Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)

2026-09-03
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摘要:

该初中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了Unit 2 "Home Sweet Home"的核心词汇及短语,通过“基础用法-固定搭配-实用例句-配套习题”四步梳理法,构建“词汇含义-用法场景-语境应用”的逻辑网络,帮助学生形成完整的家居主题词汇体系。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养,设计“词义辨析-情景应用-综合拓展”三阶练习,如“borrow/lend”易混动词辨析题、“invite sb. to do sth.”语境填空题,通过错题解析(如“dead/die/death”词形转换)强化语法精准性。这种分层设计兼顾基础巩固与能力提升,助力教师实施个性化复习,有效提升学生词汇运用能力。

内容正文:

词 汇 讲 解 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 词汇天地 新人教版初中英语8年级(上) 目录 CONTENT 短语释义 基础用法 固定搭配 实用例句 配套习题 答案详解 2 重点词汇过关 pack v. 打包;收拾 pack up 打包 bathroom n. 浴室;洗手间 sort v. 把…… 分类;整理 n. 种类 bedroom n. 卧室 balcony n. 阳台 hang up 挂起;挂断电话 invite v. 邀请 arrival n. 到达 yet adv.(用于否定句和疑问句)conj. 但是 add v. 添加;加 add sth to sth 把…… 加入…… go shopping 去购物 borrow v. 借 plan v. 策划;打算 n. 计划;方案 treasure n. 宝物;财富 v. 珍视 hunt n. 搜寻;狩猎 v. 搜寻;打猎 treasure hunt 寻宝游戏 lift n. 搭便车;电梯 v. 举起;抬起 until prep. 到…… 时;直到…… 为止 be careful with 注意;当心 movie n. 电影 the movies 电影院;电影产业 dead adj. 不运行的;死的 note n. 笔记;记录;便条 v. 注意;指出 take notes 做笔记 clean up 清扫 community n. 社区;社团 rubbish n. 垃圾 almost adv. 差不多;几乎 3 重点词汇过关 journey n. 旅行;历程 v. 旅行 pull v. 拉;拖;拔 luggage n. 行李 ah interj. 啊(表示高兴、惊奇等) share sth with sb 把…… 与…… 分享 mm interj. 嗯(表示喜欢、同意等) familiar adj. 熟悉的 joke n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑 several pron. 几个;一些 adj. 各自的 nod v. & n. 点(头) text n. 正文;文本 v.(用手机给某人)发短信 describe v. 描述;形容 wherever adv.& conj. 无论去哪里;在任何地方 matter v. 要紧 n. 问题 no matter 不论;不要紧 perhaps adv. 也许;可能 freshly adv. 刚刚 smell v. 发臭;闻到 n. 气味;臭味 joy n. 喜悦;乐趣 apartment n. 房间;公寓套房 block n. 大楼;街区;大块 decorate v. 装饰;装潢 cover v. 遮盖;包括 n. 遮盖物;封皮 poster n. 海报 scissors n. 剪刀 glue n. 胶水 v. 粘贴 4 1. pack v. 打包;收拾 pack up 打包 基础用法:动词,可作谓语;pack 表示收拾行李、打包物品;pack up 为动词短语,侧重 “打包好”。 固定搭配:pack up 打包;pack sth 打包某物;pack one’s bag 收拾某人的背包 实用例句:Please pack your bag before you go on a trip. | 旅行前请收拾好你的背包。 We packed up our luggage and left the hotel. | 我们打包好行李离开了酒店。 You’d better ____ your suitcase before the summer vacation starts. A. make up  B. pack up  C. give up  D. take up 句意:暑假开始之前你最好把行李箱打包好。本题考查动词短语辨析。make up 编造;化妆;pack up 打包;give up 放弃;take up 占据;开始从事。根据后面的 suitcase(行李箱)以及 summer vacation(暑假出行)语境,此处表达 “打包行李”,pack up 符合句意,故选 B。 5 2. bathroom n. 浴室;洗手间 基础用法:可数名词,复数 bathrooms;属于房屋类名词,指家里的浴室、卫生间。 固定搭配:clean the bathroom 打扫浴室;bathroom door 浴室门 实用例句:Could you tell me where the bathroom is? 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? There is a big bathroom in this new flat. 这套新公寓里有一间大浴室。 There is a ____ next to the bedroom, you can wash your hands there. A. bathroom  B. community  C. journey  D. block 句意:卧室旁边有一间洗手间,你可以在那里洗手。本题考查名词词义辨析。bathroom 浴室、洗手间;community 社区;journey 旅程;block 街区。根据后文 “wash your hands 洗手”,判断地点为洗手间,故选 A。 6 3. sort v. 把…… 分类;整理 n. 种类 基础用法:①动词 sort sth 整理 / 分类某物;②名词 a sort of 一种;复数 sorts。 固定搭配:sort out 整理;分类;all sorts of 各种各样的;a sort of 一种 实用例句:You should sort your books before moving house. 搬家前你应该整理你的书籍。 All sorts of magazines are on the shelf. 架子上有各种各样的杂志。 Please ____ these old magazines before you throw them away. A. nod  B. sort  C. borrow  D. pull 句意:在扔掉这些旧杂志之前,请把它们分类整理。本题考查动词词义辨析。nod 点头;sort 分类、整理;borrow 借入;pull 拉。结合语境,对旧杂志做的动作是分类整理,sort 符合题意,故选 B。 7 4. bedroom n. 卧室 基础用法:可数名词,复数 bedrooms;表示家里睡觉的房间。 固定搭配:main bedroom 主卧;clean the bedroom 打扫卧室 实用例句:My bedroom is small but very comfortable. 我的卧室很小但是很舒适。 She keeps lots of storybooks in her bedroom. | 她在卧室放了很多故事书。 He usually reads books quietly in his ____ before going to sleep. A. bathroom  B. bedroom  C. balcony  D. community 句意:睡觉之前,他通常在卧室安静看书。本题考查名词词义辨析。bathroom 浴室;bedroom 卧室;balcony 阳台;community 社区。根据 “before going to sleep 睡觉之前”,场景是卧室,故选 B。 8 5. balcony n. 阳台 基础用法:可数名词,复数 balconies;楼房向外延伸的阳台。 固定搭配:on the balcony 在阳台上;balcony garden 阳台花园 实用例句:We enjoy fresh air on the balcony every morning. | 我们每天早上在阳台呼吸新鲜空气。 There are many beautiful flowers on the balcony. | 阳台上有很多漂亮的花。 Grandma grows different kinds of flowers on the ____. A. bedroom  B. balcony  C. journey  D. plate 句意:奶奶在阳台上种各种各样的花。本题考查名词词义辨析。bedroom 卧室;balcony 阳台;journey 旅行;plate 盘子。种花的地点是阳台,on the balcony 固定搭配,故选 B。 9 6. hang up 挂起;挂断电话 基础用法:动词短语;过去式 hung up;两层含义:①把物品挂起来;②挂断电话。 固定搭配:hang up the phone 挂断电话;hang up clothes 挂起衣服 实用例句:Please hang up your coat on the wall. 请把你的外套挂在墙上。 Don’t hang up, I still have something to tell you. 别挂电话,我还有事要告诉你。 After talking with her mother on the phone, she ____ quickly. A. hung up  B. gave up  C. packed up  D. got up 句意:和妈妈通完电话之后,她快速挂断了电话。本题考查动词短语辨析与时态。hang up 挂断电话,过去式 hung up;give up 放弃;pack up 打包;get up 起床。根据 “on the phone 通电话” 的语境,动作是挂断电话,事情发生在过去,用过去式 hung up,故选 A。 10 7. invite v. 邀请 基础用法:及物动词;固定结构 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地;invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。名词形式 invitation 邀请函。 固定搭配:invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事;invite sb. to + 地点 邀请某人去某地 实用例句:I will invite my friends to take part in my birthday party. 我将要邀请我的朋友们参加我的生日派对。 Linda invited me ____ to the cinema with her last weekend. A. go  B. to go  C. going  D. went 句意:上周末琳达邀请我和她一起去看电影。本题考查非谓语动词固定搭配。invite sb. to do sth. 为固定结构,意为 “邀请某人做某事”,不定式 to do 作宾语补足语,因此用 to go,故选 B。 11 8. arrival n. 到达 基础用法:名词;动词形式 arrive;arrival at/in + 地点 到达某地。 固定搭配:on one’s arrival 在某人到达时;arrival at sp 到达某地 实用例句:We felt excited at his arrival. 他到来的时候我们很激动。 On our arrival at the station, it began to rain. 我们刚到达车站,天就开始下雨。 On my ____ at the hotel, I found my bag was lost. A. arrival  B. journey  C. treasure  D. note 句意:我刚到达酒店的时候,发现我的包丢了。本题考查名词词义辨析。arrival 到达;journey 旅途;treasure 珍宝;note 笔记。on one’s arrival at… 是固定表达,意为 “某人抵达…… 时”,故选 A。 12 9. yet adv.(用于否定句和疑问句)conj. 但是 基础用法:副词,多用于否定句、疑问句末尾,译为 “还,尚未”;作连词表转折 “然而,但是”。 固定搭配:not…yet 还没有;Have you done…yet? 你已经做…… 了吗? 实用例句:I haven’t finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成我的家庭作业。 He is old, yet he still works hard. 他年纪大了,但是仍然努力工作。 —Have you read the storybook ____? —No, I haven’t. A. already  B. yet  C. just  D. ever 句意:—— 你已经读过这本故事书了吗?—— 还没有。本题考查现在完成时副词辨析。already 多用于肯定句;yet 用于疑问句、否定句句末;just 刚刚;ever 曾经。本句为疑问句,放在句末用 yet,故选 B。 13 10. add v. 添加;加 add sth to sth 把…… 加入…… 基础用法:及物动词;add A to B 把 A 加到 B 当中;名词 addition。 固定搭配:add sth to sth 把某物加入某物;add up 合计 实用例句:Please add some sugar to the hot water. 请往热水里加一点糖。 He added a few more words to his article. 他给他的文章补充了几句话。 Don’t add too much salt ____ the soup, it will be too salty. A. for  B. into  C. to  D. with 句意:不要往汤里加太多盐,会太咸。本题考查介词固定搭配。add sth. to sth. 是固定短语,表示 “把…… 加入……”,介词必须使用 to,故选 C。 14 11. borrow v. 借 基础用法:动词;借入,borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物;区分 lend(借出)。 固定搭配:borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 实用例句:Can I borrow your dictionary? 我可以借你的词典吗? He borrowed a storybook from the school library. 他从学校图书馆借了一本故事书。 You can ____ this book from the library for two weeks. A. lend  B. borrow  C. keep  D. take 句意:这本书你可以从图书馆借两周。本题考查易混动词辨析。borrow 借入;lend 借出,二者都是短暂性动词,不能和时间段 for two weeks 连用;keep 是延续性动词,表示 “保留;借阅”,可以和一段时间连用,故选 C。 15 12. plan v. 策划;打算 n. 计划;方案 基础用法:动词 plan to do sth. 计划做某事;名词 make a plan 制定计划;复数 plans。 固定搭配:plan to do sth. 计划做某事;make a plan 制定计划;plan for 为…… 做计划 实用例句:We plan to take a journey this summer holiday. 我们计划今年暑假去旅行。 We need to make a careful plan for this trip. 我们需要为这次旅行制定周密的计划。 They plan ____ a picnic in the community park this Sunday. A. have  B. having  C. to have  D. had 句意:他们计划这周日在社区公园举办野餐。本题考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth. 是固定搭配,意为 “计划做某事”,使用不定式 to do 作宾语,所以填 to have,故选 C。 16 13. treasure n. 宝物;财富 v. 珍视 基础用法:名词作 “宝物、珍宝” 时可数 / 不可数;表 “财富” 多为不可数;动词表示 “珍视、珍重”,侧重情感上爱惜人或事物。 固定搭配:treasure hunt 寻宝游戏;cultural treasure 文化瑰宝;treasure every moment 珍惜每一刻 实用例句:Many old treasures are kept in the local museum. 许多古老的珍宝保存在当地博物馆。 During the school activity, children joined in a ____ game and found lots of hand‑made gifts in the garden. A. treasure hunt B. paper cutting C. take notes D. clean up 句意:在校园活动期间,孩子们参加了一场寻宝游戏,并在花园里找到了许多手工礼物。本题考查名词短语语境辨析,属于中考完形高频短语考点。treasure hunt 寻宝游戏;paper cutting 剪纸;take notes 记笔记;clean up 打扫。根据后文 “found lots of hand‑made gifts in the garden(在花园找到手工礼物)” 这一关键线索,可以判断活动是寻宝游戏。其余选项:B 剪纸是手工制作,不需要 “寻找礼物”;C 记笔记是课堂行为;D 打扫是清理垃圾,均和 “寻找礼物” 的语境不匹配。注意 treasure 既可以作名词珍宝,也可以作动词珍惜,中考经常考一词多义辨析,故选 A。 17 14. hunt n. 搜寻;狩猎 v. 搜寻;打猎 基础用法:动词 hunt for = look for 搜寻、寻找;名词 hunt 表示狩猎、搜寻;过去式 hunted。 固定搭配:hunt for 搜寻;寻找;treasure hunt 寻宝游戏;hunt animals 狩猎动物 实用例句:They hunted for the missing key everywhere in the house. 他们在家里到处搜寻丢失的钥匙。 In the old days, some people hunted animals for food. | 在古代,一些人捕猎动物获取食物。 When Lisa couldn’t find her favourite watch, she ____ it everywhere in her bedroom and living room. A. pulled B. hunted for C. gave up D. packed up 句意:当莉萨找不到她心爱的手表时,她在卧室和客厅到处搜寻它。本题考查动词及动词短语辨析,中考常考动词短语语境理解。pull 拉;hunt for 搜寻、寻找;give up 放弃;pack up 打包。根据 “couldn’t find her favourite watch(找不到手表)”,后面的动作就是四处搜寻。易错陷阱:A 选项 pull 只是 “拖拽”,不能表达寻找含义;C 放弃语义相反;D 打包和找手表无关。hunt for 同义短语为 look for,考试经常进行同义替换考查,故选 B。 18 15. lift n. 搭便车;电梯 v. 举起;抬起 基础用法:名词两层含义:电梯(英式);give sb. a lift 捎某人一程;动词表示举起、抬起重物。 固定搭配:give sb. a lift 开车顺便送某人;take the lift 乘坐电梯;lift up 举起 实用例句:My father gave me a lift to the train station yesterday morning. 昨天早上爸爸开车送我去火车站。 —It’s raining heavily outside and I missed the last bus home. —Don’t worry. I can ____, so you won’t get wet in the rain. A. give you a lift B. take notes C. hang you up D. pull you down 句意:—— 外面雨下得很大,我错过了回家的末班车。—— 别担心,我可以开车捎你一程,这样你就不会被雨淋湿。本题考查情景交际 + 动词短语,属于中考单选高频题型。give sb a lift 捎某人一程;take notes 记笔记;hang up 挂断电话;pull down 摧毁。对话语境:错过末班车、下雨,所以要开车送人。易错辨析:lift 一词多义,名词可表示电梯,动词表示举起,本题考固定习语 give sb a lift “捎人一程”,是阅读理解、单选高频习语,千万不要直译为 “给你一个电梯”,故选 A。 19 16. until prep. 到…… 时;直到…… 为止 基础用法:介词 / 连词;肯定句中,主句动词必须延续性动词;not…until… 直到…… 才……。 固定搭配:not…until… 直到…… 才;until the end 直到最后;wait until 一直等到 实用例句:I will wait for you until you finish your after‑school activity. | 我会等你直到你完成课外活动。 He didn’t go to bed until he finished his report last night. | 昨晚他直到写完报告才上床睡觉。 You won’t realize how important health is ____ you lose it. A. if B. until C. though D. because 句意:直到失去健康,你才会意识到它有多重要。本题考查连词 not…until… 固定句型,中考高频语法考点。if 如果;until 直到;though 虽然;because 因为。主句含有否定 won’t,构成固定结构 not … until …,翻译为 “直到…… 才……”。易错提醒:until 引导时间状语从句,遵循主将从现;区分 if 引导条件状语从句,though 引导让步状语从句,because 引导原因状语从句。很多同学容易误选 if,if 代入逻辑不通,“如果你失去健康,你不会意识到重要性” 语义错误,故选 B。 20 17. be careful with 注意;当心 基础用法:后接名词 / 代词;侧重对事物小心、当心,避免损坏;区分 be careful of(提防人 / 危险)。 固定搭配:be careful with sth. 当心某物;be careful of sb./sth. 提防;be careful to do 小心去做 实用例句:You should be careful with the glass cups on the table. 你应当小心桌上的玻璃杯。 When you are using these sharp scissors for paper‑cutting, you must ____ them, or you may hurt your fingers. A. be careful with B. take care of C. look forward to D. be proud of 句意:当你使用这些锋利的剪刀做剪纸的时候,你一定要当心它们,否则你可能弄伤手指。本题考查短语辨析。be careful with 当心、小心对待;take care of 照顾;look forward to 期待;be proud of 为…… 自豪。根据后文 “or you may hurt your fingers(否则会伤到手指)”,语境是小心锋利工具。易错辨析:be careful with 小心物品,防止弄坏受伤;take care of 多指照顾人,不要混淆。本题干扰项 B 迷惑性较强,如果选 B,语义变成 “照顾剪刀”,不符合场景,故选 A。 21 18. dead adj. 不运行的;死的 基础用法:形容词;区分 die (动词,死亡,短暂性);death (名词死亡);dead (形容词死的,可延续) 。 固定搭配:dead battery 没电的电池;be dead 死亡;a dead phone 没电关机的手机 实用例句:The old tree has been dead for many years. 这棵老树已经枯死很多年。 The little dog has been ____ for nearly three months, and its owner still misses it very much. A. die B. dead C. dying D. death 句意:这只小狗已经死去将近三个月了,它的主人仍然非常想念它。本题考查 die 家族词形辨析,中考词形转换高频考点。die v. 死亡(短暂动词,不能和时间段连用);dead adj. 死的;dying adj. 垂死的;death n. 死亡。句中 has been 后面需要接形容词作表语,且 for nearly three months 是一段时间,只能用延续状态 be dead。易错陷阱:A 是动词原形不能放 be 后;C 垂死,指还没有死去;D 是名词,语法结构不匹配。该组词是中考高频考点,写作、完形都经常考查,故选 B。 22 19. note n. 笔记;记录;便条 v. 注意;指出 基础用法:名词:笔记、便条;动词:注意、指出;固定短语 take notes 记笔记。 固定搭配:take notes 做笔记;leave a note 留便条;note down 记下 实用例句:You’d better take notes while you are listening to the speech. 听演讲的时候你最好记笔记。 He noted that the environment of the community became much better. 他指出社区的环境变得好多了。 In order to learn English well, most students ____ carefully when they are having English classes. A. take notes B. give a lift C. hang up D. hunt for 句意:为了学好英语,大多数学生在上英语课的时候认真记笔记。本题考查动词短语辨析。take notes 记笔记;give a lift 捎一程;hang up 挂断;hunt for 搜寻。根据 “having English classes 上英语课” 课堂场景,对应的行为是记笔记。注意 note 一词多义:名词笔记 / 便条;动词注意、指出,中考完形会考察一词多义。注意 note 复数 notes 不能漏掉 s,固定搭配 take notes,不能写成 take note,这是学生高频书写错误,故选 A。 23 20. clean up 清扫 基础用法:动词短语;打扫干净,清理环境;代词放中间:clean it up。 固定搭配:clean up the rubbish 清理垃圾;clean‑up n. 大扫除 实用例句:Please clean it up before you leave the room. 在你离开房间之前,请把它打扫干净。 Many volunteers came to ____ the public square and picked up rubbish after the big party. A. clean up B. hang up C. give up D. lift up 句意:大型聚会结束之后,许多志愿者前来清扫公共广场并且捡拾垃圾。本题考查动词短语辨析。clean up 清扫、清理;hang up 挂断;give up 放弃;lift up 举起。根据后文 “picked up rubbish 捡拾垃圾”,场景是打扫广场。语法提醒:如果宾语是代词 it/them,代词要放短语中间:clean it up,不能写 clean up it,中考语法填空经常考这个代词位置,故选 A。 24 21. community n. 社区;社团 基础用法:可数名词,复数 communities;指居住的社区,也指社团团体。 固定搭配:community park 社区公园;community service 社区服务;in the community 在社区 实用例句:Lots of old people take part in different activities in our community. 很多老年人在我们社区参加各式各样的活动。 He joins a volunteer community to help homeless people. |他加入志愿社团帮助无家可归的人。 Lots of teenagers do some ____ service to help old people who live alone in their neighbourhood. A. journey B. community C. treasure D. apartment 句意:许多青少年做一些社区服务,帮助小区里独居的老人。本题考查名词词义辨析。journey 旅程;community 社区;treasure 珍宝;apartment 公寓。community service 社区服务,是固定名词搭配。neighbourhood(居民区)对应 community 社区,属于阅读理解高频词汇。易错:不要混淆 apartment,apartment 只是公寓楼房,不能修饰 service,故选 B。 25 22. rubbish n. 垃圾 基础用法:不可数名词!不能加 s;同义:garbage /trash。 固定搭配:throw away rubbish 扔垃圾;sort rubbish 垃圾分类;clean up rubbish 清理垃圾 实用例句:Please put the rubbish into different bins. 请把垃圾投入不同的垃圾桶。 In order to make our city more beautiful, we shouldn’t drop ____ everywhere on the street. A. a rubbish B. rubbishes C. rubbish D. some biscuit 句意:为了让我们的城市更加美丽,我们不应该在街上到处乱扔垃圾。本题考查不可数名词。rubbish 垃圾是不可数名词,没有复数,前面不能加 a/an。A、B 形式错误;D biscuit 饼干,语义不通。中考高频易错点:rubbish, water, information 都是不可数名词,改错题型经常写 rubbishes 作为错误选项,一定要牢记,故选 C。 26 23. almost adv. 差不多;几乎 基础用法:副词,放在实义动词前,be 动词之后;辨析 almost 和 nearly,almost 可以修饰否定词。 固定搭配:almost every day 几乎每一天;almost nothing 几乎什么都没有 实用例句:It was almost dark when we finished our long journey. 我们结束漫长旅途的时候天几乎黑了。 When the heavy rain came, ____ all the visitors had already left the mountain park. A. nearly B. almost C. hardly D. mostly 句意:大雨来临的时候,几乎所有游客都已经离开了山地公园。本题考查副词辨析。almost 几乎;nearly 几乎;hardly 几乎不;mostly 大部分。almost 可以修饰 all,almost all 几乎全部,是固定常用搭配。辨析:almost 程度更强,可以修饰 no/none/nothing 等否定词;nearly 一般不和否定词连用。hardly 表否定 “几乎没有” 代入句意矛盾;mostly 侧重 “主要地”。中考完形经常区分 almost /nearly/hardly,要注意语义正负,故选 B。 27 24. journey n. 旅行;历程 v. 旅行 基础用法:名词,侧重长途陆路旅行;区分 trip 短途出行;travel 泛指旅行。 固定搭配:a long journey 漫长的旅途;go on a journey 去旅行;life journey 人生历程 实用例句:We had a wonderful journey across the country last summer. 去年夏天我们完成了一场横跨这个国家的美妙旅行。 During the long ____ to the ancient town, we enjoyed beautiful mountains and rivers along the way. A. joke B. journey C. note D. block 句意:在去往古镇的漫长旅途中,我们沿途欣赏了美丽的山河。本题考查名词词义辨析。joke 笑话;journey 长途旅行;note 笔记;block 街区。long 提示长途,journey 多指较长距离陆路旅行。中考高频辨析:journey(长途陆路);trip 短途出行;travel 泛指旅游;tour 观光巡游。根据 long 以及 along the way 沿途风景,判断选 journey,故选 B。 28 25. pull v. 拉;拖;拔 基础用法:动词;反义词 push 推;pull 向外 / 向后拉;push 向内推。 固定搭配:pull down 拆毁;pull out 拔出;pull …away 拉开 实用例句:Please pull the heavy box towards you little by little. 请把这个重箱子一点点朝你这边拉。 He pulled out a small notebook from his pocket. 他从口袋掏出一个小笔记本。 When you meet a heavy door, don’t ____ it hard; you need to push it forward to open it. A. pull B. lift C. hunt D. invite 句意:当你遇到一扇很重的门,不要用力拉它;你需要向前推才能打开。本题考查动词词义辨析。pull 拉;lift 举起;hunt 搜寻;invite 邀请。后文 push it forward(向前推),提示前半句动作是 pull 拉,互为反义词。中考单选经常考动作类反义词:push‑pull,remember‑forget 这类成对词汇,需要积累,故选 A。 29 26. luggage n. 行李 基础用法:不可数名词, 无复数;表达一件行李:a piece of luggage;同义 baggage。 固定搭配:a piece of luggage 一件行李;check one’s luggage 托运行李 实用例句:Please take good care of your luggage when you take the high‑speed train. 乘坐高铁时请保管好你的行李。 We have too much luggage for this short trip. 这次短途旅行我们行李太多。 Before getting on the train, every passenger should take good care of their ____. A. luggages B. a luggage C. luggage D. two luggages 句意:上火车之前,每一位乘客应当保管好自己的行李。本题考查不可数名词。luggage 行李为不可数名词,没有复数形式,不能加‑s;不能直接用 a / 数词修饰。要表达数量需要借助量词 piece:two pieces of luggage。A、D 加了复数,B 前面加 a,全部语法错误。同类不可数名词:advice, information。中考改错题型高频挖坑点,故选 C。 30 27. share sth. with sb. 把…… 与…… 分享 基础用法:动词 share;固定结构 share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物;share in sth 分担。 固定搭配:share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物;share in trouble 共患难 实用例句:We should share our happiness with our family members. 我们应该和家人分享我们的快乐。 She shared her interesting journey stories with her classmates. 她和同学们分享她有趣的旅途故事。 It’s necessary for teenagers ____ their true feelings ____ their parents when they meet difficulties. A. share; to B. to share; with C. sharing; for D. to share; to 句意:青少年遇到困难的时候,和父母分享真实感受是很有必要的。本题考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。固定句型 It is +adj. for sb to do sth,所以第一空填 to share;固定搭配 share sth with sb,“和某人分享” 介词用 with。易错陷阱:很多学生会错选 to,记住搭配介词固定为 with。这道题同时考察你之前学过的 It is…to do 语法,属于中考高频综合题型,故选 B。 31 28. familiar adj. 熟悉的 基础用法:形容词;两组极易混淆固定搭配:be familiar with sb./sth. 某人熟悉某物;be familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉。固定搭配:be familiar with (人)熟悉……;be familiar to 为…… 所熟悉 实用例句:This old song is familiar to many old people. 这首老歌对很多老人来说很熟悉。 As we have learned it for years, all of us ____ this popular traditional story. A. are familiar to B. are familiar with C. are good for D. are strict with 句意:因为我们已经学习它很多年,我们所有人都熟悉这个广为流传的传统故事。本题考查 familiar 两组易混固定搭配,中考单选高频陷阱。be familiar with:主语是人,“某人熟悉某物”;be familiar to:主语是事物,“某物被某人熟知”;be good for 对…… 有益;be strict with 对…… 严格。本句主语 all of us 是人,表达 “我们熟悉故事”,用 be familiar with。高频易错点,大量学生混淆 to 和 with,一定要分清主语是人还是物,故选 B。 32 29. joke n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑 基础用法:名词可数复数 jokes;动词 joke;固定搭配 play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑。 固定搭配:play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑;tell a joke 讲笑话;joke about sth. 拿某事开玩笑 实用例句:Don’t play a joke on your classmates in public. 不要当众开你同学的玩笑。 He likes to tell jokes to make others laugh. 他喜欢讲笑话逗大家笑。 We shouldn’t ____ others’ shortcomings, because it will hurt their feelings deeply. A. play a joke on B. take notes of C. give a lift to D. hunt for 句意:我们不应该拿别人的缺点开玩笑,因为这会深深伤害他们的感情。本题考查动词短语辨析。play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑;take notes of 记下;give a lift to 捎某人一程;hunt for 搜寻。根据后文 hurt their feelings(伤害感情),得知语境是不要拿别人缺点开玩笑。注意 joke 可数,短语中 joke 要加 a 或者复数 jokes,中考改错经常漏冠词 a,故选 A。 33 30. several pron. 几个;一些 adj. 各自的 基础用法:限定词 / 代词,修饰可数名词复数;语义:三到七几个,比 a few 数量稍多。 固定搭配:several + 复数名词 几个……;several of us 我们当中几个人 实用例句:Several of my friends plan to go on a journey during vacation. 我的好几个朋友计划假期出去旅行。 ____ teenagers in our community volunteer group will help clean up the public square this Saturday morning. A. Several B. Little C. Much D. A bit 句意:我们社区志愿小组里的几名青少年,本周六早上会帮忙清扫公共广场。本题考查限定词辨析。several 几个,修饰可数名词复数 teenagers;little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;much 许多,修饰不可数名词;a bit 后面需要加 of 才能修饰名词。teenagers 是可数名词复数,只能用 several 修饰。易错区分:little /much 修饰不可数名词;several /a few 修饰可数复数,中考语法填空高频考点,故选 A。 34 31. nod v. & n. 点(头) 基础用法:动词过去式 nodded,双写 d;名词 nod;nod to sb 向某人点头;nod in agreement 点头表示同意。 固定搭配:nod to sb. 向某人点头;nod in agreement 点头表示赞同;give sb. a nod 向某人点头 实用例句:She nodded in agreement when she heard my suggestion. 听到我的建议,她点头表示同意。 When I put forward my useful idea at the meeting, the manager ____ to show that he agreed with me. A. nodded B. hunted C. pulled D. packed 句意:当我在会议上提出我有用的想法,经理点头表示他同意我的观点。本题考查动词词义辨析与时态。nod 点头;hunt 搜寻;pull 拉;pack 打包。根据后文 “he agreed with me 他同意我”,动作是点头。时态提示 put forward 为过去式,因此 nod 也要用过去式 nodded,注意重读闭音节,过去式双写 d。词形变形是中考词形转换高频考点,很多学生忘记双写 d,故选 A。 35 32. text n. 正文;文本 v.(用手机给某人)发短信 基础用法:名词文本;动词 text sb. 给某人发短信;一词多义中考阅读常考。 固定搭配:text message 短信;text sb. 给某人发短信;read the text 读课文 实用例句:Please read the text carefully and answer the following questions. 请仔细阅读文本,回答下面的问题。 When you can’t make a phone call, you can ____ your friends to tell them your situation quickly. A. text B. decorate C. glue D. describe 句意:当你不方便打电话的时候,你可以给朋友发短信快速告知你的处境。本题考查动词词义辨析。text 给…… 发短信;decorate 装饰;glue 粘贴;describe 描述。根据语境 can’t make a phone call(不能打电话),替代方式就是发短信。注意 text 在这里是动词 “发短信”,不是名词课文,中考阅读经常考熟词生义,看到 text 要同时想到名词、动词两层含义,故选 A。 36 33. describe v. 描述;形容 基础用法:动词;名词 description;固定搭配 describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物。 固定搭配:describe sth. to sb. 向某人描述某物;describe …as… 把…… 描述成 实用例句:Can you describe your favourite journey to your classmates? 你能向同学们描述你最喜欢的一次旅行吗? People describe the ancient building as a great treasure. 人们把这座古建筑描述为一件瑰宝。 The reporter asked the traveller ____ what he had seen during his long trip to those ancient towns. A. describe B. to describe C. describing D. described 句意:记者请这位旅行者描述他去往那些古镇长途旅途中的所见所闻。本题考查非谓语动词固定搭配。ask sb to do sth 要求 / 请某人做某事,不定式作宾语补足语,因此填 to describe。易错:容易误选动词原形 describe。另外词形转换考点:动词 describe,名词形式 description,语法填空经常考变形,故选 B。 37 34. wherever adv.& conj. 无论去哪里;在任何地方 基础用法:连词,引导让步状语从句;=no matter where;中考让步状语从句考点。 固定搭配:wherever you go 无论你去哪里;wherever possible 在任何可能的地方 实用例句:Wherever you travel, you should protect the local environment. 无论你去哪里旅行,你都应当保护当地环境。 Wherever he is, he always keeps in touch with his family. 无论身在何处,他总是和家人保持联系。 ____ you choose to go for your coming vacation, you should respect the local culture and customs. A. Wherever B. Whatever C. However D. Whenever 句意:无论你选择去哪里度过即将到来的假期,你都应当尊重当地的文化风俗。本题考查让步状语从句连接词辨析。wherever 无论何地;whatever 无论什么;however 无论怎样;whenever 无论何时。从句中 go 提示地点,因此用 wherever = no matter where。中考语法高频考点:‑ever 系列:whatever/whoever/wherever/whenever,做题要判断从句缺少地点 / 事物 / 时间,故选 A。 38 35. matter v. 要紧 n. 问题 基础用法:动词 matter 要紧、有关系;no matter + 疑问词,引导让步状语从句;What’s the matter? 怎么了。 固定搭配:no matter what/who/where 无论什么 / 谁 / 哪里;What’s the matter? 出什么事了;It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 实用例句:It doesn’t matter if you make small mistakes in the exam. 考试中犯小错误没关系。 —I’m sorry that I broke your new plate by accident. —____. It is not so important for me. A. It matters B. It doesn’t matter C. No problem D. Be careful 句意:—— 很抱歉,我不小心打碎了你新的盘子。—— 没关系,它对我来说没有那么重要。本题考查情景交际 matter 固定习语。It matters 这很要紧;It doesn’t matter 没关系,用于回应别人道歉;No problem 多用于回应感谢;Be careful 小心。对方表达道歉,答句后半句 “It is not so important(这不重要)” 提示回复 “没关系”。注意 no matter 后面必须接疑问词,不能单独用来回答道歉,这是高频易错坑,故选 B。 39 36. perhaps adv. 也许;可能 基础用法:副词,放句首 / 句中;词义比 maybe 正式一些;同义 probably(很可能)辨析。 固定搭配:perhaps so 也许是这样;perhaps not 也许不是 实用例句:Perhaps we will take part in the treasure‑hunt activity in the community this Sunday. 也许我们这周日会参加社区的寻宝活动。 Perhaps he will arrive a little later because of heavy traffic. 也许因为拥堵的交通,他会晚一点到。 —Why hasn’t Tom shown up at the community meeting? —____ he missed the bus and has to wait for the next one. A. Perhaps B. Nearly C. Almost D. Mostly 句意:—— 为什么汤姆还没有出现在社区会议?—— 也许他错过了公交车,不得不等下一班。本题考查副词词义辨析。perhaps 也许、可能,表示推测;nearly 几乎;almost 几乎;mostly 主要地。对话是对汤姆缺席的情况做推测,用 perhaps。辨析:perhaps “也许” 可能性约 50%;probably 很可能,可能性更大。中考完形经常区分这几个推测副词,故选 A。 40 37. freshly adv. 刚刚 基础用法:副词,修饰过去分词;fresh 形容词新鲜的;freshly‑made 刚做好的。 固定搭配:freshly‑cooked 刚烹饪好的;freshly‑made 刚刚制作完成的 实用例句:We enjoyed some freshly‑cooked dishes in that apartment. |我们在那间公寓吃到一些刚做好的菜。 The freshly‑picked flowers look very beautiful on the balcony. 刚采摘的鲜花在阳台上看起来很美。 These ____ baked biscuits smell so nice that all children want to have a taste. A. fresh B. freshly C. freshness D. fresher 句意:这些刚刚烘烤出来的饼干闻起来很香,所有孩子都想要尝一尝。本题考查词形转换,副词修饰过去分词。baked 是 bake 的过去分词,需要副词 freshly 修饰;fresh 形容词;freshness 名词新鲜;fresher 形容词比较级。freshly baked 刚刚烘烤好的,属于中考阅读高频复合形容词结构 “副词 + 过去分词”,故选 B。 41 38. smell v. 发臭;闻到 n. 气味;臭味 基础用法:动词过去式 smelt/smelled;系动词用法:smell +adj. 闻起来……;名词气味。 固定搭配:smell good 闻起来很香;smell terrible 闻起来很难闻;a strange smell 一股奇怪气味 实用例句:The flowers on the balcony smell really sweet. 阳台上的花闻起来十分香甜。 There is a strange smell in this block of apartment building. 这栋公寓楼街区有一股奇怪的气味。 The delicious paper‑cutting craft doesn’t produce any smell, but the glue ____ terrible if you use too much. A. smells B. smell C. smelling D. smelted 句意:这个好看的剪纸工艺品不会产生任何气味,但是如果你使用太多胶水,闻起来会很难闻。本题考查感官系动词。smell 作系动词,后面接形容词 terrible;主语 glue 胶水,不可数名词,一般现在时谓语动词用三单 smells。易错陷阱:D smelted 是 smelt 冶炼,不是 smell 过去式;smell 过去式 smelled/smelt。中考高频感官系动词:look/sound/smell/taste/feel,后面直接接形容词,不要接副词,是改错高频考点,故选 A。 42 39. joy n. 喜悦;乐趣 基础用法:不可数名词;形容词 joyful 快乐的;to one’s joy 令某人高兴的是。 固定搭配:to one’s joy 令某人开心的是;full of joy 充满喜悦 实用例句:To our great joy, we won the community volunteer competition. 令我们非常开心的是,我们赢得了社区志愿者比赛。 Children are full of joy during the treasure‑hunt game. 在寻宝游戏中孩子们满心欢喜。 ____, all the students in our group finished the difficult task ahead of time. A. To our joy B. To our surprise C. To our sadness D. To our interest 句意:令我们喜悦的是,我们小组所有学生都提前完成了这项艰巨的任务。本题考查固定短语辨析。to one’s joy 令某人喜悦的是;to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶;to one’s sadness 令某人悲伤;to our interest 让我们感兴趣。“提前完成艰巨任务” 是一件开心的事,所以用 to our joy。中考高频 to one’s + 名词结构,写作、完形经常出现,需要积累 joy /surprise/sadness 等名词,故选 A。 43 40. apartment n. 房间;公寓套房 基础用法:可数名词复数 apartments;美式英语公寓;英式 flat。 固定搭配:a modern apartment 一套现代公寓;live in an apartment 住在公寓 实用例句:Many young people choose to live in small apartments in this city block. 在这个街区很多年轻人选择住小公寓。 The young writer lives in a bright ____ on the third floor of this city block. A. apartment B. plate C. biscuit D. rubbish 句意:这位年轻作家住在这个街区三楼一套明亮的公寓套房里。本题考查名词词义辨析。apartment 公寓套房;plate 盘子;biscuit 饼干;rubbish 垃圾。根据 live in(居住)、on the third floor 在三楼、city block 城市街区,判断地点是公寓。中考阅读常考英美词汇差异:apartment (美)=flat (英),看到两个词都识别为公寓,故选 A。 44 41. block n. 大楼;街区;大块 基础用法:可数名词复数 blocks;表示城市街区;a block of 一大块。 固定搭配:city block 城市街区;a block of wood 一大块木头;walk two blocks 走过两个街区 实用例句:You will find the community park after walking two blocks along this street. 沿着这条街走过两个街区,你就会找到社区公园。 There is a big block of stone in front of that ancient building. 那座古建筑前面有一大块石头。 Walk along the street for three ____, and you will see the poster of paper‑cutting show on your right‑hand side. A. blocks B. journeys C. notes D. treasures 句意:沿着这条街道走过三个街区,你就会在右手边看到剪纸展览的海报。本题考查名词词义辨析。block 街区;journey 旅途;note 笔记;treasure 珍宝。three 后面接可数名词复数,walk three blocks 走过三个街区,描述城市道路行走,是阅读理解高频表达。注意 block 一词多义:街区、大块物体,做题要结合语境翻译,故选 A。 45 42. decorate v. 装饰;装潢 基础用法:动词;名词 decoration;decorate sth. with sth. 用某物装饰某物。中考词形转换高频。 固定搭配:decorate …with… 用…… 装饰……;decorate the house 装饰房屋 实用例句:People decorate their houses with paper‑cutting during traditional festivals. 在传统节日期间,人们用剪纸装饰房屋。 We plan to decorate our balcony with colourful flowers. 我们计划用五颜六色鲜花装饰阳台。 Many Chinese families ____ their windows ____ beautiful paper‑cuttings during the Spring Festival. A. decorate; with B. cover; with C. fill; of D. provide; for 句意:春节期间很多中国家庭用漂亮的剪纸装饰窗户。本题考查动词短语辨析。decorate sth with sth 用…… 装饰某物;cover …with 用…… 覆盖;fill …with 装满;provide sth for sb 为某人提供。根据 “paper‑cutting 剪纸、Spring Festival 春节”,是用剪纸装饰窗户。易错辨析:decorate 侧重美化装饰;cover 是遮盖,不能说用剪纸把窗户盖住,语义不对。中考书面表达写传统文化话题,decorate with 是高分短语,故选 A。 46 43. cover v. 遮盖;包括 n. 遮盖物;封皮 基础用法:动词;cover…with… 用…… 盖住;be covered with 被…… 覆盖;名词封面。一词多义中考高频。 固定搭配:cover …with… 用…… 遮盖;be covered with 被…… 覆盖;book cover 书的封皮 实用例句:Please cover the plate with a piece of clean paper. 请用一张干净的纸盖住盘子。 The whole mountain is covered with white snow in winter. 冬天整座大山被白雪覆盖。 When you finish eating the biscuits, remember ____ the plate with a clean cloth to keep them fresh. A. cover B. to cover C. covering D. covered 句意:吃完饼干之后,记得用一块干净布盖住盘子,保持饼干新鲜。本题考查非谓语动词 remember 用法。remember to do sth 记得要做某事(还没做);remember doing 记得做过某事(已经做完)。本句是吃完饼干,提醒接下来要去盖住盘子,事情尚未发生,用 remember to do。cover…with…“用…… 遮盖” 固定搭配。中考单选高频考点 remember 两组搭配,一定要区分动作是否完成,故选 B。 47 44. poster n. 海报 基础用法:可数名词复数 posters;海报、宣传画。 固定搭配:put up a poster 张贴海报;show poster 展览海报 实用例句:We put up many posters about paper‑cutting art all over the community. | 我们在社区各处张贴很多剪纸艺术海报。 In order to tell more people about our paper‑cutting show, we put up lots of ____ around our neighbourhood. A. posters B. scissors C. glues D. journeys 句意:为了让更多人了解我们的剪纸展览,我们在居民区周围张贴大量海报。本题考查名词词义辨析。poster 海报;scissors 剪刀;glue 胶水;journey 旅途。put up 张贴,搭配宾语 posters 海报。scissors 剪刀、glue 胶水是制作剪纸工具,不需要张贴,语义不匹配。注意 poster 可数,lots of 后接复数 posters,故选 A。 48 45. scissors n. 剪刀 基础用法:只有复数形式! a pair of scissors 一把剪刀;two pairs of scissors 两把剪刀。中考名词必考。 固定搭配:a pair of scissors 一把剪刀;use scissors 使用剪刀 实用例句:You need a pair of sharp scissors when you do paper‑cutting. 做剪纸的时候你需要一把锋利的剪刀。 This pair of scissors is used for cutting paper. 这把剪刀用来剪纸。 To finish this paper‑cutting work, you will need ____ and some red paper. A. a pair of scissors B. a scissor C. two scissor D. pair scissors 句意:要完成这份剪纸作品,你需要一把剪刀和一些红纸。本题考查复数名词 scissors。scissors 永远是复数,不能单独写 a scissor;表达数量必须借助量词 pair:a pair of scissors 一把剪刀。B、C 形式错误,D 缺少冠词 a。同类只有复数名词:trousers 裤子,glasses 眼镜,考试经常考量词 pair of,属于语法填空高频考点,故选 A。 49 46. glue n. 胶水 v. 粘贴 基础用法:名词胶水不可数;动词 glue sth to sth 把某物粘贴到某物上。 固定搭配:a bottle of glue 一瓶胶水;glue A to B 把 A 粘贴到 B 上 实用例句:You need some glue when you stick your paper‑cutting onto the poster. 当你把剪纸贴到海报上,你需要一些胶水。 He glued the beautiful paper‑cutting to the window. 他把漂亮的剪纸粘贴到窗户上。 Please be careful with the ____, because it will stick your fingers together if you touch it carelessly. A. glue B. biscuit C. plate D. joy 句意:请当心胶水,如果你不小心碰到,它会把你的手指粘在一起。本题考查名词词义辨析。glue 胶水;biscuit 饼干;plate 盘子;joy 喜悦。根据后文 stick your fingers together(粘住手指),可以判断是胶水。glue 作名词胶水不可数,不能加 s;动词含义 “粘贴”,中考完形会考察一词多义,故选 A。 50 Practice 1.________ (action) speak louder than words. 2.The museum is just two ________ (block) away. 3.The children always enjoy ________ (decorate) the Christmas tree. 4.Mary would like to make some ________ (poster) to remind people to help animals. 5.You can’t ________ (throw) rubbish on the ground. 6.Could you ________ (hang) up the photos for me? 7.Please help me ________ (打包) these books. 8.I had a wonderful ________ (旅行) last summer. 9.I want to ________ (邀请) my friends to my new apartment. 10.—Could you ________ (遮盖) the pot with its lid? —OK, I’m coming. 11.Don’t carry too much ________ (行李) when travelling. Actions blocks decorating posters throw hang pack journey invite cover luggage 51 Practice 12.The dog is so fat that it can’t walk through the hole. So we should ________ (拉) the dog out. 13.I need to ________ (粘贴) this poster to the notice board. 14.Tim is very strong and he can ________ (举起) the box full of books. 15.It’s _______ (无礼的) to talk back to your parents. 16.My computer is ________ (die) again. I really need to buy a new one. 17.My best friend wants to become a ________ (write) when she grows up. 18.Mum is busy ________ (cook) in the kitchen now. She can’t help you. 19.Would you mind ________ (clean) the table after meals? 20.You can ________ (sweep) the floor before mum returns. 21.The children are looking forward to the ________ (arrive) of the art festival. 22.She put a blanket (毛毯) around me ________ (cover) my body whenever I felt cold. pull glue lift impolite dead writer cooking cleaning sweep arrival cover 52 Practice 23.The students ________ (点头) in agreement with the teacher last class. 24.The ________ (熟悉的) taste of the soup reminds me of my grandmother. 25.The boy is very friendly. ________ (几乎) everyone wants to make friends with him. 26.Yesterday, I needed to ________ (借) a computer for my school project. I asked my friend and she ________ me one. (借) 27.Don’t ________ (添加) too much sugar to the water. 28.Don’t leave ________ (垃圾) everywhere in the building. 29.He likes telling funny ________ (笑话) after class. 30.Please _____________(当心) the wet floor. 31.I like to ________ (分享) snacks with my classmates. 32.We have many activities in our ___________ (社区). nodded familiar Almost borrow lent add rubbish jokes be careful of share community 53 谢 谢 观 看 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 词汇天地 新人教版初中英语8年级(上) $

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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home 重点单词讲解及拓展(精讲课件)2026-2027学年八年级英语上册(新教材人教版)
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