Unit 3 Section A 1a-Prounciation(知识清单)英语新教材人教版八年级上册
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摘要:
该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 3 Same or Different的核心内容。从必背词汇入手,涵盖compare、shy等10个基础词汇,进而聚焦必会考点,包括compare的用法、be different from与the same as的对比、afraid的搭配、perform的多义及as...as...结构,再延伸至比较级易错点和join/attend/take part in等易混词辨析,构建从基础到应用的学习支架。
知识链路按“词汇-句型-语法难点-易混词辨析”逻辑递进,每个考点配备解析、例句及即时练习。通过对比表格呈现比较级规则与不规则变化,归纳易混词用法,助力学生建立知识联系,提升思维品质。即时练习强化语言应用能力,培养学生主动梳理知识的学习能力,符合初中英语学科特色。
内容正文:
Unit 3 Same or Different
Section A ( 1a-Pronunciation) 核心知识梳理
一、必背词汇
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1. 比较;对比(动词):compare
2. 害羞的(形容词):shy
3. 懒惰的;懒洋洋的(形容词):lazy
4. 响亮地(副词)&大声的(形容词):loud
5. 外向的(形容词):outgoing
6. 勤奋的(形容词):hard-working
7. 表演;执行(动词):perform
8. 独自;单独(副词&副词):alone
9. .解决;解答(动词):so1ve
10. 长笛(名词):flute
1. 比较;对比(动词):
2. 害羞的(形容词):
3. 懒惰的;懒洋洋的(形容词):
4. 响亮地(副词)&大声的(形容词):
5. 外向的(形容词):
6. 勤奋的(形容词):
7. 表演;执行(动词):
8. 独自;单独(副词&副词):
9. .解决;解答(动词):
10. 长笛(名词):
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二、必会考点
1. How do we compare with each other?我们相互之间如何比较?
【解析】 compare 及物动词,比较,对比
(1)compare A with B 同类比较,把A和B 做比较
例句:We carefully compared the first report with the second.
(2)compare A to B 异类比较,比作。也可表示与...做比较
例句:We often compare a teacher to a candle.
(3)compared with/to 和...对比,常放于句首做状语
【即时练习】
1.—Why do you look at these two dresses carefully?
—I want to ________ them and choose the better one.
A.compare B.heat C.decorate D.describe
【答案】A
2.Don’t always ________ yourself with others. You are also very excellent.
A.compare B.push C.Laugh
【答案】A
2. How are we different from each other?我们有什么不同?
【解析】 be different from(与…… 不同)
反义词组:the same ……as(与…… 相同)
be the same as 和……一样
两个词组后可跟名词、代词或名词性物主代词。
My schoolbag is the same as hers.
我的书包和她的一样。
be different from 与……不同
两个词组使用时,前后都应是同类事物。
My hobbies are different from Lucy’s.
我的爱好与露西的不同。
【拓展】:different adj.不同的→difference n.差别;差异→differently adv.不同地
3. Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone. 陈洁害怕独自表演
【知识点】(1)afraid为形容词,常见用法如下:
① be afraid of (doing) sth. 表示“害怕(做)某事”,对某事物或某种情况的恐惧。
例句:She is afraid of dogs. 她害怕狗
He is afraid of making mistakes. 他害怕犯错
② be afraid to do sth.意为“不敢做某事害怕做某事”,因害怕而不敢去做某事。
例句:Mary is afraid to go out alone at night.玛丽不敢在晚上独自出门。
③ be afraid that.后接句子,构成宾语从句.“担心……,恐怕……”
例句:I'm afraid that I can't come to the party. 我恐怕不能来参加派对了。
④ I'm afraid so/not常用的口语表达。
“I'm afraid so.”表示“恐怕是这样”;I'm afraid not.”表示“恐怕不是这样”“恐怕不行。
例句:Is it going to snow tomorrow? I'm afraid so.明天会下雪吗?恐怕会。
Can you help me with my homework? I'm afraid not. 你能作业方面帮我吗?恐怕不行。
(2)alone 形容词/副词
形容词, 在句中做表语,不能做定语
例句:I don’t like being alone at home
副词, 在句中作状语,相当于by oneself
例句:Jack is afraid to go out alone at night .杰克晚上不敢独自外出
【即时练习】
1.She is afraid of ________ in front of many people.
A.perform B.performing C.performed D.to perform
【答案】B
2.—Look! The service robot in this restaurant is so cool.
—Yes. It can ________ different tasks like delivering food to our room.
A.spend B.protect C.believe D.perform
【答案】D
4. Why don't you perform?你为什么不表演呢?
【知识点】perform v.表演,演出;执行,履行,做;表现,运转
例如:The band will perform on stage tonight. 这支乐队今晚将在舞台上表演。
You should perform your duty.你应该履行自己的职责。
The new car performs well on long-distance drives. 这辆新车在长途行驶中性能良好。
(1)performance n.表演;演出;表现;业绩
例如:The performance was a great success.这场演出非常成功。
(2)performer n. 表演者。
例如:The performers on stage were very talented.舞台上的表演者都很有才华。
5. I’m not as outgoing as you.我不像你那么外向。
【知识点】(1)as...as...的用法
① 结构与用法
肯定形式:A + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B (A和B一样.......)
Your schoolbag is as beautiful as mine.(你的包和我的一样好看。)
否定形式:A + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B (A不如B)
This problem is not as easy as I thought.(这个问题没有我想象的容易)
He doesn't run so fast as his brother.(他跑得不如弟弟快。)
②原级与比较级互换
A + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B
=A+形容词反义词的比较级 + than + B
=B + 形容词的比较级 + than + A
He isn’t as tall as me.他没有我高.
同义句:He is shorter than me.
I am taller than him .
(2)outgoing 外向的,开朗的,爱交际(形容人性格)
反义词:quiet /shy/silent 害羞、内向
例:She is an outgoing girl. 她是一个性格开朗的女孩。
【常见搭配】be outgoing 性格外向
be outgoing with sb. 对人随和、善于与人相处
more outgoing than… 比…… 更外向(比较级核心句型)
【即时练习】
1.My sister is very ________. She always enjoys parties and has many friends.
A.shy B.outgoing C.strict
【答案】B
1. 比较级的易错点
形容词和副词的比较级一般分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:
构成方法
比较级
比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般情况下,比较级词尾加-er
taller; shorter; faster
以字母 e结尾的词,比较级词尾加-r
larger ;later
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,然后比较级词尾加-er
bigger; fatter; thinner
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先
把 y 改为i,然后比较级词尾加-er
easier; heavier; earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词
词前加 more 构成比较级
more beautiful; more popular
不规则变化如下:
原级
比较级
good/ well
better
bad/badly
worse
many / much
more
little
less
farther
farther
further
2. join, attend与take part in
词汇
意义及用法
常见搭配
join
“参加;加入”,侧重指加入某个党派、团体、组织等,并成为其中一员。也可接人作宾语。
join the army/party(党派)/team/club...
join sb. in (doing) sth. 加入某人干...
attend
“出席,参加”,指出席会议,婚礼,讲座,葬礼,课程等,自己不一定起积极作用。
attend a meeting.
take part in
“参与”,表示参加会议或活动,且在其中发挥一定作用。
Take part in a discussion/an activity/a fight/a celebration...
3. hard-working & work hard & hard work 的辨析
hard-working
形容词
工作努力的,勤奋的,可作定语会表语
work hard
动词短语
努力工作/学习,hard是副词,修饰动词work
hard work
名词短语
辛苦的工作,hard是形容词,修饰不可数名词work
例句:The hard-working girl works hard ,and because of her hard work ,she gets good grades every time .
这个勤奋的女孩很努力,由于很用功,她每次都能取得好成绩。
$Unit 3 Same or Different
Section A ( 1a-Pronunciation) 核心知识梳理
一、必背词汇
(
1
/
11
)学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. 比较;对比(动词):compare
2. 害羞的(形容词):shy
3. 懒惰的;懒洋洋的(形容词):lazy
4. 响亮地(副词)&大声的(形容词):loud
5. 外向的(形容词):outgoing
6. 勤奋的(形容词):hard-working
7. 表演;执行(动词):perform
8. 独自;单独(副词&副词):alone
9. .解决;解答(动词):so1ve
10. 长笛(名词):flute
1. 比较;对比(动词):
2. 害羞的(形容词):
3. 懒惰的;懒洋洋的(形容词):
4. 响亮地(副词)&大声的(形容词):
5. 外向的(形容词):
6. 勤奋的(形容词):
7. 表演;执行(动词):
8. 独自;单独(副词&副词):
9. .解决;解答(动词):
10. 长笛(名词):
(
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11
)学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
二、必会考点
1. How do we compare with each other?我们相互之间如何比较?
【解析】 compare 及物动词,比较,对比
(1)compare A with B 同类比较,把A和B 做比较
例句:We carefully compared the first report with the second.
(2)compare A to B 异类比较,比作。也可表示与...做比较
例句:We often compare a teacher to a candle.
(3)compared with/to 和...对比,常放于句首做状语
【即时练习】
1.—Why do you look at these two dresses carefully?
—I want to ________ them and choose the better one.
A.compare B.heat C.decorate D.describe
2.Don’t always ________ yourself with others. You are also very excellent.
A.compare B.push C.laugh
2. How are we different from each other?我们有什么不同?
【解析】 be different from(与…… 不同)
反义词组:the same ……as(与…… 相同)
be the same as 和……一样
两个词组后可跟名词、代词或名词性物主代词。
My schoolbag is the same as hers.
我的书包和她的一样。
be different from 与……不同
两个词组使用时,前后都应是同类事物。
My hobbies are different from Lucy’s.
我的爱好与露西的不同。
【拓展】:different adj.不同的→difference n.差别;差异→differently adv.不同地
3. Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone. 陈洁害怕独自表演
【知识点】(1)afraid为形容词,常见用法如下:
① be afraid of (doing) sth. 表示“害怕(做)某事”,对某事物或某种情况的恐惧。
例句:She is afraid of dogs. 她害怕狗
He is afraid of making mistakes. 他害怕犯错
② be afraid to do sth.意为“不敢做某事害怕做某事”,因害怕而不敢去做某事。
例句:Mary is afraid to go out alone at night.玛丽不敢在晚上独自出门。
③ be afraid that.后接句子,构成宾语从句.“担心……,恐怕……”
例句:I'm afraid that I can't come to the party. 我恐怕不能来参加派对了。
④ I'm afraid so/not常用的口语表达。
“I'm afraid so.”表示“恐怕是这样”;I'm afraid not.”表示“恐怕不是这样”“恐怕不行。
例句:Is it going to snow tomorrow? I'm afraid so.明天会下雪吗?恐怕会。
Can you help me with my homework? I'm afraid not. 你能作业方面帮我吗?恐怕不行。
(2)alone 形容词/副词
形容词, 在句中做表语,不能做定语
例句:I don’t like being alone at home
副词, 在句中作状语,相当于by oneself
例句:Jack is afraid to go out alone at night .杰克晚上不敢独自外出
【即时练习】
1.She is afraid of ________ in front of many people.
A.perform B.performing C.performed D.to perform
2.—Look! The service robot in this restaurant is so cool.
—Yes. It can ________ different tasks like delivering food to our room.
A.spend B.protect C.believe D.perform
4. Why don't you perform?你为什么不表演呢?
【知识点】perform v.表演,演出;执行,履行,做;表现,运转
例如:The band will perform on stage tonight. 这支乐队今晚将在舞台上表演。
You should perform your duty.你应该履行自己的职责。
The new car performs well on long-distance drives. 这辆新车在长途行驶中性能良好。
(1)performance n.表演;演出;表现;业绩
例如:The performance was a great success.这场演出非常成功。
(2)performer n. 表演者。
例如:The performers on stage were very talented.舞台上的表演者都很有才华。
5. I’m not as outgoing as you.我不像你那么外向。
【知识点】(1)as...as...的用法
① 结构与用法
肯定形式:A + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B (A和B一样.......)
Your schoolbag is as beautiful as mine.(你的包和我的一样好看。)
否定形式:A + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B (A不如B)
This problem is not as easy as I thought.(这个问题没有我想象的容易)
He doesn't run so fast as his brother.(他跑得不如弟弟快。)
②原级与比较级互换
A + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B
=A+形容词反义词的比较级 + than + B
=B + 形容词的比较级 + than + A
He isn’t as tall as me.他没有我高.
同义句:He is shorter than me.
I am taller than him .
(2)outgoing 外向的,开朗的,爱交际(形容人性格)
反义词:quiet /shy/silent 害羞、内向
例:She is an outgoing girl. 她是一个性格开朗的女孩。
【常见搭配】be outgoing 性格外向
be outgoing with sb. 对人随和、善于与人相处
more outgoing than… 比…… 更外向(比较级核心句型)
【即时练习】
1.My sister is very ________. She always enjoys parties and has many friends.
A.shy B.outgoing C.strict
1. 比较级的易错点
形容词和副词的比较级一般分为规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化如下:
构成方法
比较级
比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般情况下,比较级词尾加-er
taller; shorter; faster
以字母 e结尾的词,比较级词尾加-r
larger ;later
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写该辅音字母,然后比较级词尾加-er
bigger; fatter; thinner
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先
把 y 改为i,然后比较级词尾加-er
easier; heavier; earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词
词前加 more 构成比较级
more beautiful; more popular
不规则变化如下:
原级
比较级
good/ well
better
bad/badly
worse
many / much
more
little
less
farther
farther
further
2. join, attend与take part in
词汇
意义及用法
常见搭配
join
“参加;加入”,侧重指加入某个党派、团体、组织等,并成为其中一员。也可接人作宾语。
join the army/party(党派)/team/club...
join sb. in (doing) sth. 加入某人干...
attend
“出席,参加”,指出席会议,婚礼,讲座,葬礼,课程等,自己不一定起积极作用。
attend a meeting.
take part in
“参与”,表示参加会议或活动,且在其中发挥一定作用。
Take part in a discussion/an activity/a fight/a celebration...
3. hard-working & work hard & hard work 的辨析
hard-working
形容词
工作努力的,勤奋的,可作定语会表语
work hard
动词短语
努力工作/学习,hard是副词,修饰动词work
hard work
名词短语
辛苦的工作,hard是形容词,修饰不可数名词work
例句:The hard-working girl works hard ,and because of her hard work ,she gets good grades every time .
这个勤奋的女孩很努力,由于很用功,她每次都能取得好成绩。
$
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