内容正文:
Welcome Unit
Discovering Useful Structures
Learning objectives
In this class, you will
1. Know the basic sentence components.
2. Learn to know the types of sentence.
3. Be able to analyze the basic sentence structures.
Content: analyse basic sentence structure
S (subject)
V (verb)
O (object)
DO (direct object)
IO (indirect object)
C (object complement)
主语
动作的发出者
谓语
动作
宾语
动作的承担者
直接宾语
动作的实际承担者
间接宾语
动作的最终服务对象
宾语补足语
对宾语状态的补充说明
8种基本句型及对应动词类型
1. SV 主谓 不及物动词
2. S V O 主谓宾 及物动词
3. S VP 主系表 系动词
4. SV IO DO 主谓双宾(间接宾语+直接宾语)及物动词
5. S V O OC 主谓宾宾补 及物动词
6. SVA 主谓状
7.SVOA 主谓宾状
8.There be句型
认识主干三兄弟
1.猫醒了
2.猫吃了早饭
3.鱼尝起来很美味
主谓
主谓宾
主系表
醒了
吃了
尝起来
The cat woke up.
The cat ate breakfast.
The fish tasted delicious!
1. 主谓 SV:主语+谓语(不及物动词)
主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。这种句型中的谓语动词为_不及物动词_______,不能直接接宾语,__无__(有/无)被动语态。
例:(1)The exchange students / are registering.
(2)We / breathe, drink and eat.
常见的不及物动词有: appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise等等。
2. 主谓宾 SVO:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
这种句型中的谓语动词必须是及物动词或动词短语。
例:He is watching TV.
Our class / hold / a speaking contest last week.
3. 主系表SVP:主语+系动词+表语
常见的系动词:
1.五感:feel, smell, taste, sound, look
2. 四变:get, become, grow, turn
3. 三保持:stay, keep, remain
4. 一是一像:be , seem
给句子“加戏”-升级版动作
1.猫给我一个小纸团
2.我发现小猫很聪明
主谓双宾
主谓宾补
The cat gave me a small paper ball
I found the cat smart.
4. 主谓双宾 SV+IO+DO:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语,一般指人的宾语称为___间接宾语_____,指物的宾语称为___直接宾语_____。
例:(1) My sister told me a story.
(2)The professor gave us an exciting lecture.
此句型中必须有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。若要先直宾,后间宾,则要借助与介词to 或for
to型:give/send/show/lend/offer/pass/tell
for型:buy/cook/make/prepare
Mr Smith gave me some advice.= Mr Smith gave some advice to me.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
I showed him my picture.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
He bought his son a bicycle.= He bought a bicycle for his son.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
双宾 = 间接宾语(多指人)+直接宾语(多指物)
5. 主谓宾宾补 S+V+O+C
宾语补足语可以由名词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或介词短语等充当。
常见的加宾语补足语的动词:find、consider、feel、catch、spot、discover、get、have、make、keep等
区别双宾:有逻辑上主谓关系
例:(1)The teacher made this student happy.
(2)They painted the door green.
The door is green
The student is happy
给句子“安家”-
描述发生背景
The cat lay on the sofa.
动作本身
SVA
I threw some balls in front of it.
动作对象和地点
SVOA
There is a sleeping cat at the end of sofa.
整个场景
There be句型
Summary: Eight Basic Sentence Structures
1. S + V 2. S + V + O
3. S + Link‑V + P 4. S + V + IO + DO
5. S + V + O + OC 6. S V A
7. S VO A 8.There be
Tip: One subject‑verb pair = one simple sentence.
谢谢聆听!
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING
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