摘要:
**基本信息**
以“家庭帮助”主题为核心,系统整合职业词汇、家务动词及功能句型,通过分类梳理与梯度练习,培养语言应用能力与学习策略。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|词汇分类|7类核心词汇|按词性(名/动/形)+主题(职业/家务)分类,结合冠词用法与词形变化规则|从具体职业名词到家务动词短语,构建主题词汇网络|
|句型结构|5类功能句型|分功能(身份确认/职业询问/能力表达等)讲解句型结构、回答方式及语法注意事项(如this/that回答用it)|从基础句型到语法拓展(三单现),形成“结构-应用”逻辑链|
|巩固练习|4类题型|不同类单词题强化词汇分类,适当形式填空聚焦语法应用,单项选择训练句型辨析,补全句子综合语言输出|从词汇辨析到语法应用再到综合表达,实现能力梯度提升|
内容正文:
人教PEP版英语四年级上册
Unit 1 Helping at Home 基础知识总结及练习
一、词汇
(一)名词(职业类)
doctor 医生(可数名词,复数doctors)。例:My father is a doctor.
farmer 农场主;农民(可数名词,复数farmers)。例:The farmer works on a farm.
nurse 护士(可数名词,复数nurses)。例:She is a kind nurse.
worker 工人(可数名词,复数workers)。例:They are workers.
office worker 公司职员(office前用an,因为office以元音音素开头)。例:He is an office worker.
factory worker 工厂工人(factory前用a,factory以辅音音素开头)。例:My uncle is a factory worker.
cook 厨师(可数名词,复数cooks),也可作动词“烹饪”。例:The cook can cook well.
(二)动词及动词短语
cook 烹饪;做饭(及物/不及物动词)。第三人称单数:cooks;过去式:cooked;现在分词:cooking。
clean 打扫;清洁(及物动词)。例:clean the room(打扫房间),clean the window(擦窗户)。第三人称单数:cleans。
sweep 扫;打扫(及物动词)。常与floor搭配:sweep the floor(扫地)。第三人称单数:sweeps;过去式:swept。
look after 照顾;照料(动词短语,相当于take care of)。例:look after my little sister(照顾我的小妹妹)。注意人称代词作宾语时放中间:look after her/him/them。
(三)形容词及其他
busy 忙碌的(反义词free 空闲的)。常用结构:be busy with sth.(忙于某事);be busy doing sth.(忙于做某事)。
tired 疲倦的;累的(形容词)。常用结构:feel tired(感觉累了);be tired after...(在……之后累了)。
helpful 有帮助的;乐于助人的(形容词,由help + -ful构成)。例:She is a helpful girl.
chore 家庭杂务;日常琐事(可数名词,复数chores)。常用短语:do chores(做家务)。
floor 地板;地面(可数名词,复数floors)。例:The floor is clean.
together 在一起;共同(副词)。例:Let's do it together.
people 人;人们(集合名词,本身表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数)。例:These people are helpful.
also 也(副词,用于肯定句,放在实义动词前、be动词/助动词/情态动词后)。例:I can also sweep the floor.
二、重点短语
do chores 做家务(同义短语:do housework)
sweep the floor 扫地
clean the room 打扫房间
cook food / cook meals 做饭
look after sb. 照顾某人
help parents with chores 帮父母做家务(help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人)
work in a hospital 在医院工作(work in + 地点)
have a rest 休息一下(rest为可数名词,have a rest相当于take a rest)
wash the dishes 洗碗(dish常用复数dishes)
make the bed 整理床铺
water the flowers 浇花
feed the pet 喂宠物
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
三、重点句型结构与用法详解
(一)确认某人身份的句型
Is this / that your + 家庭成员名词? 这是/那是你的……吗?
肯定回答:Yes, it is. 否定回答:No, it isn't.
注意:无论问的是this还是that,回答时都用it来代替,不用this或that。同时,如果问的是Is he/she...? 则用Yes, he/she is. 或 No, he/she isn't. 回答。
(二)询问职业的句型
What's your + 家庭成员名词's + job? 你……的工作是什么?
回答:He / She is a / an + 职业名词.
注意:家庭成员名词后要加's表示“……的”,如 mother's(妈妈的),father's(爸爸的)。当职业名词以元音音素开头时(如office worker, artist),不定冠词用an;以辅音音素开头时(如doctor, farmer, nurse, worker, cook),用a。
(三)询问或表达能力的句型
What can you do for your family? 你能为你的家人做什么?
回答:I can + 动词原形 + 其他. 例:I can sweep the floor.
拓展:What can we do for...? 我们能给……做什么?用于提建议或商量。
注意:情态动词can表示“能;会”,其后必须接动词原形,不受主语人称和数的影响。
(四)提出建议的句型
Let's + 动词原形 + 其他. 让我们……吧。
例:Let's clean the room. 让我们打扫房间吧。
注意:Let's是Let us的缩写,后接动词原形,表示建议对方和自己一起做某事。回答可以用OK. / Great. / Good idea.
(五)一般现在时(第三人称单数)
当主语是he / she / it 或单数名词(如my father, the cook)时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即动词加-s或-es。
规则:一般情况下直接加-s,如cook→cooks,clean→cleans,sweep→sweeps;
以s, x, sh, ch, o结尾的加-es;如watch→watches;
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i再加-es。如study→studies;
例:My mother cooks dinner every day. / My father sweeps the floor.
Unit 1 Helping at Home 基础知识巩固练习
一:找出每组单词中不同类的一项,并将序号填在题前括号内。
( ) 1. A. doctor B. nurse C. job D. worker
( ) 2. A. cook B. sweep C. clean D. busy
( ) 3. A. PE B. China C. English D. maths
( ) 4. A. father B. mother C. sister D. worker
( ) 5. A. my B. your C. his D. he
( ) 6. A. chair B. floor C. clean D. room
( ) 7. A. also B. too C. together D. cook
二:用所给单词的适当形式填空,每空一词。
1. My mother is a ______ (farm). She works on a big farm.
2. My uncle can ______ (cook) very delicious food for us.
3. Let's ______ (sweep) the floor before dinner.
4. My father is very ______ (tire) after a long day's work.
5. I often ______ (clean) my bedroom on Saturday mornings.
6. My sister is a kind ______ (nurse) in a children's hospital.
7. People in my family ______ (be) all very busy.
8. My grandma ______ (look) after my little cousin every day.
三:单项选择,将正确答案的序号填在题前括号内。
( ) 1. —Is this your mother? —______. She is my aunt.
A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn't C. Yes, she is
( ) 2. —______ your father's job? —He is a factory worker.
A. What B. What's C. How's
( ) 3. My brother is ______ office worker in a big company.
A. a B. an C. the
( ) 4. I can help my parents ______ the housework.
A. do B. does C. doing
( ) 5. My little sister is too young. I often ______ her at home.
A. look at B. look after C. look for
( ) 6. Let's ______ a rest after all this work.
A. have B. has C. having
( ) 7. My parents ______ busy with their work every day.
A. is B. am C. are
( ) 8. —What can you do for your family? —I ______ cook dinner.
A. can B. am C. do
四:根据中文或首字母提示,补全句子(每空一词)。
1. —W______ can you do for your family? —I can sweep the floor.
2. My grandma is a c______. She makes great cakes for us.
3. Let's c______ the room before the guests come.
4. My father is a f______ worker. He works in a car factory.
5. We can a______ make a beautiful card for Mum.
6. My parents are too tired. They need to have a r______ after dinner.
7. 让我们一起扫地吧。(翻译成英文)
______ ______ the floor together.
参考答案
一、1. C(job是“工作”,其余是具体职业);
2. D(busy是形容词,其余是动词);
3. B(China是国家,其余是学科名称);
4. D(worker是职业,其余是家庭成员称呼);
5. D(he是人称代词主格,其余是形容词性物主代词);
6. C(clean是动词,其余是名词);
7. D(cook是动词/名词,其余是副词)。
二、1. farmer;2. cook;3. sweep;4. tired;5. clean;6. nurse;7. are(people为复数意义);8. looks(主语My grandma为第三人称单数)。
三、1. B(问this,答it,且由后句“她是我阿姨”可知是否定);
2. B(询问职业用What's,即What is的缩写);
3. B(office以元音音素开头,用an);
4. A(help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事,do用原形);
5. B(look after照顾);
6. A(Let's后接动词原形);
7. C(parents为复数,be动词用are);
8. A(can后接动词原形,表示能力)。
四、1. What;2. cook;3. clean;4. factory;5. also;6. rest;7. Let's sweep。
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