上海复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期辅导练习10英语试卷

2026眉高三琳子练习(10) 2025.11 . Listening Comprehenslon Section A Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations betwcen two speakers.At the end of cach conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and dccidc which onc is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1.A.Use a ladder to help her rcach the cup. B.See a doctor about her shoulder. C.Put the cup on a lower shelf. D.Buy a new cupboard. 2.A.He has already called Harry. B.Harry knows most of the facts. C.He nccds to talk to Harry soon. D.Harry doesn't have a telcphone. 3.A.The new doctor lacks cxpcricnce. B.She disagrecs with what the man said. C.The man had bcttcr talk with the patients first. D.Patients usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4.A.Take the man to the station. B.Look after the man's things. C.Find out when the next bus leaves. D.Show the man the way to the station. 5.A.He was good at fixing up bookshelves. B.He helped James build up the furniture C.James helped him arrange the fumiture. D.James helped him with some of the work. 6.A.It's difficult to take photographs indoors. B.The photo album is in the living room. C.Mary has lost the photo album. D.Mary is a good photographer. 7.A.The job's short hours make it impossible for her to refuse. B.The job is tuming into an excellent opportunity for her. C.She's looking forward to mecting her new colleagues. D.She refused the position becausc of the low salary. 8.A.He had to do what is necessary in order to leam. B.He doesn't have to memorize all the vocabulary. C.He knows the whole vocabulary list already. D.He cannot leam much by just memorizing. 9.A.It's not the one he likes. B.He needs a smaller shirt C.It doesn't fit him very well. D.He hasn't had time to try it on yet. 10.A.The linc for concert tickets is too busy. B.He's too busy to go to the conccrt. C.Carl knows the concert is at eight. D.He hasn't been able to reach Carl. Scction B Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a 1 qucstion,rcad the four possible answers on your paper and dccide which onc would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Qucstions 11 through 13 arc based on the following passage. 11.A.In the 19th ccntury. B.In about 1800s. C.In the 18th ccntury. D.In about 2400 BC. 12.A.The language uscd. B.The targeted readers. C.The reputation. D.The length. 13.A.The evolution of self-study books. B.The importance of self-study books. C.The difference among self-study books. D.The famous writcrs of sclf-study books. Qucstions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14.A.The reasons railroad regulations in the U.S.A were changed. B.The safety record of the railroad industry in the U.S.A. C.The financing of railroad construction in the U.S.A. D.The evolution of the railroad industry in the U.S.A. 15.A.Safety problems with railroad tracks. B.The growth of the automotive industry. C.The use of oversized freight containers. D.The high cost of meeting various regulations. 16.A.It causcs less air pollution than other means of transport. B.Its competitors arc less considerate of customers. C.It creates great personal fortunes for investors. D.Its business is kept in a traditional way. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17.A.To ear money for her tuition. B.To make her dream come true. C.To make preparations for her future job. D.To ensure that she has time for acting work 18.A.Serious. B.Funny. C.Experienced. D.Demanding. 19.A.It involves many theories. B.He must get an advanced camera. C.He hasn't leamed physics before. D.It occupies much of his spare time. 20.A.He is more willing to do something. B.He has stopped working late. C.He can go to sleep early. D.He feels more relaxed. II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank Evcrywhcre I look,there are new buildings under construction.The neighborhoods that I knew as a boy,filled with beautiful old buildings,have mostly disappeared,and(21)their 2 place,anonvmous.modem,high-risc buildings have appeared.If we continuc in this way,nothing (22)(remain)of our hcritage;soon I will no longer recognize my city.(23)is left of the city's traditional buildings and neighborhoods must be preserved and it is impcrative that this process begins now. Historic preservation has become popular all over the world in rccent years,but many countries around the world have opted for dcmolition and ncw construction over preservation. There is good reason for this;as the population has become(24)(wealthy),residents want all the convenicnces of modem living.However,the built cnvironment should be more than shiny ncw buildings with air conditioning and washing machines;it should also reflect the beauty of our culture and heritage.How(25)our children understand and maintain their cultural identity if we crasc so much of the physical cvidence of (26)?Will they recognize a barjeel,the wind towers(27)once provided natural air conditioning for buildings all over the region?Will they understand the significance of mashrabivus.the delicatelv carved wooden windows that provide a sercen against the outside world?No (28)they are all here to stay. The arguments for prescrving historic buildings are not simply about an emotional atachment to the past There are also good cconomic arguments in favour of preservation.The renovation and preservation of historic districts can become an economic engine,(29)(draw) tourists and small busincsses to the arca.There are several good examples of this in the Middle East.In Dubai,the historic Al Bastikiya district draws thousands of tourists every year from all over the world.It also attracts local residents,cager to leam about their city's past.It has beautifully been rcstored and is now a centre for traditional crafts,(30) rug weaving and basket making.International visitors arc not only intcrested in shopping centres;they also want to leam about our culture and traditions like these. Section B Dircctions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.serve b affects -mcasurc D.swallow AB locate AC.snap AD.roughly B..hammer BD.turns -CD.level ABC.outweigh People joke about asking horses,"Why the long face?"We should redirect this question to hammerhead sharks.Their famous head cxtensions,called ccphalofolis ()(31)three feet from cyc to eye in a ccrlain casc.And scientists arc still trying to find out exactly what purposcs they (32) A study published in Scicntific Reports has cxplored how the sharks'strangely shaped head (33)how they swim.The rescarchers found,it did not secm to generate lift()In fact, it added a lot of drag(),according to Glenn R.Parsons,a shark specialist at the University of Mississippi and one of the new paper's authors.Some hammerheads may nced to use (34) 10 times as much force as other sharks just to get through the water. There are some benefits to having a hammer for a head.Most cxperts agree that the widely spaced eyes,nostrils and clectroreceptors()enabled by the cephalofoli's shape allow the hunters to more accurately (35)their prey.The heads can also serve as weapons.Biologists have observed a female use her head to(6)a stingray(黄貂鱼) 3 But you have to wonder what it's like to swim around with that thing.In his more than 40 years of shark watching,Dr.Parsons has noticed that hammcrheads are particularly nimble."Thcy make these real quick (37),"he said.Maybe,he thought,the head shape improved maneuverability.Or pcrhaps it helps them fight gravity by providing lift,like an airplanc wing. To investigate,Dr.Parsons and his colleagues turned to computational fluid dynamics( 流体动力学)一a mcthod familiar to aircraft and submarine designers.When a hammerhead's cephalofoli was (38).-as is typical when they are swimming-it did not generate lift,the rescarchers found.But as soon as the ccphalofoli was tipped up or down,the force quickly came into play,enabling a rapid ascent or descent.This may help to explain why hammerheads are "much more mobile than a typical shark,"said Dr.Parsons.He thinks the skill may help them (39)up tood from the sea floor. The researchers also measured how much drag the cephalofolis produced.The winghead shark,which has the largest hammer,appears to be dealing with "20 to 40 times the amount of drag"as a typical fish,Dr.Parsons said.Such a head,he added,seems like "a pain in the butt," although the benefits it provides must(40)the costs. III.Reading Comprehension SectionA Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Doctors are scientists who operate in a world of statistics,odds and probability.Yet they've long been taught that when dealing with patients they should convey a reassuring level of confidence and certainty.(41),patients expect their doctors to give them a clear diagnosis and a straightforward course of treatment But now that information about every modical condition imaginable is just a few clicks away,experts arc asking whether doctors'apparent(42)when communicating with their patients actually does more harm than good.With the information overload brought by the progress of medicine and technology answers are (43)black or white.Medical schools are only just starting to teach doctors how to deal with this,and patients'expectations haven't(44),either. "Medicine has always fallen short of the sort of certainty that we find in math and gcometry",says Dr.Ross Upshur,a researcher at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health in Toronto."If you think about knowledge and what it does,it's about (45)uncertainty,not about crcating certainty." Doctors in training,like gamblcrs,nccd to be (46)working in a field in which they're constantly weighing the odds based on a myriad of factors.When Upshur teaches medical students how to diagnose an ailment,he tells them to (47)their inquiry-come up with a list of possibilities,rather than quickly home in on a single solution."Even when you make a diagnosis that you think is firm,you usually don't have certainty about what would be the best (48)and what the outcomes will be in the long run." Technology has helped(49)the quest for certainty.We are reaching a point where we can feed a list of symptoms into a computer and get a more(50)diagnosis than from a doctor.Dr.Richard Schwartzstein,a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School,sees such developments as both a(n)(51)and an opportunity.On onc hand,he says,"tcchnology trics to push you to a(n)(52)level of certainty.Do this test to get a 99 percent level of certainty that you have this discase." On the other hand,computcrs can't (53) a diagnosis or a treatment to patients in a comforting way.Take a routinc screcning test for early-stage lung cancer.Based on your age, your smoking status,and your gender,a computer can do a great job of evaluating the chanccs of finding a cancerous nodule(寤症结节).It can also(54)_quite precisely the risk of devcloping an actual cancer based on the size and shape of a nodule.What it can't do,however,is decide how to (55)the news that you have a nodule in your lung that has a 1 percent chance of becoming a cancer. 41.A.On one hand B.All in all C.As a rcsult D.Above all 42.A.hesitation B.conviction C.confusion D.certainty 43.A.frcquently B.generally C.rarcly D.barely 44.A.alcrted B.vanished C.faded D.adjusted 45.A.limiting B.gathering C.ignoring D.incrcasing 46.A.resistant to B.reluctant to C.accustomed to D.inclined to 47.A.narrow B.justify C.clarify D.broaden 48.A.hcaling B.cure C.diagnosis D.defense 49.A.enlighten B.redefine C.hinder D.complicate 50.A.accurate B.straightforward C.vague D.effective 51.A.challenge B.push C.stretch D.endurance 52.A.stable B.maximal C.favorable D.ultimate 53.A.keep B.confine C.communicate D.indicate 54.A.conclude B.estimate C.project D.calculate 55.A.break B.report C.inform D.interpret Section B DIrections:Read the following threc passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) One day last summer,I called Athena,a 13-year-old who lives in Houston,Texas.She answered her phone-she's had an iPhone since she was 11.We chatted about her favourite songs and TV shows,and I asked her what she likes to do with her friends."We go to the mall,"she said. "Do your parents drop you off?,"I asked,recalling my own middle-school days,in the 1980s, when I'd enjoy a few parcnt-frce hours shopping with my friends."No-I go with my family,"she replied."We'll go with my mom and brothers and walk a little behind them." Thosc mall trips arc infrequent-about once a month.More often,Athena and her friends spend time together on their phones.Unlike the teens of my generation,who might have spent an evening tying up the family landline with gossip,they talk on Snapchat,the smartphone app that allows users to send pictures and videos that quickly disappcar.She told me she'd spent most of the summer hanging out alone in her room with her phone.That's just the way her generation is, she said."We didn't have a choice to know any life without iPads or iPhones.I think we like our phones morc than we like actual people." I've been rescarching gencrational differcnces for 25 years.Typically,the characteristics that come to definc a gencration appear gradually,and along a continuum.Beliefs and bchaviors that were alrcady rising simply continuc to do so.Millennials,for instancc,arc a highly individualistic gencration,but individualism had bcen incrcasing since the Baby Boomers turned on,tuncd in, and dropped out.I had grown accustomed to linc graphs of trends that looked like modest hills and vallcys.Then I began studying Athena's gencration. Around 2012,I noticed suddcn shifts in teen behaviors and cmotional states.The gentle slopes of the linc graphs became stecp mountains and cliffs,and many of the distinctive characteristics of the Millennial generation began to disappcar.In all my analyses of generational data-some reaching back to the 1930s-I had never sccn anything like it. At first I thought these might be blips,but the trends persisted,across several years and a scries of national surveys.The changes weren't just in degree,but in kind.The biggest difference between the Millennials and their predecessors was in how they vicwed the world;teens today differ from the Millcnnials not just in their views but in how they spend their time.The experiences they have every day are grcatly different from those of the generation that came of age just a few years before them. 56.According to the passage,how are Athena and her friends diffcrent from the teens of the writer's gencration? A.Thcy do less shopping. B.They are better at taking pictures. C.They go out with friends less oftcn. D.They get along better with their parents. 57.Which of the following graphs best illustrates the writer's description in second sentence of paragraph 4? A. B 58.The word "blips"(in paragraph 5)is closest in meaning to"". A.generational differences B.inevitable trends C.large-scale shifts D.temporary changes 59.What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? 6 A.Smartphones gencrally do more hann than good to teenagers. B.Therc is a fundamental difference between today's teens and the millcnnials. C.Teen behaviors and cmotional states are harder to predict than those of other age groups. D.Individualism emerged and disappeared as the Baby Boomers turnod on and dropped out. (B) Top Apps for Climate Activists The world population is at 7 billion and it's predicted that by the cnd of this year there will be one smartphone for every five people in the world.That's a lot of phones and a lot of information litcrally at our fingcrtips. Information is constantly changing and those of us working hard to protect the environment for ourselves and future gencrations need to have access to up-to-datc material.Being a climate change activist can be time consuming.But...There's an app (or ten)for that!The number of apps out there is staggering. With thesc apps you'll be amazed at how easy it is to stay in the know when it comes to your health,and the hcalth of the environment. Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel (iOS-Frce)This app allows passengers to estimate the carbon emissions attributed to their air travel.It is simple to usc--just select your origin and destination airports,specify the class of travel and number of passengers.View the carbon footprint and the distance traveled for your trip. 空ooducate. Fooducate iOS and Android-S 4.99 This app empowers food shoppers everywhere to make healtby,informed decisions while at the supermarket.Scan your food and Fooducate generates a letter grade(A,B.C,or D)for each product scanned,along with brief explanations and wamings about its nutrients and ingredients. There is also an option to enter the bar code manually.The app will recommend minimally proccssed,real foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants. Locavore(iOS and Android-Free)If you're looking for the closest farmers market selling your favorite in season produce,then Locavore is the app for you.Locavore is a great app for those searching for local,in season,organic foods in your area.The app has one-click access to thousands of healthy,seasonal recipes and other information that can be shared with your friends and family. I like how the app not only lets you know which fruits and veggies are in season-it also lets you know how long they'll be in season. Zimride(iOS and Android-Free)Ridesharing apps are all the rage. Zimride is a new spin on ridesharing,using social nctworks to enable real connections.Once you set up a profilc you are able to book a ride in your area,or post a ride of your own.Drivers can charge for rides and Zimride doesn't take a cut.Rides seem to be reasonably priccd and since profilcs are linked with Facebook it's casy to check out your potential ride companions. 60.According to this text,the author rccommends APPs because A.those APPs could help people gain the up-to-date material B.thosc APPs could forecast the changing climate accurately C.those APPs arc designed to protect the environment for us D.those APPs are frce for those people who have a designated phone 61.Suppose you are committed to a sustainable diet by consuming locally sourced,seasonal produce,which Apps should you download? A.Carbon Emission Calculator for Air Travel and Zimride B.Fooducate and Zimride C.Locavore and Fooducate D.Zimride and Locavorc 62.Which of the following is true about the APPs mentioned in this passage? A.Carbon Emissions Calculator for Air Travel could calculate the accurate carbon emissions of passengers. B.Locavore can not only tell us which fruits and meat are in season,it also tells us how long they'll be in season. C.Zimride will charge for rides and then take a cut and the rest belongs to drivers. L Fooducate will recommend minimally processed foods which are naturally rich in nutrients and antioxidants. (C) Business innovation is an organization's process for introducing new ideas,workflows methodologies,services or products.Like IT innovation,which calls for using technology in new ways to create a more efficient and agile organization,business innovation should enable the achievement of goals across the entire organization,with sights set on accomplishing core business aims and initiatives.Innovation oftcn begins with idea generation,whereas ideas are narrowed down during brainstorming sessions,after which leaders consider the business viability, feasibility and desirability of each idea.Business innovation should improve one existing products, services or processes:or it should solve a problem;or it should reach new customers.Recent examples of business innovation includc the introduction of the Dyson vacuum cleaner,whose creator and namesake James Dyson declared in advertisements that he set out to build a better product by applying industrial cyclone technologies to the household appliance. The purpose of the business innovation process is to create value for the organization.That value can come from creating new revenuc opportunitics or driving more revenue through existing channels:from creating efficiencies that save time,moncy or both;or from improvements to productivity or performance.In short,innovation should lead to higher profits.Additionally,the results of an organization's innovation process should yield a competitive advantage:it should 8 hclp the organization to grow and reach--or,better still,excecd-strategic objectives. Innovation and invention are closely linked,but the two terms are hardly intcrchangcable.An invention is an entirely new creation.The process of business innovation can produce an invention, but the term is broader in scope and includes the application of an existing concept or practice in a new way,or applying new technology to an existing product or process to improve upon it.To beitcr understand the difference,consider this:The telephone is an invention,but the smartphone is an innovation. Business innovation can also be classificd as cither rcvolutionary or cvolutionary. Rcvolutionary business innovation yiclds a drastic change in a product,scrvice,proccss,etc. which oftcn destroys or supplants an cxisting busincss model.This is also known as radical innovation.Evolutionary or incremental innovation involvcs smallcr,morc continuous improvements that,whilc important,arc not drastic cnough to shift a company or market into a new paradigm.Disruptive innovation is a category that emphasizes the destructive aspect of revolutionary innovation:this term applies to business innovation that lcads to the crcation of a new market that displaces an existing one or,similarly,a significant upheaval in a catcgory of products or services. Business innovation,like most busincss initiatives,has both benefits and risks.Organizations should recognizc on the negative side that the business innovation proccss can be a costly undertaking that does not always produce a return on investment(ROI);that ideas considcrcd likely to succeed could still fail;and that stakcholders could fight the changes required to be succcssful.On the other hand,organizations nccd to weigh those risks against the benefits of business innovation. 63.What is the fundamcntal purpose of busincss innovation? A.To generate a vast number of creative ideas through brainstorming. B.To make more profits by replacing existing business models. C.To facilitate the invention of entirely new products and services. D.To cnhance the company's overall value and competitive position. 64.According to the passage,which of the following options is an example of innovation? A.The development of a ride-hailing APP. B.The discovery of penicillin. C.The creation of the first electric light bulb. D.The scientific formulation of the theory of General Relativity. 65.Based on the passage,which of the following statements is true? A.Revolutionary innovation is risky while evolutionary innovation is safe. B.Disruptive innovation is a separate category contrary to revolutionary innovation. C.Evolutionary innovation focuses on the creation of new products. D.The difference between revolutionary and evolutionary innovation lies in the scale of impact. 66.What is the author's attitude towards business innovation? A.Critically skeptical. B.Guardedly optimistic. C.Unreservedly enthusiastic. D.Academically detached. Section C Directions:Read the passage carefully.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. 0 Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there arc two more sentences than you need. A.The zero-plastic drive also produced a scries of unintended consequences. B.So far it has cut or climinated plastic on dozcns of its products-from fish and chicken to apples and berrics-but executives say they may not achieve the target in time. C.But salcs of paper bandcd bananas arc"significantly down"compared to the same product when it is placed in a plastic bag. D.Rcmoving plastic packaging is particularly tricky for a number of products. AB.Yct that is what happened when Iceland Foods Ltd.started selling steak in recyclable paper trays. AC.For now,Iceland Foods is absorbing the extra expense of swapping in paper for plastic. When one of the best-known supermarket chains in the UK decided to remove plastics from its products,it hadn't expected an increase in shoplifting (67刀 Some customers bent the pliable containers in half and stuffed them down their trousers,executives said.Such theft wasn't as casy when the steaks came wrapped in more rigid plastic packaging. Iceland Foods,a frozen-food-focused grocer that has roughly 1,000 stores across the UK,is struggling with a number of uncxpected challenges as it races to meet a self-imposed target of removing single-use plastic for its hundreds of store-brand products by the end of next year.(68) Removing plastic packaging from food can be exceptionally hard.A surge in demand for plastic-wrapped food during the pandemic is making this objective even harder.More cxpensive paper packaging is causing trouble at a time of rampant inflation,particularly because Iceland Foods typically caters to more price-sensitive consumers.(69). When Iceland Foods wrapped bananas in paper bands instead of plastic bags,the fruit rotted more quickly or snapped off.When it packed bread in opaque paper bags,sales fell as shoppers balked at ( buying something they couldn't see. Iceland Foods then shifted to running tests with banana suppliers in the Caribbean that agreed to change machinery to apply paper bands.To limit bow much the bananas are touched and bruised,suppliers put the banded fruit in plastic-lined cardboard boxed that are shipped to UK ripening centers.When they finally arrive at Iceland Foods'stores,the same boxes are lifted onto shelves,leaving the fruit untouchcd.(70) Mr.Lendrum said Iceland Foods isn't sure why.Still,he believes customers will get used to the new format over time."We haven't given up,"he said."You're trialing this stuff against plastic that has been operating at scale for 30 to 40 years and has been optimized to perfection. You have to invest if you want to change thing." IV.Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possiblc. Do Weird People Make Better Artists? In one published experiment(there was a whole serics of them),the participants were shown onc of two pictures of an imaginary artist called Stefansson.One was an ordinary-looking male in his twenties,while the other was a man of the samc age who "had long hair"and "had not shaved for several days." 10 The results were interesting.The people who are shown the untidy Stefansson like this wild unconventional art,more than those who were shown the clear-shaven,suit-wearing Stefansson.The rcscarchers say this preferencc is duc to our desire for "sincerity"in an artist, What they mcan by"sincerity"is that an artist's style and appcarance should go togcther. It sounds like a noble idca,but in fact,a huge body of great art,litcrature,and music was created by artists who did not look weird.Are we supposed to label these works boring and insinccre?If so,we would miss an awful lot of classic works,like Bach's musical compositions and Shakespeare's pocms. We are too much in love with the unconventional forms of art and the unconventional types that producc them.It is a strangc sort of blindness to the fact that a lot of good art has been produced by people who were models of conventionality.Wesley Kant,a lcading figure of abstract art,and Eric Cooper,pioneer of musical modernism,both dressed like bankers,Larry White,one of the founders of literary modernism,set out to look perfectly colorless in his suit and hat,just so he could fade into the background.It is the gap between their boring appcarance and their wild inner world that makes these creators so attractive. So as we explore the vast landscape of artistic expression,let us not be blinded by the charm of the weird. V.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 1.他不小心被工地上的电缆绊创了。(pV) 2.权据公可规定，工作满五年的员工有权享受常称年风，这让他们心到心安理得。(entitle) 3。那段布苦的经历让这位学者济楚地意帆测详细的计划只能通过日复一日的行动和地择来 实现。(clear) 4.当他们开始新的了险时，他们希芝松途一帆风顺，每一个挑战邻她校松应对，每一个 目标部能不费吹灰之力地实现。(whcrc) VI.An Additional Cloze(15) The misery of my bike commute in Calgary,Alberta,is the river valley hill.It's not particularly steep,but at about a mile long,I rarely climbed up without arriving with sweat. Studics have shown the prospect of arriving at work sweaty is one of the biggest(71)to getting would-be bike commuters out of their cars.That's especially true in a city like Los Angeles, where riders may face long routes,hills or hot streets with a lack of(72). "Pedelec",or pedal electric-assisted bikes like the one I rode,can end that worry.They look and act like traditional bicycles,but their motors make pedaling much easier when required. Sometimes called the most energy-efficient motorized mode of transportation ever built,they're also incredibly grecn.The biggest barrier may be the outdated attitude that sees bikes only as a(n) (73)athletic opportunity rather than a practical transportation option. At a time when citics across North America are struggling to combat crippling traffic and reduce climate emissions,e-bikes have the (74)to ease both the problems.And yet ridership has yet to truly (75).About 152,000 e-bikes were sold last year in the U.S.,a figure that would be more than 5 million if Americans used them at the same rate as westem Europeans. Many of the barriers to e-bike (76)in North America are legislative.Patchwork rules 11 treat c-bikes more like mopeds than traditional pedal bikes in some jurisdictions,meaning they are (77)from bike lancs and from boarding public transportation. Few places on the continent,however,are better(78)to break through barriers than California.Legislation was approved last year to cncourage e-bike usc,by legally differentiating the cycles from mopeds.In an attempt to head off worries about turbocharged machines flying down sidewalks and bike lanes at unsafc specds,the law classifies bikes into different tiers to (79)lowcr-speed e-bikes,which top out at 20 mph,from faster-moving "speed pedelecs",which arc restricted from protectcd bike paths. Amid these legislative(80),e-bikes have become more accessible to consumers.Finding them in bike shops isn't as (81)as it once was,and their cost has fallen as the price of lithium-ion batteries has dropped.Today,a decent e-bike,while still(82),is comparable in price to a high-end mountain bike.After ycars of(83)over mixing pedal and motor power,cycling advocacy organizations also are finally throwing their support behind e-bikes. Dave Snyder,the executive director of the California Bicycle Coalition,(84) the statc's new legislation based partly on the(85) that e-bikes help out those who "just can't ride as far or as fast as they need to". 71.A.drawbacks B.avenues C.barriers D.complements 72.A.shade B.coverage C.pause D.shadow 73.A.amusing B.theoretical C.idealistic D.recreational 74.A.advantagc B.potential C.qualification D.capability 75.A.make out B.head off C.bring about D.take off 76.A.adaptation B.adoption C.adjustment D.justification 77.A.proved B.isolated C.banned D.authorized 78.A.positioncd B.posed C.located D.posted 79.A.distract B.withdraw C.separate D.disengage 80.A.prejudices B.benefits C.limits D.rewards 81.A.challenging B.demanding C.critical D.difficult 82.A.dear B.tempting C.innovative D.distinctive 83.A.anxiety B.concern C.trouble D.preference 84.A.favored B.rejected C.declined D.weighed 85.A.proposal B.advice C.remark D.ground 12