Unit 3 重点词汇核心考点精讲 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册新教材译林版

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过词性分类表格与考点框架图系统构建知识体系，将64个重点单词按名词、动词、形容词等类别梳理，每个单词从词形转换、同义转换、固定搭配、词义辨析、重点用法五个维度呈现考点，清晰展现知识脉络与重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于结合课本原句设计分层考点，如“learner”通过词缀法讲解派生规则培养语言能力，“fish”单复数辨析训练思维品质，“in order to”同义转换指导学习策略。基础题聚焦词形转换，提升题侧重语境运用，助力不同层次学生巩固，教师可据此实施精准复习教学。

8AU3重点单词考点精讲 目录检索 learner 2 feed 2 fish 3 lifetime 3 journey 4 single 4 against 5 fall behind 5 successful 6 drive 6 guide 7 lifelong 7 inventor 8 talent 9 century 9 set ... apart 10 print 10 himself 11 bookseller 11 in order to 12 return 12 curious 13 storm 13 finding 14 predict 14 countless 15 invention 15 come as no surprise 16 invent 16 for free 17 greatness 17 further 18 success 18 Italian 19 themselves 19 conversation 20 translate 20 page 21 badly 21 yourself 22 yourselves 22 record 23 printer 24 slashie 24 dialect 25 bɪˈsaɪdz/besides 25 possible 26 as ... as possible 26 sentence 27 rather 27 pronunciation 28 grammar 28 text 29 slowly 29 whole 30 speech 30 aloud 31 pronounce 31 correctly 32 spelling 32 nearby 33 to one's surprise 33 repeat 34 tourist 34 词性分类 【名词 (n.)】learner、lifetime、journey、drive、inventor、talent、century、print、himself、bookseller、storm、finding、invention、greatness、success、Italian、themselves、conversation、page、yourself、yourselves、printer、slashie、dialect、sentence、pronunciation、grammar、text、whole、speech、spelling、tourist 【动词 (v./vi./vt.)】feed、fish、guide、return、predict、invent、further、translate、badly、record、rather、slowly、aloud、pronounce、correctly、nearby、repeat 【形容词 (adj.)】single、successful、lifelong、curious、countless、possible、nearby 【副词 (adv.)】further、badly、rather、slowly、aloud、correctly、nearby 【prep.】against 【prep.】bɪˈsaɪdz/besides 【短语】fall behind、set ... apart、in order to、come as no surprise、for free、as ... as possible、to one's surprise learner /ˈlɜːnə(r)/ n. 学习者 课本原句：Benjamin Franklin: a lifelong learner. 课本原句：In this unit, we will read about Benjamin Franklin and his love of learning. 考点一 词形转换 说明："learner"由动词learn(学习)+后缀-er构成，名词形式。类似派生：teach→teacher；work→worker。 例句：She is a quick learner and grasps new ideas easily. 考点二 同义转换：learner 说明：learner = student / pupil(学习者)；fast learner = quick learner(学得快的人)。 例句：He is a good learner. (= He is a good student.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a fast/quick learner(学得快的人)；a slow learner(学得慢的人)；a lifelong learner(终身学习者)。 例句：As a lifelong learner, she keeps reading every day. 考点四 词义辨析：learner vs student 说明："learner"强调"主动学习者"，多用于成人或自学；"student"强调"在校学生"。 例句：Adult learners can take online courses. Most students go to school. 考点五 重点用法：作主语 说明：learner常与形容词连用：a good/eager/slow learner(优秀/好学/学得慢的学习者)。 例句：An eager learner always asks questions. feed /fiːd/ vt. 为…提供食物；喂养 课本原句：Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 考点一 词形转换 说明："feed"是不规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为"fed"。名词形式"feeding"(喂食)。 例句：She fed the baby milk this morning. 考点二 同义转换：feed 说明：feed = nourish / provide food for(喂养，喂食)；feed on = live on(以…为食)。 例句：She feeds her dog every day. (= She nourishes her dog.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：feed sb on sth(用某物喂某人)；feed sth to sb(把某物喂给某人)；feed on(以…为食)。 例句：Don't feed the animals in the zoo. 考点四 词义辨析：feed vs raise 说明："feed"强调"提供食物"这一动作；"raise"强调"抚养长大"的全过程。 例句：She feeds the chickens. She raised three children. 考点五 重点用法：feed的双宾语 说明：feed可接双宾语：feed sb sth = feed sth to sb。 例句：She fed the baby some milk. (= She fed some milk to the baby.) fish /fɪʃ/ vi. 钓鱼，捕鱼 课本原句：Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 考点一 词形转换 说明："fish"作可数名词(一条鱼)单复数同形；作不可数名词(鱼肉)。动词"fish"(钓鱼)。 例句：There are many fish in the river. I like eating fish. 考点二 同义转换：fish 说明：fish (n.) = seafood(海鲜)；fish (v.) = go fishing / catch fish(钓鱼，捕鱼)。 例句：He is fishing in the lake. (= He is catching fish.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：go fishing(去钓鱼)；like a fish out of water(如鱼离水，不适应)；teach a man to fish(授人以渔)。 例句：Let's go fishing this weekend. 考点四 词义辨析：fish单复数 说明：fish作"鱼的种类"时复数为fishes；作"鱼的个体"时单复数同形。 例句：There are many fish in the pond. (个体) There are two kinds of fishes. (种类) 考点五 重点用法：fish for 说明：fish for(寻找，摸索)：fish for information(打探消息)。 例句：He was fishing for compliments. lifetime /ˈlaɪftaɪm/ n. 一生，有生之年 课本原句：Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 课本原句：As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey. 考点一 词形转换 说明："lifetime"由life(生命)+time(时间)组成合成名词。形容词形式"lifelong"(终身的)。 例句：He spent a lifetime studying languages. 考点二 同义转换：lifetime 说明：lifetime = life / life span(一生，寿命)；once in a lifetime(一生的，一辈子一次的)。 例句：It is a chance of a lifetime. (= It is a chance of a life.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a lifetime ago(很久以前)；of a lifetime(一生中难得的)；in one's lifetime(在某人一生中)。 例句：This is the opportunity of a lifetime. 考点四 词义辨析：lifetime vs life 说明："lifetime"强调"一生的时间段"(可数)；"life"强调"生命/生活"(可数/不可数)。 例句：He lived an interesting life. It lasted a lifetime. 考点五 重点用法：合成词 说明：lifetime常作定语：lifetime achievement(终身成就)；lifetime friend(终身朋友)。 例句：She received a lifetime achievement award. journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ n. 旅程，旅行 课本原句：A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 课本原句：He saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and success. 考点一 词形转换 说明："journey"是可数名词(一次旅行)；动词形式"journey"(旅行)。 例句：They went on a long journey. 考点二 同义转换：journey 说明：journey = trip / travel / tour(旅行)；尤指"长途旅行"。 例句：I wish you a safe journey. (= I wish you a safe trip.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：go on a journey(去旅行)；a journey of a thousand miles(千里之行)；a train journey(火车旅行)。 例句：He went on a journey to the west. 考点四 词义辨析：journey vs trip vs travel 说明："journey"长途正式；"trip"短途常用；"travel"泛指旅行(不可数名词)。 例句：a long journey; a business trip; He is fond of travel. 考点五 重点用法：journey of life 说明："the journey of life"指人生旅程，常用于比喻。 例句：Life is a journey, not a destination. single /ˈsɪŋɡl/ adj. 单个的；单身的 课本原句：A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 课本原句：Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words. 考点一 词形转换 说明："single"是形容词(单个的；单身的)；名词"singleness"(单一)。副词"singly"(单独地)。 例句：He is still single. 考点二 同义转换：single 说明：single = sole / only / one(单一的)；single = unmarried(单身的)。 例句：There is a single ticket. (= There is a sole ticket.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a single step(一步)；single parent(单亲)；single room(单人间)；every single(每一个)。 例句：Not a single person came to the party. 考点四 词义辨析：single vs only 说明："single"强调"单一的、单独的"；"only"强调"仅有的"。 例句：a single bed (一张床) / the only son (独子) 考点五 重点用法：否定句强调 说明："not a single + 名词"用于强调否定：无一… 例句：Not a single student failed the exam. against /əˈɡenst/ prep. 逆，反对；紧靠 课本原句：Studying is like rowing a boat against moving water; if you don't move forward, you will fall behind. 考点一 词形转换 说明："against"是介词(反对；逆；紧靠)；副词形式不变。 例句：He is against the plan. 考点二 同义转换：against 说明：against = opposed to / contrary to(反对)；against = versus(vs.)(对)。 例句：He is against the idea. (= He is opposed to the idea.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：against the law(违法)；be against(反对)；against the wind(逆风)；over against(面对)。 例句：It is against the law to smoke here. 考点四 词义辨析：against vs for 说明："against"反对方；"for"支持方。 例句：Are you for or against the plan? 考点五 重点用法：fight/struggle against 说明：fight/struggle against(与…作斗争)：fight against difficulties(与困难作斗争)。 例句：We must fight against pollution. fall behind 短语 落后 课本原句：Studying is like rowing a boat against moving water; if you don't move forward, you will fall behind. 考点一 词形转换 说明："fall behind"是固定短语，fall(变得)+behind(在后面)，不及物动词短语。 例句：He fell behind in the race. 考点二 同义转换：fall behind 说明：fall behind = lag behind / drop behind / be behind(落后)。 例句：He fell behind. (= He lagged behind.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：fall behind with(拖欠)；fall behind in(在…落后)；fall behind on(在…方面落后)。 例句：Don't fall behind with your homework. 考点四 词义辨析：fall behind vs lag behind 说明：两者意思相同；"fall behind"更常用；"lag behind"更正式。 例句：He fell/lagged behind the other students. 考点五 重点用法：fall作系动词 说明："fall"作系动词后接形容词：fall ill(生病)；fall asleep(入睡)；fall behind(落后)。 例句：He fell ill and missed the meeting. successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 有成效的；成功的 课本原句：What do you think is important for successful learning, Daniel? 课本原句：A successful learner is one who keeps trying. 考点一 词形转换 说明："successful"是形容词，由名词success + 后缀-ful构成。副词"successfully"。 例句：The experiment was successful. 考点二 同义转换：successful 说明：successful = fruitful / effective / winning(成功的)；反义词"unsuccessful"(不成功的)。 例句：The trip was successful. (= The trip was fruitful.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：be successful in(在…方面成功)；a successful person(成功人士)；a successful performance(成功的演出)。 例句：She is successful in her career. 考点四 词义辨析：successful vs successive 说明："successful"有成效的；"successive"连续的。 例句：a successful party / three successive days 考点五 重点用法：be successful in doing 说明：be successful in doing sth(成功做某事)：She is successful in learning English. 例句：He was successful in passing the exam. drive /draɪv/ n. 冲劲；本能需求 课本原句：For me, one thing is to have strong drive to learn. If you're willing to learn, you'll work harder. 考点一 词形转换 说明："drive"作名词(冲劲；驱动力)；作动词(驾驶；驱使)，过去式drove，过去分词driven。 例句：He has a strong drive to succeed. 考点二 同义转换：drive 说明：drive (n.) = motivation / urge / push(动力，欲望)；drive (v.) = operate(驾驶)。 例句：He has the drive to win. (= He has the motivation to win.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：drive to do sth(有动力做某事)；drive sb mad(使某人发疯)；a long drive(长途驾车)。 例句：Hunger drove him to steal. 考点四 词义辨析：drive vs motivation 说明："drive"内心强烈欲望；"motivation"外在/内在动机(更中性)。 例句：She has a strong drive / motivation to learn. 考点五 重点用法：drive作动词 说明：drive可作及物/不及物：drive a car(开车)；drive sb to do(驱使某人做)。 例句：Don't drink and drive. guide /ɡaɪd/ vt. 指导；给某人领路（或导游） 课本原句：A good teacher will guide you on the right path. 考点一 词形转换 说明："guide"是动词(指导；导游)；名词"guide"(向导；指南)。形容词"guiding"(指导的)。 例句：He guided the tourists through the museum. 考点二 同义转换：guide 说明：guide = lead / direct / show(指导；引导)；a guide = a leader(向导)。 例句：He guided the way. (= He led the way.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a tour guide(导游)；a guide dog(导盲犬)；a user guide(用户指南)；guide sb to(引导某人去)。 例句：She works as a tour guide in the city. 考点四 词义辨析：guide vs lead 说明："guide"侧重提供指导或方向；"lead"侧重带领或牵领。 例句：She guides the team. He led the soldiers into battle. 考点五 重点用法：a guide to sth 说明：a guide to sth(…的指南)：a guide to grammar(语法指南)。 例句：This book is a guide to learning English. lifelong /ˈlaɪflɒŋ/ adj. 终身的 课本原句：Benjamin Franklin: a lifelong learner. 课本原句：As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey. 考点一 词形转换 说明："lifelong"由life(生命)+long(长的)组成的合成形容词。 例句：He is a lifelong friend of mine. 考点二 同义转换：lifelong 说明：lifelong = for life / lifelong = lasting(终身的)；a lifelong habit = a lasting habit。 例句：Reading is his lifelong hobby. (= Reading is his lasting hobby.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a lifelong friend(终身朋友)；a lifelong learner(终身学习者)；lifelong education(终身教育)。 例句：She is a lifelong learner. 考点四 词义辨析：lifelong vs long 说明："lifelong"强调"贯穿一生的"；"long"强调"时间长的"。 例句：a lifelong habit / a long journey 考点五 重点用法：作定语 说明："lifelong"只作定语，不可作表语。 例句：He is a lifelong learner. (NOT He is lifelong.) inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ n. 发明家 课本原句：A writer, scientist, inventor and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. 课本原句：He was also an inventor and made many useful things for daily life. 考点一 词形转换 说明："inventor"由动词invent + 后缀-or构成。动词"invent"(发明)；名词"invention"(发明物)。 例句：Thomas Edison was a famous inventor. 考点二 同义转换：inventor 说明：inventor = creator / originator(发明者，创造者)；强调"创造出原本不存在的事物"。 例句：He is the inventor of the telephone. (= He is the creator of the telephone.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a famous inventor(著名的发明家)；an inventor of(…的发明者)。 例句：He became one of the greatest inventors in history. 考点四 词义辨析：inventor vs discoverer 说明："inventor"发明(原本不存在的事物)；"discoverer"发现(原本就存在的事物)。 例句：Edison was an inventor. Columbus was a discoverer. 考点五 重点用法：invent的派生 说明：invent(发明)→ invention(发明物)→ inventor(发明家)。 例句：His inventions made him a famous inventor. talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 天资，才能；有才能的人 课本原句：Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people in the 18th century. 课本原句：Besides his great talent and strong interest in languages, Zhao had useful ways to learn languages. 考点一 词形转换 说明："talent"是不可数名词(才能)或可数名词(有才能的人)。形容词"talented"(有才能的)。 例句：She has a talent for music. 考点二 同义转换：talent 说明：talent = gift / ability / genius(才能，天赋)；a talent for = a gift for(有…的天赋)。 例句：He has a talent for painting. (= He has a gift for painting.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：have a talent for(有…的天赋)；talent show(才艺表演)；hidden talents(隐藏的才能)。 例句：She showed her talent at the talent show. 考点四 词义辨析：talent vs skill 说明："talent"天生才能；"skill"后天习得的技能。 例句：She has a talent for music. She has good skills in cooking. 考点五 重点用法：复数用法 说明："talents"可表"多方面的才能"：a man of many talents(多才多艺的人)。 例句：He is a man of many talents. century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪；百年 课本原句：Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people in the 18th century. 考点一 词形转换 说明："century"是可数名词，复数centuries。形容词"centurial"(百年一次的)。 例句：We live in the 21st century. 考点二 同义转换：century 说明：century = hundred years(百年)；a century ago = one hundred years ago(一百年前)。 例句：It happened a century ago. (= It happened 100 years ago.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：the 21st century(21世纪)；for centuries(几个世纪以来)；half a century(半个世纪)。 例句：This temple has stood here for centuries. 考点四 词义辨析：century vs decade vs year 说明："century"百年；"decade"十年；"year"年。 例句：Centuries pass, decades change, but years go fast. 考点五 重点用法：序数词搭配 说明："the + 序数词 + century"表"…世纪"：the 5th century(5世纪)。 例句：The Great Wall was built in the 7th century. set ... apart 短语 使…突出，使…与众不同 课本原句：Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. 考点一 词形转换 说明："set ... apart"是固定短语，set(使)+apart(分离)。 例句：His creativity sets him apart from others. 考点二 同义转换：set ... apart 说明：set ... apart = distinguish ... from / make ... stand out(使…突出)。 例句：Her smile sets her apart. (= Her smile makes her stand out.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：set sb apart from(使某人不同于)；set apart time for(留出时间做)。 例句：His kindness set him apart from the others. 考点四 词义辨析：set apart vs separate 说明："set apart"强调"使与众不同"；"separate"强调"物理上分开"。 例句：His talent sets him apart. The teacher separated the boys from the girls. 考点五 重点用法：set的过去式 说明：set的过去式和过去分词都是set：set, set, set(不变)。 例句：He set the book apart yesterday. print /prɪnt/ n. 印刷行业 课本原句：While working in his brother's print shop, Franklin taught himself by reading a lot. 考点一 词形转换 说明："print"作名词(印刷；印刷业)；作动词(印刷；打印)。形容词"printed"(印刷的)。 例句：The book is out of print. 考点二 同义转换：print 说明：print = publish(出版)；in print = available(已出版，可买到)。 例句：The book is in print. (= The book is available.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：in print(已出版)；out of print(绝版)；a print shop(印刷店)；print out(打印)。 例句：Please print out the document. 考点四 词义辨析：print vs press 说明："print"印刷/印刷品(广义)；"press"出版/新闻界。 例句：a print shop / the press conference 考点五 重点用法：派生词 说明：print + -er = printer(印刷工；打印机)；print + -ing = printing(印刷)。 例句：He works as a printer in the print shop. himself /hɪmˈself/ pron. 他自己 课本原句：Franklin taught himself by reading a lot. 课本原句：From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. 考点一 词形转换 说明："himself"是反身代词，由he(他)+self(自己)组成。 例句：He hurt himself. 考点二 同义转换：himself 说明：himself = he himself(强调"他本人")；by himself = alone / on his own(独自地)。 例句：He did it himself. (= He did it by himself.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：by himself(独自地)；for himself(为自己)；teach himself(自学)；hurt himself(伤了自己)。 例句：The boy lives by himself. 考点四 词义辨析：himself vs him 说明："himself"反身代词(动作回到自身)；"him"人称代词宾格。 例句：He taught himself. (NOT He taught him.) 考点五 重点用法：强调用法 说明："himself"可强调"他亲自/本人"：He himself did it. (他自己做了这件事。) 例句：The teacher himself explained the rule. bookseller /ˈbʊkselə(r)/ n. 书商 课本原句：He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. 考点一 词形转换 说明："bookseller"是合成名词，book(书)+seller(卖者)。 例句：My uncle is a bookseller. 考点二 同义转换：bookseller 说明：bookseller = book dealer(书商)；a bookstore = a bookshop(书店)。 例句：He works at a bookstore. (= He works at a bookshop.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a bookseller's(书店)；a secondhand bookseller(二手书商)；online bookseller(网上书商)。 例句：She bought the book at a local bookseller's. 考点四 词义辨析：bookseller vs librarian 说明："bookseller"卖书的商人；"librarian"图书管理员。 例句：The bookseller sold me the book. The librarian helped me find it. 考点五 重点用法：合成名词 说明：合成名词：n.+n. = 复合名词；主重音在前：bookseller 'bookseller。 例句：She is a bookseller at the corner shop. in order to 短语 为了 课本原句：He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. 考点一 词形转换 说明："in order to"是不定式短语，后接动词原形。 例句：He studies hard in order to get good grades. 考点二 同义转换：in order to 说明：in order to = so as to / to(为了)；so that ... can(以便能够)。 例句：He got up early in order to catch the train. (= He got up early to catch the train.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：in order to do sth(为了做某事)；in order that(为了)；in order(井然有序)。 例句：She arrived early in order to meet him. 考点四 词义辨析：in order to vs so as to 说明：两者意思相同；"in order to"可置于句首；"so as to"通常不置于句首。 例句：In order to / So as to pass, he studied hard. 考点五 重点用法：否定形式 说明：否定形式in order not to / so as not to：He ran fast in order not to be late. 例句：She whispered in order not to wake the baby. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ vt. 归还 课本原句：He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day. 考点一 词形转换 说明："return"是及物/不及物动词(返回；归还)；名词"return"(返回；归还)。 例句：He returned the book to the library. 考点二 同义转换：return 说明：return = give back / come back / go back(归还；返回)。 例句：Please return the book. (= Please give back the book.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：return sth to sb(把某物还给某人)；return home(回家)；return ticket(回程票)；in return(作为回报)。 例句：He helped me and I helped him in return. 考点四 词义辨析：return vs give back 说明："return"正式用词；"give back"口语化。 例句：Please return/give back the book to me. 考点五 重点用法：return的双宾语 说明：return可接双宾语：return sb sth = return sth to sb。 例句：Please return me the book. (= Please return the book to me.) curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj. 好奇的 课本原句：Curious about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms. 考点一 词形转换 说明："curious"是形容词(好奇的)；副词"curiously"；名词"curiosity"(好奇心)。 例句：Children are curious about everything. 考点二 同义转换：curious 说明：curious = inquisitive / interested(好奇的)；be curious about = wonder about(对…好奇)。 例句：He is curious about space. (= He is interested in space.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：be curious about(对…好奇)；curious to do(很想做)；a curious look(好奇的表情)。 例句：I am curious to know the answer. 考点四 词义辨析：curious vs strange 说明："curious"好奇的；"strange"奇怪的(贬义)。 例句：a curious child (好奇的孩子) / a strange sound (奇怪的声音) 考点五 重点用法：curious about 说明：be curious about sth(对…感到好奇)：She is curious about animals. 例句：He is curious about how the machine works. storm /stɔːm/ n. 暴风雨 课本原句：Curious about the world around him, Franklin once became interested in studying storms. 考点一 词形转换 说明："storm"是可数名词(暴风雨)；形容词"stormy"(暴风雨的；激烈的)。 例句：A storm is coming. 考点二 同义转换：storm 说明：storm = tempest(暴风雨，文学用词)；a storm of(一阵猛烈的)。 例句：A storm hit the city. (= A tempest hit the city.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a thunderstorm(雷雨)；a snowstorm(暴雪)；a sandstorm(沙尘暴)；take by storm(使…倾倒)。 例句：The singer took the audience by storm. 考点四 词义辨析：storm vs rain 说明："storm"暴风雨(强烈天气)；"rain"雨(普通天气)。 例句：A storm came with heavy rain. 考点五 重点用法：a storm of 说明：a storm of + 抽象名词：一阵猛烈的：a storm of applause(一阵掌声)。 例句：The speech was met with a storm of protest. finding /ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ n. 调查发现 课本原句：He found out that storms moved from one place to another. His findings helped predict the weather. 考点一 词形转换 说明："finding"由动词find(找到)+后缀-ing构成名词。复数findings常表"调查结果/发现"。 例句：The research findings are important. 考点二 同义转换：finding 说明：finding = discovery / result(发现，结果)；research findings = research results(研究成果)。 例句：The findings show that... (= The results show that...) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：research findings(研究发现)；the findings of(…的发现)；findings show that(发现表明)。 例句：The findings of the study were surprising. 考点四 词义辨析：finding vs find 说明："finding"调查发现(常用复数)；"find"找到的东西(常用单数)。 例句：the latest findings / a great find 考点五 重点用法：作主语 说明："findings"作主语时谓语动词用复数：The findings suggest that... 例句：The findings indicate that learning is lifelong. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ vt. 预测 课本原句：His findings helped predict the weather. 考点一 词形转换 说明："predict"是及物动词(预测)。名词"prediction"(预测)；形容词"predictable"(可预测的)。 例句：It is hard to predict the future. 考点二 同义转换：predict 说明：predict = forecast / foresee / prophesy(预测，预言)。 例句：She predicted the result. (= She forecast the result.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：predict the future(预测未来)；predict that...(预测…)；predict the weather(预报天气)。 例句：Nobody can predict when the earthquake will happen. 考点四 词义辨析：predict vs forecast 说明："predict"通用；"forecast"特指天气预报。 例句：predict the outcome / forecast the weather 考点五 重点用法：predict + that从句 说明：predict后接that从句或名词：predict that he will win(预测他会赢)。 例句：Experts predict that the economy will improve. countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 数不尽的 课本原句：Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise. 考点一 词形转换 说明："countless"由count(计数)+后缀-less(无)构成，表"无数的"。 例句：There are countless stars in the sky. 考点二 同义转换：countless 说明：countless = innumerable / numberless / myriad(无数的)；countless = too many to count。 例句：There are countless stars. (= There are innumerable stars.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：countless times(无数次)；countless people(无数人)；countless reasons(无数理由)。 例句：He has visited the museum countless times. 考点四 词义辨析：countless vs many 说明："countless"强调"数不清"；"many"强调"多"。 例句：countless stars / many students 考点五 重点用法：作定语 说明："countless"只作定语，修饰可数名词复数。 例句：Countless people came to the concert. invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明 课本原句：Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise. 课本原句：Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for free. 考点一 词形转换 说明："invention"由invent(发明)+后缀-tion构成。动词"invent"(发明)；名词"inventor"(发明家)。 例句：The invention of the telephone changed the world. 考点二 同义转换：invention 说明：invention = creation / innovation(发明，创造)；the invention of = the creation of。 例句：The invention of the wheel was important. (= The creation of the wheel was important.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a great invention(伟大的发明)；the invention of(…的发明)；patent an invention(为发明申请专利)。 例句：He patented his invention. 考点四 词义辨析：invention vs discovery 说明："invention"发明(原本不存在)；"discovery"发现(原本存在)。 例句：the invention of the light bulb / the discovery of America 考点五 重点用法：作主语 说明："invention"作主语时谓语动词用单数：The invention has changed our lives. 例句：This invention makes life easier. come as no surprise 短语 不足为奇 课本原句：Franklin had a great love for science, so his countless inventions came as no surprise. 考点一 词形转换 说明："come as no surprise"是固定短语，come(变得)+as(作为)+no surprise(不奇怪)。 例句：It came as no surprise that he passed the exam. 考点二 同义转换：come as no surprise 说明：come as no surprise = be expected / not be surprising(不足为奇)。 例句：His success came as no surprise. (= His success was expected.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：come as a surprise(令人惊讶)；come as no surprise to sb(对某人来说不奇怪)。 例句：It came as no surprise to me that he won. 考点四 词义辨析：come as no surprise vs surprisingly 说明："come as no surprise"指某事不令人惊讶；"surprisingly"副词，修饰整个句子。 例句：It came as no surprise. / Surprisingly, he passed. 考点五 重点用法：it作形式主语 说明："It"作形式主语：It came as no surprise that... (…并不奇怪) 例句：It came as no surprise that she got the job. invent /ɪnˈvent/ vt. 发明 课本原句：Even in his late 70s, he invented a type of special glasses to help him see better. 考点一 词形转换 说明："invent"是及物动词(发明；创造)。名词"invention"(发明)；"inventor"(发明家)。 例句：He invented a new device. 考点二 同义转换：invent 说明：invent = create / devise / make up(发明，创造)；make up也指"编造"。 例句：He invented a machine. (= He devised a machine.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：invent a story(编造故事)；invent a machine(发明机器)；invent an excuse(编造借口)。 例句：She invented an excuse for being late. 考点四 词义辨析：invent vs discover 说明："invent"发明(原本不存在)；"discover"发现(原本就存在)。 例句：Edison invented the light bulb. Columbus discovered America. 考点五 重点用法：invent的派生 说明：invent → invention(发明)→ inventor(发明家)；注意双写字母变化。 例句：He is famous for his many inventions. for free 短语 免费 课本原句：Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for free. 考点一 词形转换 说明："for free"是固定短语，free前不加定冠词the。 例句：He let me use the book for free. 考点二 同义转换：for free 说明：for free = free of charge / at no cost / gratis(免费)。 例句：The tickets are for free. (= The tickets are free of charge.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：for free(免费地)；get sth for free(免费得到某物)；give sth away for free(免费送出)。 例句：You can download the app for free. 考点四 词义辨析：for free vs freely 说明："for free"免费地；"freely"自由地/无拘束地。 例句：He let me use it for free. / He speaks freely. 考点五 重点用法：without payment 说明："for free"强调"不付钱"，相当于without payment。 例句：Children under five can travel for free. greatness /ˈɡreɪtnəs/ n. 伟大 课本原句：His greatness goes further than that. 考点一 词形转换 说明："greatness"由形容词great(伟大的)+后缀-ness构成抽象名词。 例句：We should learn from his greatness. 考点二 同义转换：greatness 说明：greatness = grandeur / excellence / greatness(伟大)；抽象概念。 例句：His greatness is known to all. (= His excellence is known to all.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：achieve greatness(成就伟大)；moral greatness(道德的伟大)；true greatness(真正的伟大)。 例句：She achieved greatness in her field. 考点四 词义辨析：greatness vs size 说明："greatness"抽象的"伟大"；"size"具体的"大小"。 例句：the greatness of his character / the size of the room 考点五 重点用法：抽象名词 说明："greatness"是不可数抽象名词，无复数形式。 例句：Greatness comes from hard work. further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ adv. 更远；较远 课本原句：His greatness goes further than that. 考点一 词形转换 说明："further"是far的比较级(更远；进一步)。形容词"further"(更远的)；动词"further"(促进)。 例句：We need to look further into the matter. 考点二 同义转换：further 说明：further = farther(更远，表距离)；further = additional / more(进一步的)。 例句：We need further help. (= We need additional help.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：go further(更进一步)；further education(继续教育)；further to(关于)；further information(更多信息)。 例句：Please contact us for further information. 考点四 词义辨析：further vs farther 说明：英式英语：farther表距离，further表程度；美式两者可互换表距离。 例句：I can walk no further/farther. 考点五 重点用法：作动词 说明："further"作动词(促进)：further one's studies(深造)。 例句：She went abroad to further her studies. success /səkˈses/ n. 成功 课本原句：He saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and success. 考点一 词形转换 说明："success"是不可数名词(成功)；可数名词"a success"(成功的事/人)。形容词"successful"。 例句：Hard work leads to success. 考点二 同义转换：success 说明：success = achievement / triumph(成功，成就)；a success = a triumph(一次成功)。 例句：The book was a great success. (= The book was a great triumph.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：achieve success(取得成功)；a great success(巨大的成功)；success in(在…方面的成功)。 例句：She achieved great success in her career. 考点四 词义辨析：success vs successful 说明："success"名词；"successful"形容词。 例句：a success story / a successful story 考点五 重点用法：a success 说明："a success"可数名词，表"一件成功的事/一个成功的人"。 例句：The party was a great success. Italian /ɪˈtæliən/ n. 意大利语；意大利人 课本原句：His idea for developing the app came from a trip to Italy with his parents. 课本原句：Steve and his parents cannot speak a word of Italian, and they are not good at English 考点一 词形转换 说明："Italian"是名词(意大利语；意大利人)和形容词(意大利的)。 例句：He is Italian. He speaks Italian. 考点二 同义转换：Italian 说明：Italian (n.) = the Italian language(意大利语)；Italian (adj.) = of Italy(意大利的)。 例句：She speaks Italian. (= She speaks the Italian language.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：Italian food(意大利食物)；Italian restaurant(意大利餐厅)；Italian language(意大利语)。 例句：Italian pizza is popular all over the world. 考点四 词义辨析：Italian adj. vs n. 说明：作形容词"意大利的"；作名词表"意大利语"或"意大利人"(总称)。 例句：Italian art is famous. The Italians love their food. 考点五 重点用法：the Italian 说明："the Italian"表"意大利人总称"，谓语动词用复数。 例句：The Italian are known for their art. themselves /ðəmˈselvz/ pron. 他们（她们，它们）自己 课本原句：They could not express themselves clearly and almost missed their plane home. 考点一 词形转换 说明："themselves"是复数反身代词，由they(他们)+selves(自己)组成。 例句：They built the house by themselves. 考点二 同义转换：themselves 说明：themselves = they themselves(强调"他们自己")；by themselves = alone / on their own(独自)。 例句：They did it by themselves. (= They did it on their own.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：by themselves(独自地)；for themselves(为自己)；express themselves(表达自己)；enjoy themselves(玩得开心)。 例句：The children enjoyed themselves at the party. 考点四 词义辨析：themselves vs them 说明："themselves"反身代词；"them"人称代词宾格。 例句：They taught themselves. (NOT They taught them.) 考点五 重点用法：强调用法 说明："themselves"可强调"他们亲自"：They themselves built the house. 例句：The students themselves organized the event. conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 交谈，谈话 课本原句：After he got home, Steve was curious about finding a way to make daily conversation in another language easier. 考点一 词形转换 说明："conversation"是可数/不可数名词(交谈)。动词"converse"(交谈)；形容词"conversational"。 例句：They had a long conversation. 考点二 同义转换：conversation 说明：conversation = talk / dialogue / chat(交谈，对话)。 例句：We had a conversation. (= We had a chat.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：have a conversation(交谈)；in conversation with(与…交谈)；daily conversation(日常交谈)。 例句：I had a friendly conversation with him. 考点四 词义辨析：conversation vs dialogue 说明："conversation"日常交谈(随意)；"dialogue"正式对话(戏剧/谈判)。 例句：daily conversation / a dialogue between two leaders 考点五 重点用法：make conversation 说明：make conversation(攀谈，闲谈)：I tried to make conversation with her. 例句：He made polite conversation at the party. translate /trænzˈleɪt/ vt. & vi. 翻译 课本原句：It can translate your mother language into over 20 languages and help you learn languages. 考点一 词形转换 说明："translate"是及物/不及物动词(翻译)。名词"translation"(译文)；"translator"(译者)。 例句：Please translate this sentence into Chinese. 考点二 同义转换：translate 说明：translate = render / interpret(翻译)；translate ... into = turn ... into(把…翻译成)。 例句：Translate the book into Chinese. (= Render the book into Chinese.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：translate ... into ...(把…翻译成…)；translate from(从…翻译)；translate well(译得好)。 例句：The novel has been translated into many languages. 考点四 词义辨析：translate vs interpret 说明："translate"书面翻译；"interpret"口头翻译。 例句：translate a book / interpret for the President 考点五 重点用法：translate的双宾语 说明：translate可接双宾语：translate sb sth = translate sth for sb。 例句：He translated me the article. (= He translated the article for me.) page /peɪdʒ/ n. （书刊或纸张的）页 课本原句：Sandy reads 30 pages in one hour. She reads fast. 考点一 词形转换 说明："page"是可数名词(页)；动词"page"(标记页码；呼叫)。 例句：Turn to page 10. 考点二 同义转换：page 说明：page = leaf(页)；the pages of history(历史的篇章)。 例句：Please turn to page 5. (= Please turn to leaf 5.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：page number(页码)；on page 10(在第10页)；front page(头版)；yellow pages(黄页)。 例句：The news is on the front page. 考点四 词义辨析：page vs leaf 说明："page"书页(单面/双面)；"leaf"叶；书页也可称leaf(物理纸张)。 例句：a page of a book / a leaf of a tree 考点五 重点用法：pages of 说明：pages of(多页的)：pages of history(历史的篇章)。 例句：He wrote pages of notes. badly /ˈbædli/ adv. 严重地，厉害地 课本原句：David works _______ (hard). He works _______ (hard) than all my other classmates. 考点一 词形转换 说明："badly"由形容词bad(坏的)+后缀-ly构成副词。比较级worse，最高级worst。 例句：He was badly hurt in the accident. 考点二 同义转换：badly 说明：badly = poorly / seriously / severely(不好地；严重地)；表"需要"时 badly = very much。 例句：He behaved badly. (= He behaved poorly.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：be badly off(穷困)；badly needed(急需)；badly hurt(重伤)；want sth badly(非常想要)。 例句：She wants to win badly. 考点四 词义辨析：badly vs bad 说明："badly"副词(修饰动词)；"bad"形容词(修饰名词)。 例句：He sings badly. / He is a bad singer. 考点五 重点用法：不规则比较级 说明：badly的比较级worse，最高级worst(不规则变化)。 例句：He sings worse than me. He sings the worst in class. yourself /jɔːˈself/ pron. 你自己 课本原句：You can learn an interesting skill by yourself. 考点一 词形转换 说明："yourself"是单数反身代词，由you(你)+self(自己)组成。 例句：Take care of yourself. 考点二 同义转换：yourself 说明：yourself = you yourself(强调"你自己")；by yourself = alone / on your own(独自)。 例句：Did you do it yourself? (= Did you do it by yourself?) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：by yourself(独自地)；for yourself(为你自己)；help yourself to(请自便)；be yourself(做你自己)。 例句：Help yourself to some fruit. 考点四 词义辨析：yourself vs you 说明："yourself"反身代词；"you"人称代词。 例句：You should believe in yourself. (NOT believe in you.) 考点五 重点用法：强调用法 说明："yourself"可强调"你亲自"：You yourself should try it. 例句：You yourself must answer the question. yourselves /jɔːˈselvz/ pron. 你们自己 课本原句：Don't worry if learning something new seems difficult. Just do it! So let's set goals for ourselves. 考点一 词形转换 说明："yourselves"是复数反身代词，由you(你们)+selves(自己)组成。 例句：You should take care of yourselves. 考点二 同义转换：yourselves 说明：yourselves = you yourselves(强调"你们自己")；by yourselves = alone / on your own(独自)。 例句：You did it yourselves. (= You did it by yourselves.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：by yourselves(独自地)；for yourselves(为你们自己)；enjoy yourselves(玩得开心)。 例句：Enjoy yourselves at the party! 考点四 词义辨析：yourselves vs yourselves 说明："yourselves"复数；"yourself"单数。 例句：You should respect yourself/yourselves. 考点五 重点用法：help yourselves to 说明：help yourselves to(请随便吃/用)：Help yourselves to some drinks. 例句：Please help yourselves to the cake. record /rɪˈkɔːd/ vt. & vi. 录制；记录 课本原句：He even records himself playing the piano every day. 课本原句：Write a record of what you have learned. 考点一 词形转换 说明："record"读作/rɪˈkɔːd/时是动词(录制；记录)；读作/ˈrekɔːd/时是名词(记录；唱片)。 例句：Please record the meeting. 考点二 同义转换：record 说明：record (v.) = register / log(记录)；record (n.) = account / log(记录)。 例句：She recorded the song. (= She registered the song.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：keep a record of(记录)；break the record(打破记录)；set a record(创造记录)；a world record(世界记录)。 例句：He broke the world record. 考点四 词义辨析：record vs register 说明："record"广义的记录；"register"正式的登记/注册。 例句：record a video / register at a hotel 考点五 重点用法：词性转换 说明：record词性不同读音不同：/rɪˈkɔːd/(动词)；/ˈrekɔːd/(名词)。 例句：a record / to record printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 印刷工，印刷商；打印机 课本原句：When he was young, he worked as a printer and kept developing his skills as a writer. 考点一 词形转换 说明："printer"由动词print(印刷)+后缀-er构成。复数printers。 例句：The printer is out of paper. 考点二 同义转换：printer 说明：printer = printing machine(印刷机；打印机)；a printer's = a print shop(印刷店)。 例句：She works as a printer. (= She works as a printing worker.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a printer's(印刷店)；a laser printer(激光打印机)；an inkjet printer(喷墨打印机)。 例句：I bought a new printer for my office. 考点四 词义辨析：printer vs press 说明："printer"人或机器；"press"印刷机/新闻业。 例句：a printer (人/机器) / the press (新闻界) 考点五 重点用法：派生词 说明：print + -er = printer(印刷工；打印机)。 例句：He is a printer in a printing house. slashie /ˈslæʃi/ n. 斜杠族，多重职业者 课本原句：Amy is asking Mr Wu about the meaning of 'slashie'. A slashie is someone good at many different jobs. 考点一 词形转换 说明："slashie"是名词(斜杠族，多重职业者)，由符号"/"(slash)+后缀-ie构成。 例句：Many young people today are slashies. 考点二 同义转换：slashie 说明：slashie = multi-jobber / multi-careerist(多重职业者)；现代新词。 例句：She is a slashie. (= She has many jobs.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：be a slashie(是斜杠族)；slashie life(多重职业生活)；modern slashies(现代斜杠族)。 例句：Being a slashie is popular among young people. 考点四 词义辨析：slashie vs specialist 说明："slashie"多重职业者；"specialist"专家。 例句：Slashies have many skills. Specialists focus on one field. 考点五 重点用法：现代词汇 说明："slashie"是现代英语词汇，反映多元化职业趋势。 例句：Today, more people choose to be slashies. dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt/ n. 方言 课本原句：Zhao Yuanren could speak over 30 Chinese dialects and some foreign languages like English, French and German. 考点一 词形转换 说明："dialect"是可数名词(方言)。形容词"dialectal"(方言的)。 例句：He speaks a local dialect. 考点二 同义转换：dialect 说明：dialect = regional language / local speech(方言)；accent(口音)。 例句：He speaks the local dialect. (= He speaks the local regional language.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：local dialect(方言)；dialect differences(方言差异)；speak a dialect(说方言)。 例句：She speaks the Shanghai dialect. 考点四 词义辨析：dialect vs accent 说明："dialect"地区性语言变体；"accent"发音特点。 例句：He speaks a southern dialect. / He has a British accent. 考点五 重点用法：复数用法 说明："dialects"复数表"多种方言"：over 30 Chinese dialects。 例句：China has many dialects. bɪˈsaɪdz/besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ prep. 除…之外（还） 课本原句：Besides his great talent and strong interest in languages, Zhao had useful ways to learn languages. 考点一 词形转换 说明："besides"是介词(除…之外还)和副词(此外)。 例句：Besides English, she speaks French. 考点二 同义转换：besides 说明：besides = in addition to / apart from / aside from(除…之外)。 例句：Besides English, she speaks French. (= Apart from English, she speaks French.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：besides doing sth(除做某事外)；besides that(此外)；besides the above(除上述之外)。 例句：Besides swimming, she likes running. 考点四 词义辨析：besides vs except 说明："besides"包括在内(除了…也)；"except"不包括在内(除…之外)。 例句：Besides English, he knows French. (包括英语) / Except English, he knows French. (不包括英语) 考点五 重点用法：作副词 说明："besides"作副词(此外)：I don't like it; besides, it's too expensive. 例句：I'm too tired to go out; besides, it's raining. possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的 课本原句：Zhao thought it was important to spend as much time as possible reading, speaking and listening to the language. 考点一 词形转换 说明："possible"是形容词(可能的)。副词"possibly"(可能地)；名词"possibility"(可能性)。 例句：It is possible to learn English well. 考点二 同义转换：possible 说明：possible = likely / feasible / potential(可能的)；反义词"impossible"(不可能的)。 例句：It is possible. (= It is likely.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：as ... as possible(尽可能…)；if possible(如果可能的话)；a possible answer(可能的答案)。 例句：Come as soon as possible. 考点四 词义辨析：possible vs likely 说明："possible"客观上可能；"likely"主观上很可能。 例句：It is possible to win. / He is likely to win. 考点五 重点用法：It is possible to do 说明：It is possible (for sb) to do sth(某人做某事是可能的)。 例句：It is possible for him to arrive on time. as ... as possible 短语 尽可能… 课本原句：Zhao thought it was important to spend as much time as possible reading, speaking and listening to the language. 考点一 词形转换 说明："as ... as possible"是固定短语，中间用形容词或副词原级。 例句：Try to be as kind as possible. 考点二 同义转换：as ... as possible 说明：as ... as possible = as ... as one can(尽可能…)。 例句：Be as quick as possible. (= Be as quick as you can.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：as soon as possible(尽快)；as early as possible(尽可能早)；as much as possible(尽可能多)。 例句：Please come as soon as possible. 考点四 词义辨析：as ... as possible vs as ... as I can 说明："as ... as possible"强调客观；"as ... as I can"强调主观能力。 例句：Do it as fast as possible. / Do it as fast as I can. 考点五 重点用法：修饰形容词/副词 说明："as ... as possible"修饰形容词/副词原级。 例句：He works as hard as possible. sentence /ˈsentəns/ n. 句子 课本原句：Zhao always carried a pen and paper with him to write down useful sentences. 课本原句：Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words. 考点一 词形转换 说明："sentence"是名词(句子；判决)；动词"sentence"(宣判)。 例句：Write a sentence in English. 考点二 同义转换：sentence 说明：sentence = statement / clause(句子)；serve a sentence(服刑)。 例句：He served a sentence in prison. (= He served time in prison.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：make a sentence(造句)；write a sentence(写句子)；a complex sentence(复合句)；serve a sentence(服刑)。 例句：Please make sentences with these words. 考点四 词义辨析：sentence vs clause 说明："sentence"完整句子；"clause"从句/分句。 例句：a sentence / a subordinate clause 考点五 重点用法：作动词 说明："sentence"作动词(宣判)：sentence sb to death(判处某人死刑)。 例句：He was sentenced to five years in prison. rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv. 而不是 课本原句：Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words. 考点一 词形转换 说明："rather"是副词(相当；宁愿；而不是)。 例句：I'd rather stay home than go out. 考点二 同义转换：rather 说明：rather = instead / preferably(而不是；宁愿)；rather than = instead of(而不是)。 例句：He chose tea rather than coffee. (= He chose tea instead of coffee.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：rather than(而不是)；would rather(宁愿)；rather ... than(宁愿…而不)；or rather(更确切地说)。 例句：I'd rather walk than take a bus. 考点四 词义辨析：rather than vs instead of 说明：两者意思相同；"rather than"可后接动词原形；"instead of"后接名词/动名词。 例句：He chose to walk rather than drive. / He chose to walk instead of driving. 考点五 重点用法：would rather 说明："would rather do A than do B"：宁愿做A也不愿做B。 例句：She would rather read than watch TV. pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 发音 课本原句：Pronunciation is a (1) ______ of language learning. It is very difficult for others to (2) ______ you if you get the pronunciation wrong. 考点一 词形转换 说明："pronunciation"由动词pronounce + 后缀-ation构成。动词"pronounce"(发音)。 例句：Her pronunciation is excellent. 考点二 同义转换：pronunciation 说明：pronunciation = accent / enunciation / speech sounds(发音)；a good pronunciation(好发音)。 例句：His pronunciation is good. (= His accent is good.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：have a good pronunciation(发音好)；improve one's pronunciation(改进发音)；a pronunciation problem(发音问题)。 例句：She has good English pronunciation. 考点四 词义辨析：pronunciation vs pronounce 说明："pronunciation"名词；"pronounce"动词。 例句：a good pronunciation / to pronounce correctly 考点五 重点用法：拼写 说明：注意发音与拼写不同：pronounce的动词发音/prəˈnaʊns/；名词发音/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/。 例句：Don't mispronounce the word. grammar /ˈɡræmə(r)/ n. 语法 课本原句：Grammar can be hard to learn but it is important. We need the rules to (4) ______. 考点一 词形转换 说明："grammar"是名词(语法)。形容词"grammatical"(语法的)；副词"grammatically"。 例句：English grammar is important. 考点二 同义转换：grammar 说明：grammar = syntax(语法)；a grammar book(语法书)；English grammar(英语语法)。 例句：Grammar is the rule of a language. (= Syntax is the rule of a language.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：English grammar(英语语法)；grammar rules(语法规则)；a grammar mistake(语法错误)；check grammar(检查语法)。 例句：Please check the grammar of my essay. 考点四 词义辨析：grammar vs vocabulary 说明："grammar"语言规则；"vocabulary"词汇。 例句：Grammar and vocabulary are both important. 考点五 重点用法：作主语 说明："grammar"作主语时谓语动词用单数：Grammar is the rule of a language. 例句：Grammar helps us write better. text /tekst/ n. 文本；文章 课本原句：Reading often is important. Start by reading easy texts and slowly move on to (6) ______ ones. 考点一 词形转换 说明："text"是名词(文本；文章)；动词"text"(发短信)。形容词"textual"(文本的)。 例句：Please read this text. 考点二 同义转换：text 说明：text = passage / writing / article(文本；文章)；text message(短信)。 例句：Read the text. (= Read the passage.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a text message(短信)；text book(教科书)；a long text(长文)；a short text(短文)。 例句：She sent me a text message. 考点四 词义辨析：text vs context 说明："text"正文/文本；"context"上下文/语境。 例句：Read the text in context. 考点五 重点用法：作动词 说明："text"作动词(发短信)：He texted me this morning. 例句：I'll text you later. slowly /ˈsləʊli/ adv. 慢速地，缓慢地 课本原句：Start by reading easy texts and slowly move on to more difficult ones. 考点一 词形转换 说明："slowly"由形容词slow(慢的)+后缀-ly构成副词。比较级more slowly，最高级most slowly。 例句：He walked slowly in the park. 考点二 同义转换：slowly 说明：slowly = leisurely / gradually / at a slow pace(缓慢地)；反义词"quickly/fast"(快地)。 例句：He walked slowly. (= He walked at a slow pace.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：move slowly(慢慢移动)；speak slowly(慢慢说)；slowly but surely(稳扎稳打)。 例句：Slowly but surely, he made progress. 考点四 词义辨析：slowly vs slow 说明："slowly"副词(修饰动词)；"slow"形容词(修饰名词)。 例句：He runs slowly. / He is a slow runner. 考点五 重点用法：句首位置 说明："slowly"置于句首时，句子常部分倒装或用逗号隔开：Slowly, he walked away. 例句：Slowly, the sun rose. whole /həʊl/ n. 整个；全部 课本原句：I believe through listening, reading, writing and speaking I can improve my language skills as a whole. 考点一 词形转换 说明："whole"是名词(全部)和形容词(整个的)。 例句：The whole class was excited. 考点二 同义转换：whole 说明：whole = entire / complete / all(整个的)；as a whole = in general(总体上)。 例句：The whole class was excited. (= The entire class was excited.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：the whole + n.(整个…)；as a whole(作为一个整体)；on the whole(总的来说)；a whole day(一整天)。 例句：He stayed there for a whole week. 考点四 词义辨析：whole vs all 说明："whole"强调"完整"；"all"强调"全部"；the whole class = all the class。 例句：the whole class / all the students 考点五 重点用法：冠词用法 说明："whole"前常加定冠词the：the whole world(整个世界)。 例句：She ate the whole cake. speech /spiːtʃ/ n. 演讲；说话的能力 课本原句：remember, you don't have to understand every word: try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech. 考点一 词形转换 说明："speech"是名词(演讲；说话)。动词"speak"(说话)；形容词"speechless"(说不出话的)。 例句：She gave a speech at the meeting. 考点二 同义转换：speech 说明：speech = talk / address / lecture(演讲，讲话)；a speech = a talk。 例句：He gave a speech. (= He gave a talk.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：make a speech(发表演讲)；a speech on(关于…的演讲)；speech therapy(言语治疗)；part of speech(词性)。 例句：She made a speech on education. 考点四 词义辨析：speech vs speak 说明："speech"名词；"speak"动词。 例句：a public speech / to speak in public 考点五 重点用法：part of speech 说明：part of speech(词性)：noun, verb, adjective等都是parts of speech。 例句：What part of speech is the word 'quickly'? aloud /əˈlaʊd/ adv. 出声地；大声地 课本原句：How about reading English aloud every morning? Try to pronounce each word correctly. 考点一 词形转换 说明："aloud"是副词(出声地；大声地)。 例句：Please read the text aloud. 考点二 同义转换：aloud 说明：aloud = out loud / audibly(出声地)；区别"loud"(大声地，形容词/副词)。 例句：Read the passage aloud. (= Read the passage out loud.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：read aloud(朗读)；think aloud(自言自语)；laugh aloud(大声笑)。 例句：She read the story aloud to the children. 考点四 词义辨析：aloud vs loud vs loudly 说明："aloud"出声地(可与read/think连用)；"loud"大声地(形容词/副词)；"loudly"大声地(副词)。 例句：read aloud / speak loud / speak loudly 考点五 重点用法：think aloud 说明：think aloud(自言自语)：He thinks aloud when solving problems. 例句：She tends to think aloud. pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ vt. 发音 课本原句：Try to pronounce each word correctly. 考点一 词形转换 说明："pronounce"是及物动词(发音；宣布)。名词"pronunciation"(发音)；形容词"pronounced"。 例句：How do you pronounce this word? 考点二 同义转换：pronounce 说明：pronounce = say / sound out / articulate(发音)；pronounce on = declare(发表意见)。 例句：She pronounced the word clearly. (= She articulated the word.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：pronounce a word(发一个单词的音)；pronounce on(对…发表意见)；pronounce judgment(宣布判决)。 例句：The judge pronounced the sentence. 考点四 词义辨析：pronounce vs pronounce on 说明："pronounce"发音/宣布；"pronounce on"对…发表意见。 例句：She pronounced on the issue at last. 考点五 重点用法：how to pronounce 说明：How do you pronounce this word?(这个单词怎么发音？) 例句：How do you pronounce 'pronunciation'? correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地 课本原句：Try to pronounce each word correctly. 考点一 词形转换 说明："correctly"由形容词correct(正确的)+后缀-ly构成副词。 例句：She answered the question correctly. 考点二 同义转换：correctly 说明：correctly = rightly / properly / accurately(正确地)；反义词"incorrectly"(不正确地)。 例句：He answered correctly. (= He answered rightly.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：do sth correctly(正确地做某事)；speak correctly(说得正确)；behave correctly(行为端正)。 例句：Please spell the word correctly. 考点四 词义辨析：correctly vs correct 说明："correctly"副词(修饰动词)；"correct"形容词(修饰名词)。 例句：She writes correctly. / Her writing is correct. 考点五 重点用法：派生 说明：correct(形容词)→ correctly(副词)→ correct(动词，改正)；注意词性变化。 例句：Correct your mistakes. Correctly is the adverb form. spelling /ˈspelɪŋ/ n. 拼写 课本原句：Spelling can also be a problem for English learners. Try to remember the spelling of new words. 考点一 词形转换 说明："spelling"由动词spell(拼写)+后缀-ing构成名词。 例句：English spelling is difficult. 考点二 同义转换：spelling 说明：spelling = orthography(拼写)；English spelling(英语拼写)。 例句：Spelling is important. (= Orthography is important.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：spelling bee(拼写比赛)；spelling mistake(拼写错误)；check spelling(检查拼写)；spelling list(单词表)。 例句：She won first place in the spelling bee. 考点四 词义辨析：spelling vs spelling bee 说明："spelling"拼写活动/形式；"spelling bee"拼写比赛。 例句：Spelling is hard for me. / Let's have a spelling bee. 考点五 重点用法：spelling of 说明：the spelling of(…的拼写)：the spelling of the word(那个单词的拼写)。 例句：Please check the spelling of these words. nearby /ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/ adv.; adj. 在附近；附近的 课本原句：They asked me about the restaurants nearby, and I answered them in English. 考点一 词形转换 说明："nearby"既是形容词(附近的)也是副词(在附近)。 例句：We live in a nearby village. 考点二 同义转换：nearby 说明：nearby = close / near / in the vicinity(附近的)；nearby = not far away(不远)。 例句：He lives nearby. (= He lives not far away.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a nearby town(附近的城镇)；live nearby(住在附近)；nearby shops(附近的商店)。 例句：There is a park nearby. 考点四 词义辨析：nearby vs near 说明："nearby"只能作定语或副词；"near"可作定语、表语或介词。 例句：a nearby shop / a near shop (不正确) / The shop is near. 考点五 重点用法：作定语 说明："nearby"作定语只放名词前：a nearby restaurant。 例句：She works at a nearby school. to one's surprise 短语 令某人惊讶的是 课本原句：To my surprise, they could not understand my English, and I had to repeat myself many times. 考点一 词形转换 说明："to one's surprise"是固定短语，one's随主语变化：to his/her/their surprise。 例句：To my surprise, he passed the exam. 考点二 同义转换：to one's surprise 说明：to one's surprise = surprisingly / what surprises sb(令某人惊讶的是)。 例句：To my surprise, she won. (= Surprisingly, she won.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：to one's surprise(令某人惊讶的是)；to everyone's surprise(令每个人惊讶的是)；much to one's surprise(令某人非常惊讶的是)。 例句：To our surprise, it rained heavily. 考点四 词义辨析：to one's surprise vs surprisingly 说明："to one's surprise"短语作状语；"surprisingly"副词修饰整个句子。 例句：To my surprise, he left. / Surprisingly, he left. 考点五 重点用法：to one's + 抽象名词 说明：to one's + 抽象名词(表示情感)：to one's joy(令某人高兴的是)；to one's delight(令某人欣慰的是)。 例句：To his delight, he got the gift. repeat /rɪˈpiːt/ vt. 重复 课本原句：I had to repeat myself many times. 考点一 词形转换 说明："repeat"是及物/不及物动词(重复)。名词"repetition"(重复)；形容词"repeated"(反复的)。 例句：Please repeat the sentence. 考点二 同义转换：repeat 说明：repeat = say again / do again / echo(重复)；repeat = redo(再做一次)。 例句：Repeat the word. (= Say the word again.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：repeat oneself(重复说过的话)；repeat after me(跟我读)；repeat the word(重复这个词)。 例句：He often repeats himself. 考点四 词义辨析：repeat vs rehearse 说明："repeat"重复说/做；"rehearse"排练/预演。 例句：repeat a sentence / rehearse a play 考点五 重点用法：repeat的双宾语 说明：repeat可接双宾语：repeat sb sth = repeat sth to sb。 例句：He repeated me the story. (= He repeated the story to me.) tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ n. 游客，观光者 课本原句：I even work as a volunteer to help foreign tourists in my free time. 考点一 词形转换 说明："tourist"由tour(旅行)+后缀-ist构成。复数tourists。 例句：Many tourists visit the Great Wall every year. 考点二 同义转换：tourist 说明：tourist = traveler / visitor / sightseer(游客，观光者)。 例句：He is a tourist. (= He is a traveler.) 考点三 固定搭配 说明：a foreign tourist(外国游客)；a tourist attraction(旅游景点)；tourist guide(导游)。 例句：Beijing is a popular tourist attraction. 考点四 词义辨析：tourist vs traveler 说明："tourist"短期观光客；"traveler"长期旅行者。 例句：Tourists usually stay for a few days. Travelers may stay longer. 考点五 重点用法：tourist class 说明：tourist class(经济舱)：He travelled in tourist class. 例句：Tourist class is cheaper than first class. - 1 - 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $