Unit 1 Back to school Reading 基础小练-2026-2027学年高一上学期英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 牛津译林版必修一U1 Reading基础小练，聚焦单元核心词汇（如potential, challenge）及基础语法，通过分层题型强化语言能力与学习能力，适配新授课巩固需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |单词拼写|28题|核心词汇变形（如independent, goals）|结合语境考查词形转换，强化词汇记忆| |短语填空|10题|固定搭配（如take advantage of, make a difference）|设置情景对话，提升短语运用能力| |单句填空|30题|词汇转换（如confident→confidence）与语法（如倒装句lies）|兼顾词性变化与语法规则，培养语言准确性| |完成句子|8题|综合表达（如“平衡学习和休闲时间”）|融合词汇、语法与意义表达，提升语言综合应用能力|

牛津译林版必修一U1 Back to School Reading 基础小练 词汇表中核心单词 potential, senior, path, challenge, thinking, positive, opportunity, acquire, effort, advance, amazing, confidence, resource, facility, equal, attitude, goal, balance, improve, well-rounded, individual, character, responsible, ahead, junior, forward, independent Ⅰ. 单词拼写（根据首字母或中文提示完成单词） 1. His listening skills have i________ greatly since he started watching English movies every day. 2. I________ learning encourages students to take charge of their own study schedule and goals. 3. To make the most of your high school years, you should set clear g________ for yourself. 4. The teacher gave every student the o________ to share their ideas in class. 5. She gradually lost her c________ in herself after failing the exam three times. 6. Every student has the p________ to succeed if they work hard enough. 7. As a s________ high school student, she has already made a clear plan for her future. 8. The new project is a big c________, but I believe we can handle it. 9. Critical t________ is an important skill that helps students solve problems effectively. 10. We should always keep a p________ attitude towards life, even when we face difficulties. 11. Success requires continuous e________, and giving up halfway will lead to nothing. 12. Please submit your application at least one week in a________. 13. The view from the top of the mountain was truly a________. 14. Students are encouraged to make full use of school r________ to improve their learning. 15. The school has built new sports f________ to provide better conditions for students. 16. All students should be treated e________ regardless of their family background. 17. A positive a________ towards learning can greatly affect your progress. 18. Schools aim to help students become w________ individuals who can face future challenges. 19. As a team leader, you should be r________ for organizing the group activities. 20. If you keep working hard, you will surely go a________ in your studies. 21. J________ high school students usually need more guidance from teachers. 22. I’m really looking f________ to joining the school English club next term. 23. The city's transportation system has ________ (发展) rapidly in recent years. 24. Teenagers often have difficulty ________ (平衡) their academic work and extracurricular activities. 25. The program is designed to help ________ (个人) build skills for future careers. 26. Good reading habits can greatly shape a child's ________ (性格). 27. Many people believe that traveling is a great way of ________ (获取) new experiences and knowledge. 28. Hard work is the ________ (途径) to success, and there are no shortcuts. Ⅱ. 短语填空(用所给短语的适当形式填空，有两项多余) open the door to; look forward to; make the most of; have confidence in; lead to; lie in; be responsible for; rise to; make a difference; last but not least; in time; take advantage of 1. Her greatest strength ________ her patience and creativity. 2. The narrow road that ________ the village was blocked by heavy snow. 3. ________ tomorrow. Believe that better days are waiting for you. 4. The exam was tough, but she managed to ________ the occasion. 5. You should ________ your team members and trust their abilities. 6. A single act of kindness can ________ to someone in need. 7. —Why is she so upset? —Some people are ________ her generosity. 8. She is good at math. She also excels in English. ________, she has won several speech contests. 9. If you keep working hard, your dream will come true ________. 10. As the monitor of our class, he ________ organizing all the class activities. Ⅲ. 单句填空 A)词汇知识运用 1. The new job is ________ (challenge), but I believe I can handle it well. 2. There has been a slight ________ (improve) in his health since he started exercising regularly. 3. All students, regardless of their background, should be ________ (equal) treated in the classroom. 4. The view from the top of the mountain was truly ________ (amaze). 5. As a team leader, she always shows a strong sense of ________ (responsible). 6. With the teacher's encouragement, she gained more ________ (confident) in public speaking. 7. The school encourages students to study ________ (depend) and take charge of their own learning. 8. She spoke with great ________ (confident) during the speech competition. 9. The school has made great ________ (improve) in teaching quality this year. 10. Hard work and persistence are the keys to ________ (acquire) new knowledge. 11. She handled the situation in a very ________ (profession) manner, showing great maturity. 12. Technology has ________ (advance) rapidly in the past decade, changing our lives significantly. 13. The student is very ________ (resource) and can always find creative solutions to difficult problems. 14. The new computer lab will ________ (facility) students' access to online learning materials. 15. The school promotes ________ (equal) among all students, regardless of their family background or academic performance. 16. The school encourages students to develop their own ________ (individual) and pursue their unique interests. 17. It is ________ (character) of him to arrive early and prepare everything in advance. 18. The ________ (acquire) of a second language requires years of practice and dedication. 19. The novel is ________ (character) by its vivid descriptions of rural life. 20. He solved the math problem ________ (effort), as if it were child's play. B)语法知识运用 1. The new neighbor always takes a warm attitude ________ the elderly people in the community. 2. If you want to succeed in the competition, you must make every effort ________ (prepare) for it. 3. At the foot of the mountain ________ (lie) a beautiful little village, a famous tourist attraction in the region. 4. Please submit your application at least one week ________ advance. 5. After a year of hard work, you will find yourself ________ (become) a more confident person. 6. ________ great value are honesty, kindness, and perseverance in building strong relationships. 7. ________ the ancient wisdom reminds us, a tower of many stories rises from the ground below. 8. A good teacher will help you open doors to knowledge, ________ you alone are responsible for walking through them and exploring the world beyond. 9. Take advantage of your textbooks, learn from your experiences and mistakes, ________ make use of every opportunity to grow. 10. Not everyone has the opportunity ________(receive) a good education, so we should cherish what we have. Ⅳ. 完成句子 1. __________________________ (对未来的挑战有信心) will help you face difficulties bravely. 2. As a team leader, you should ____________________________ (对团队的表现负责). 3. My teacher advised me to manage my time well, set clear goals and ____________________________ (平衡我的学习和休闲时间). 4. The school encourages students to ________________________________ (充分利用图书馆资源), and __________________________ (不断努力提高他们的技能). 5. ____________________ (同样重要的是) a healthy diet. It will ________________________ (对我们的身体产生很大的影响). 6. Our country __________________________________________ (在经济上取得巨大进步) in recent years. 7. If you want to achieve your dreams, you must ____________________________________ (对困难持积极态度). 8. I'm __________________________________ (期待着参观你的学校) and hope you can show me around. 参考答案： Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. His listening skills have i________ greatly since he started watching English movies every day. 答案：improved 译文：自从他开始每天看英文电影以来，他的听力技能已经有了很大的提高。 2. I________ learning encourages students to take charge of their own study schedule and goals. 答案：Independent 译文：自主学习鼓励学生掌控自己的学习计划和目标。 3. To make the most of your high school years, you should set clear g________ for yourself. 答案：goals 译文：为了充分利用高中时光，你应该为自己设定明确的目标。 4. The teacher gave every student the o________ to share their ideas in class. 答案：opportunity 译文：老师给了每个学生机会在课堂上分享他们的想法。 5. She gradually lost her c________ in herself after failing the exam three times. 答案：confidence 译文：三次考试不及格后，她逐渐失去了对自己的信心。 6. Every student has the p________ to succeed if they work hard enough. 答案：potential 译文：如果足够努力，每个学生都有成功的潜力。 7. As a s________ high school student, she has already made a clear plan for her future. 答案：senior 译文：作为一名高中高年级学生，她已经为未来制定了明确的计划。 8. The new project is a big c________, but I believe we can handle it. 答案：challenge 译文：这个新项目是一个巨大的挑战，但我相信我们能应对。 9. Critical t________ is an important skill that helps students solve problems effectively. 答案：thinking 译文：批判性思维是一项帮助学生有效解决问题的重要技能。 10. We should always keep a p________ attitude towards life, even when we face difficulties. 答案：positive 译文：我们应该始终保持积极的生活态度，即使面对困难。 11. Success requires continuous e________, and giving up halfway will lead to nothing. 答案：effort 译文：成功需要持续的努力，半途而废将一事无成。 12. Please submit your application at least one week in a________. 答案：advance 译文：请至少提前一周提交申请。 13. The view from the top of the mountain was truly a________. 答案：amazing 译文：从山顶看到的景色真的令人惊叹。 14. Students are encouraged to make full use of school r________ to improve their learning. 答案：resources 译文：鼓励学生充分利用学校资源来提高学习水平。 15. The school has built new sports f________ to provide better conditions for students. 答案：facilities 译文：学校建造了新的体育设施，为学生提供更好的条件。 16. All students should be treated e________ regardless of their family background. 答案：equally 译文：所有学生都应被平等对待，不论其家庭背景。 17. A positive a________ towards learning can greatly affect your progress. 答案：attitude 译文：积极的学习态度会极大地影响你的进步。 18. Schools aim to help students become w________ individuals who can face future challenges. 答案：well-rounded 译文：学校旨在帮助学生成为能够面对未来挑战的全面发展的人。 19. As a team leader, you should be r________ for organizing the group activities. 答案：responsible 译文：作为团队负责人，你应该负责组织团队活动。 20. If you keep working hard, you will surely go a________ in your studies. 答案：ahead 译文：如果你持续努力，你一定会在学业上取得进步。 21. J________ high school students usually need more guidance from teachers. 答案：Junior 译文：高中低年级学生通常需要老师更多的指导。 22. I'm really looking f________ to joining the school English club next term. 答案：forward 译文：我真的很期待下学期加入学校英语社团。 23. The city's transportation system has ________ (发展) rapidly in recent years. 答案：advanced 译文：这座城市的交通系统近年来发展迅速。 24. Teenagers often have difficulty ________ (平衡) their academic work and extracurricular activities. 答案：balancing 译文：青少年常常难以平衡学业和课外活动。 25. The program is designed to help ________ (个人) build skills for future careers. 答案：individuals 译文：该项目旨在帮助个人培养未来职业所需的技能。 26. Good reading habits can greatly shape a child's ________ (性格). 答案：character 译文：良好的阅读习惯可以极大地塑造孩子的性格。 27. Many people believe that traveling is a great way of ________ (获取) new experiences and knowledge. 答案：acquiring 译文：许多人认为旅行是获取新经验和知识的好方法。 28. Hard work is the ________ (途径) to success, and there are no shortcuts. 答案：path 译文：勤奋是通往成功的途径，没有捷径。 Ⅱ. 短语填空（原题 + 答案 + 译文） 1. Her greatest strength ________ her patience and creativity. 答案：lies in 译文：她最大的优势在于她的耐心和创造力。 2. The narrow road that ________ the village was blocked by heavy snow. 答案：leads to 译文：通往村庄的那条狭窄道路被大雪封住了。 3. ________ tomorrow. Believe that better days are waiting for you. 答案：Look forward to 译文：期待明天吧。相信更好的日子在等着你。 4. The exam was tough, but she managed to ________ the occasion. 答案：rise to 译文：考试很难，但她成功地应对了这一挑战。 5. You should ________ your team members and trust their abilities. 答案：have confidence in 译文：你应该对团队成员有信心，相信他们的能力。 6. A single act of kindness can ________ to someone in need. 答案：make a difference 译文：一个善举就能给需要帮助的人带来改变。 7. —Why is she so upset? —Some people are ________ her generosity. 答案：taking advantage of 译文：——她为什么这么难过？——有些人在利用她的慷慨。 8. She is good at math. She also excels in English. ________, she has won several speech contests. 答案：Last but not least 译文：她擅长数学，英语也很出色。最后但同样重要的是，她还赢得了多次演讲比赛。 9. If you keep working hard, your dream will come true ________. 答案：in time 译文：如果你持续努力，你的梦想终会实现。 10. As the monitor of our class, he ________ organizing all the class activities. 答案：is responsible for 译文：作为班长，他负责组织所有的班级活动。 Ⅲ. 单句填空 A) 词汇知识运用 1. The new job is ________ (challenge), but I believe I can handle it well. 答案：challenging 解析： 此处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语 the new job。challenge 的形容词形式有 challenging（令人感到有挑战性的）和 challenged（有能力的），根据句意"这份工作很有挑战性"，应填 challenging。 译文： 这份新工作很有挑战性，但我相信我能很好地应对。 2. There has been a slight ________ (improve) in his health since he started exercising regularly. 答案：improvement 解析： 此处需要名词作主语（a slight ___），improve 的名词形式为 improvement（改善、进步）。slight 为形容词，修饰名词 improvement。 译文： 自从他开始定期锻炼以来，他的健康状况有了轻微的改善。 3. All students, regardless of their background, should be ________ (equal) treated in the classroom. 答案：equally 解析： 此处需要副词修饰动词 treated（被动语态），equal 的副词形式为 equally（平等地）。 译文： 所有学生，无论背景如何，在课堂上都应该被平等对待。 4. The view from the top of the mountain was truly ________ (amaze). 答案：amazing 解析： 此处需要形容词作表语，修饰物 the view（景色）。-ing 形式的形容词 amazing（令人惊叹的）修饰事物，-ed 形式的 amazed（感到惊叹的）修饰人，此处修饰景色，故填 amazing。 译文： 从山顶看到的景色 truly 令人惊叹。 5. As a team leader, she always shows a strong sense of ________ (responsible). 答案：responsibility 解析： 此处需要名词作介词 of 的宾语。responsible 是形容词，其名词形式为 responsibility（责任感）。a strong sense of responsibility 意为"强烈的责任感"。 译文： 作为团队负责人，她总是表现出强烈的责任感。 6. With the teacher's encouragement, she gained more ________ (confident) in public speaking. 答案：confidence 解析： 此处需要名词作 gained 的宾语。confident 是形容词，其名词形式为 confidence（信心）。gain confidence in 意为"在……方面获得信心"。 译文： 在老师的鼓励下，她在公开演讲方面获得了更多信心。 7. The school encourages students to study ________ (depend) and take charge of their own learning. 答案：independently 解析： 此处需要副词修饰动词 study。depend 的形容词为 independent（独立的），副词形式为 independently（独立地）。 译文： 学校鼓励学生独立学习，并掌控自己的学习。 8. She spoke with great ________ (confident) during the speech competition. 答案：confidence 解析： 此处需要名词作介词 with 的宾语。confident 是形容词，其名词形式为 confidence（信心）。with great confidence 意为"非常有信心地"。 译文： 她在演讲比赛中表现得非常有信心。 9. The school has made great ________ (improve) in teaching quality this year. 答案：improvements 解析： 此处需要名词作 made 的宾语。improve 的名词形式为 improvement（改善）。make improvements in 为固定搭配，意为"在……方面取得进步"，此处用复数形式 improvements 表示多方面的改善。 译文： 学校今年在教学质量方面取得了很大进步。 10. Hard work and persistence are the keys to ________ (acquire) new knowledge. 答案：acquiring 解析： 此处 to 为介词（the key to doing sth. 做某事的关键），后接动名词。acquire 的动名词形式为 acquiring。 译文： 努力和坚持是获取新知识的关键。 11. She handled the situation in a very ________ (profession) manner, showing great maturity. 答案：professional 解析： 此处需要形容词修饰名词 manner。profession 是名词（职业），其形容词形式为 professional（专业的、职业的）。 译文： 她以一种非常专业的方式处理了这种情况，显示出极大的成熟。 12. Technology has ________ (advance) rapidly in the past decade, changing our lives significantly. 答案：advanced 解析： 此处为现在完成时（has + 过去分词），advance 的过去分词为 advanced（发展、进步）。in the past decade 是现在完成时的典型时间状语。 译文： 过去十年来，科技飞速发展，极大地改变了我们的生活。 13. The student is very ________ (resource) and can always find creative solutions to difficult problems. 答案：resourceful 解析： 此处需要形容词作表语。resource 是名词（资源），其形容词形式为 resourceful（足智多谋的、善于想办法的），注意不是 resourceless（无资源的）。后半句"总能找到创造性的方法"也印证了"足智多谋"的含义。 译文： 这个学生非常足智多谋，总能找到创造性的方法解决困难问题。 14. The new computer lab will ________ (facility) students' access to online learning materials. 答案：facilitate 解析： 此处需要动词原形（will 后接动词原形）。facility 是名词（设施），其动词形式为 facilitate（促进、使便利）。facilitate sb.'s access to 意为"使某人能够更容易地获取……"。 译文： 新的计算机实验室将方便学生获取在线学习材料。 15. The school promotes ________ (equal) among all students, regardless of their family background or academic performance. 答案：equality 解析： 此处需要名词作 promotes 的宾语。equal 是形容词，其名词形式为 equality（平等）。promote equality 意为"倡导平等"。 译文： 学校在所有学生中倡导平等，无论其家庭背景或学业成绩如何。 16. The school encourages students to develop their own ________ (individual) and pursue their unique interests. 答案：individuality 解析： 此处需要名词作 develop 的宾语。individual 可作形容词（个人的）或名词（个人），其抽象名词形式为 individuality（个性、独特性）。develop one's individuality 意为"发展个性"。 译文： 学校鼓励学生发展自己的个性，追求独特的兴趣。 17. It is ________ (character) of him to arrive early and prepare everything in advance. 答案：characteristic 解析： 此处需要形容词作表语。character 是名词（性格、特征），其形容词形式为 characteristic（典型的、特有的）。It is characteristic of sb. to do sth. 是固定句型，意为"做某事是某人的典型特点"。 译文： 他提前到达并准备好一切，这是他的典型特点。 18. The ________ (acquire) of a second language requires years of practice and dedication. 答案：acquisition 解析： 此处需要名词作主语（the ___ of...）。acquire 是动词，其名词形式为 acquisition（习得、获得）。the acquisition of a second language 意为"第二语言的习得"。 译文： 习得一门第二语言需要多年的练习和投入。 19. The novel is ________ (character) by its vivid descriptions of rural life. 答案：characterized 解析： 此处为被动语态（be + 过去分词）。character 的过去分词形式为 characterized，be characterized by 是固定搭配，意为"以……为特征"。 译文： 这部小说以其对农村生活的生动描写为特征。 20. He solved the math problem ________ (effort), as if it were child's play. 答案：effortlessly 解析： 此处需要副词修饰动词 solved。effort 是名词（努力），其形容词为 effortless，副词形式为 effortlessly（毫不费力地）。后半句"仿佛是小菜一碟"也印证了"毫不费力"的含义。 译文： 他毫不费力地解出了这道数学题，仿佛是小菜一碟。 B) 语法知识运用 1. The new neighbor always takes a warm attitude ________ the elderly people in the community. 答案：towards 解析： take a warm attitude towards 是固定搭配，意为"对……持温暖的态度"，towards 表示方向或态度指向。 译文： 新搬来的邻居总是对社区里的老人们持温暖的态度。 2. If you want to succeed in the competition, you must make every effort ________ (prepare) for it. 答案：to prepare 解析： make every effort to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为"尽一切努力做某事"，to do 作目的状语修饰 effort。 译文： 如果你想在这场比赛中获胜，你必须尽一切努力做好准备。 3. At the foot of the mountain ________ (lie) a beautiful little village, a famous tourist attraction in the region. 答案：lies 解析： 这是一个完全倒装句。正常语序为 A beautiful little village lies at the foot of the mountain. 主语 a beautiful little village 是第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 lies。 译文： 山脚下有一个美丽的小村庄，是当地著名的旅游景点。 4. Please submit your application at least one week ________ advance. 答案：in 解析： in advance 是固定搭配，意为"提前、预先"。at least one week in advance 意为"至少提前一周"。 译文： 请至少提前一周提交你的申请。 5. After a year of hard work, you will find yourself ________ (become) a more confident person. 答案：becoming 解析： find oneself doing sth. 是固定搭配，意为"发现自己不知不觉中变得……"，用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行或自然发展。 译文： 经过一年的努力工作，你会发现自已变成了一个更加自信的人。 6. ________ great value are honesty, kindness, and perseverance in building strong relationships. 答案：Of 解析： 这是一个完全倒装句。正常语序为 Honesty, kindness, and perseverance in building strong relationships are of great value. of + 名词 相当于该名词对应的形容词，of great value = very valuable。句首倒装起强调作用，故填 Of。 译文： 在建立牢固关系方面，诚实、善良和毅力具有极高的价值。 7. ________ the ancient wisdom reminds us, a tower of many stories rises from the ground below. 答案：As 解析： As 引导非限制性定语从句，意为"正如……所提醒我们的"。As 在此指代后面整个主句的内容，As the ancient wisdom reminds us 为固定用法。 译文： 正如古语所提醒我们的，万丈高楼平地起。 8. A good teacher will help you open doors to knowledge, ________ you alone are responsible for walking through them and exploring the world beyond. 答案：yet 解析： yet 在此作并列连词，表示转折，意为"然而"。前半句说老师帮助你打开知识的大门，后半句转折强调个人责任，与仿写句型一致。 译文： 一个好的老师会帮你打开知识的大门，然而只有你自己才肩负着走过那扇门、探索更广阔世界的责任。 9. Take advantage of your textbooks, learn from your experiences and mistakes, ________ make use of every opportunity to grow. 答案：and 解析： 三个祈使句并列，构成 Take..., learn..., and... 的结构，and 连接最后一个并列成分，表示递进关系。 译文： 利用你的教科书，从你的经历和错误中学习，并利用每一个成长的机会。 10. Not everyone has the opportunity ________ (receive) a good education, so we should cherish what we have. 答案：to receive 解析： opportunity to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为"做某事的机会"，to do 作后置定语修饰 opportunity。 译文： 并非每个人都有机会接受良好的教育，所以我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的。 Ⅳ. 完成句子（原题 + 答案） 1. __________________________ (对未来的挑战有信心) will help you face difficulties bravely. 答案：Having confidence in the challenges of the future 2. As a team leader, you should ____________________________ (对团队的表现负责). 答案：be responsible for the team's performance 3. My teacher advised me to manage my time well, set clear goals and ____________________________ (平衡我的学习和休闲时间). 答案：balance my study and leisure time 4. The school encourages students to ________________________________ (充分利用图书馆资源), and __________________________ (不断努力提高他们的技能). 答案：make the most of the library resources；make continuous efforts to improve their skills 5. ____________________ (同样重要的是) a healthy diet. It will ________________________ (对我们的身体产生很大的影响). 答案：Of equal importance is；make a significant difference to our health 6. Our country __________________________________________ (在经济上取得巨大进步) in recent years. 答案：has achieved huge progress in the economy 7. If you want to achieve your dreams, you must ____________________________________ (对困难持积极态度). 答案：keep a positive attitude towards difficulties 8. I'm __________________________________ (期待着参观你的学校) and hope you can show me around. 答案：looking forward to visiting your school 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $