内容正文:
语法清单04 初高中衔接语法复习清单(介词和连词)
01 重点速记—语法清单(介词和连词)
02 难点再现
03 复习提升
· 语法清单
考点
初中阶段
高中阶段
介词
要求学生主要掌握基本的时间、地位、方位介词,以及一些常用的介词短语与介词搭配。
除了上述用法,还要求掌握时间介词辨析,方位介词辨析,介词短语归类,同形容词与不同介词搭配辨析,易混介词短语,以及介词的省略等。
连词
要求学生主要掌握基本的时间、地位、方位连词,以及一些常用的连词。
除了上述用法,还要求掌握一些特殊的从句连词
重点一 介词
考点一 介词的分类
1. 时间介词at/in/on/ since/ after
at
多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前或固定搭配at noon, at midnight, at night, at lunchtime。
in
用于表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及一天的上午、下午、晚上,如:in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。用于表示“从现在起,多久以后”,如in an hour
on
表示在具体的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时, 如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。
since
自从。表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用。(since+过去的时间点)如:I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
after
之后。词组所表示的时段是过去,因而要与一般过去时连用。例如:After five days the boy came back.
before
在......以前
during
在......期间,“during +时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作
by
“by+时间点”表示“到......以前为止”
from
说明开始的时间
for
“for+时间段”,常与现在完成时连用
2. 方位介词 in/ on/ at/over/ above/ to/ in front of/ in the front of/ across/ through/by
at
一般指小地方。
on
往往表示“在某个物体的表面”;指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面;on表示A、B地接壤.(外切关系)
in
一般指大地方或某个范围之内;
表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系)
over
表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under;
表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触。
above
也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是below。
to
表示A、B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系)
in front of
表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外
in the front of
表示“在……的前部”,在某个范围以内
across
指横穿,穿过。表示从......表面上经过。
through
指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过。
by
表示从某人/某物的旁边经过。
3. 方式介词 with/ in/ by
with
表示 “用…” 一般指用具体有形的工具。
表伴随,“带有,含有”
in
表示用某种语言、方式、途径或书写/绘画所用的材料。
Can you say it in English? He wrote a letter in blue ink.
by
by表示方式,方法
I study for a test by working with a group. He makes a living by selling newspapers.
【拓展延伸】besides/ except/ except for 的辨析
besides
除了……之外还有,即除了的部分包含在内
except
除了……,除了的部分不包含在内
except for
除了……,说明整体情况后,对细节加以纠正,后接名词和代词;except for和except不同之处是:前者“除开”的部分和论述的部分通常不是同一类事物,而后者则为同一类事物
考点二 介词短语的分类
1. 动词+介词
do well in 在……方面做得好 laugh at 嘲笑
look like 看起来像 depend on 依靠
leave for 出发前往 talk to 与……谈话
【温馨提示】要区别“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的短语,前者的宾语只可接在介词之后,后者当宾语为名词时可放在副词前或后,当宾语为代词时只可放在动词和副词之前
2.介词+名词
▲at的介词短语
at a time 一次,每次 at night/noon 在夜里/中午
at first 最初,开始时 at home 在家,随便
at last 最后 at once 立即,同时
at least 至少 at most 至多
at play(work) 在玩耍(工作) at present 现在,目前
at the same time (与此)同时 at times 有时候
at the age of… 在……岁时 at the end of… 在……之末
at the beginning of… 在……之初 at the foot of… 在……脚下
▲by的介词短语
by air 航空 by bus (plane, etc) 坐巴士(飞机等)
by chance 偶然 by the way 顺便说一句
by mistake 错误地,误把… by turns 轮流
by the end of… 到……底为止 day by day日复一日
by hand用手,手工,亲手 one by one一个接一个
by oneself 亲自
▲in的介词短语
in all 总共 in no time 立刻,很快
in any case (event) 不管怎样,反正 in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债 in demand 有需求
in detail 详细地 in fact 实际上
in general 一般说来 in one’s opinion 在(某人)看来
in order to (that) 以便,为了 in other words 换句话说
in person 亲自 in trouble处于困境
in practice 实际上 in public(private) 公开(私下)地
in regard to 关于 in short 总之
in the end 最后 in the middle of 在…中间
in time 及时 in turn 依次
in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时 in a hurry 匆忙
▲on的介词短语
on board 在船(飞机)上 on fire 着火
on foot 步行 on holiday 在度假
on sale 在出售 on time 准时
on the way 在路上 on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
on the top of 在…上面 on the other hand 另一方面
on the left (right) 在左(右)边 on the other side of 在……另一边
▲out of的介词短语
out of breath 气喘吁吁 out of work 失业
out of control 失去控制 out of danger 脱离危险
out of doors 在户外 out of fashion 不时新
out of reach 无法得到(拿到) out of temper 发脾气
out of touch(with) 和…失去联系 out of use 不再使用
3. be动词+形容词+介词
be made of 由……制成 be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at sth. 为某事生气 be pleased with 对……感到满意
be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意 be surprised at 对……感到惊讶
be tired of 对……感到厌烦 be interested in 对……感兴趣
be kind to对(某人)亲切; be good at在……做得好;擅长于……
be late for迟到; be afraid of害怕;
be absent from缺席; be proud of以……为自豪;
be fond of 喜欢 be full of 充满
be interested in 对…有兴趣 be confident in 对…有信心
be short of 缺乏 be angry at sth. 为某事生气
be tired of讨厌……/厌倦…… be loyal to 对…忠诚
be worried about 为…担心 be busy with 忙于(某事)
be different from 和…不同 be famous as 作为...而出名
be famous for 因…而出名 be sorry for sth.为……抱歉;
be angry with sb.. 对某人生气 be strict with对……严格要求
be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意 be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意
be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异
重点二 连词
考点一 并列连词
并列关系
and和;both…and 既…又;not only…but also不但……而且;neither…nor既不……也不
转折关系
but但是,however然而,while然而
因果关系
so因此;所以,because因为,for因为
选择关系
or还是;否则,either. . . or 或者……或者
【温馨提示】
1. although/ though与but;because与so不能同时出现在同一个句子中。
2. and和or的用法辨析
(1)and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
(2)否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。
(3)句中含有without时,肯定句中用or,否定句中用and。
(4)and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换。
考点二 从属连词(用于引导从句)
1. 引导宾语从句的从属连词that,if(whether)。
2. 引导状语从句的从属连词
时间
when, whenever, as, while, before, after, until, till, since, as soon as
地点
where, wherever
原因
as, because, since
目的
so that, in order that
结果
so/such. . . that. . .
条件
if, unless
让步
although/though, even though, however, whatever
比较
than, as. . . as. . .
方式
as
一. 单项选择
1. According to some experts, teaching others is, ________, a good method to learn actively.
A. in addition B. in part C. in public D. in trouble
【答案】B
【详解】句意:根据一些专家的观点,教别人在一定程度上是一种积极学习的好方法。
in addition此外;in part部分地,在某种程度上;in public在公共场合;in trouble处于困境中。根据“According to some experts”这一引述来源,表明这是一种部分有效的方法,而非绝对全面的结论,应用in part表示“在某种程度上”。
2. He stayed up late last night, so he was in low ________ today.
A. spirit B. spirits C. moody D. moodily
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他昨晚熬夜到很晚,所以他今天情绪低落。spirit精神;spirits情绪;moody喜怒无常的(形容词);moodily喜怒无常地(副词)。根据固定搭配in low spirits(情绪低落),应填spirits。
3. ________ reading English books, he also watches English movies.
A. In addition B. In addition to C. Except D. Beside
【答案】B
【详解】句意:除了阅读英语书籍,他还看英语电影。In addition此外(副词短语,单独使用,后不接宾语);In addition to除了……之外(还),后接名词/动名词;Except除了(排除在外,不含后者);Beside在……旁边(介词,表位置)。空格后为reading English books(动名词短语),表示“除了阅读英语书之外还看电影”,应用In addition to。
4. Studies show that the first key to success is to have a growth mindset. This means, ________, believing in yourself.
A. in fact B. in part C. in total D. in time
【答案】B
【详解】句意:研究表明,成功的首要关键是拥有成长型思维。这在一定程度上意味着要相信自己。in fact事实上;in part部分地,在某种程度上;in total总共;in time及时。结合成长型思维的定义可知其包含多个方面,相信自己只是其中一部分,in part符合语境。应填in part。
5. ________ my mother’s love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects.
A. Because B. Because of C. Since D. As
【答案】B
【详解】句意:由于我妈妈对阅读的热爱,我们家充满了不同主题的书籍。Because因为;Because of由于;Since既然;As因为。because、since、as均为连词,后接完整句子;because of为介词短语,后接名词或名词短语。根据空后“my mother’s love of reading”是名词短语可知,需用because of。故选B。
6. ________ his mother’s help, he managed to finish the project on time.
A. In B. At C. With D. For
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在妈妈的帮助下,他设法按时完成了这个项目。In在……里面;At在,后接时间点、小地点;With借助,带有;For为了。固定搭配with one’s help意为“在某人的帮助下”。因此填介词with。
7. This small village has developed rapidly ________ the help of the local government.
A. thanks for B. because C. with D. instead of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在当地政府的帮助下,这个小村庄发展迅速。thanks for因为……而感谢;because因为;with在……方面;instead of而不是。根据空后名词短语“the help of...”,结合短语with the help of意为“在……的帮助下”可知,此处需填入介词with构成固定搭配。because是连词,后需接句子,语法结构不符;thanks for和 instead of代入后语义逻辑不通。
8. —Sorry, Jack. I took your pen home ________.
—Never mind.
A. by mistake B. by heart C. by hand D. by nature
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--对不起,杰克。我误把你的钢笔带回家了。--没关系。by mistake错误地;by heart凭记忆;by hand手工;by nature天生地。根据“Sorry”可知,说话人表示歉意,是因为不小心拿错了别人的笔,符合语境的短语是by mistake。
9. He built many important things ________ bridges, ships, and tunnels.
A. such as B. for example C. such like D. like that
【答案】A
【详解】句意:他建造了许多重要的东西,例如桥梁、船只和隧道。
such as例如(用于列举同类事物);for example例如(通常只举一个例子,后用逗号隔开);such like(非标准表达);like that像那样(不用于列举)。根据“bridges, ships, and tunnels”为列举多个例子,应用such as。
10. ________ the help of my teachers and parents, I have made great progress.
A. Thanks to B. Instead of C. Because of D. According to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:多亏了我的老师和父母的帮助,我取得了很大的进步。
Thanks to多亏;Instead of代替;Because of因为;According to根据。根据“made great progress”,说明是取得了进步,属于积极结果,且源于他人的帮助,应填Thanks to。
一、单项选择
1. The 2026 Lanzhou Marathon took place________ a sunny Sunday morning on May 24th.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:2026年兰州马拉松在5月24日一个阳光明媚的星期日上午举行。in常用于年份、月份、季节或一天中某个宽泛的时间段;on常用于具体的一天,或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上;at常用于具体的某一时刻或时间点;for后通常接表示一段时间的状语。根据空后的“a sunny Sunday morning”可知,虽然核心名词是morning,但由于其前有形容词sunny和具体星期Sunday修饰限定,属于特定某一天的上午,需使用时间介词on。
2. Yangzhou is really beautiful ________ the misty, flowery March.
A. of B. in C. at D. by
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在多雾花香的三月,扬州真的很美。on在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上;in在某年、某月或某个季节;at在具体的时间点;by通过。根据“the misty, flowery March”可知,此处表示在三月这个月份,应填in。
3. The opening ceremony of the 9th Asian Winter Games will be held ________ February 7th, 2026.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:第九届亚洲冬季运动会的开幕式将在2026年2月7日举行。in在……里;on在……上;at在……;for为了。根据“February 7th, 2026”可知,此处指的是具体某一天,应用介词on。故填on。
4. The furniture factory promised that all products are made ________ real wood.
A. of B. for C. in D. into
【答案】A
【详解】句意:家具厂承诺所有产品都是由实木制成的。be made of由……制成;for为了;in 在……里;into变成。be made of表示“由……制成”,能看出原材料;be made in表示“在……制造”。根据句意可知家具由木头制成,能看出原材料,应填of。
5. —Many bookstores plan to offer free coffee ________ the book discount activities this month.
—That sounds great! It can attract more book lovers to visit.
A. behind B. between C. beside D. besides
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--许多书店计划在这个月图书折扣活动之外还有免费咖啡。--那听起来很棒!它能吸引更多爱书人来参观。behind在……后面;between在……之间;beside在……旁边;besides除……之外(还有)。根据“Many bookstores plan to offer free coffee ... the book discount activities this month”可知,书店为了吸引顾客,除了图书折扣活动外,还提供免费咖啡,此处表示“除……之外还有”的包含关系,应填besides。
6. David, ________ his father, ________ playing basketball.
A. like; likes B. likes; like C. like; like D. likes; likes
【答案】A
【详解】句意:大卫,像他的父亲一样,喜欢打篮球。like作介词意为“像”,无形式变化;like作动词意为“喜欢”,主语David是第三人称单数,谓语动词用likes。根据句意可知,第一个空是“像”的意思,用介词like;第二个空是“喜欢”的意思,用动词likes。故选A。
7. ________ Millie ________ Sandy has been to the Great Wall. They both want to go there one day.
A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither; nor
【答案】D
【详解】句意:米莉和桑迪都没去过长城,她们俩都想有一天去那里。Neither; nor表示“两者都不”,谓语遵循就近原则;Both; and表示“两者都”,谓语用复数,Not only; but also表示“不仅……而且……”,谓语遵循就近原则,Either; or表示“或者……或者……”,谓语遵循就近原则。根据“They both want to go there one day”可知,她们都没去过长城,Neither…nor表示两者都没有,符合“两人都没去过长城,都盼着以后去”的语境,而且这个结构作主语时遵循就近原则,和靠近的主语Sandy搭配使用单数助动词has,也符合语法规则。
8. Things in China change so fast. Stay a month ________ you will have enough material for a book.
A. whether B. but C. or D. and
【答案】D
【详解】句意:中国的事物变化如此之快。待一个月,你就会有足够的素材写一本书。whether是否;but但是;or否则;and那么、而(表示顺承)。根据题干“Stay a month”与“you will have enough material”可知,前句是条件,后句是结果,构成“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”结构,表示“做某事,然后(你)就会……”,应填and,表示顺承。
9. I like the school ________ the teachers here are very nice.
A. but B. or C. because D. so
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我喜欢这所学校,因为这里的老师非常好。but但是;or或者;because因为;so所以。根据“the teachers here are very nice”可知,后半句是前半句喜欢学校的原因,前后句构成因果关系,且后句表原因,应填 because。
10. Whatever you do, you must stick to it, ________ you will do nothing.
A. or B. and C. until D. unless
【答案】A
【详解】句意:无论你做什么,你必须坚持下去,否则你将一事无成。or或者,否则;and和,并且;until直到;unless除非。“you must stick to it”和“you will do nothing”前后句意存在转折关系,表示“如果不坚持,就会一事无成”,符合or表示“否则”的用法。
11. —Can you go to the movies with me tonight?
—I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my homework first.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--今晚你能和我一起去看电影吗?--我很想去,但我必须先完成作业。but但是(表示转折);and和,那么(表示顺承);or否则(表示选择或警告);so所以(表示结果)。根据题干“I’d love to”与“I have to finish my homework first”可知,前后是转折关系,应填but。
12. Lily likes learning to dance, ________ she can’t dance well.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
【答案】B
【详解】句意:Lily喜欢学习跳舞,但她跳得不好。and表示并列或顺承关系;but表示转折关系;or表示选择或否定条件;so表示因果关系。前半句“喜欢学习跳舞”与后半句“跳得不好”之间存在转折关系,因此用but连接。故选B。
13. Be nice to others, ________ they will be nice to you in return.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
【答案】C
【详解】句意:善待他人,那么他们也会善待你作为回报。or或者,否则;but但是;and和,那么;so所以。根据“Be nice to others... they will be nice to you in return.”可知,此处是“祈使句 +and+ 陈述句(一般将来时)”结构,表示“如果……,那么……”,表示顺承关系和肯定的结果。故填and。
14. —Take your time, ________ you’ll make another mistake.
—Yes, Mr. Smith.
A. then B. and C. if D. or
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--慢慢来,否则你会再犯一个错误。--好的,史密斯先生。then然后;and和/并且;if如果;or或者/否则。根据“Take your time”和“you’ll make another mistake”可知,前后句意表示“否则”的关系,符合“祈使句+ or +陈述句”结构,意为“做某事,否则会发生某种结果”。
15. ________ China’s space station ________ its lunar exploration project will stop developing in the near future.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
【答案】C
【详解】句意:中国空间站和月球探测项目在近期都不会停止发展。Both...and...……和……都,表肯定;Either...or...要么……要么……,表选择;Neither...nor...既不……也不……,表否定;Not only...but also...不仅……而且……,表递进。根据后句“will stop developing”可知,此处需要填入表否定的并列连词,表示两者都不会停止发展,应填Neither;nor。
16. The little boy was very tired, ________ he still kept on climbing the mountain with his parents.
A. or B. so C. but D. because
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个小男孩很累,但是他仍然和父母一起继续爬山。or或者;so所以;but但是;because因为。根据“The little boy was very tired”与“he still kept on climbing the mountain”可知,前后句意存在转折关系,虽然累但是坚持爬,应用“but”。
17. You can’t pass the English exam ________ you work hard on your words and grammar.
A. since B. unless C. though D. as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你不能通过英语考试,除非你在单词和语法上努力学习。since自从;因为;unless除非;though虽然;as因为;当……时。主句“You can’t pass the English exam”为否定结果,从句“you work hard…”为条件,逻辑上表示“如果不……就不能……”,即“除非”,用unless引导条件状语从句。应填unless。
18. You can hardly imagine how amazing the film Zootopia 2 (《疯狂动物城2》) is ________ you see it for yourself.
A. unless B. if C. although D. since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你几乎想象不出《疯狂动物城2》这部电影有多精彩,除非你亲自观看。unless除非;if如果;although虽然;since自从/既然。根据句子逻辑,除非亲自观影,否则无法想象影片有多精彩,应填unless。
19. —It’s said that Nanjing Salted Duck is very famous and delicious.
—Well, _______ we’re here, why not go to the restaurant and order some?
A. until B. since C. though D. whenever
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--据说南京盐水鸭很有名且美味。--好吧,既然我们在这里,为什么不去餐馆点一些呢?until直到;since既然;though虽然;whenever无论何时。根据“we’re here, why not go to the restaurant and order some”以及选项可知,此处表示“既然我们在这里,可以去餐馆点餐”,since符合语境。
20. ________ poor eyesight has become a common problem among teenagers, schools should cut down unnecessary screen-based homework.
A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. If
【答案】B
【详解】句意:由于视力差已经成为青少年中的一个普遍问题,学校应该减少不必要的基于屏幕的家庭作业。Although虽然;Since由于,既然;Unless除非;If如果。前后句为因果关系,青少年视力差是减少屏幕作业的原因,因此应用Since引导原因状语从句。
21. —DeepSeek is very popular these days. I wonder ________.
—I’m afraid not, it helps a lot, but it can never take the place of our new ideas and feelings.
A. what will happen in the future B. whether we can use it properly
C. how we can control its development D. if it will replace humans in the future
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--DeepSeek 最近很流行。我想知道它未来是否会取代人类。--恐怕不会,它很有帮助,但永远无法取代我们的新想法和情感。根据答语“I’m afraid not”以及后文“it can never take the place of our new ideas and feelings”可知,答语是对“取代人类”这一观点的否定。因此问句应是在询问它将来是否会取代人类,选项D符合这一语境逻辑,其他选项与答语内容不对应。
22. — It is said that Changzhou Damagao is famous and delicious.
— ________ we are here, why not try some?
A. Since B. Unless C. Although D. Whenever
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--据说常州大麻糕很有名且美味。--既然我们在这里,为什么不尝尝呢?
Since既然;由于;Unless除非;Although虽然;Whenever无论何时。句中“why not try some?”是提出建议,结合“we are here”,说明此处表示“既然我们在这儿”,表示原因或理由,since语境。
23. —Have you finished fixing your desk?
—Not yet. I can’t put it together ________ I find the missing parts.
A. unless B. whether C. though D. since
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--你修好你的桌子了吗?--还没有。除非我找到丢失的零件,否则我无法把它组装起来。unless除非;whether是否;though虽然;since自从;因为。根据“I can’t put it together…I find the missing parts.”可知,找到零件是组装桌子的必要条件,unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句,符合逻辑。应填unless。
24. The film Dear You, also known as A Love Letter to Grandma, reminds us that true love lies in long waiting and quiet care, ________ we may not be aware of it.
A. since B. until C. unless D. though
【答案】D
【详解】句意:电影《亲爱的你》,也被称为《给奶奶的一封情书》,提醒我们真爱在于长久的等待和默默的关怀,尽管我们可能没有意识到它。since自从/因为;until直到;unless除非;though虽然/尽管。根据“true love lies in long waiting and quiet care”与“we may not be aware of it”可知,前后句意存在让步转折关系,即虽然可能没意识到,但真爱依然存在,应用though引导让步状语从句。
25. —Have China and the US had deeper communication after this visit?
—No. They won’t ______ they respect each other fully in the talks.
A. unless B. before C. and D. so
【答案】A
【详解】句意:--这次访问后中美进行了更深入的交流吗?--没有。除非他们在会谈中充分尊重彼此,否则双方不会进行更深入的交流。unless除非;before在……之前;and和;so所以。根据答语“No”及语境可知,此处表示“相互尊重”是“深入交流”的必要条件,unless意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句,符合逻辑,故填unless。
26. ________ the Chengdu Panda Base is far from Wuxi, I do want to see the cute pandas there in person one day.
A. Since B. Although C. Because D. But
【答案】B
【详解】句意:虽然成都熊猫基地离无锡很远,但我确实想有一天亲自去那里看可爱的熊猫。Since自从/既然;Although虽然;Because因为;But但是,不能用于句首引导从句。根据后句“I do want to see...”可知,前后句存在让步关系,应使用Although引导让步状语从句。
27. My African friend often complains ________ me ________ the cold weather in winter here.
A. to; about B. of; with C. to; with D. of; about
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的非洲朋友经常向我抱怨这里冬天的寒冷天气。句中核心动词是complain,第一空后接人称代词me,第二空后接the cold weather,符合固定搭配“complain to sb. about sth.”,意思是“向某人抱怨某事”。
28. The Milan-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games took place ________ February 6, 2026.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
【答案】D
【详解】句意:2026年米兰-科尔蒂纳冬奥会于2026年2月6日举行。 at用于具体时刻前,不符合具体日期的语境;in用于年、月、季节等较长时间前,不用于具体某一天;to表示到、向,与题意无关;on用于具体的日期、星期前。“February 6, 2026”是具体日期,用on符合语法。
29. My dream hometown is an amazing place _______ any pollution.
A. with B. without C. out D. in
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我梦想中的家乡是一个没有任何污染的、令人吃惊的地方。with和…一起;without没有;out出来;in在…里面。根据句意dream hometown梦想中的家乡,应该没有污染,故应选B。
30. Lake Park is ________ of Moonlight Middle School.
A. south-east B. north-east C. south-west D. north-west
【答案】D
【详解】句意:湖泊公园在月光中学的西北部。考查名词辨析。south-east东南;north-east东北;south-west西南;north-west西北。根据图片可知,湖泊公园在月光中学的西北部。故选D。
31. To find the treasure, you should swim ________ a big river and then get through the forest.
A. across B. through C. past D. below
【答案】A
【详解】句意:要找到宝藏,你应该游过一条大河,然后穿过森林。考查介词辨析。across从表面穿过;through从内部穿过;past从旁边经过;below在下方。根据“swim ... a big river and then get through the forest”可知,先游过河,再穿过森林,是从河的表面穿过。故选A。
32. —Excuse me, how can I get to the bookstore?
—Go ________ Center Street and turn right ________ the second street.
A. along; to B. down; in C. along; on D. up; at
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--打扰一下,我怎样才能到达书店?--沿着文华街向上走,然后在第二条街右转。考查介词辨析。along沿着;to到;down向下,in通常用于表示在某个范围内,不适用于表示在某个街道上或某个路口;on在……上;up向上;at在这里表示在某个具体的地点或位置。根据句子的意思,我们需要找到表示沿着街道走的短语和表示在某个地点右转的短语。在英文中,go up通常用于表示向上走或沿着街道走,而turn right at用于表示在某个具体地点(如街道口)右转。故选D。
33. When waiting for the bus, Peter turns back to speak to the girl standing ________ him.
A. on B. under C. behind D. before
【答案】C
【详解】句意:等公共汽车时,彼得转过去和站在他身后的女孩说话。考查介词辨析。on在……上;under在……下;behind在……后面;before在……前面。根据“turns back”可知,女孩站在彼得的身后。故选C。
34. My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot.
A. by; by B. on; on C. by; on D. on; by
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我父亲经常骑自行车去上班,但有时他步行。考查介词。“by + 交通工具” 表示出行方式,by bike 意为“骑自行车”;“on foot”是固定短语,意为“步行”,故选C。
35. He found ________ difficult to improve his English the teacher’s help.
A. it is; without B. it was; with
C. it; without D. that is; with
【答案】C
【详解】试题分析:句意:他发现没有老师的帮助,提高他的英语是很困难的。sb find it +形容词+to do sth某人发现做某事怎么样;sb find it is +形容词+to do sth某人发现做某事怎么样;因为主句是found过去时态,所以从句也应用过去时态,排除A;根据句意是没有老师帮助,排除B;D结构不对,这里需要it做形式宾语;故选C。
36. Tan Dun is best known ________ winning an Oscar ________ his music in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.
A. as; for B. as; as C. for; for D. for; as
【答案】C
【详解】句意:谭盾最为人所知的是因为赢得奥斯卡奖,因为他在电影《卧虎藏龙》中的音乐。be known for意为“因⋯⋯而闻名”,后接原因;be known as意为“作为⋯⋯而闻名”,后接身份。win an Oscar for意为“因⋯⋯获得奥斯卡奖”。根据句意,谭盾是因获奖这件事而闻名,且获奖是因为音乐,两处均表原因,使用介词for。应填for;for。
37. —Thanks ________ joining in the talk show!
—You’re welcome.
A. by B. on C. of D. for
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--感谢您参加我们的谈话节目。--不客气。考查介词辨析。by通过;on 在……上;of ……的;for为了。thanks for doing sth.表示“因做某事而感谢”,是固定结构,故选D。
38. You should walk ________ and enjoy the learning trip.
A. at your own speed B. in your own speed
C. on your own speed D. for your own speed
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你应该按照自己的速度行走,享受这次学习之旅。at your own speed按你自己的速度;in your own speed错误表达;on your own speed错误表达;for your own speed错误表达。at one’s own speed“以某人自己的速度”,是固定搭配,其余选项里的介词in、on、for都不能和speed搭配表达这个含义。
39. ________, reading is a good habit that benefits us in many ways.
A. In addition B. In general C. In trouble D. In part
【答案】B
【详解】句意:总的来说,阅读是一个好习惯,它在许多方面对我们有益。In addition另外;In general总的来说;In trouble处于困境中;In part部分地。根据“reading is a good habit that benefits us in many ways”可知,此处是对阅读这一习惯的总体评价,应用表示概括性的短语In general。
40. ________, studies show that students learn more when they study with others.
A. In addition B. In general C. In part D. In trouble
【答案】B
【详解】句意:总的来说,研究表明当学生与他人一起学习时学得更多。In addition另外;In general总的来说;In part部分地;In trouble处于困境中。In general“总的来说”,用来引出概括性结论。
二、单词拼写
1. ________(like) his brother who loves sports, he enjoys painting.
【答案】Unlike
【详解】句意:不像热爱运动的兄弟,他喜欢画画。定语从句交代他的兄弟爱好运动,和后半句他喜爱画画形成鲜明对比,此处需要介词表达“不像”,like添加前缀un构成介词unlike,置于句首首字母大写,应填Unlike。
2. Many volunteers came to help with the flood relief work, ________(include) some college students.
【答案】including
【详解】句意:许多志愿者来帮助抗洪救灾工作,包括一些大学生。including:作介词用,置于被包含的内容之前(结构:整体,including + 部分)。空格位于“some college students”之前,因此使用including。
3. This desk is made ________ wood, and it’s a cheap building ________(material).
【答案】of; material
【详解】句意:这张桌子由木头制成,它是一种廉价的建筑材料。第一空对应固定搭配be made of,表示“由……制成”,能直接看出原材料,符合桌子由木头制成的语境;第二空括号内提示词material“材料”,句中不定冠词a限定,直接使用单数名词material,作building的中心名词,意为“建筑材料”。
4. They fought tooth and nail, with every point ________(feel) like a major battle.
【答案】feeling
【详解】句意:他们拼死争夺,每一分都感觉像是一场大战。所给词feel为动词,意为“感觉”。本句主句为They fought tooth and nail,后半句是with的复合结构作伴随状语,every point是宾语,空处为宾语补足语。宾语every point和动词feel之间是主动关系,因此要用现在分词形式feeling。
5. It’s kind ________ him ________(help) others whenever possible.
【答案】of; to help
【详解】句意:他很善良,只要有可能就去帮助别人。所给词help是动词,意为“帮助”。句型It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 用于形容人的品质,此处kind是描述人的性格品质,第一空填介词of;第二空填动词不定式to help作真正主语,it是形式主语。
6. In ________(add), you can take part in English corners to practice speaking.
【答案】addition
【详解】句意:此外,你还可以参加英语角练习口语。in addition“此外”,固定短语。
7. He always sets new goals for himself at the ________(begin) of the year.
【答案】beginning
【详解】句意:他总是在年初为自己设定新目标。短语at the beginning of,表示“在……的开端”,需要将动词begin转换为名词beginning。
8. We can review what we have learned by ________(watch) recorded lessons.
【答案】watching
【详解】句意:我们可以通过观看录制好的课来复习我们已经学过的内容。by doing sth.“通过做某事”,此处用动名词watching作宾语。
9. ________(many) than forty students joined the sharing activity.
【答案】More
【详解】句意:超过四十名学生参加了这次分享活动。“more than”为固定搭配,意为“超过,多于”,位于句首,首字母要大写。
10. At the _________(begin), we worked _________ hand.
【答案】beginning; by
【详解】句意:起初,我们手工劳作。at the beginning表示“起初”,动词begin需变为名词beginning;by hand表示“手工”,因此第二空填介词by。
11. He finished all the work with great ________(easy).
【答案】ease
【详解】句意:他非常轻松地完成了所有工作。句中“with great...”结构里,形容词“great”修饰名词,括号内“easy”需变为名词形式“ease”,“with great ease”意为“非常轻松地”,符合句子表达“轻松完成工作”的语境,故填ease。
三、完成句子
1. 这位科学家奉献一生做科研,太伟大了。
It is great ________ the scientist ________ devote his whole life to research.
【答案】of; to
【详解】原句中“做……太伟大了”是关键词。固定句型It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth. 用于形容人的品质,It是形式主语,不定式作真正主语。填of;to。
2. Yuan Longping was great to develop new rice to reduce hunger. (改为同义句)
It was great ________ Yuan Longping ________ develop new rice to reduce hunger.
【答案】of; to
【详解】句意:袁隆平培育新水稻来减少饥饿是很了不起的。这里是“It is/was + 形容词 + of/for + sb. + to do sth.”句型,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。当形容词是说明人的品质、性格时,介词用of。句中形容词为great,是对袁隆平行为的评价,体现其品质,因此第一空填of;第二空引出真正的主语,需用动词不定式符号to。
3. 我们常常跟着音乐跳舞。
We often ________ ________ the music.
【答案】dance to
【详解】结合汉语提示可知“跟着音乐跳舞”是关键词语。“跟着音乐跳舞”在英语中的表达是dance to the music,介词to在此表示伴随节奏。句中频度副词often(常常)是一般现在时的标志词。主语We(我们)是复数,谓语动词应用原形 dance。
4. 尽管技术发展和沟通方式发生了变化,沟通的核心一直没有改变——与他人建立联系。
________ the development of technology and the changed ways in which we communicate, the ________ of communication has ________ ________ — ________ with others.
【答案】Despite; core; remained unchanged; Connecting
【详解】原文中“尽管”“核心”“一直没有改变”“与他人建立联系”是关键词,第一空:此处后接名词短语,介词Despite表示“尽管”,不可用连词although/though,在句首引导让步状语;第二空:表示“核心”的名词是core,构成固定搭配the core of,在句中作主语;第三、四空:句子为现在完成时has+过去分词;系动词remain的过去分词是remained,形容词unchanged意为“未改变的”,remain unchanged为固定短语,共同作谓语;第五空:破折号后用来解释主语,需动名词Connecting,构成搭配connect with others,作同位语,解释说明主语the core。
5. 这位护士以她的耐心和爱心赢得了所有病人的赞扬。
The nurse ________ all the patients ________ her patience and love.
【答案】won the praise of; for
【详解】原句中“赢得了……的赞扬”和“以……”是关键词。表示“赢得某人的赞扬”的短语是win the praise of sb.,本句描述过去发生的事(已经赢得),用一般过去时,win的过去式为won,故第一空填won the praise of;表达“以她的耐心和爱心”,即表示“因为/凭借”用介词for。表示原因,第二空填for。故填won the praise of;for。
6. 没有人可以避免在他们生活中的某个时间犯错误。
Nobody can avoid making a mistake ________ ________ ________ in their life.
【答案】at some point
【详解】原句中“在……某个时间”是关键词,英文表达为“at some point”,这是一个固定搭配,表示“在某个时间点”。整个短语“at some point in their life”表示“在他们生命中的某个时间”。
7. 花生不像桃子,果实埋土里。
________ peaches, peanuts ________ fruit underground.
【答案】Unlike; bear
【详解】对比中英句子可知,空格处与“不像”和“埋……里”相对应。中文“不像”位于句首进行比较,后接名词“peaches”,应使用介词unlike,位于句首,首字母大写;中文“果实埋土里”,也就是“结出果实”,用“bear”表示,主语“peanuts”是复数,句子陈述客观事实所以用一般现在时,动词保持原形。故填Unlike;bear。
8. 让我们吃惊的是,这位外国朋友擅长烹制中餐。
________ ________ ________, the foreign friend is good at cooking Chinese food.
【答案】To our surprise
【详解】原句中“让我们吃惊的是”是关键词,表示“让我们吃惊的是”的英文是to our surprise,固定搭配,句首字母大写。
9. 在科技的帮助下,历史不单单是枯燥的事实了。
________________________________ technology, history is ________ ________ boring facts.
【答案】With the help of; more than
【详解】原文中“在……的帮助下”和“不单单是”是关键词。“在……的帮助下”对应的英文短语是with the help of。因为该短语位于句首,所以第一个单词With的首字母必须大写。“不单单是”意为“不仅仅是”,表示程度或范围超出前者,英文中常用more than来表达这一含义。故填With;the;help;of;more;than。
10. 他十四岁时制作了第一个机器人。
He made his first robot ________ ________ ________ ________ fourteen.
【答案】at the age of
【详解】原句中“在十四岁时”是关键词,表示“在……岁时”的常用短语是at the age of。故填at;the;age;of。
11. 他们通过网络向全国各地的人们售卖瓜果蔬菜。
They sell fruit and vegetables ________ to people all ________ ________.
【答案】online; over China
【详解】原句中“通过网络”“全国各地”是关键词,表示“通过网络”的单词是online,在句中作方式状语;“全国各地”对应短语“all over China”,在句中作地点状语。故填online;over;China。
12. 借助新政策,农民们能够轻而易举地卖出农产品。
With the new policy, farmers can sell their farm products __________ __________.
【答案】with ease
【详解】原句中“轻而易举地”是关键词,with ease为固定搭配,意为“轻而易举地、毫不费力地”,该介词短语在句中作状语,修饰动词sell。故填with;ease。
13. 我们应该骑自行车上学而不是坐汽车。
We should ride bikes to school ________ ________ taking cars.
【答案】instead of
【详解】两空:原句中“而不是”是关键词,表示“而不是”的固定短语是instead of,of为介词,后面接动名词,在句中作状语。
14. 这只老鹰张开翅膀然后飞向了远处的山谷。
The eagle spread its wings and then flew ________________.
【答案】towards the distant valley
【详解】句中“向远处的山谷”是关键词。 其中介词towards表示“朝向、向、朝着……方向”。“远处的”形容词用distant,“山谷”使用可数名词valley,此处特指远处的山谷,应使用定冠词the对名词进行修饰,且可数名词使用单数形式,空格处结构应为“介词+冠词+形容词+名词”。故填towards the distant valley。
15. 和大多数同学不一样,她喜欢在周末待在家里看书。
________________, she likes reading books at home on weekends.
【答案】Unlike most of her classmates
【详解】“和……不一样”在句首作状语,常用介词Unlike,句首首字母要大写;“大多数同学”译为most of her classmates。
16. 最重要的是,我们应当学会和身边的人友好相处。
_________ _________, we should learn to get on well with people around us.
【答案】Above all
【详解】原句中“最重要的是”是关键词,表示“最重要的是”的短语是above all,句首单词首字母需要大写。应填Above;all。
17. He is under much stress. He can’t sleep well. (合并为so…that)
He is ________ ________ __________ stress ________ he can’t sleep well.
【答案】under so much; that
【详解】句意:他压力很大。他睡不好。题目要求用so...that...合并句子,under stress是固定介词短语,so much用来修饰不可数名词 stress,要放在stress前面,that后面接完整句子。故填under;so;much;that。
18. 通过做动手实验,我可以把物理和现实生活中的事物联系起来。
________ ________ hands-on experiments, I can ________ physics ________ something in real life.
【答案】By doing; connect; with
【详解】原句中“通过做”和“把……联系起来”是关键词,表示“通过做某事”用by doing sth,句首首字母大写;表示“把……和……联系起来”的短语是connect…with…。本句中情态动词can后接动词原形。
19. 看!那个超市就在拐角附近,我们步行五分钟就能到。
Look! The supermarket is just _________ ________ ________. We can walk there in five minutes.
【答案】around the corner
【详解】原句中“在拐角附近”为关键词,表示“在拐角”的短语为around the corner。
20. 天花曾经是世界上最严重的疾病之一。它历史上夺走了数百万人的生命。
Smallpox ________ ________ be one of the worst global diseases. It killed millions of people ________ ________.【答案】used to; in history
【详解】原句中“曾经是”是关键词,对应固定搭配used to,意为“过去常常/曾经”,后接动词原形be,表示过去的状态。原句中“历史上”是关键词,对应固定短语in history,意为“在历史上”,在句末作时间状语。
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语法清单04 初高中衔接语法复习清单(介词和连词)
01 重点速记—语法清单(介词和连词)
02 难点再现
03 复习提升
· 语法清单
考点
初中阶段
高中阶段
介词
要求学生主要掌握基本的时间、地位、方位介词,以及一些常用的介词短语与介词搭配。
除了上述用法,还要求掌握时间介词辨析,方位介词辨析,介词短语归类,同形容词与不同介词搭配辨析,易混介词短语,以及介词的省略等。
连词
要求学生主要掌握基本的时间、地位、方位连词,以及一些常用的连词。
除了上述用法,还要求掌握一些特殊的从句连词
重点一 介词
考点一 介词的分类
1. 时间介词at/in/on/ since/ after
at
多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前或固定搭配at noon, at midnight, at night, at lunchtime。
in
用于表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及一天的上午、下午、晚上,如:in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。用于表示“从现在起,多久以后”,如in an hour
on
表示在具体的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时, 如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning等。
since
自从。表示的时段一直延续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用。(since+过去的时间点)如:I haven’t heard from him since last summer.
after
之后。词组所表示的时段是过去,因而要与一般过去时连用。例如:After five days the boy came back.
before
在......以前
during
在......期间,“during +时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作
by
“by+时间点”表示“到......以前为止”
from
说明开始的时间
for
“for+时间段”,常与现在完成时连用
2. 方位介词 in/ on/ at/over/ above/ to/ in front of/ in the front of/ across/ through/by
at
一般指小地方。
on
往往表示“在某个物体的表面”;指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面;on表示A、B地接壤.(外切关系)
in
一般指大地方或某个范围之内;
表示A地在B地范围之内.(包含关系)
over
表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under;
表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触。
above
也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方,其反义词是below。
to
表示A、B两地有一定的间距.(外离关系)
in front of
表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某个范围以外
in the front of
表示“在……的前部”,在某个范围以内
across
指横穿,穿过。表示从......表面上经过。
through
指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过。
by
表示从某人/某物的旁边经过。
3. 方式介词 with/ in/ by
with
表示 “用…” 一般指用具体有形的工具。
表伴随,“带有,含有”
in
表示用某种语言、方式、途径或书写/绘画所用的材料。
Can you say it in English? He wrote a letter in blue ink.
by
by表示方式,方法
I study for a test by working with a group. He makes a living by selling newspapers.
【拓展延伸】besides/ except/ except for 的辨析
besides
除了……之外还有,即除了的部分包含在内
except
除了……,除了的部分不包含在内
except for
除了……,说明整体情况后,对细节加以纠正,后接名词和代词;except for和except不同之处是:前者“除开”的部分和论述的部分通常不是同一类事物,而后者则为同一类事物
考点二 介词短语的分类
1. 动词+介词
do well in 在……方面做得好 laugh at 嘲笑
look like 看起来像 depend on 依靠
leave for 出发前往 talk to 与……谈话
【温馨提示】要区别“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的短语,前者的宾语只可接在介词之后,后者当宾语为名词时可放在副词前或后,当宾语为代词时只可放在动词和副词之前
2.介词+名词
▲at的介词短语
at a time 一次,每次 at night/noon 在夜里/中午
at first 最初,开始时 at home 在家,随便
at last 最后 at once 立即,同时
at least 至少 at most 至多
at play(work) 在玩耍(工作) at present 现在,目前
at the same time (与此)同时 at times 有时候
at the age of… 在……岁时 at the end of… 在……之末
at the beginning of… 在……之初 at the foot of… 在……脚下
▲by的介词短语
by air 航空 by bus (plane, etc) 坐巴士(飞机等)
by chance 偶然 by the way 顺便说一句
by mistake 错误地,误把… by turns 轮流
by the end of… 到……底为止 day by day日复一日
by hand用手,手工,亲手 one by one一个接一个
by oneself 亲自
▲in的介词短语
in all 总共 in no time 立刻,很快
in any case (event) 不管怎样,反正 in danger 处于危险中
in debt 负债 in demand 有需求
in detail 详细地 in fact 实际上
in general 一般说来 in one’s opinion 在(某人)看来
in order to (that) 以便,为了 in other words 换句话说
in person 亲自 in trouble处于困境
in practice 实际上 in public(private) 公开(私下)地
in regard to 关于 in short 总之
in the end 最后 in the middle of 在…中间
in time 及时 in turn 依次
in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时 in a hurry 匆忙
▲on的介词短语
on board 在船(飞机)上 on fire 着火
on foot 步行 on holiday 在度假
on sale 在出售 on time 准时
on the way 在路上 on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
on the top of 在…上面 on the other hand 另一方面
on the left (right) 在左(右)边 on the other side of 在……另一边
▲out of的介词短语
out of breath 气喘吁吁 out of work 失业
out of control 失去控制 out of danger 脱离危险
out of doors 在户外 out of fashion 不时新
out of reach 无法得到(拿到) out of temper 发脾气
out of touch(with) 和…失去联系 out of use 不再使用
3. be动词+形容词+介词
be made of 由……制成 be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be angry at sth. 为某事生气 be pleased with 对……感到满意
be satisfied with sth. 对某事感到满意 be surprised at 对……感到惊讶
be tired of 对……感到厌烦 be interested in 对……感兴趣
be kind to对(某人)亲切; be good at在……做得好;擅长于……
be late for迟到; be afraid of害怕;
be absent from缺席; be proud of以……为自豪;
be fond of 喜欢 be full of 充满
be interested in 对…有兴趣 be confident in 对…有信心
be short of 缺乏 be angry at sth. 为某事生气
be tired of讨厌……/厌倦…… be loyal to 对…忠诚
be worried about 为…担心 be busy with 忙于(某事)
be different from 和…不同 be famous as 作为...而出名
be famous for 因…而出名 be sorry for sth.为……抱歉;
be angry with sb.. 对某人生气 be strict with对……严格要求
be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意 be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意
be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异
重点二 连词
考点一 并列连词
并列关系
and和;both…and 既…又;not only…but also不但……而且;neither…nor既不……也不
转折关系
but但是,however然而,while然而
因果关系
so因此;所以,because因为,for因为
选择关系
or还是;否则,either. . . or 或者……或者
【温馨提示】
1. although/ though与but;because与so不能同时出现在同一个句子中。
2. and和or的用法辨析
(1)and用于肯定句中,or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。
(2)否定句中两部分都有否定词时用and连接。
(3)句中含有without时,肯定句中用or,否定句中用and。
(4)and与or(表示“否则”)都可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换。
考点二 从属连词(用于引导从句)
1. 引导宾语从句的从属连词that,if(whether)。
2. 引导状语从句的从属连词
时间
when, whenever, as, while, before, after, until, till, since, as soon as
地点
where, wherever
原因
as, because, since
目的
so that, in order that
结果
so/such. . . that. . .
条件
if, unless
让步
although/though, even though, however, whatever
比较
than, as. . . as. . .
方式
as
一. 单项选择
1. According to some experts, teaching others is, ________, a good method to learn actively.
A. in addition B. in part C. in public D. in trouble
2. He stayed up late last night, so he was in low ________ today.
A. spirit B. spirits C. moody D. moodily
3. ________ reading English books, he also watches English movies.
A. In addition B. In addition to C. Except D. Beside
4. Studies show that the first key to success is to have a growth mindset. This means, ________, believing in yourself.
A. in fact B. in part C. in total D. in time
5. ________ my mother’s love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects.
A. Because B. Because of C. Since D. As
6. ________ his mother’s help, he managed to finish the project on time.
A. In B. At C. With D. For
7. This small village has developed rapidly ________ the help of the local government.
A. thanks for B. because C. with D. instead of
8. —Sorry, Jack. I took your pen home ________.
—Never mind.
A. by mistake B. by heart C. by hand D. by nature
9. He built many important things ________ bridges, ships, and tunnels.
A. such as B. for example C. such like D. like that
10. ________ the help of my teachers and parents, I have made great progress.
A. Thanks to B. Instead of C. Because of D. According to
一、单项选择
1. The 2026 Lanzhou Marathon took place________ a sunny Sunday morning on May 24th.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
2. Yangzhou is really beautiful ________ the misty, flowery March.
A. of B. in C. at D. by
3. The opening ceremony of the 9th Asian Winter Games will be held ________ February 7th, 2026.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
4. The furniture factory promised that all products are made ________ real wood.
A. of B. for C. in D. into
5. —Many bookstores plan to offer free coffee ________ the book discount activities this month.
—That sounds great! It can attract more book lovers to visit.
A. behind B. between C. beside D. besides
6. David, ________ his father, ________ playing basketball.
A. like; likes B. likes; like C. like; like D. likes; likes
7. ________ Millie ________ Sandy has been to the Great Wall. They both want to go there one day.
A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither; nor
8. Things in China change so fast. Stay a month ________ you will have enough material for a book.
A. whether B. but C. or D. and
9. I like the school ________ the teachers here are very nice.
A. but B. or C. because D. so
10. Whatever you do, you must stick to it, ________ you will do nothing.
A. or B. and C. until D. unless
11. —Can you go to the movies with me tonight?
—I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my homework first.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
12. Lily likes learning to dance, ________ she can’t dance well.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
13. Be nice to others, ________ they will be nice to you in return.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
14. —Take your time, ________ you’ll make another mistake.
—Yes, Mr. Smith.
A. then B. and C. if D. or
15. ________ China’s space station ________ its lunar exploration project will stop developing in the near future.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
16. The little boy was very tired, ________ he still kept on climbing the mountain with his parents.
A. or B. so C. but D. because
17. You can’t pass the English exam ________ you work hard on your words and grammar.
A. since B. unless C. though D. as
18. You can hardly imagine how amazing the film Zootopia 2 (《疯狂动物城2》) is ________ you see it for yourself.
A. unless B. if C. although D. since
19. —It’s said that Nanjing Salted Duck is very famous and delicious.
—Well, _______ we’re here, why not go to the restaurant and order some?
A. until B. since C. though D. whenever
20. ________ poor eyesight has become a common problem among teenagers, schools should cut down unnecessary screen-based homework.
A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. If
21. —DeepSeek is very popular these days. I wonder ________.
—I’m afraid not, it helps a lot, but it can never take the place of our new ideas and feelings.
A. what will happen in the future B. whether we can use it properly
C. how we can control its development D. if it will replace humans in the future
22. — It is said that Changzhou Damagao is famous and delicious.
— ________ we are here, why not try some?
A. Since B. Unless C. Although D. Whenever
23. —Have you finished fixing your desk?
—Not yet. I can’t put it together ________ I find the missing parts.
A. unless B. whether C. though D. since
24. The film Dear You, also known as A Love Letter to Grandma, reminds us that true love lies in long waiting and quiet care, ________ we may not be aware of it.
A. since B. until C. unless D. though
25. —Have China and the US had deeper communication after this visit?
—No. They won’t ______ they respect each other fully in the talks.
A. unless B. before C. and D. so
26. ________ the Chengdu Panda Base is far from Wuxi, I do want to see the cute pandas there in person one day.
A. Since B. Although C. Because D. But
27. My African friend often complains ________ me ________ the cold weather in winter here.
A. to; about B. of; with C. to; with D. of; about
28. The Milan-Cortina 2026 Winter Olympic Games took place ________ February 6, 2026.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
29. My dream hometown is an amazing place _______ any pollution.
A. with B. without C. out D. in
30. Lake Park is ________ of Moonlight Middle School.
A. south-east B. north-east C. south-west D. north-west
31. To find the treasure, you should swim ________ a big river and then get through the forest.
A. across B. through C. past D. below
32. —Excuse me, how can I get to the bookstore?
—Go ________ Center Street and turn right ________ the second street.
A. along; to B. down; in C. along; on D. up; at
33. When waiting for the bus, Peter turns back to speak to the girl standing ________ him.
A. on B. under C. behind D. before
34. My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot.
A. by; by B. on; on C. by; on D. on; by
35. He found ________ difficult to improve his English the teacher’s help.
A. it is; without B. it was; with
C. it; without D. that is; with
36. Tan Dun is best known ________ winning an Oscar ________ his music in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.
A. as; for B. as; as C. for; for D. for; as
37. —Thanks ________ joining in the talk show!
—You’re welcome.
A. by B. on C. of D. for
38. You should walk ________ and enjoy the learning trip.
A. at your own speed B. in your own speed
C. on your own speed D. for your own speed
39. ________, reading is a good habit that benefits us in many ways.
A. In addition B. In general C. In trouble D. In part
40. ________, studies show that students learn more when they study with others.
A. In addition B. In general C. In part D. In trouble
二、单词拼写
1. ________(like) his brother who loves sports, he enjoys painting.
2. Many volunteers came to help with the flood relief work, ________(include) some college students.
3. This desk is made ________ wood, and it’s a cheap building ________(material).
4. They fought tooth and nail, with every point ________(feel) like a major battle.
5. It’s kind ________ him ________(help) others whenever possible.
6. In ________(add), you can take part in English corners to practice speaking.
7. He always sets new goals for himself at the ________(begin) of the year.
8. We can review what we have learned by ________(watch) recorded lessons.
9. ________(many) than forty students joined the sharing activity.
10. At the _________(begin), we worked _________ hand.
11. He finished all the work with great ________(easy).
三、完成句子
1. 这位科学家奉献一生做科研,太伟大了。
It is great ________ the scientist ________ devote his whole life to research.
2. Yuan Longping was great to develop new rice to reduce hunger. (改为同义句)
It was great ________ Yuan Longping ________ develop new rice to reduce hunger.
3. 我们常常跟着音乐跳舞。
We often ________ ________ the music.
4. 尽管技术发展和沟通方式发生了变化,沟通的核心一直没有改变——与他人建立联系。
________ the development of technology and the changed ways in which we communicate, the ________ of communication has ________ ________ — ________ with others.
5. 这位护士以她的耐心和爱心赢得了所有病人的赞扬。
The nurse ________ all the patients ________ her patience and love.
6. 没有人可以避免在他们生活中的某个时间犯错误。
Nobody can avoid making a mistake ________ ________ ________ in their life.
7. 花生不像桃子,果实埋土里。
________ peaches, peanuts ________ fruit underground.
8. 让我们吃惊的是,这位外国朋友擅长烹制中餐。
________ ________ ________, the foreign friend is good at cooking Chinese food.
9. 在科技的帮助下,历史不单单是枯燥的事实了。
________________________________ technology, history is ________ ________ boring facts.
10. 他十四岁时制作了第一个机器人。
He made his first robot ________ ________ ________ ________ fourteen.
11. 他们通过网络向全国各地的人们售卖瓜果蔬菜。
They sell fruit and vegetables ________ to people all ________ ________.
12. 借助新政策,农民们能够轻而易举地卖出农产品。
With the new policy, farmers can sell their farm products __________ __________.
13. 我们应该骑自行车上学而不是坐汽车。
We should ride bikes to school ________ ________ taking cars.
14. 这只老鹰张开翅膀然后飞向了远处的山谷。
The eagle spread its wings and then flew ________________.
15. 和大多数同学不一样,她喜欢在周末待在家里看书。
________________, she likes reading books at home on weekends.
16. 最重要的是,我们应当学会和身边的人友好相处。
_________ _________, we should learn to get on well with people around us.
17. He is under much stress. He can’t sleep well. (合并为so…that)
He is ________ ________ __________ stress ________ he can’t sleep well.
18. 通过做动手实验,我可以把物理和现实生活中的事物联系起来。
________ ________ hands-on experiments, I can ________ physics ________ something in real life.
19. 看!那个超市就在拐角附近,我们步行五分钟就能到。
Look! The supermarket is just _________ ________ ________. We can walk there in five minutes.
20. 天花曾经是世界上最严重的疾病之一。它历史上夺走了数百万人的生命。
Smallpox ________ ________ be one of the worst global diseases. It killed millions of people ________ ________.
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