精品解析：湖南株洲市第十三中学2026届高考适应性考试（一）英语试题

株洲市第十三中学2026届高考适应性考试（一） 英 语 满分150分， 考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Musee du Louvre HOURS & ADMISSION Plan and book your visit 9:00 AM TO 6:00 PM — Monday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday 9:00 AM TO 9:00 PM — Wednesday and Friday CLOSED—Tuesday Last entry: 1 hour before closing Public holidays: The Louvre is closed on 1 January, 1 May and 25 December. It remains open on all other public holidays unless they fall on a Tuesday, the museum’s day of closure. Exceptional hours: The museum is open until 9 p. m. on 26, 28, 29 and 30 December 2024 and 6 and 8 February 2025. Please be aware that visitors will be asked to leave the rooms 30 minutes before closing. All visitors from 21 December 2024 to 5 January 2025 must book a ticket ahead of time. Tickets may be purchased on site when museum attendance is low (subject to availability). Entrance fees General admission, €22.00 Tours & activities Audio guide: 6 admission tickets and 6 audio guide bookings, €6.00 per person. Guided tours: story time and workshops+ Louvre, €31.00 VISITORS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE ADMISSION Time-slot (时间空档) bookings are recommended, including for free-admission visitors. Under 18s 18-25-year-old residents of the European Economic Area (EU, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein) The Louvre is free for all visitors on the first Friday of the month after 6 p. m. (except in July and August) and on 14 July! Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them Art teachers (plastic arts, archeology, applied arts, architecture and art history only) Artists affiliated to the AIAP (国际艺术协会) ICOM and ICOMOS members Journalists Job seekers and residents of the European Economic Area People on income support and residents of EEA 1. Which time is suitable for a visit to Louvre? A. 5:10 p. m. on Saturday. B. 3:00 p. m. on Tuesday. C. 6:30 p. m. on 6 February 2025. D. 5:50 p. m. on 25 December. 2. How much does an audio guide tour of Louvre charge for a tour group of 6 Chinese adults? A. €168. B. €132. C. €186. D. €36. 3. Who is most likely qualified for free admission to Louvre? A. A sales manager aged 26. B. A middle-aged history teacher. C. A retired USA architect. D. A disabled father with his son. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参观巴黎卢浮宫的一些信息，主要包括：开放时间、门票导游费用、免费情况等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Exceptional hours”中的“The museum is open until 9 p. m. on 26, 28, 29 and 30 December 2024 and 6 and 8 February 2025. (博物馆2024年12月26、28、29、30日和2025年2月6、8日都开放并且到晚上9点)”可知，C选项6:30 p. m. on 6 February 2025，这个时间在关闭前，提前一个小时进场参观卢浮宫(Louvre)是可行的。A选项周六六点闭馆，提前一小时参观，时间不允许，B选项周二不开放，D选项12.25圣诞节不开放，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Entrance fees”和“Tours & activities”部分中的“Audio guide: 6 admission tickets and 6 audio guide bookings, €6.00 per person.(音频指南：6张门票和6张音频指南预订，每人6.00欧元)”可知，一个中国6名成人团出游卢浮宫，门票22欧每人，音频导游6欧每人，(22+6)*6=168欧。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据VISITORS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE ADMISSION 部分的免费条款“Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them(残疾游客和陪同他们的人)”可知，丧失能力的游客和陪同家属都可以免费。故选D项。 B Robots have worked alongside people for decades, and traditionally, they’ve been incredibly specialized - a bot on a General Motors’ assembly line, for example, might move pieces of metal from one place to another over and over again. This has meant business owners would need to purchase multiple (usually expensive) robots if they wanted to automate multiple tasks. However, tech startup Sanctuary AI has introduced a general-purpose robot designed to perform many workplace tasks currently handled by people - working with humans or without them. Canada-based Sanctuary AI is one of several companies attempting to overcome the challenge and bring a general-purpose robot to market, and on May 16, it revealed its sixth-generation robot, an AI-powered humanoid named “Phoenix.” Phoenix is 5’ 7”, weighs 155 pounds, and is capable of lifting up to 55 pounds. Its human-like hands have 20 degrees of freedom and haptic (触觉的) sensors that allow it to perform tasks that require dexterity and precision, such as labeling packages or picking fruit. According to Sanctuary, Phoenix also has human-like intelligence thanks to a proprietary AI control system called Carbon. It acts as the bot’s “brain” and can be trained to complete new tasks in computer simulations. Alternatively, Phoenix can “learn from demonstration.” With this approach, a human uses a VR headset to see what the bot sees and a special rig to guide it through completing a new task. This setup can also be used for remote control, which could enable people to work from home, prevent injuries due to physical labor, and increase the number of jobs available to people with disabilities. Sanctuary demonstrated the potential of robot remote work with a pilot test at a Mark’s retail store near its headquarters in January. Over the course of one week, a human guided the startup’s fifth-general-purpose robot through 110 tasks - about 40% of the jobs a typical employee needs to be able to do at the store. The ultimate goal is still a robot that could step into the workplace and complete tasks without the need for constant human supervision, and it’s not clear how much Phoenix can do autonomously or how long it takes to train the bot on something new. We should know more soon, though, as Sanctuary is starting to deploy its general-purpose robot at other locations near its headquarters. Customers don’t have to buy a bot to enjoy its benefits, either - they can hire one by the hour. 4. What has been the traditional limitation of robots in the workplace prior to the development of general-purpose robots? A. They were only capable of performing simple tasks. B. They required constant human supervision to function. C. They were designed to perform highly specialized tasks. D. They could not physically interact with the environment. 5. What does the underlined word “dexterity” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Strength. B. Skillfulness. C. Energy. D. Wisdom. 6. What can we learn about the AI control system called Carbon? A. It enables Phoenix to perform a broad set of work tasks. B. It allows Phoenix to learn from human demonstration. C. It serves as a remote control for Phoenix. D. It is a VR headset used for training purposes. 7. What was the significance of the pilot test conducted at a Mark’s retail store? A. It showcased Phoenix’s capability to replace all human employees in a store. B. It demonstrated Phoenix’s ability to perform remote work tasks effectively. C. It proved that Phoenix could handle tasks requiring physical strength. D. It indicated that Phoenix could autonomously learn from observing other workers. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大科技公司Sanctuary AI研发的一款多用途机器人Phoenix，该机器人能够执行多种工作场所的任务，具备高度的灵活性和精确度，通过专有AI控制系统Carbon实现智能化，可以接受训练完成新任务，并可以通过虚拟现实技术进行远程操控。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Robots have worked alongside people for decades, and traditionally, they’ve been incredibly specialized - a bot on a General Motors’ assembly line, for example, might move pieces of metal from one place to another over and over again. This has meant business owners would need to purchase multiple (usually expensive) robots if they wanted to automate multiple tasks. (几十年来，机器人一直与人类并肩工作。传统上，它们的功能极其专业化——例如，通用汽车装配线上的一个机器人，可能会一遍又一遍地将金属零件从一个地方移动到另一个地方。这意味着，如果企业主想要实现多项任务的自动化，他们就需要购买多个（通常价格昂贵）机器人。)”可知，传统上，机器人功能极其专业化，例如通用汽车装配线上的机器人只会一遍又一遍地做将金属零件从一个地方移动到另一个地方这样特定的任务，如果企业主想要实现多项任务自动化，就需要购买多个机器人。这表明在通用机器人出现之前，传统机器人的局限性在于它们被设计来执行高度专业化的任务。故选C。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Its human-like hands have 20 degrees of freedom and haptic (触觉的) sensors that allow it to perform tasks that require dexterity and precision, such as labeling packages or picking fruit. (它那类似人类的手有20个活动自由度，还配备了触觉传感器，使其能够执行需要……和精确性的任务，比如给包裹贴标签或采摘水果。)”可知，Phoenix机器人类似人类的手有20个活动自由度和触觉传感器，能执行像给包裹贴标签或采摘水果这类需要“dexterity”和精确性的任务。而给包裹贴标签和采摘水果这类任务需要的是灵巧和熟练的技能，由此可知，划线单词的意思和“熟练”相似。选项B“Skillfulness”，意为“熟练”，与此相符。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“According to Sanctuary, Phoenix also has human-like intelligence thanks to a proprietary AI control system called Carbon. It acts as the bot’s “brain” and can be trained to complete new tasks in computer simulations. Alternatively, Phoenix can “learn from demonstration.” (据圣所人工智能公司称，由于有一个名为“Carbon”的专有人工智能控制系统，“凤凰”还具备类似人类的智能。这个系统就像是机器人的“大脑”，可以通过计算机模拟训练它来完成新任务。)”可知，Carbon是Phoenix的AI控制系统，它充当机器人的“大脑”，使Phoenix能够完成新的任务。这意味着Carbon系统赋予了Phoenix执行多种任务的能力。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sanctuary demonstrated the potential of robot remote work with a pilot test at a Mark’s retail store near its headquarters in January. Over the course of one week, a human guided the startup’s fifth-general-purpose robot through 110 tasks - about 40% of the jobs a typical employee needs to be able to do at the store. (Sanctuary AI于1月在公司总部附近的一家Mark’s零售店进行了一项试点测试，展示了机器人远程工作的潜力。在一周的时间里，一个人类引导了该公司的第五代通用机器人完成了110项任务，约占一个普通员工在该店需要完成的工作量的40%。)”可推测，试点测试的重要意义在于展示了Phoenix机器人有效执行远程工作任务的能力。故选B。 C Seasonality (季节性) is a big part of business. For some industries, seasonal patterns are a defining feature. Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. Western toymakers notch up a huge proportion of their annual sales during Christmas. Construction is harder during cold weather, when that industry employs fewer people. Firms less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them, as a recent review by Ian Hohm of the University of British Columbia makes clear. An analysis of social-media posts on the Internet found that dieting-related posts peak in the spring, as the season of body dysmorphia (变形) approaches (靠近). Even when overall demand doesn’t vary greatly between the seasons, preferences change. Beef-eaters buy roasts in the slow-cooking winter season and plump for steaks (牛排) during the summer months. Starbucks is among those firms that make seasonality a marketing event. The pumpkin-spiced latte is a reliable sign that autumn is on its way, along with falling leaves. Seasonality also leaves a less obvious imprint (印记) inside organisations. This week, with so many bosses stuck on a mountain for the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting in Davos, productive employees can get on with some work and lazy ones can relax. School holidays offer an obvious form of seasonality, when employees without children are upset that they are covering for colleagues on holiday, and colleagues on holiday are upset that they have children. Pay decisions are seasonal events, too. The time when employees find out their salary rises and bonuses sets off disappointment and happiness in all workplaces. In some, they are more like tsunamis. The actual date on which bonuses are paid matters too — once the money is safely put in the bank, people are more likely to move jobs. There are other forms of corporate seasonality. While there isn’t much research on the impact of seasonality within firms, it’s certain that they have their own annual rhythms. 8. Why do people focus on dieting (节食) in spring posts according to the analysis? A. They want to take time to get refreshed in spring. B. They fear the summer heat will ruin (毁坏) their health. C. They fear summer will reveal (揭露) their body shapes. D. They suffer a lack of proper food during winter. 9. What does the underlined part “plump for” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Throw away. B. Prefer to. C. Rule out. D. Turn up. 10. What troubles childless (无子女的) employees during school holidays? A. Being unable to relax in the absence of the boss. B. Staying in step with the change of the seasons. C. Accompanying the children of their colleagues. D. They are covering for colleagues on holiday. 11. Which of the following is the best title? A. Companies Have Their Own Seasonal Rhythms (节奏) B. School Holidays Have an Effect on Companies C. Corporate Seasonality Has Vast Social Effect D. Employees Must Watch Beyond the Seasons 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了季节性是商业的重要组成部分，对于一些行业来说，季节性是其重要标志。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“An analysis of social-media posts on the Internet found that dieting-related posts peak in the spring, as the season of body dysmorphia (变形) approaches (靠近).(一项针对互联网上社交媒体帖子的分析发现，与节食相关的帖子在春天达到峰值，因为身材变形的季节即将到来。)”可推知，人们在春天的帖子中关注节食是因为他们担心夏天会暴露自己的体型。故选C项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Even when overall demand doesn’t vary greatly between the seasons, preferences change. Beef-eaters buy roasts in the slow-cooking winter season…(即使季节之间的总体需求变化不大，人们的偏好也会发生变化。吃牛肉的人在慢煮的冬季购买烤肉……)”可知，人们倾向于在冬季购买烤肉，与此对比，人们在夏季喜欢选择购买牛排，可猜测划线短语plump for为“喜欢”的意思，与B项Prefer to“更喜欢”意思一致。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“School holidays offer an obvious form of seasonality, when employees without children are upset that they are covering for colleagues on holiday, and colleagues on holiday are upset that they have children.(学校假期提供了一种明显的季节性形式，没有孩子的员工会因为他们要代替休假的同事而感到不安，而休假的同事会因为他们有孩子而感到不安。)”可知，在学校放假期间，没有孩子的员工因为要代替休假的同事工作而感到不安。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段“Seasonality (季节性) is a big part of business. For some industries, seasonal patterns are a defining feature. Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. Western toymakers notch up a huge proportion of their annual sales during Christmas. Construction is harder during cold weather, when that industry employs fewer people.(季节性是商业的重要组成部分。对于某些行业来说，季节性模式是一个决定性特征。农业就是一个明显的例子；旅游业另一个。西方玩具制造商在圣诞节期间的销售额占其年销售额的很大比例。在寒冷的天气里，建筑业的工作人员较少，因此施工难度更大。)”和第二段中“Firms less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them, as a recent review by Ian Hohm of the University of British Columbia makes clear. (不列颠哥伦比亚大学的Ian Hohm最近的一项研究表明，与季节关系不太明显的公司仍然会受到季节的严重影响。)”可知，文章主要讲的是季节性是商业的重要组成部分。对于一些行业来说，季节性是其重要标志。所以C项Corporate Seasonality Has Vast Social Effect(企业季节性具有巨大的社会影响)符合语境。故选C项。 D Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. “Just wait,” a neighbour advised. “You’ll wake up one morning and spring will just be here.” And look, on 3 May that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky, and forest revealed their purples, blues, and greens. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward. Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark twisted branches stretch out in unpruned abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple. Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbours opened their windows and stepped onto their porches. These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbour was the first to speak. “You’re not cutting it down, are you?” she asked anxiously. Another neighbour frowned as I cut off a branch. “Don’t kill it, now,” he warned. Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn’t help recalling Robert Frost’s words: The trees that have it in their pent-up buds To darken nature and be summer woods One thaw (解冻) led to another. Just the other day, I saw one of my neighbours at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” 12. By saying that “my spirits ebb” in paragraph 1, the author means that . A. he feels relieved B. he is cheerful C. he is astonished D. he feels blue 13. Which of the following is TRUE about the apple tree according to the passage? A. No one other than the author cares about the apple tree. B. It grows on public property. C. It is a source of fresh fruit for the neighbourhood D. It is carefully attended to by the author. 14. It can be inferred from the neighbour’s words in the last paragraph that . A. He has a passion for gardening. B. He was concerned about the safety of the tree. C. He enjoyed the company of his neighbours. D. He changed his mind about pruning the tree. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Beauty of Nature B. The Secret of the Apple Tree. C. Under the Blossoms. D. The Spring in Maine. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在缅因州经历的春天景象，以及一棵老苹果树如何成为邻里间交流和联系的纽带，展现了自然之美和邻里之间的温情。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. (每年四月，我都会被同样的担忧所困扰，担心今年春天不会到来。风景看起来单调乏味，山峦、天空和森林都是灰色的。)”以及“as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. (就像我第一次来到缅因州时四月的降雪一样。)”可知，作者初到缅因州时，四月的景色单调灰暗，甚至还下过雪，这样的景象让作者情绪低落，因此，“My spirits ebb ”指的是“he feels blue (他感到沮丧)”。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. (它坐落在我家附近的一块未开发的土地上。它不属于任何人，因此属于每个人。)”可知，这棵苹果树生长不属于任何人地方，因此属于大家，即生长在公共土地上，属于公共财产。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” (他提到这个冬天格外漫长，还抱怨说很久没和邻里的人好好见个面、聊聊天了。接着，他看着我说：“我们得再修剪一下那棵苹果树了。”)”可知，邻居抱怨冬天漫长，没有和社区的人长时间交流，然后提出再修剪苹果树，由此可推知，他享受和邻居在一起的时光。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“Then there was the old apple tree. (还有那棵老苹果树。)”以及第五段中“Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. (很快，半个街区的人都来和我一起待在苹果树下了。我突然意识到，自己在这儿住了五年，直到现在才知道这些人的名字、他们的谋生方式，以及他们是如何过冬的。那棵老苹果树仿佛就是要把我们聚集在它的枝丫下，既让我们彼此相识，又让我们一同感受这份奇妙。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在缅因州经历的春天景象，以及一棵老苹果树如何成为邻里间交流和联系的纽带，C项“Under the Blossoms (繁花之下)”，既体现了文章中的苹果树这一核心元素，又富有诗意，能够吸引读者，适宜作为标题使用。故选C项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are Police Officers Called Cops? Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”. General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____ Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”. ____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals. The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____ A. The term is slightly less familiar to people. B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar. C. These words define some of what a police officer does. D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then. E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate. F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct. G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了警察为什么被称为cops的由来。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.( 一些人认为这个词是“copper”的缩写，来自警察佩戴的铜徽章。也有人说它代表“警察总队”。)”可知，关于“cop”这个昵称的起源存在争议。因此推断E项“但这个绰号的起源却存在争议。”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take.( 然而，关于“cop”一词起源的普遍共识表明，这个词更多地是基于警察的工作，而不是他的服装或头衔。在拉丁语中，动词capere可以被定义为“捕获”。在法语中，动词是caper。“To cop”在英语中的意思是抓住或拿走。)”可知，在不同的语言中有不同的词定义了警察的部分工作，因此推断C项“这些词定义了警察的部分工作”总结上文，these words指代前文的词汇。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets.( Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops.（一些人还认为，荷兰语kapen也可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为coppers或cops有关。从本质上讲，警察的存在是为了把罪犯赶出街头。)”和下文“And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.(由于美式英语主要来源于德语、法语和拉丁语，kapen或capere的特定语言来源为“cop”一词创造了一条现成的路径。)”可知，荷兰语kapen可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为coppers或cops有关，美式英语来自德语，法语和拉丁语，因此推断B项“荷兰语和法语的术语都很相似”承上启下。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文“And it is no longer considered rude.(它不再被认为是粗鲁的。)”可知，现在称警察为cops不粗鲁，是合适的。因此推断G项“今天，把警察称为cop是恰当的。”符合语境，下文是对此的详细解释。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop.(“cop”这个词现在被如此普遍地使用，以至于一个记录他们工作的节目被称为“Cops”。尽管J·埃德加·胡佛曾经强烈反对这个词，但现在把警察或女警察称为cop是可以的。)”可知，现在称呼a policeman或者 a police woman是最好的，与前一段是转折关系，因此推断F项“然而，“police officer”这个术语通常是最正确的”。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Animal heroes can come in all shapes and sizes. One of the smaller ones was Bib, a yellow canary (金丝雀). Bib belonged to an elderly woman known as Aunt Tess. Aunt Tess was living in her house alone with just her pet canary for ___21___. Bib’s singing and happy ___22___ brought her comfort. In fact, Aunt Tess had ___23___ nearby. Each night her niece ___24___ if the lights were on in Aunt Tess’s house to make sure that everything was all right. One rainy evening the niece did her routine on Tess and saw through the ___25___ night air that the lights were on, so she pulled down her curtains and ___26___ with her husband for a quiet night. Halfway through the evening, the couple heard a loud tapping at the window. At first, they ___27___ it, considering it was just the sound of the storm. But the tapping continued and eventually the niece hurried over to the curtains and ___28___ them to reveal a bird on the outside of the window. It was Bib. Amazed at the canary’s ___29___ appearance, the niece quickly realized that something might be ___30___. The couple raced over to Aunt Tess’s house, and knocked on the door. But there was no reply. They got so ___31___ that when they let themselves in, they saw why. Aunt Tess lied on the ground with a pool of blood beside. Fortunately, the niece got to the ___32___ in time, and they were able to get her taken to hospital. The doctor told them Tess would have been in danger if she had ___33___ the timely treatment. Aunt Tess ___34___ made a good recovery. Sadly, because of flying in the rain for too long, Bib died. Tess and her family were sad at his death. But they knew that at least it had not been ___35___. Bib had given his life to save his friend. 21. A. storage B. work C. delivery D. company 22. A. news B. memory C. character D. ending 23. A. relatives B. roommates C. neighbors D. agents 24. A. realized B. checked C. imagined D. counted 25. A. stormy B. clear C. special D. mystical 26. A. went out B. calmed down C. checked out D. settled down 27. A. understood B. ignored C. canceled D. changed 28. A. caught B. drew C. found D. wiped 29. A. attractive B. different C. unexpected D. impressive 30. A. wrong B. broken C. interesting D. surprising 31. A. rational B. sensitive C. unhappy D. uneasy 32. A. hospital B. bird C. spot D. window 33. A. survived B. refused C. accepted D. missed 34. A. initially B. secretly C. eventually D. constantly 35. A. in relief B. in vain C. in panic D. in danger 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只金丝雀献出自己的生命并最终救助自己的主人的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tess姑妈一个人住在家里，只有她的宠物金丝雀作伴。A. storage储存；B. work工作；C. delivery递送；D. company陪伴。根据上文“Aunt Tess was living in her house alone with just her pet”可知，这种宠物金丝雀在家陪伴Tess。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bib的歌声和快乐的性格给她带来了安慰。A. news消息；B. memory记忆；C. character特色，特点；D. ending结局。根据上文“singing and happy”可知，这是金丝雀的特点，能带给Tess安慰。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Tess姑妈在附近有亲戚。A. relatives亲戚；B. roommates室友；C. neighbors邻居；D. agents代理。根据下文“One rainy evening the niece did her routine on Tess”可知，下文提到Tess的侄女，即Tess姑妈在附近有亲戚。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，她的侄女都会检查Tess姑妈家的灯是否亮着，以确保一切正常。A. realized意识到；B. checked检查；C. imagined想象；D. counted数。根据下文“One rainy evening the niece did her routine on Tess and saw through the ____5___ night air that the lights were on”可知，Tess的侄女每晚会查看她家的灯以确保她的安全。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的晚上，侄女照例去查看Tess的灯是否亮着确保她相安无事，透过暴风雨的夜晚，她看到灯是开着的，于是她拉下窗帘，和丈夫一起安静地度过了一个夜晚。A. stormy暴风骤雨的；B. clear清晰的；C. special特殊的；D. mystical神秘的。根据下文“considering it was just the sound of the storm”可知，今晚下了暴雨。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个下雨的晚上，侄女照例去查看Tess的灯是否亮着确保她相安无事，透过暴风雨的夜晚，她看到灯是开着的，于是她拉下窗帘，和丈夫一起安顿下来安静地度过了一个夜晚。A. went out出去；B. calmed down冷静；C. checked out结账离开；D. settled down安顿。根据上文“that the lights were on”可知，侄女看到Tess家灯亮着，认为她是安全的，因此安顿下来休息。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们没有理会，认为那只是暴风雨的声音。A. understood理解；B. ignored忽视；C. canceled取消；D. changed改变。根据下文“considering it was just the sound of the storm.”可知，侄女以为听到的敲击声是暴风雨的声音，因此忽视了这个敲击声。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是敲击声还在继续，最后侄女赶紧走到窗帘跟前，拉开窗帘，露出窗外有一只鸟。A. caught抓住；B. drew拉动；C. found发现；D. wiped扫除。根据下文“to reveal a bird on the outside of the window.”可知，侄女走到窗户前，拉开窗帘后，发现窗外的金丝雀。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：侄女对金丝雀的意外出现感到惊讶，很快意识到事情可能出了问题。A. attractive有吸引力的；B. different不同的；C. unexpected意料之外的；D. impressive印象深刻的。根据上文“considering it was just the sound of the storm.”以及“It was Bib.”可知，侄女误以为是雨滴敲打窗户，其实是Bib，因此Bib的出现是令侄女出乎意料的。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：侄女对金丝雀的意外出现感到惊讶，很快意识到事情可能出了问题。A. wrong错误的；B. broken折断的；C. interesting有趣的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据上文“Aunt Tess was living in her house alone with just her pet”可知，这只宠物金丝雀平常在家陪伴Tess，但是现在却出现在侄女的窗外，因此侄女意识到出了问题。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们非常不安，当他们进去的时候，他们明白了为什么。A. rational理性的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. uneasy不安的。根据上文“But there was no reply.”可知，敲门无人应答，侄女担忧Tess，因此感到不安。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，侄女及时赶到了现场，他们把她送到了医院。A. hospital医院；B. bird鸟；C. spot地点；D. window窗户。根据下文“they were able to get her taken to hospital.”可知，侄女将Tess送到了医院，因此是先赶到Tess家，即出事现场。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉他们，如果没有及时治疗，Tess就会有危险。A. survived幸存；B. refused拒绝；C. accepted接受；D. missed错过。根据上文“The doctor told them Tess would have been in danger”可知，此处使用一个虚拟语气的句式，表达如果错过最佳治疗时间，Tess就会有危险。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Tess姑妈最后恢复得很好。A. initially起初地；B. secretly秘密地；C. eventually最终；D. constantly持续不断地。根据下文“Bib had given his life to save his friend.”可知， Tess最终得救并恢复了健康。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但他们知道，至少没有白费。A. in relief如释重负；B. in vain徒劳无功；C. in panic恐慌；D. in danger处于危险中。根据下文“Bib had given his life to save his friend.”可知，Bib的努力没有白费，Bib救了自己的主人。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the streets of Shanghai, you can often see a young French woman leading a group of tourists around the city on citywalks, introducing the history and culture of the big city to them in Chinese, English and French. Clarisse Le Guernic runs a cultural company that has taken it ___36___ its mission to help locals and foreigners better understand Shanghai by the concept of citywalks. After coming to study in Shanghai in 2015, she ___37___ (regard) the city as her second hometown ever since. “___38___ I’m a foreigner, the city is no stranger to me,” she joked. Le Guernic’s story with China began back in 2008, ___39___ she chose Chinese as her second foreign language in middle school. ___40___ couple of years later during her second year of high school, she visited China for the first time together with her classmates. During that visit, they traveled to several famous places, such as the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. In addition to ___41___ (visit) historic sites, they also attended classes with Chinese students. The short journey left a deep impression on her. “I really longed for more ___42___ (opportunity) to go to China and experience the local life ___43___ (I),”she said. After her graduation from college, she chose ___44___ (settle) down in Shanghai and launch her own business. With Shanghai’s ___45___ (friend) business environment for foreign firms, she was able to register her company within two weeks in April 2020. Her company provides citywalk tours to help tourists experience Shanghai. 【答案】36. as 37. has regarded 38. Although##Though 39. when 40. A 41. visiting 42. opportunities 43. myself 44. to settle 45. friendly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Clarisse Le Guernic的故事，她经营着一家文化公司，致力于通过城市漫步的概念帮助当地人和外国人更好地了解上海。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：Clarisse Le Guernic经营着一家文化公司，该公司的使命是通过城市步行的概念帮助当地人和外国人更好地了解上海。take sth. as...是固定短语，意为“把某事看作……”，因此空格处用介词as。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：2015年来到上海留学后，她就把上海当成了自己的第二故乡。由ever since可知，句子时态用现在完成时。主语she是单数，主谓一致，故填has regarded。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：她开玩笑说：“虽然我是个外国人，但这座城市对我来说并不陌生。”根据语境可知，句子表示“虽然我是个外国人，但这座城市对我来说并不陌生”，空格处意为“虽然”，用although/though，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Although/Though。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：勒格尔尼克与中国的故事要追溯到2008年，当时她在中学选择中文作为第二外语。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词2008是时间，因此空格处用关系副词when，故填when。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：几年后，在她高二的时候，她和同学们第一次来到了中国。a couple of是固定短语，意为“几个”，因此空格处用a，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填A。 【41题详解】 考查动名词。句意：除了参观历史遗迹，他们还和中国学生一起上课。to是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填visiting。 【42题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：“我真的很渴望有更多的机会去中国，亲身体验当地的生活，”她说。opportunity是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，作宾语。故填opportunities。 【43题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：“我真的很渴望有更多的机会去中国，亲身体验当地的生活，”她说。根据语境可知，空格处用反身代词myself表示“我亲自”，作同位语。故填myself。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：大学毕业后，她选择在上海定居并开始自己的事业。choose to do sth.是固定短语，意为“选择做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to settle。故填to settle。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：凭借上海对外国公司友好的商业环境，她能够在2020年4月的两周内注册自己的公司。空格处用形容词修饰business environment，friend的形容词是friendly，意为“友好的”。故填friendly。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于4月23日举办“校园读书节”（Campus Reading Festival），旨在鼓励学生多读书、读好书。请你代表校学生会，给你校英国外教Peter写一封邀请信，邀请他担任读书节“读书分享会”环节的嘉宾。 内容包括：1. 介绍读书节的时间和主题； 2. 说明邀请他的原因及希望他参与的环节。 注意：1. 词数80个左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Peter, I’m Li Hua. On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m writing to sincerely invite you to be a guest at our upcoming Campus Reading Festival. The festival will take place on April 23rd, with the theme “Read Widely, Think Deeply”. We know you’re passionate about literature — this is why we hope you can join our “Book Sharing Session”. It would be wonderful if you could talk about your favorite English book. We would be honored to have you. Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国外教Peter写一封邀请信，邀请他担任读书节“读书分享会”环节的嘉宾。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 即将来临的：upcoming → forthcoming 热情的，热爱：passionate → enthusiastic 荣幸的：honored → privileged 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The festival will take place on April 23rd, with the theme “Read Widely, Think Deeply”. 拓展句：The festival, whose theme is “Read Widely, Think Deeply”, will take place on April 23rd. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We know you’re passionate about literature — this is why we hope you can join our “Book Sharing Session”. (运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句，以及why引导的表语从句) 【高分句型2】It would be wonderful if you could talk about your favorite English book. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My beloved grandma had never left Australia, and now, due to cancer, she never would. Helplessly planted in the armchair by the window, she spent her days watching travel shows on TV, her thin shoulders casting fragile (脆弱的) shadows. Her eyes would light up when the screen showed palm-tree-lined beaches in Hawaii, their glow reflecting in her clouded pupils (瞳孔), but then she’d sigh and trace her blanket’s edge, as if touching a world she’d never feel. I often saw her stare at the map above her chair, its edges curling (卷边) like old paper, her gaze lingering on countries from her books. “Maybe one day,” she used to say, tracing imaginary routes, but now, those words felt broken. I swallowed the sadness, textbooks buried under medical notes. One night, scrolling through my phone with tear-streaked cheeks, I had an idea. Typing fast, I wrote: “My Nanny has cancer and she will never see the world. Please send her postcards so she can see the world from her armchair. I can offer nothing but gratitude.” The cursor (光标) blinked like a heartbeat. I added our address and hit “post”, heart pounding. Silence screamed louder than the fridge’s hum (嗡嗡声). What if no one cared? I resolved not to breathe a word of this; should nothing come, I couldn’t bear to carry her disappointment along with my own. Days turned to weeks and Nanny’s health declined rapidly, her voice a whisper when she asked me to rewind a travel show about the Eiffel Tower. “Imagine standing there,” she said, “feeling the wind off the Seine.” I nodded, but inside, I was crumbling (崩溃). Medicine bottles multiplied like cruel souvenirs as time went by. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Six weeks later, a postcard from the UK nestled into our humble little mailbox. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Our very last “flight” departed on a warm morning. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Paragraph 1: Six weeks later, a postcard from the UK nestled into our humble little mailbox. It showed the Big Ben, with a note: “Dear Grandma, hope this postcard brings you a bit of London’s charm. You’re in my thoughts.” Tears welled up in my eyes as I ran to grandma. She held the postcard gently, her fingers tracing the image, a soft smile on her face. Soon, more postcards arrived — from Paris with the Eiffel Tower, from Tokyo with cherry blossoms. Each one had a warm message. Grandma would arrange them on the table, looking at them for hours, her eyes shining with joy. Paragraph 2: Our very last “flight” departed on a warm morning. It was a postcard from Hawaii, showing the palm-tree-lined beaches she’d dreamed of. I read the note aloud: “Dear brave grandma, may this beach bring you peace.” Grandma took my hand, her voice weak but clear: “Thank you, my dear. I’ve seen the world through these postcards.” With that, she closed her eyes, a content smile remaining. Those postcards became precious memories, reminding me that love can make the impossible possible — even letting a grandma “travel” around the world from her armchair. 【解析】 【导语】本文以奶奶的病情为线索展开，讲述了奶奶因癌症无法出国旅行，作者在网上求助希望人们给奶奶寄明信片，最终奶奶收到许多来自世界各地的明信片的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“六周后，一张来自英国的明信片塞进了我们简陋的小邮箱”可知，该段可描写作者看到明信片后的反应以及奶奶收到明信片时的喜悦，并且后续陆续收到更多明信片的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们最后一次‘飞行’在一个温暖的早晨启程”可知，该段可描写最后一张来自夏威夷的明信片，奶奶在听到作者读明信片上的内容后安详离世，这些明信片成为了珍贵的回忆。 2. 续写线索：收到来自英国的明信片——奶奶高兴——陆续收到更多明信片——收到来自夏威夷的明信片——奶奶离世——明信片成为回忆 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①跑：run/dash ②拿着：hold/take ③到达：arrive/reach 情绪类： ①轻轻地：gently/lightly ②满足：content/satisfied 【点睛】[高分句型1] Tears welled up in my eyes as I ran to grandma.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Grandma would arrange them on the table, looking at them for hours, her eyes shining with joy.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和独立主格结构) [高分句型3] Those postcards became precious memories, reminding me that love can make the impossible possible — even letting a grandma “travel” around the world from her armchair.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语和连词that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 株洲市第十三中学2026届高考适应性考试（一） 英 语 满分150分， 考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Musee du Louvre HOURS & ADMISSION Plan and book your visit 9:00 AM TO 6:00 PM — Monday, Thursday, Saturday and Sunday 9:00 AM TO 9:00 PM — Wednesday and Friday CLOSED—Tuesday Last entry: 1 hour before closing Public holidays: The Louvre is closed on 1 January, 1 May and 25 December. It remains open on all other public holidays unless they fall on a Tuesday, the museum’s day of closure. Exceptional hours: The museum is open until 9 p. m. on 26, 28, 29 and 30 December 2024 and 6 and 8 February 2025. Please be aware that visitors will be asked to leave the rooms 30 minutes before closing. All visitors from 21 December 2024 to 5 January 2025 must book a ticket ahead of time. Tickets may be purchased on site when museum attendance is low (subject to availability). Entrance fees General admission, €22.00 Tours & activities Audio guide: 6 admission tickets and 6 audio guide bookings, €6.00 per person. Guided tours: story time and workshops+ Louvre, €31.00 VISITORS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE ADMISSION Time-slot (时间空档) bookings are recommended, including for free-admission visitors. Under 18s 18-25-year-old residents of the European Economic Area (EU, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein) The Louvre is free for all visitors on the first Friday of the month after 6 p. m. (except in July and August) and on 14 July! Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them Art teachers (plastic arts, archeology, applied arts, architecture and art history only) Artists affiliated to the AIAP (国际艺术协会) ICOM and ICOMOS members Journalists Job seekers and residents of the European Economic Area People on income support and residents of EEA 1. Which time is suitable for a visit to Louvre? A. 5:10 p. m. on Saturday. B. 3:00 p. m. on Tuesday. C. 6:30 p. m. on 6 February 2025. D. 5:50 p. m. on 25 December. 2. How much does an audio guide tour of Louvre charge for a tour group of 6 Chinese adults? A. €168. B. €132. C. €186. D. €36. 3. Who is most likely qualified for free admission to Louvre? A. A sales manager aged 26. B. A middle-aged history teacher. C. A retired USA architect. D. A disabled father with his son. B Robots have worked alongside people for decades, and traditionally, they’ve been incredibly specialized - a bot on a General Motors’ assembly line, for example, might move pieces of metal from one place to another over and over again. This has meant business owners would need to purchase multiple (usually expensive) robots if they wanted to automate multiple tasks. However, tech startup Sanctuary AI has introduced a general-purpose robot designed to perform many workplace tasks currently handled by people - working with humans or without them. Canada-based Sanctuary AI is one of several companies attempting to overcome the challenge and bring a general-purpose robot to market, and on May 16, it revealed its sixth-generation robot, an AI-powered humanoid named “Phoenix.” Phoenix is 5’ 7”, weighs 155 pounds, and is capable of lifting up to 55 pounds. Its human-like hands have 20 degrees of freedom and haptic (触觉的) sensors that allow it to perform tasks that require dexterity and precision, such as labeling packages or picking fruit. According to Sanctuary, Phoenix also has human-like intelligence thanks to a proprietary AI control system called Carbon. It acts as the bot’s “brain” and can be trained to complete new tasks in computer simulations. Alternatively, Phoenix can “learn from demonstration.” With this approach, a human uses a VR headset to see what the bot sees and a special rig to guide it through completing a new task. This setup can also be used for remote control, which could enable people to work from home, prevent injuries due to physical labor, and increase the number of jobs available to people with disabilities. Sanctuary demonstrated the potential of robot remote work with a pilot test at a Mark’s retail store near its headquarters in January. Over the course of one week, a human guided the startup’s fifth-general-purpose robot through 110 tasks - about 40% of the jobs a typical employee needs to be able to do at the store. The ultimate goal is still a robot that could step into the workplace and complete tasks without the need for constant human supervision, and it’s not clear how much Phoenix can do autonomously or how long it takes to train the bot on something new. We should know more soon, though, as Sanctuary is starting to deploy its general-purpose robot at other locations near its headquarters. Customers don’t have to buy a bot to enjoy its benefits, either - they can hire one by the hour. 4. What has been the traditional limitation of robots in the workplace prior to the development of general-purpose robots? A. They were only capable of performing simple tasks. B. They required constant human supervision to function. C. They were designed to perform highly specialized tasks. D. They could not physically interact with the environment. 5. What does the underlined word “dexterity” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Strength. B. Skillfulness. C. Energy. D. Wisdom. 6. What can we learn about the AI control system called Carbon? A. It enables Phoenix to perform a broad set of work tasks. B. It allows Phoenix to learn from human demonstration. C. It serves as a remote control for Phoenix. D. It is a VR headset used for training purposes. 7. What was the significance of the pilot test conducted at a Mark’s retail store? A. It showcased Phoenix’s capability to replace all human employees in a store. B. It demonstrated Phoenix’s ability to perform remote work tasks effectively. C. It proved that Phoenix could handle tasks requiring physical strength. D. It indicated that Phoenix could autonomously learn from observing other workers. C Seasonality (季节性) is a big part of business. For some industries, seasonal patterns are a defining feature. Agriculture is one obvious example; tourism another. Western toymakers notch up a huge proportion of their annual sales during Christmas. Construction is harder during cold weather, when that industry employs fewer people. Firms less obviously tied to the seasons can still be deeply affected by them, as a recent review by Ian Hohm of the University of British Columbia makes clear. An analysis of social-media posts on the Internet found that dieting-related posts peak in the spring, as the season of body dysmorphia (变形) approaches (靠近). Even when overall demand doesn’t vary greatly between the seasons, preferences change. Beef-eaters buy roasts in the slow-cooking winter season and plump for steaks (牛排) during the summer months. Starbucks is among those firms that make seasonality a marketing event. The pumpkin-spiced latte is a reliable sign that autumn is on its way, along with falling leaves. Seasonality also leaves a less obvious imprint (印记) inside organisations. This week, with so many bosses stuck on a mountain for the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting in Davos, productive employees can get on with some work and lazy ones can relax. School holidays offer an obvious form of seasonality, when employees without children are upset that they are covering for colleagues on holiday, and colleagues on holiday are upset that they have children. Pay decisions are seasonal events, too. The time when employees find out their salary rises and bonuses sets off disappointment and happiness in all workplaces. In some, they are more like tsunamis. The actual date on which bonuses are paid matters too — once the money is safely put in the bank, people are more likely to move jobs. There are other forms of corporate seasonality. While there isn’t much research on the impact of seasonality within firms, it’s certain that they have their own annual rhythms. 8. Why do people focus on dieting (节食) in spring posts according to the analysis? A. They want to take time to get refreshed in spring. B. They fear the summer heat will ruin (毁坏) their health. C. They fear summer will reveal (揭露) their body shapes. D. They suffer a lack of proper food during winter. 9. What does the underlined part “plump for” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Throw away. B. Prefer to. C. Rule out. D. Turn up. 10. What troubles childless (无子女的) employees during school holidays? A. Being unable to relax in the absence of the boss. B. Staying in step with the change of the seasons. C. Accompanying the children of their colleagues. D. They are covering for colleagues on holiday. 11. Which of the following is the best title? A. Companies Have Their Own Seasonal Rhythms (节奏) B. School Holidays Have an Effect on Companies C. Corporate Seasonality Has Vast Social Effect D. Employees Must Watch Beyond the Seasons D Every April I am troubled by the same concern that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing grey. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine. “Just wait,” a neighbour advised. “You’ll wake up one morning and spring will just be here.” And look, on 3 May that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky, and forest revealed their purples, blues, and greens. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward. Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighbourhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree’s dark twisted branches stretch out in unpruned abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple. Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbours opened their windows and stepped onto their porches. These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens. My mobile-home neighbour was the first to speak. “You’re not cutting it down, are you?” she asked anxiously. Another neighbour frowned as I cut off a branch. “Don’t kill it, now,” he warned. Soon, half the neighbourhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people’s names, what they did for a living, and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn’t help recalling Robert Frost’s words: The trees that have it in their pent-up buds To darken nature and be summer woods One thaw (解冻) led to another. Just the other day, I saw one of my neighbours at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighbourhood. And then, he looked at me and said, “We need to prune that apple tree again.” 12. By saying that “my spirits ebb” in paragraph 1, the author means that . A. he feels relieved B. he is cheerful C. he is astonished D. he feels blue 13. Which of the following is TRUE about the apple tree according to the passage? A. No one other than the author cares about the apple tree. B. It grows on public property. C. It is a source of fresh fruit for the neighbourhood D. It is carefully attended to by the author. 14. It can be inferred from the neighbour’s words in the last paragraph that . A. He has a passion for gardening. B. He was concerned about the safety of the tree. C. He enjoyed the company of his neighbours. D. He changed his mind about pruning the tree. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. The Beauty of Nature B. The Secret of the Apple Tree. C. Under the Blossoms. D. The Spring in Maine. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are Police Officers Called Cops? Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”. General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____ Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”. ____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals. The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____ A. The term is slightly less familiar to people. B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar. C. These words define some of what a police officer does. D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then. E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate. F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct. G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Animal heroes can come in all shapes and sizes. One of the smaller ones was Bib, a yellow canary (金丝雀). Bib belonged to an elderly woman known as Aunt Tess. Aunt Tess was living in her house alone with just her pet canary for ___21___. Bib’s singing and happy ___22___ brought her comfort. In fact, Aunt Tess had ___23___ nearby. Each night her niece ___24___ if the lights were on in Aunt Tess’s house to make sure that everything was all right. One rainy evening the niece did her routine on Tess and saw through the ___25___ night air that the lights were on, so she pulled down her curtains and ___26___ with her husband for a quiet night. Halfway through the evening, the couple heard a loud tapping at the window. At first, they ___27___ it, considering it was just the sound of the storm. But the tapping continued and eventually the niece hurried over to the curtains and ___28___ them to reveal a bird on the outside of the window. It was Bib. Amazed at the canary’s ___29___ appearance, the niece quickly realized that something might be ___30___. The couple raced over to Aunt Tess’s house, and knocked on the door. But there was no reply. They got so ___31___ that when they let themselves in, they saw why. Aunt Tess lied on the ground with a pool of blood beside. Fortunately, the niece got to the ___32___ in time, and they were able to get her taken to hospital. The doctor told them Tess would have been in danger if she had ___33___ the timely treatment. Aunt Tess ___34___ made a good recovery. Sadly, because of flying in the rain for too long, Bib died. Tess and her family were sad at his death. But they knew that at least it had not been ___35___. Bib had given his life to save his friend. 21. A. storage B. work C. delivery D. company 22. A. news B. memory C. character D. ending 23. A. relatives B. roommates C. neighbors D. agents 24. A. realized B. checked C. imagined D. counted 25. A. stormy B. clear C. special D. mystical 26. A. went out B. calmed down C. checked out D. settled down 27. A. understood B. ignored C. canceled D. changed 28. A. caught B. drew C. found D. wiped 29. A. attractive B. different C. unexpected D. impressive 30. A. wrong B. broken C. interesting D. surprising 31. A. rational B. sensitive C. unhappy D. uneasy 32. A. hospital B. bird C. spot D. window 33. A. survived B. refused C. accepted D. missed 34. A. initially B. secretly C. eventually D. constantly 35. A. in relief B. in vain C. in panic D. in danger 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the streets of Shanghai, you can often see a young French woman leading a group of tourists around the city on citywalks, introducing the history and culture of the big city to them in Chinese, English and French. Clarisse Le Guernic runs a cultural company that has taken it ___36___ its mission to help locals and foreigners better understand Shanghai by the concept of citywalks. After coming to study in Shanghai in 2015, she ___37___ (regard) the city as her second hometown ever since. “___38___ I’m a foreigner, the city is no stranger to me,” she joked. Le Guernic’s story with China began back in 2008, ___39___ she chose Chinese as her second foreign language in middle school. ___40___ couple of years later during her second year of high school, she visited China for the first time together with her classmates. During that visit, they traveled to several famous places, such as the Great Wall and the Palace Museum. In addition to ___41___ (visit) historic sites, they also attended classes with Chinese students. The short journey left a deep impression on her. “I really longed for more ___42___ (opportunity) to go to China and experience the local life ___43___ (I),”she said. After her graduation from college, she chose ___44___ (settle) down in Shanghai and launch her own business. With Shanghai’s ___45___ (friend) business environment for foreign firms, she was able to register her company within two weeks in April 2020. Her company provides citywalk tours to help tourists experience Shanghai. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于4月23日举办“校园读书节”（Campus Reading Festival），旨在鼓励学生多读书、读好书。请你代表校学生会，给你校英国外教Peter写一封邀请信，邀请他担任读书节“读书分享会”环节的嘉宾。 内容包括：1. 介绍读书节的时间和主题； 2. 说明邀请他的原因及希望他参与的环节。 注意：1. 词数80个左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My beloved grandma had never left Australia, and now, due to cancer, she never would. Helplessly planted in the armchair by the window, she spent her days watching travel shows on TV, her thin shoulders casting fragile (脆弱的) shadows. Her eyes would light up when the screen showed palm-tree-lined beaches in Hawaii, their glow reflecting in her clouded pupils (瞳孔), but then she’d sigh and trace her blanket’s edge, as if touching a world she’d never feel. I often saw her stare at the map above her chair, its edges curling (卷边) like old paper, her gaze lingering on countries from her books. “Maybe one day,” she used to say, tracing imaginary routes, but now, those words felt broken. I swallowed the sadness, textbooks buried under medical notes. One night, scrolling through my phone with tear-streaked cheeks, I had an idea. Typing fast, I wrote: “My Nanny has cancer and she will never see the world. Please send her postcards so she can see the world from her armchair. I can offer nothing but gratitude.” The cursor (光标) blinked like a heartbeat. I added our address and hit “post”, heart pounding. Silence screamed louder than the fridge’s hum (嗡嗡声). What if no one cared? I resolved not to breathe a word of this; should nothing come, I couldn’t bear to carry her disappointment along with my own. Days turned to weeks and Nanny’s health declined rapidly, her voice a whisper when she asked me to rewind a travel show about the Eiffel Tower. “Imagine standing there,” she said, “feeling the wind off the Seine.” I nodded, but inside, I was crumbling (崩溃). Medicine bottles multiplied like cruel souvenirs as time went by. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Six weeks later, a postcard from the UK nestled into our humble little mailbox. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Our very last “flight” departed on a warm morning. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $