Unit 1 Laugh out loud 语法(非限定性定语从句)导学案-2026-2027学年高二英语外研版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语导学案聚焦非限定性定语从句，结合单元主题“Laugh out Loud!”，通过喜剧演出、笑话等情境导入，对比已学的限定性定语从句，构建“概念-关系词-禁忌-辨析”的知识支架，帮助学生理解补充说明功能及关系词使用规则。 资料亮点在于情境化例句紧扣单元主题，通过which与as指代整句、限定与非限定对比等辨析培养思维品质，分层练习（填空、改写、汉译英）提升语言能力，答案详解助力自主学习，符合学习能力培养要求，便于教师高效教学与学生巩固。

Unit1 Laugh out Loud!语法讲解与练习 语法:非限定性定语从句详细讲解 1. 概念 非限定性定语从句：对先行词做补充、附加说明，去掉后主句意思依然完整；和主句之间用逗号隔开，不能用that引导，不能省略关系词。先行词可以是人、物、整个主句。 2. 关系词一览表 关系词 指代 在从句中成分 备注 who 人 主语、宾语 不省略 whom 人 宾语 常可与who互换，正式书面 whose 人/物 定语 表“……的” which 物 / 整个主句 主语、宾语 ⚠️可指代前面整件事，不能用that as 物 / 整个主句 主语、宾语 常见：as we know, as is known to us等，可放句首 where 地点 地点状语 先行词表地点，从句缺状语 when 时间 时间状语 先行词表时间，从句缺状语 ❗核心禁忌 1. 非限定性定语从句绝对不用 that 2. 关系词作宾语不能省略 3. 逗号是形式标志；去掉从句，主句语义完整。 3. 重点难点辨析 （1）which 指代整件事（高频必考） 用法说明：which 可以指代前面整个主句的内容，翻译为“这一点、这件事”，只能置于主句之后，是非限定性定语从句的核心考点，绝对不能用that替换。 例句1：He missed the live comedy show, which made him feel very regretful. 译文：他错过了这场现场喜剧演出，这件事让他十分遗憾。 例句2：The comedian refused to give up, which won high praise from the audience. 译文：这位喜剧演员不肯放弃，这一点赢得了观众的高度赞扬。 （2）as vs which 指代整句 精准辨析 as 用法：意为“正如、就像”，指代整句话内容，可放句首、句中、句末，多用来陈述众所周知、预料之中的事情，固定搭配极多。 as 例句1：As we expected, the stand-up show turned out to be a great success. 译文：正如我们所预料的，这场单口喜剧演出大获成功。 as 例句2：As is mentioned in our textbook, laughter is the best medicine. 译文：正如我们课本中提到的，大笑是最好的良药。 which 用法：仅能置于主句末尾，指代整件事，多表示出乎意料、客观陈述的结果，译为“这、这件事”。 which 例句1：He told a ridiculous joke, which made all of us burst into laughter. 译文：他讲了一个滑稽的笑话，逗得我们所有人都哈哈大笑。 which 例句2：She forgot the lines on the stage, which embarrassed her a little. 译文：她在舞台上忘词了，这让她有点尴尬。 （3）whose 的用法（人/物都可以） The old man, whose son is a comedian, loves watching comedies. 这位老人，他儿子是喜剧演员，很爱看喜剧。 The book, whose cover is red, is popular among teenagers. 那本封面是红色的书，在青少年中很受欢迎。 （4）介词+which/whom 结构（高频考点） 介词由从句动词搭配决定 The show, in which many comedians took part, was a great success. 这场很多喜剧演员参加的演出大获成功。（take part in） The girl, with whom I talked just now, is our monitor. 刚刚和我交谈的那个女孩，是我们班长。（talk with sb） （5）where / when 非限定用法 We will go to the theatre next week, where a funny play will be put on. 我们下周要去剧院，那里会上演一出喜剧。 I will never forget that summer holiday, when I learned to enjoy comedies. 我永远不会忘记那个暑假，那时我爱上看喜剧。 4. 限定性 vs 非限定性定语从句 完整对比区分 两者核心区别：是否有逗号、是否可删除、能否用that、关系词能否省略，直接决定题型对错，是考试易错重灾区。 （1）核心区别总览 限定性定语从句：无逗号，紧密修饰先行词，起到“限定、区分”作用，删除后主句语义不完整、指代模糊；可用that，作宾语的关系词可省略。 非限定性定语从句：有逗号，仅做补充说明，无区分作用，删除后主句语义完整清晰；禁用that，所有关系词均不可省略。 （2）分组对比例句（直观理解） 例句组1（修饰人） 限定性：The students who work hard will get good grades. 译文：努力学习的学生会取得好成绩。 解析：无逗号，专门限定“努力的学生”，区分不努力的学生，删除从句后主句“The students will get good grades”语义宽泛、不精准。 非限定性：My classmates, who work hard, will get good grades. 译文：我的同学们都很努力，他们会取得好成绩。 解析：有逗号，补充说明所有同学的特点，删除从句后“My classmates will get good grades”语义完整清晰。 例句组2（修饰物，单元主题适配） 限定性：The comedy shows that are funny are popular with students. 译文：有趣的喜剧节目深受学生喜爱。 解析：无逗号，限定“有趣的”喜剧，区分枯燥的节目，可用that。 非限定性：These comedy shows, which are funny, are popular with students. 译文：这些喜剧节目十分有趣，深受学生喜爱。 解析：有逗号，补充说明节目特点，不可用that，删除从句主句依然成立。 配套练习题 Ⅰ.用正确的关系词填空 1. My deskmate, ______ is a big fan of crosstalk, often tells me funny jokes. 2. The comedy show, ______ we watched last night, turned out to be very interesting. 3. Mr. Li, ______ sense of humour impresses all of us, will give us a speech. 4. He missed the beginning of the performance, ______ made him quite disappointed. 5. ______ is known to all, laughter is good for our physical and mental health. 6. The young actor, with ______ we took photos, has appeared in many comedies. 7. We will visit the local theatre next Sunday, ______ a new play will be on show. 8. I still remember the winter vacation, ______ I first watched a standup comedy. 9. The book, ______ cover is yellow, contains many stories about funny performers. 10. Tom has won the first prize, ______ we all expected. 11. The lady, about ______ we talked just now, is a famous comedy director. 12. He arrived late for the party, ______ annoyed everyone present. 13. ______ can be seen from the video, the audience burst into loud laughter. 14. The café, ______ we often go to relax, holds small comedy shows every weekend. 15. His father, ______ used to be a comedian, now works as a teacher. 16. She refused to laugh at the joke, ______ puzzled her friends. 17. The year 2024, ______ many funny short videos became popular, is unforgettable. 18. The boy, ______ hobby is telling jokes, can always make people around happy. 19. This new film, in ______ many young stars acted, has got good reviews. 20. The professor, to ______ we turned for advice, gave us some useful suggestions. 21. He kept silent during the show, ______ was unusual for him. 22. ______ is mentioned in the text, standup comedy can bring people great joy. 23. The community centre, ______ many old people gather, will host a laughing party. 24. Lucy, ______ we met at the comedy club, is good at imitating famous actors. 25. He told us a madeup story, ______ no one believed. Ⅱ.句子改写 要求：把两个简单句合并为含有非限定性定语从句的复合句，注意逗号。 1. The man is a famous standup comedian. His performances are loved by millions. ___________________________________________________________________ 2. She gave me a funny book. I finished reading it in two days. ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Laughter helps reduce stress. Scientists have proved this fact. ___________________________________________________________________ 4. We will go to the city theatre. A wonderful comedy will be put on there. ___________________________________________________________________ 5. He didn’t accept our invitation. That made us very surprised. ___________________________________________________________________ 6. I will never forget that weekend. I watched my first live show then. ___________________________________________________________________ 7. The girl is my classmate. I shared many interesting stories with her. ___________________________________________________________________ 8. As teenagers, we need more joy. This point is discussed in Unit1. ___________________________________________________________________ 9. The play has a happy ending. Many audience members were moved by it. ___________________________________________________________________ 10. The old performer has rich life experience. From him we can learn a lot. ___________________________________________________________________ Ⅲ.汉译英 1. 他是一名喜剧演员，他的表演总能使观众大笑。 ___________________________________________________________________ 2. 正如我们所知道的，幽默可以拉近人与人之间的距离。 ___________________________________________________________________ 3. 这部喜剧电影，我上周看的，给我留下深刻印象。 ___________________________________________________________________ 4. 他在舞台上犯了一个小错误，这件事让全场哄堂大笑。 ___________________________________________________________________ 5. 我们下周将去那家剧院，那里会举办一场脱口秀演出。 ___________________________________________________________________ 6. 我依然记得那个夜晚，我第一次体验现场喜剧。 ___________________________________________________________________ 7. 刚才我们与之交谈的那位女士写过很多搞笑故事。 ___________________________________________________________________ 8. 他拒绝讲笑话，这让在场的所有人都感到意外。 ___________________________________________________________________ 9. 那本封面很有趣的书非常受年轻人欢迎。 ___________________________________________________________________ 10. 正如课文中所描述，大笑有益于我们的身心健康。 ___________________________________________________________________ 11. 那个男孩，你昨天遇到的，擅长讲单口喜剧。 ___________________________________________________________________ 12. 她赢得了喜剧比赛，正如我们所有人预料到的那样。 ___________________________________________________________________ 13. 我们经常去的那家书店有很多关于喜剧的书籍。 ___________________________________________________________________ 14. 他父亲过去是一名喜剧表演者，现在在一所学校教书。 ___________________________________________________________________ 15. 他讲了一个令人捧腹的笑话，我们都被逗乐了。 ___________________________________________________________________ Keys Ⅰ.关系词的正确形式填空 1. who 2. which 3. whose 4. which 5. As 6. whom 7. where 8. when 9. whose 10. as 11. whom 12. which 13. As 14. where 15. who 16. which 17. when 18. whose 19. which 20. whom 21. which 22. As 23. where 24. whom 25. which Ⅱ.句子改写 1. The man, whose performances are loved by millions, is a famous standup comedian. 2. She gave me a funny book, which I finished reading in two days. 3. Laughter helps reduce stress, which scientists have proved. 4. We will go to the city theatre, where a wonderful comedy will be put on. 5. He didn’t accept our invitation, which made us very surprised. 6. I will never forget that weekend, when I watched my first live show. 7. The girl, with whom I shared many interesting stories, is my classmate. 8. As teenagers, we need more joy, which is discussed in Unit1. 9. The play, by which many audience members were moved, has a happy ending. 10. The old performer, from whom we can learn a lot, has rich life experience. Ⅲ.汉译英 1. He is a comedian, whose performances always make the audience laugh. 2. As we know, humour can shorten the distance between people. 3. This comedy film, which I watched last week, left a deep impression on me. 4. He made a small mistake on the stage, which made the whole audience burst into laughter. 5. Next week we will go to that theatre, where a standup show will be held. 6. I still remember that night, when I experienced live comedy for the first time. 7. The lady, with whom we talked just now, has written many funny stories. 8. He refused to tell jokes, which surprised all the people present. 9. The book, whose cover is very interesting, is very popular among young people. 10. As is described in the text, laughing is good for our physical and mental health. 11. The boy, whom/who you met yesterday, is good at standup comedy. 12. She won the comedy competition, as all of us expected. 13. The bookstore, where we often go, has many books about comedy. 14. His father, who used to be a comedy performer, now teaches in a school. 15. He told a hilarious joke, which amused all of us. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $