Unit 2 School life 教材考点词汇精讲 2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了8A U2 School life单元的核心词汇，按Welcome to the unit、Reading、Grammar & Word power、Integration-Further study四个课时及拓展模块递进。涵盖词义、词性变化、固定搭配、用法辨析和教材原句应用，构建从基础到综合的词汇学习支架。 知识链路以教材语境为依托，通过“观察学习模仿”原句强化语言能力，借助表格对比易混词汇（如few/a few）和考点总结（如to作介词用法）培养思维品质。考题情景贴近中考，搭配选词填空和应用练习，助力学生系统掌握词汇并提升应试能力。

8A U2 School life 教材考点词汇笔记 课时1 Welcome to the unit 1.plastic(考察单词意思) adj.塑料的 n.塑料 →plastic →throw away millions of plastic bottles ◆used plastic bottles 使用过的塑料瓶 ▲throw away millions of plastic bottles, ◆plastic cup 塑料杯子 ◆plastic bag 塑料袋； →plastic n.塑料 [常考选词填空] plastic →throw away millions of plastic bottles 2.cheap(考察单词意思) adj.便宜的 →(比较级) cheaper →a bit cheaper than →(最高级)the cheapest →(反义词)expensive adj.昂贵的 ▲expensive →(比较级)more expensive →(最高级)the most expensive [核心考点-考题情景] 1.cheap/cheaper →a bit cheaper than 2.expensive →(比较级)more/less expensive →(最高级)the most/least expensive 3.environment n.环境 →environmental adj.有关环境的；环境的；生态环境的 ▲improve the environment 改善环境 →natural environment ▲We must look after our home—the earth, because our life is closely related to its environment. 课时2 Reading 1.few det.&adj.不多，很少 pron.很少人(或事物、地方) →比较级：fewer [观察学习模仿教材原句] Linlin's school has fewer students in each class than Tomoya's school. 琳琳学校每个班级的学生比智也学校的少。 Our classes are not as big as the ones here,and we have fewer students in each class. 我们的班级没有这里的大，每个班的学生也更少。 →最高级：the fewest →a few 一些(后加可数名词复数) →a few +可数名词复数 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Students here have students’ books for most of their subjects, but we only have textbooks for a few subjects. 这里的学生有大部分科目的学生用书，但我们只有少数科目的教科书。 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.few →(比较级)fewer →(最高级)the fewest ▲use (few)throwaway products than before ▲She has (few)hobbies in her class. ▲Which student made (few)mistakes in your class? 2.fewer →made mistakes than the others in the exam →[常考辨析][中考考点] a few , few, a little与 little 易混词汇 含义 用法 a few 一些，少量，几个，有一些 表示肯定的含义，修饰可数名词复数 few 不多(的);少数(的);不多,少许;略微 表示否定的含义，修饰可数名词复数 a little 一点儿;一些;有一点儿，有一些 表示肯定的含义，修饰不可数名词 little 少量,很少；几乎没有；略微 表示否定的含义，修饰不可数名词 →quite a few 相当多，不少 2.drama n.戏剧；戏，剧 [观察学习模仿教材原句] We have a special building just for art,music and drama lessons. 我们有一栋专用于艺术、音乐和戏剧课的教学楼。 3.foreign adj.外国的 →foreign movie/film 外国电影 →foreign languages 外国语言 →an important foreign language →many foreign visitors →foreigner n.外国人 [常考选词填空] foreign →many foreign visitors →an important foreign language →instead of ones →travel to a country 4.as adv.和……一样 5.as ... as ... 和……一样…… →as +形容词/副词原级+as... →as simple as.... 和……一样简单 →as important as 和……一样重要 ▲Our school is not very big but is as beautiful as theirs (they) ◆as excited as we are 和我们一样兴奋 ◆as long as 与……一样长 [观察学习模仿教材原句] To us,learning Chinese may not be as simple as learning French or German,but I am looking forward to having a go. 对于我们而言，学习汉语可能不像学习法语或德语那么简单，但是我期待试一试。 The arts are as important as languages,Maths and Science in Nancy's school. 在南希的学校，艺术与语言、数学和科学同等重要。 Our classes are not as big as the ones here,and we have fewer students in each class. 我们的班级没有这里的大，每个班的学生也更少。 →as often as 像……一样频繁 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.as often as →speak you can →play basketball with my friends my brother does 2.as soon as possible 尽可能快的；尽快；尽早 3.as good as 和…… 一样好 →(反义短语)not as good as 不如……好 6.French n.法语；法国人 →the French 表示全体“法国人” →speak a little French ▲I am new in France,but I can speak a little French . →France n.法国，法兰西 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.French →speak a little French →speak a lot of → is the most beautiful language in the world, I think. 2.French n.法语；法国人 →France n.法国，法兰西 ◆speak French 说法语 ▲learn to speak (France). 7.German [U]n.德语； [C]n.德国人 →(复数)Germans →(复数：名词所有格)Germans’ ▲those Germans’ (German)keys →German adj.德国的 →Germany n.德国 8.forward adv.向前 9.look forward to 期待 →look forward to 期待 ◆look forward to sth. 期待某事(考察单词意思) →look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 ▲look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事 [观察学习模仿教材原句] To us,learning Chinese may not be as simple as learning French or German,but I am looking forward to having a go. 对于我们而言，学习汉语可能不像学习法语或德语那么简单，但是我期待试一试。 [核心考点-考题情景] ▲sb. be looking/looks forward to doing sth. →(反义词)backwards adv.向后 类似的结构（to 作介词，后面用doing sth.）还有： ◆be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事…… ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ◆according to 根据 【中考重要考点—to 为 prep. 的用法总结】 ◆look forward to doing sth. 期望/期盼做某事 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆get/ be/become used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ◆prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事，更喜欢做某事/喜欢做某事胜过做某事 ◆devote oneself to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆devote ... to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 10.go n.尝试 11.have a go 尝试，试图 [观察学习模仿教材原句] To us,learning Chinese may not be as simple as learning French or German,but I am looking forward to having a go. 对于我们而言，学习汉语可能不像学习法语或德语那么简单，但是我期待试一试。 →(复数形式)goes [核心考点-考题情景] ▲have a go at doing sth. have a go →I've never painted before,but I’m willing to . 12.earthquake n.地震 ▲protect themselves in a(n) earthquake ◆protect yourself/themselves in an earthquake [观察学习模仿教材原句] Japan is one of the countries with the most earthquakes in the world,so our school offers different safety programmes to teach us how to survive in the face of danger. 日本是世界上发生地震最多的国家之一，因此我们学校开设了不同的安全课程来教我们如何在危险面前生存下来。 13.offer vt.提供 →offer sth. (主动)提供某物 ▲offer sb. great help ▲offer help to people in need ▲offer you great help →offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 提供给某人某物；向某人提供某物 →offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 →主动提出，表示自愿做某事。 ◆offer different safety programmes 提供不同的安全培训课程 →offer to help 主动提供帮助 →(过去式)offered →(现在分词式)offering ▲Thank you for offering (offer) me so much help. →(近义词)provide vt.提供 ◆provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.offer/offers →offer sb. great help →offer help to people in need 2.offers →listens to me carefully and me help 3.offering →enjoys/enjoy me some help →offering help 4.offer/offered sb. a job 14.programme n.(AmE program) 课程；计划；节目 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Japan is one of the countries with the most earthquakes in the world,so our school offers different safety programmes to teach us how to survive in the face of danger. 日本是世界上发生地震最多的国家之一，因此我们学校开设了不同的安全课程来教我们如何在危险面前生存下来。 We get plenty of hands-on experience from these programmes. 我们从这些课程中获得了大量的实践经验。 →programme 节目；节目单 ◆a news programme 新闻节目 ◆a theatre programme 剧院节目单 →programme 计划，方案；项目；课程； ◆development programme 发展项目； ◆research programme 研究项目； ◆training programme 培训项目 ◆a training programme for new volunteers 新志愿者培训方案 15.plenty pron.大量 16.plenty of 大量 →plenty of = a lot of /lots of 大量，后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词均可。 ▲plenty of + [U] n. 大量的，许多的 ◆plenty of hands-on experience 大量的实践经验 ◆have plenty of time to do sth. ◆plenty of water/information ▲We have plenty of time to finish the work. [观察学习模仿教材原句] We get plenty of hands-on experience from these programmes. 我们从这些课程中获得了大量的实践经验。 [常考选词填空] plenty of →have plenty of time to do sth. →plenty of water/information 17.*hands-on adj.实际操作的 ◆plenty of hands-on experience 大量的实践经验 ▲get lots of hands-on experience ◆offer hands-on experiments →(反义词)hands-off adj.不介入的 [常考选词填空] hands-on →lots of hands-on experience →offer hands-on experiments 18.attention n.注意，专心，注意力 [常考选词填空] attention →caught everyone's catch /caught one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 [考点总结] attention 在前则使用被动：be paid；attention 在后则使用主动 →draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意；引起某人的注意 ▲catch /caught one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 ▲sth. needs one’s full attention ◆public attention 公众的关注 ◆for your attention 请你注意 19.pay attention to 注意 ◆pay a lot of attention to food education 重视食品教育 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Our school also pays a lot of attention to food education. 我们学校也很关注食育。 →pay attention to doing sth. 专心做某事 ▲pay attention to making（make）sth. .... ◆pay more attention to 更注重；更加注意 ▲pay too much attention to sth. ◆pay no attention to 不注意；不在意 ▲if more attention be paid （pay）to sth. [考点总结] attention 在前则使用被动：be paid；attention 在后则使用主动 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.pay attention to → protecting the environment 2.pay more attention to →In dry weather,people had better the fire safety. 类似的结构（to 作介词，后面用doing sth.）还有： ◆be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事…… ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事 ◆according to 根据 【中考重要考点—to 为 prep. 的用法总结】 ◆look forward to doing sth. 期望/期盼做某事 ◆pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ◆get/ be/become used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ◆prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做某事，更喜欢做某事/喜欢做某事胜过做某事 ◆devote oneself to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆devote ... to doing sth. 致力于做某事 ◆lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 20.aware adj.意识到，知道 [常考选词填空] aware →sb. should be that 21.be aware of 意识到 →be more aware of 更加意识到 [观察学习模仿教材原句] In this way,we are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet. 这样，我们就更加意识到健康饮食的重要性。 [核心考点-考题情景] be aware that... 意识到 ▲be aware of 意识到，知晓，清楚 ▲be aware of the problem 意识到这个问题；清楚这个问题 →be aware(that) …意识到…… →as far as I’m aware 据我所知 →awareness n.意识 ◆an awareness of 认识到/意识到 →unaware adj.不知道；未察觉；未意识到 →类似结构（“be动词+形容词+介词”）的动词短语有： ◆be afraid of 害怕； be careful of 小心； ◆be proud of 为……自豪； ◆be full of 充满； ◆be tired of 厌倦； ◆be certain of 确信； be fond of 喜欢； ◆be nervous of 害怕； ◆be short of 缺乏。 22.importance n.重要性 →the importance of ……的重要性 ▲realize the importance (important) of protecting the environment. ◆the importance of education 教育的重要性 ◆the importance of a healthy diet 健康饮食的的重要性 [观察学习模仿教材原句] In this way,we are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet. 这样，我们就更加意识到健康饮食的重要性。 →be of (great) importance = be (great) important (非常)重要的 →important adj.重要的 ◆an important tradition of ……的重要传统 ◆another important tradition 另一个重要的传统 ◆be important for/to sb. 对某人来说是重要的 ★It’s important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的 ▲It is also/very important to do sth. [观察学习模仿教材原句] Cleaning is another important tradition in Japanese schools. 打扫卫生是日本学校的另一个重要传统。 [核心考点-考题情景] important adj.重要的 importance n.重要性 ▲important →(最高级)the most important ▲important →importance n.重要性 ◆the importance of ……的重要性 ▲the (important)of ▲time is even more important than money →(反义词)unimportant adj.不重要的 →importantly adv.重要地 →类似变化的词还有--importance是由形容词important变化而来的： absent(缺席) →absence(缺席) confident(自信的) →confidence(自信心；信任) patient(有耐心的) →patience(耐心；忍耐力) silent(沉默的；安静的) →silence(沉默；寂静) convenient(方便的) →convenience(方便；便利) present(在场) →presence(在场；存在) 23.Japanese adj.日本(人)的，日语的 ◆speak Japanese ◆speak French and Japanese →Japan n.日本 [核心考点-考题情景] Japan →Japanese ▲sb. be very interested in (Japan)art ▲five Americans and two (Japan) 24.ourselves (考察单词拼写) pron.我们自己 →by ourselves 我们自己 ▲enjoyed ourselves (we) [常考选词填空] ourselves →Safety is very important for everyone. So we must learn how to protect . ◆enjoy ourselves = have fun = have a good/great/nice/wonderful time 玩的开心 25.develop vt.形成；开发 vt.&vi.(使)发展 ◆develop good habits 养成良好的习惯 [观察学习模仿教材原句] This helps us develop good habits from an early age. 这有助于我们从小养成良好的习惯。 ◆develop a love for... 对……形成热爱 →development n.发展 ◆with the development of... 随着……的发展 →developed adj.发达的 ◆developed country 发达国家 →developing adj.发展中的 ◆developing country 发展中国家； [核心考点-考题情景] 1.develop → have more free time to their own hobbies and interests 2.develop →By practicing English every day,I can better speaking skills and communicate more confidently. 3.develop good habits from an early age 4.develop a good habit of doing sth. 26.junior adj.初级的；青少年的 ▲junior high school 27.rocket n.火箭 ▲a model of a space rocket 一个太空火箭模型 课时3 Grammar & Word power 1.*lunchtime n.午餐时间 [常考选词填空] lunchtime →chat with each other at →have our main meal at lunchtime 2.least det.&pron.最少的 adv.最少 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Nancy's school has the least break time. 南希的学校休息时间最短。 →at least 至少 →(反义词)at most 至多；不超过 →least adj.最少的;最小的 →(原级) little →(比较级) less [核心考点-考题情景] 1.least →has the break time 2.at least →visit them at least twice a month 3.little →(比较级)less →(最高级)the least ▲ (little)homework than ▲has the (little)experience. ▲has the (little)juice ▲Of the three bottles this one has (little)milk 4.most →the most famous doctor 3.international adj.国际(化)的 →international n.国际体育比赛 ◆go to an international school 去一所国际学校上学 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.international →open up flights →in the community 2.internation →international ▲an (internation)city ▲ international school 4.vacation n.(美)>假期，度假 ◆plan a vacation to Spain 策划一次西班牙之旅 [观察学习模仿教材原句] This summer,I'm planning a vacation to Spain,so I can practice my Spanish. 今年夏天，我计划去西班牙度假，以便练习西班牙语。 →(同义词)holiday n.<英>假期，度假 →be on vacation 在度假 →go on vacation 去度假 ◆on vacation 在度假 ◆take a vacation 度假 ◆the winter/summer vacation 寒假/暑假 [常考选词填空] vacation →your plan for this coming summer →has two weeks off for a 课时4 Integration-Further study 1.textbook n.课本，教材 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Students here have students’ books for most of their subjects, but we only have textbooks for a few subjects. 这里的学生有大部分科目的学生用书，但我们只有少数科目的教科书。 [常考选词填空] textbook →left my English at home 2.search vi.&vt.搜索；查找 ◆search online 上网搜索 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Moreover,we need more computers in the library so that it is easier for us to search online. 此外，在图书馆我们需要更多的电脑，以便我们更容易在网上搜索。 →search for sb./sth. 搜寻某人/某物 →search sb. 搜某人的身 →search n.搜索 →in search of sb./sth. 寻找某人/某物 [核心考点-考题情景] search →(动词三单)searches ▲search for some information about sth. 3.finish vt.&vi.完成，做好 →finish (doing)sth. 完成(做)某事 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.finished/finishes + doing sth. 2.finish → tidying your bedroom 3.finishes → her homework with her sister's help 4.American adj.美国(人)的 ◆an American middle school student's daily life 一名美国中学生的日常生活 [核心考点-考题情景] America 美国 →American 美国的；美国人的 ▲ (America)students ▲ (America)student ▲learn (America)English at school 5.hamburger n.汉堡包 [常考选词填空] hamburgers →The are much smaller than those in the advertisements. 6.pizza n.比萨饼 [常考选词填空] pizzas → enjoy some Italian 7.*fried adj.油炸的 8.salad n.沙拉 [常考选词填空] salad →make vegetable →make fruit 9.chopstick n.筷子 ◆how to eat with chopsticks 怎么用筷子吃东西 ◆how to use chopsticks 怎样使用筷子 [常考选词填空] chopsticks →it's impolite to hit an empty bowl with →We often have meals with but people in the West don't. →Chinese people eat meals with ,and they seldom use forks. 10.movie n.《美》电影 ◆get to watch movies 有机会看电影；得以看电影 [常考选词填空] watch movies →watch movies at the cinema 11.difference n.差异，不同(之处) →make a/no difference (to...) (对……)有/没有影响 →different adj.不同的 [观察学习模仿教材原句] However,in the USA,we usually go to different classrooms to have different lessons. 然而在美国，我们通常去不同的教室上不同的课。 →be different from 与……不同 →(反义词)be the same as... 与……相同；和……一样 →be quite different from 与……非常不同 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.difference n.不同；差异 ▲a great (different)in their ages ▲tell the (different) between needs and wants. 2.different + [C]n. 复数 ▲different (country) 3.be different from 与……不同。 4.from 的相关短语： ◆learn from 从……中学习 ◆choose from 从……中选择 ◆hear from 收到某人的来信 ◆borrow from 从……中借 ◆come from = be from 来自 ◆be different from 和……不同 ◆away from 离……（多远）、远离 →数字 + 距离单位 + away from + 地点 ◆far away from = far from （状态:只描述距离）离…… 很远，自带 “遥远” 的程度 →不能搭配具体数字 ◆stay/staying away from 远离 ◆keep away from （动作 / 劝告）远离；避开；不要靠近（侧重主动躲开危险、不好的人或事物） ◆keep sb. away from sth. 使某人远离某物 12.cookie n.《美》饼干 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.cookies → made some delicious 2.cookie →(复数)cookies ▲eat some (cookie). 13.fork n.餐叉 [常考选词填空] forks →use to have meals →American people use knives and to have meals →use to eat when we have dinner together 14.spoon n.勺，匙 [常考选词填空] spoons →put two of sugar into the milk shake 15.boring adj.没趣的，令人厌倦的 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.bore →boring ▲sth.be very (bore) ▲bore →bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 →boring adj.令人厌倦的，令人感觉无聊的 2.bore →boring adj.令人厌倦的，令人感觉无聊的 →bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 →boring ▲The show on TV is noisy and (bore) ▲My school days are never (bored) ▲The trip was (bore) →bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 ▲—I never feel bored when Sam is with me. — Of course. He is not a boring person at all. 16.suggestion n.建议 →give suggestions on 提出建议 →make suggestions on 对……提建议 [观察学习模仿教材原句] I hope my suggestions help improve our school life. 我希望我的建议帮助改善我们的学校生活。 I hope you will find my suggestions useful and improve the school in some of these ways. 我希望您会觉得我的建议有用，并且采纳其中一些方法来让学校变得更好。 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.suggestion →be a great 2.suggestions →give you some about how to deal with this problem 3.suggest v.建议 suggestions n.建议 ▲Her (suggest)are of some value. →make a suggestion 提建议 →(同义词)advice 17.uniform n.校服，制服 [常考选词填空] uniforms →wear school at school →have to wear school 18.improve vt.&vi.改进，改善 ◆how to improve school life 如何改善学校生活 [常考选词填空] improve →try our best to handwriting. →improvement n.改进 19.suggest vt.建议 [观察学习模仿教材原句] First,I would like to suggest that our school should provide more sports facilities,so we can take part in different types of sports. 首先，我想建议我们学校提供更多的体育设施，这样我们就能参与各种体育运动。 →suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 →It's suggested that ... 有人提议…… [核心考点-考题情景] 1.suggest v.建议 suggestions n.建议 ▲Her (suggest)are of some value. 2.suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 →suggest exercising more 3.suggests →Tom visiting the museum to learn more about the city 20.provide vt.提供 →provide sb.with sth. = provide sth.for sb. 给某人提供某物 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.provides → nice food and clean environment. 2.provide sth.for sb. = provide sb.with sth. 给某人提供某物 21.*moreover adv.此外 [观察学习模仿教材原句] Moreover,we need more computers in the library so that it is easier for us to search online. 此外，在图书馆我们需要更多的电脑，以便我们更容易在网上搜索。 22.*yours sincerely 谨上，谨启 02.拓展词汇考点 1.choose from 从……中选择 [考点1] choose v.选择 →(Ved)chose →(过去分词)chosen ◆choose sb. to be/as a monitor 选择某人当班长 ◆choose to do sth. 选择做某事 [考点2] →choice n.选择 ◆have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择，只能做某事 ▲—Oh,we have missed the last bus.What should we do? —I'm afraid we have no choice but ______ (walk) there now. ◆make a choice = make choices 做出选择 [考点3——单选完型常考辨析] ▲chance 机会；character 人物；change 改变；choice 选择 [核心考点-考题情景] 1.choose →can your favourite sport 2.choose from 从……中选择。 3.from 的相关短语： ◆learn from 从……中学习 ◆choose from 从……中选择 ◆hear from 收到某人的来信 ◆borrow from 从……中借 ◆come from = be from 来自 ◆be different from 和……不同 ◆away from 离……（多远）、远离 →数字 + 距离单位 + away from + 地点 ◆far away from = far from （状态:只描述距离）离…… 很远，自带 “遥远” 的程度 →不能搭配具体数字 ◆stay/staying away from 远离 ◆keep away from （动作 / 劝告）远离；避开；不要靠近（侧重主动躲开危险、不好的人或事物） ◆keep sb. away from sth. 使某人远离某物 2.take part in → after-school activities 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $