Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A(2a-2f) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语人教版（2024）八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦“假期经历与一般过去时”核心内容，系统梳理一般过去时功能句型（How was your holiday?/Did you go anywhere interesting?）、不定代词（anything/nothing/someone）用法及听力策略（听前预测、听中抓关键、听后复述）。通过听前丽江语境铺垫、听中对话补全与信息表填写、听后角色扮演与经历分享的学习支架，构建“输入-内化-输出”的完整学习链。 资料以情境化任务链设计为亮点，听前用丽江风光与美食激活背景知识，培养文化意识；听中通过2a补全对话逻辑、2c概要填空巩固语法，提升思维品质；听后2f同伴分享经历实现语言输出，发展语言能力。随堂检测与易错提醒帮助学生课后查漏补缺，助力自主学习能力养成，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后促进知识内化。

Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A (2a-2f) Holidays & Past Tense & Indefinite Pronouns (讲义 学生用) 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A (2a-2f) 课型 听说课(假期经历与一般过去时) 年级 八年级上册 课时 第 2 课时 教材 人教版(2024)英语八年级上册(Unit 1,课本 p.3–4) 主题 How do people spend their holidays? 教学重难点 【教学重点】 1. 功能句型:用一般过去时询问与描述假期经历——How was your holiday? / Where did you go? / Did you go anywhere interesting? / Did you do anything special?(课本 p.3–4) 2. 不定代词:anything / nothing / someone / everywhere 等在疑问、否定、肯定句中的用法(课本 p.4,2c) 3. 听力策略:听前预测、听中抓关键信息补全对话与表格、听后复述并角色扮演(课本 p.3–4) 【教学难点】 1. 2a 补全对话的逻辑衔接:根据上下文选择恰当句子(B/D/E/A/F/C)。 2. 不定代词语义与位置:anything 用于疑问/否定句;nothing 已含否定义,不与 not 连用;special 等形容词须后置(anything special)。 3. 一词多性/多义:taste(系动词/实义动词/名词)、try(try doing / try to do / have a try);breath(名词 /bre /)与 breathe(动词 /bri /)形近易混。 (一)听前铺垫:云南丽江话题(课本 p.3 语境) 【过渡语】听前先建立“云南丽江”的语境图式,进入 2a 听力时更容易抓住 Yunnan / Lijiang / Yulong Mountain 等关键信息。 听前先看话题:2a 的对话发生在云南丽江。可结合丽江古城、玉龙雪山、蓝月谷、泸沽湖等风光,以及过桥米线、云南鲜花饼、牦牛肉火锅、炸乳扇等美食做背景铺垫,为听 2a 做预热。 (提示:本步为听前激活背景,核心内容见下方 2a–2f,均出自课本 p.3–4。) 听前:丽江风光(课本 p.3 的 2a 背景) (二)听中 2a:选句补全对话 【过渡语】听第一遍抓人物与情节(Peter 去云南 Adam 在家),第二遍据上下文选句补全。 2a Listen to the conversation and choose the correct sentences to complete it.(课本 p.3,2a) Adam: Hi, Peter. How are you? Peter: Hi, Adam. I’m fine, thanks. Adam: How was your holiday? Peter: It was fantastic. Adam: (B. Did you go anywhere interesting?) Peter: Yes, I went to Yunnan with my family. Adam: Wow! That sounds great. (D. Did you go to Lijiang?) Peter: Yes, we stayed in the old town for a few days, and we enjoyed it very much. Adam: Did you visit Yulong Mountain? (E. Everyone says it’s beautiful.) Peter: It is! It just took my breath away. We took a lot of great photos there. Adam: (A. Did you eat anything special?) Peter: Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. What about you? (F. Someone said you went to Beijing.) Adam: No, not this holiday. (C. I did nothing special.) I just stayed at home to read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun. 选项:A. Did you eat anything special? B. Did you go anywhere interesting? C. I did nothing special. D. Did you go to Lijiang? E. Everyone says it’s beautiful. F. Someone said you went to Beijing. 【知识点】 2a 参考答案(课本 p.3):1. B 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. F 6. C。 对话框架:问假期 How was your holiday? 答 It was fantastic;问去向 Did you go anywhere interesting? 答 went to Yunnan with my family;惊叹 It just took my breath away(令人惊叹)。 【提示框】 不定代词辨析:anything 用于疑问/否定句(Did you eat anything special?); something 用于肯定句;nothing 已含否定义,不可与 not 连用( didn’t do nothing)。 2a 选项 F 用 someone(有人),但填空处 C 用 nothing 表“没做特别的事”。 2a 选句补全对话(课本 p.3) (三)听后 2b:完成信息表 【过渡语】对照 2a 对话原文,把 Peter 与 Adam 的“去向 / 活动 / 感受”逐一填入表格。 2b Read the conversation and complete the table.(课本 p.4,2b) 表格:Name | Where did he go / stay? | What did he do? | How did he feel? Peter | Yunnan(stayed in the old town of Lijiang) | visited Yulong Mountain, took a lot of photos, tried Yunnan dishes(steamed chicken soup) | fantastic Adam | at home | read, played games, relaxed | still fun(relaxing and fun) 【知识点】 2b 信息对应(课本 p.4):Peter — Yunnan / stayed in the old town / visited Yulong Mountain, took photos, tried Yunnan dishes / fantastic;Adam — at home / read, played games, relaxed / still fun。 注意 went(go 过去式)与 stayed(stay 过去式)的动词形式。 【提示框】 填表时先锁定问句维度:Where(地点) went to Yunnan / stayed in the old town;What(活动) visited / took / tried;How(感受) fantastic / fun。 old town 指“古城(丽江古城)”,不是普通 town。 (四)听后 2c:概要填空 【过渡语】用 2a 原词回填概要,巩固一般过去时动词与不定代词。 2c Complete the summary of the conversation.(课本 p.4,2c) Peter had a holiday. He went to Yunnan with his . They stayed in the old of Lijiang for a few days and it very much. They Yulong Mountain and took a lot of photos there. They also tried some Yunnan dishes, and they the steamed chicken soup. Adam didn’t do special, but he still had a relaxing and holiday. 【知识点】 2c 参考答案(课本 p.4):1. fantastic 2. family 3. town 4. enjoyed 5. visited 6. tasted 7. anything 8. fun。 要点:enjoyed / visited / tasted 均为动词过去式;anything special 中 special 后置修饰 anything。 (五)听后 2d:角色扮演 【过渡语】同桌分角色朗读并表演 2a 完整对话,注意语音语调与过去时问答。 2d Listen to the conversation again. Then role-play it.(课本 p.4,2d) Adam: Hi, Peter. How are you? Peter: Hi, Adam. I’m fine, thanks. Adam: How was your holiday? Peter: It was fantastic. Adam: Did you go anywhere interesting? Peter: Yes, I went to Yunnan with my family. Adam: Wow! That sounds great. Did you go to Lijiang? Peter: Yes, we stayed in the old town for a few days, and we enjoyed it very much. Adam: Did you visit Yulong Mountain? Everyone says it’s beautiful. Peter: It is! It just took my breath away. We took a lot of great photos there. Adam: Did you eat anything special? Peter: Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. What about you? Someone said you went to Beijing. Adam: No, not this holiday. I did nothing special. I just stayed at home to read, play games, and relax, but it was still fun. 【知识点】 2d 角色扮演要点(课本 p.4):熟练运用 How was your holiday? / Did you go anywhere interesting? / Did you do anything special? 三问;答语用一般过去时(went / stayed / visited / enjoyed / tasted)。 (六)2e:选词描写假期感受 2e Tick the words that describe your last summer holiday experience.(课本 p.4,2e) great amazing excellent fantastic relaxing wonderful OK not too bad boring terrible (勾出符合自己上次暑假体验的词,准备在 2f 中用一般过去时分享。) 【知识点】 2e 描述假期感受的形容词(课本 p.4):正面 great / amazing / excellent / fantastic / relaxing / wonderful;中性或负面 OK / not too bad / boring / terrible。 注意 -ed 与 -ing 形容词:relaxed(感到放松的)/ relaxing(令人放松的)视角不同。 【提示框】 易混:-ed 形容词描述“人的感受”(bored / excited / relaxed);-ing 形容词描述“事物令人…的”(boring / exciting / relaxing)。 2e 选词描写自身体验,用 -ed 更自然(I felt relaxed / bored)。 2e 选词描写假期感受(课本 p.4) (七)2f:分享假期经历 2f Share your summer holiday experience with a partner.(课本 p.4,2f) 框架: A: How was your summer holiday, …? B: It was … A: Did you go anywhere interesting? B: Yes, I … / No, I didn’t. I just A: Really? Did you do anything special? B: Well, … 范例(课本 p.4): Tom: It was wonderful. I went to a mountain village with my family. We went hiking, camped by the stream and tasted fresh local food. Lucy: It was relaxing. I stayed at home most of the time. I learned to make fruit salad and read many storybooks. 2f 分享假期经历(课本 p.4) (八)Language points:enjoy / breath / taste / try 本课四个重点词,例句均出自课本 p.3–4 的 2a 对话: 1. enjoy / n d /【动词】爱;欣赏;享受……的乐趣 2. breath /bre /【名词】呼吸的空气;一口气(take one’s breath away 令人惊叹) 3. taste /te st/ ①【系动词】有……味道(后接形容词)②【实义动词】尝;品尝 ③【名词】味道;滋味 4. try /tra / ①【动词】试;试用(try doing sth)②【动词】试图;努力(try to do sth)③【名词】尝试(have a try) 【知识点】 enjoy(课本 p.3):① enjoy sth 喜欢某事物 — I enjoy the beautiful mountains in Lijiang. ② enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 — He enjoys reading English stories after class. ③ enjoy oneself 玩得开心 — Enjoy yourself during your summer vacation! breath(课本 p.3):take a (deep) breath 深呼吸;catch one’s breath 喘口气;hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸;be out of breath 喘不过气来。例句:It just took my breath away. 简直太令我惊叹了。 taste(课本 p.3/p.4):① 系动词 — The fruit tastes like honey. ② 实义动词 — I want to taste the cake. ③ 名词 — I love the taste of rose cake. 例句:Everything tasted good. try(课本 p.4):① try doing sth 试着做 — She tried camping by the lake. ② try to do sth 尽力做 — We try to climb up Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. ③ have a try 试一试。 【提示框】 形近词:breath /bre / 是名词,breathe /bri / 是动词(th 在词尾发 / /,the 在词中发 / /)。 taste 作系动词后接形容词(Everything tasted good),不接副词;作实义动词后接名词(taste the cake)。 enjoy 后接 doing,不接 to do( enjoy to do)。 (九)随堂检测 单选题 原题题干:选出最佳选项。(巩固练习,对应课本 p.3–4 词汇与句型) 1.—Do you like Kunming? —Yes, I love Kunming, in the summer. A.only B.especially C.except D.even 2.—Are you relaxing here? —Yes. I enjoy walking slowly in the park after dinner. It’s for me. A.cheap B.dangerous C.fantastic D.meaningless 3.Fu Xing didn’t go interesting during the National Day holiday. She just stayed at home to read and relax. A.somewhere B.everywhere C.anywhere D.nowhere (十)随堂检测 完成句子 原题题干:根据中文完成句子。(巩固练习,对应课本 p.3–4 词汇与句型) 1.我们在假期里去了一个美丽的城镇。 We went to a beautiful during the . 2.这个暑假你去什么特别的地方了吗? Did you go this summer vacation? 3.玉龙雪山真是让我惊叹。 Yulong Snow Mountain really . 4.我们非常喜欢汽锅鸡。 We like the a lot. 易错提醒 不定代词辨析:anything 用于疑问/否定句(Did you eat anything special?); something 用于肯定句;nothing 已含否定义,不可与 not 连用( didn’t do nothing)。 2a 选项 F 用 someone(有人),但填空处 C 用 nothing 表“没做特别的事”。 填表时先锁定问句维度:Where(地点) went to Yunnan / stayed in the old town;What(活动) visited / took / tried;How(感受) fantastic / fun。 old town 指“古城(丽江古城)”,不是普通 town。 易混:-ed 形容词描述“人的感受”(bored / excited / relaxed);-ing 形容词描述“事物令人…的”(boring / exciting / relaxing)。 2e 选词描写自身体验,用 -ed 更自然(I felt relaxed / bored)。 形近词:breath /bre / 是名词,breathe /bri / 是动词(th 在词尾发 / /,the 在词中发 / /)。 taste 作系动词后接形容词(Everything tasted good),不接副词;作实义动词后接名词(taste the cake)。 enjoy 后接 doing,不接 to do( enjoy to do)。 答题技巧 参考答案:1. B 2. C 3. C 解析:Q1 especially 表“尤其”,强调夏天特别喜欢昆明 选 B; Q2 前句 enjoy walking 表享受,fantastic 表“极好的”贴合语境 选 C(cheap/dangerous/meaningless 均不符); Q3 否定句用 anything(疑问/否定用 anything,肯定用 something;nowhere 已含否定不与 didn’t 连用) 选 C。 解题步骤:① 读语境定语义场;② 辨词性/搭配(especially 强调;fantastic 褒义;anywhere 用于否定);③ 代入通读验证。 参考答案:1. town; vacation 2. anywhere; special 3. takes/took; my; breath; away 4. steamed; chicken; soup 考点:town 城镇 / vacation 假期(go on vacation 度假);anything special 不定代词+形容词后置; take one’s breath away 令人惊叹(breath 用名词);steamed chicken soup 汽锅鸡。 解题步骤:① 读中文定空格数与词性;② 定位对应表达(town/vacation、anywhere special、takes my breath away、steamed chicken soup);③ 检查时态(描述过去可用 took);④ 通读核对拼写。 语言点归纳 Language points:enjoy / breath / taste / try:enjoy 【动词】① 爱;欣赏;享受……的乐趣 — enjoy sth / enjoy doing sth / enjoy oneself 例句: We enjoyed it very much. 我们非常喜欢那里。/ Enjoy yourself during your summer vacation! 祝你暑假玩得开心! breath 【名词】呼吸的空气;一口气 — take a (deep) breath 深呼吸;catch one’s breath 喘口气;hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸;be out of breath 喘不过气来 例句: It just took my breath away. 简直太令我惊叹了。 taste ①【系动词】有……味道(后接形容词)— The fruit tastes like honey. ②【实义动词】尝;品尝 — I want to taste the cake. ③【名词】味道;滋味 — I love the taste of rose cake. 例句: Everything tasted good. 所有东西都很好吃。 try ①【动词】试;试用(try doing sth)— She tried camping by the lake. ②【动词】试图;努力(try to do sth)— We try to climb up Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. ③【名词】尝试(have a try)— Don’t be shy, just have a try! 例句: They tried some Yunnan dishes. 他们品尝了一些云南菜。 课堂总结 本节围绕“人们如何度假”展开(课本 p.3–4):先以云南丽江为语境做听前预热(课本 p.3 的 2a 背景);在 2a 听中选句补全 Peter 与 Adam 的假期对话,2b 完成信息表、2c 补全概要、2d 角色扮演,逐步内化一般过去时与不定代词;2e 选词描写假期感受、2f 同伴分享经历,实现语言输出;最后归纳 enjoy / breath / taste / try 四个语言点,并通过单选与完成句子巩固。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $