内容正文:
Unit 3 Home and Places(复习讲义)
复习要点
复习Unit 3 Home and Places的词汇、短语、句子及17个常考知识点
复习重难点
重点:方位介词、there be句型
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
一.重点单词
1.* n.(可移动的)家具
2. n.厨灶,炉具
3. linking v.听起来好像让人听着好像n.声音,响声
4. n.物件,物品,事物
5. adj.使人舒服的,舒适的;愉快放松的
6. adv. & prep.在(或向)里面;在(或向)...内n.里面,内部,内侧adj.内部的,里面的
7. n.词典,字典,辞书
8. 紧邻,在...近旁;仅次于,紧接
9. v.需要,必需n.需要,必须modal v.需要
10. adv.(用于否定词组后)也det.& pron.(两者中的)任何一个
11. adv.容易地,轻易地,不费力地
12. adj.在中心的,中央的;最重要的,首要的,主要的
13. n.社区,社会
14. adv.周围,四周;大约prep.围绕,环绕
15. adj.友爱的,友好的;善意的,亲切的,和蔼可亲的
16. adv.幸运地,幸好
17. n.梦想,理想,愿望,梦,睡梦vt.&vi.做梦,梦见;想象,梦想
18. adj.特殊的,特别的不寻常的,不一般的
19. n.景色,风景;看法,意见,见解v.把...视为,以...看待
20. adj.有魔力的,(施)巫术的n.魔法,法术
21. adj.极好的,了不起的
22. prep.与...相对,在...对面adj.对面的,另一边的;相反的,迥然不同的
23. prep.沿着,顺着
24. prep.在另一边,到另一侧adj.过去的,昔日的n.过去,昔日
二、核心短语
1. 客厅
2. 洗衣机
3. 听起来不错
4. 各种各样的
5. 在……近旁
6. 购物商场
7. 社区中心
8. 准备好做某事
9. 看起来凌乱
三、重点句型
1. 我们家有很多家具。There in my house.
2. 我喜欢在客厅看电视。I TV .
3. 这个主意听起来很棒。This idea .
4. 你能帮我把词典拿过来吗?Can you ?
5. 紧挨着学校有一个公园。There is .
6. 他住在一个小公寓里。He in a small .
7. 这个沙发很舒适。This sofa is very .
8. 我们社区有一个购物中心。There is a mall in our .
9. 请准备好明天的会议。Please tomorrow's meeting.
10. 她的房间总是看起来很整洁。Her room always very .
四.核心知识点解析
知识点1:sound
含义:作感官动词,意为“听起来”,后接形容词作表语;也可作名词,意为“声音”。
用法:“sound like + 名词/代词”表示“听起来像……”。
例句:The music beautiful.(这音乐听起来很美。)
That sounds a good plan.(那听起来像个好计划。)
拓展:常见感官动词还有look(看起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste(尝起来)、feel(摸起来)。
知识点2:comfortable
含义:形容词,意为“舒适的”,反义词为uncomfortable(不舒适的)。
用法:可作表语或定语,比较级为more comfortable,最高级为most comfortable。
例句:This chair is very .(这把椅子很舒适。)
We need a more sofa for the room.(我们客厅需要一个更舒适的沙发。)
知识点3:need
含义:作实义动词时,意为“需要”,有人称、数和时态的变化;作情态动词时,意为“需要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于否定句和疑问句。
用法:
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs every day.
=The floor needs be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
知识点4:friendly
含义:形容词,意为“友好的”,反义词为unfriendly(不友好的)。
用法:常用搭配“be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)”“be friendly with sb.(与某人关系好)”。
例句:Our neighbors are to us.(我们的邻居对我们很友好。)
He is with his classmates.(他和同学们关系很好。)
知识点5:opposite
含义:作介词时,意为“在……对面”;作形容词时,意为“相反的”;作名词时,意为“对立面”。
用法:“opposite + 地点”表示“在……对面”,相当于“across from”。
例句:The bank is the supermarket.(银行在超市对面。)
Her opinion is to mine.(她的观点和我的相反。)
知识点6:along
含义:作介词时,意为“沿着”;作副词时,意为“向前”。
用法:“go/walk along + 道路”表示“沿着……走”,相当于“go/walk down”。
例句:Walk this street and you’ll see the park.(沿着这条街走,你会看到公园。)
We drove slowly.(我们慢慢地往前开。)
知识点7:luck的用法
用法分析 luck n.“运气”。 good luck祝好运,用于祝福某人。
祝你好运。Good to you.
小提示 good luck with sth.表示“祝某事成功/顺利”,“祝福某人成功/走运”用“ good luck to sb.”。
考点拓展“运气”不同。
(1)lucky形容词,意为“幸运的”,反义词 unlucky不幸的,既可以做表语,也可以做定语。
Western people think thirteen is an number.西方人认为十三是个不幸运的数字。
(2)luckily副词,幸运地,反义词 unluckily不幸地,通常放在句首,表示感慨或遗憾。
,no one was hurt in this accident.幸运的是,没有人在这场事故中受伤。
(3)luck名词,运气, good luck好运,用于祝福某人。bad luck真倒霉,指运气不佳。
温馨提示 常用祝福语:Have fun!/ Have a good time!玩得开心点!/ Have a good dream!做个好梦!/Have a nice day!祝你度过美好的一天!/Best wishes.最美好的祝愿、祝福(给你)
知识点8:something, anything,nothing和everything
something
意为“某事;某物”,通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示请求、邀请或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中
anything
意为“任何东西;任何事物”,通常用在否定句或疑问句中,还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示“随便哪个东西;随便什么事物”
nothing
意为“没有什么;没有一件东西”,同not anything
everything
意为“所有事物;一切”
I want to eat. 我想吃点东西。
—Would you like to eat?——你想吃点东西吗?—Yes, please. ——是的,我想要。
I can’t find . 我什么东西都没有找到。
Is there in your room?你房间里有东西吗?
You can taste here. 你可以品尝这里的任何一样东西。
There’s in the room. 房间里什么东西都没有。
is fine. 一切都很好。
知识点9:and,but,or,so
and
和;并且,而且
前后句是并列或递进关系
but
但是;然而
前后句是转折关系
or
或者,否则
表示选择关系或表示条件
so
因此;所以
表示因果关系
He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球,并且踢得很好。
I like thrillers, i don't like comedies.我喜欢恐怖片,但不喜欢喜剧片。
Now you can have a rest you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息,或者去看电影。
You should put on more clothes, you will catch a cold.你应该多穿点衣服,否则会感冒的。
He is ill in bed, he can't go to school today.他卧病在床,因此今天不能去上学了。
注意but与 although不能同时使用,so与 because不能同时使用。
知识点10:辨析have,there be
have
表示“拥有”,强调一种所属关系,即某人有某物。
I a new bike.我有一辆新自行车。
there be
强调的是一种空间上的存在关系,即“某地有某人/物”
a desk in the yard.院子里有一张桌子。
知识点11:辨析home, house,family
(1)home“家”,指一个人出生和居住的地方,强调人们所生长的环境。
Let' s home.咱们回家吧。
I think Jim is home.我想吉姆在家。
(2)house指居住的建筑物,意为“家,房子”。
There is a big tree in front of he small .那所小房子前面有一棵大树。
My is on the hill.我的家在小山上
(3)family做“家,家庭”时,是指由父母和子女组成的集合体,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;做“家人”讲时,指父母和子女每个成员,谓语动词用复数。
His family very big.他家是个大家庭。
My family all music lovers.我的家人都是音乐爱好者。
知识点12:all kinds of
含义:各种各样的,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
例句:There are books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。)
知识点13:next to
含义:紧挨着,靠近,相当于“beside”。
例句:My seat is the window.(我的座位紧挨着窗户。)
知识点14:What is your home like?
含义:你的家是什么样的?
用法:用于询问对方家的整体情况,可从大小、环境、布局等方面回答。
例句:— ?—It’s a big house with a garden.(—你的家是什么样的?—它是一座带花园的大房子。)
知识点15:There is also a living room with a big window and a great view.
含义:还有一个客厅,有一扇大窗户和美丽的景色。
用法:“There be + 主语 + with + 名词”表示“有……带有……”,“with”引导的短语作后置定语,修饰主语。
例句:There a girl long hair in the photo.(照片里有一个长头发的女孩。)
知识点16:Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the post office, please?
含义:打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?
用法:这是问路的常用句型,“how to get to + 地点”表示“如何到达……”。
答语:常用“Go along.../Turn left/right at...”等表达路线。
例句:—Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the park?— this road and turn right at the first crossing.(—打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么去公园吗?—沿着这条路走,在第一个十字路口右转。)
知识点17:It is+adj.(for sb.)+to do sth.的用法
用法分析“It is+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词(如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等)。
It is easy me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。
for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。
考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等)时,用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。
It's very kind you to help me.你能帮我真好。
单元语法:动词不定式
there be句型
一.there be结构的一般现在时的基本句型
there be结构表示"(某地)有……",其一般现在时的基本句型为:
There a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
There is a book on the desk.桌子上没有书。
— there a book on the desk? 桌子上有一本书吗?—Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.是的,有。/不,没有。
二. there be结构的主谓一致
(1)在there be结构中,如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。
There a man under the tree.树下有一个人。
There some water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
(2)如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数,be动词用are。
There many trees in the park.公园里有很多树。
(3)在有并列主语的情况下,be动词的数要由离它最近的主语决定,即遵循"就近原则"。
There a book, a bag and three pencils on the desk.桌子上有一本书,一个包和三支铅笔。
There two girls and a dog in the room.房间里有两个女孩和一只狗。
三. there be 结构与have的区别
there be结构通常表示"某地有某物或某人",强调的是一种客观存在;have表示"某人拥有某物或某人",与主语为所属关系。
There two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
He two daughters. 他有两个女儿。
方位介词
方位介词
用法
例句
at
We stayed at a hotel yesterday.昨天我们待在一个旅店。
in
I live in Shanghai and my parents live in Beijing.我住在上海,我父母住在北京。
on
There are some storybooks on the desk.桌子上有一些故事书。
above
We are flying above the clouds.我们正在云层上方飞行。
below
Please do not write below this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
over
They held a large umbrella over her. 他们给她撑起一把大伞。
under
She placed the ladder under the window.她把梯子立在窗户下面。
behind
Who sits behind you?谁坐在你的后面?
in front of
There are many big trees in front of my house.我家房子前有许多大树。
inside
Go inside the house. 进屋里吧。
outside
My father is washing his car outside our house. 我爸爸正在我们家屋外洗他的车。
next to
Please stand next to your friend.请站在你的朋友旁边。
across from
Our school is across from a bank. 我们的学校在一个银行的对面。
between
I sat down between Jo and Diana.我在乔和黛安娜中间坐下。
图示记忆
一.重点单词
1. My grandparents live in a small village with fresh air, which is a typical __________ (乡村的) area.
2. We are looking for a new __________ (住处) near the school because my father changed his job.
3. You can find a sink, a stove and some cabinets in the __________ (厨房).
4. Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave the __________ (浴室) after taking a shower.
5. I keep all my storybooks and textbooks in the __________ (书架) beside my desk.
6. The __________ (起居室) is the biggest room in our house, where we have family gatherings.
7. There is a new __________ (社区) center built near our neighborhood, offering many activities.
8. My uncle works in the __________ (医院) downtown, and he often helps sick people.
9. You need to go to the __________ (邮局) if you want to send this letter to your pen pal.
10. The __________ (图书馆) near our school has hundreds of picture books for children.
11. We plan to rent a two-bedroom __________ (公寓) when we move to the city.
12. There are many tall buildings and busy streets in an __________ (城市的) area.
13. People usually put vegetables and drinks in the __________ (冰箱) to keep them fresh.
14. My mother uses the electric __________ (炊具) to cook meals for our family every day.
15. The __________ (街区) where I live is very safe and all neighbors are friendly.
二.短语填空
1. I live in a small apartment (和我的家人),and we are very happy.
2. The kitchen is (我妈妈做饭的地方) for our family.
3. (图书馆在哪里)?I want to borrow some storybooks.
4. The hospital is not far from here. (我们十分钟能走到那里).
5. Our living room (又大又亮), and we often watch TV there.
6. __________ (有一个小湖) near my house, and many ducks swim in it.
7. I love to (和朋友们在公园里度过周末) every week.
8. The post office (紧挨着学校), so you can find it easily.
9. (你的卧室里有什么)?There is a bed and a desk.
10. We (可以租一个两居室公寓) if we have more family members.
三.句型填空
1. There are some books on the shelf. (改为一般疑问句)
__________ there __________ books on the shelf?
2. The library is near the school. (对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ the library?
3. My family lives in a big house. (改为否定句)
My family __________ __________ in a big house.
4. I often read books in the study. (对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ you often read books?
5. The living room is warm and cozy. (改为感叹句)
__________ __________ warm and cozy living room it is!
6. We can walk to the park. (改为同义句)
We can go to the park __________ __________.
7. There is a washing machine in the bathroom. (改为复数句)
There __________ some washing __________ in the bathroom.
8. My mother cooks delicious food in the kitchen. (用now改写句子)
My mother __________ __________ delicious food in the kitchen now.
9. The post office is across from the restaurant. (改为同义句)
The post office is __________ the restaurant.
10. I have my own bedroom. (改为同义句)
I have a bedroom __________ __________.
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Unit 3 Home and Places(复习讲义)
复习要点
复习Unit 3 Home and Places的词汇、短语、句子及17个常考知识点
复习重难点
重点:方位介词、there be句型
单元考点:单词、短语、句型
一.重点单词
1.*furniture n.(可移动的)家具
2.cooker n.厨灶,炉具
3.sound linking v.听起来好像让人听着好像n.声音,响声
4.thing n.物件,物品,事物
5.comfortable adj.使人舒服的,舒适的;愉快放松的
6.inside adv. & prep.在(或向)里面;在(或向)...内n.里面,内部,内侧adj.内部的,里面的
7.dictionary n.词典,字典,辞书
8.next to 紧邻,在...近旁;仅次于,紧接
9.need v.需要,必需n.需要,必须modal v.需要
10.either adv.(用于否定词组后)也det.& pron.(两者中的)任何一个
11.easily adv.容易地,轻易地,不费力地
12.central adj.在中心的,中央的;最重要的,首要的,主要的
13.community n.社区,社会
14.around adv.周围,四周;大约prep.围绕,环绕
15.friendly adj.友爱的,友好的;善意的,亲切的,和蔼可亲的
16.luckily adv.幸运地,幸好
17.dream n.梦想,理想,愿望,梦,睡梦vt.&vi.做梦,梦见;想象,梦想
18.special adj.特殊的,特别的不寻常的,不一般的
19.view n.景色,风景;看法,意见,见解v.把...视为,以...看待
20.magic adj.有魔力的,(施)巫术的n.魔法,法术
21.fantastic adj.极好的,了不起的
22.opposite prep.与...相对,在...对面adj.对面的,另一边的;相反的,迥然不同的
23.along prep.沿着,顺着
24.past prep.在另一边,到另一侧adj.过去的,昔日的n.过去,昔日
二、核心短语
1. 客厅 living room
2. 洗衣机 washing machine
3. 听起来不错 sound good
4. 各种各样的 all kinds of
5. 在……近旁 next to
6. 购物商场 shopping mall
7. 社区中心 community center
8. 准备好做某事 be ready to do sth.
9. 看起来凌乱 look messy
三、重点句型
1. 我们家有很多家具。There is a lot of furniture in my house.
2. 我喜欢在客厅看电视。I like watching TV in the living room .
3. 这个主意听起来很棒。This idea sounds great.
4. 你能帮我把词典拿过来吗?Can you bring me the dictionary ?
5. 紧挨着学校有一个公园。There is a park next to the school.
6. 他住在一个小公寓里。He lives in a small flat .
7. 这个沙发很舒适。This sofa is very comfortable .
8. 我们社区有一个购物中心。There is a mall in our community .
9. 请准备好明天的会议。Please be ready for tomorrow's meeting.
10. 她的房间总是看起来很整洁。Her room always looks very tidy.
四.核心知识点解析
知识点1:sound
含义:作感官动词,意为“听起来”,后接形容词作表语;也可作名词,意为“声音”。
用法:“sound like + 名词/代词”表示“听起来像……”。
例句:The music sounds beautiful.(这音乐听起来很美。)
That sounds like a good plan.(那听起来像个好计划。)
拓展:常见感官动词还有look(看起来)、smell(闻起来)、taste(尝起来)、feel(摸起来)。
知识点2:comfortable
含义:形容词,意为“舒适的”,反义词为uncomfortable(不舒适的)。
用法:可作表语或定语,比较级为more comfortable,最高级为most comfortable。
例句:This chair is very comfortable.(这把椅子很舒适。)We need a more
comfortable sofa for the living room.(我们客厅需要一个更舒适的沙发。)
知识点3:need
含义:作实义动词时,意为“需要”,有人称、数和时态的变化;作情态动词时,意为“需要”,无人称和数的变化,多用于否定句和疑问句。
用法:
need需要
实义动词
人做主语,后接名词或动词不定式
物做主语,后接动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动式
情态动词
后接动词原形,无人称、数、时态变化,用于疑问句/否定句/条件句
We need to work harder.我们需要更加努力地工作。
The floor needs sweeping every day.
=The floor needs to be swept every day.这地板需要每天打扫。
You needn’t do it at once.你不必马上就做。
中考特殊考点 needn’t 可以对must开头的一般疑问句进行否定回答。
知识点4:friendly
含义:形容词,意为“友好的”,反义词为unfriendly(不友好的)。
用法:常用搭配“be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)”“be friendly with sb.(与某人关系好)”。
例句:Our neighbors are friendly to us.(我们的邻居对我们很友好。)
He is friendly with his classmates.(他和同学们关系很好。)
知识点5:opposite
含义:作介词时,意为“在……对面”;作形容词时,意为“相反的”;作名词时,意为“对立面”。
用法:“opposite + 地点”表示“在……对面”,相当于“across from”。
例句:The bank is opposite the supermarket.(银行在超市对面。)
Her opinion is opposite to mine.(她的观点和我的相反。)
知识点6:along
含义:作介词时,意为“沿着”;作副词时,意为“向前”。
用法:“go/walk along + 道路”表示“沿着……走”,相当于“go/walk down”。
例句:Walk along this street and you’ll see the park.(沿着这条街走,你会看到公园。)
We drove along slowly.(我们慢慢地往前开。)
知识点7:luck的用法
用法分析 luck n.“运气”。 good luck祝好运,用于祝福某人。
祝你好运。Good luck to you.
小提示 good luck with sth.表示“祝某事成功/顺利”,“祝福某人成功/走运”用“ good luck to sb.”。
考点拓展“运气”不同。
(1)lucky形容词,意为“幸运的”,反义词 unlucky不幸的,既可以做表语,也可以做定语。
Western people think thirteen is an unlucky number.西方人认为十三是个不幸运的数字。
(2)luckily副词,幸运地,反义词 unluckily不幸地,通常放在句首,表示感慨或遗憾。
Luckily,no one was hurt in this accident.幸运的是,没有人在这场事故中受伤。
(3)luck名词,运气, good luck好运,用于祝福某人。bad luck真倒霉,指运气不佳。
温馨提示 常用祝福语:Have fun!/ Have a good time!玩得开心点!/ Have a good dream!做个好梦!/Have a nice day!祝你度过美好的一天!/Best wishes.最美好的祝愿、祝福(给你)
知识点8:something, anything,nothing和everything
something
意为“某事;某物”,通常用在肯定句中,还可以用在表示请求、邀请或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中
anything
意为“任何东西;任何事物”,通常用在否定句或疑问句中,还可以用在肯定句中,此时表示“随便哪个东西;随便什么事物”
nothing
意为“没有什么;没有一件东西”,同not anything
everything
意为“所有事物;一切”
I want something to eat. 我想吃点东西。
—Would you like something to eat?——你想吃点东西吗?—Yes, please. ——是的,我想要。
I can’t find anything. 我什么东西都没有找到。
Is there anything in your room?你房间里有东西吗?
You can taste anything here. 你可以品尝这里的任何一样东西。
There’s nothing in the room. 房间里什么东西都没有。
Everything is fine. 一切都很好。
知识点9:and,but,or,so
and
和;并且,而且
前后句是并列或递进关系
but
但是;然而
前后句是转折关系
or
或者,否则
表示选择关系或表示条件
so
因此;所以
表示因果关系
He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球,并且踢得很好。
I like thrillers, but i don't like comedies.我喜欢恐怖片,但不喜欢喜剧片。
Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息,或者去看电影。
You should put on more clothes, or you will catch a cold.你应该多穿点衣服,否则会感冒的。
He is ill in bed, so he can't go to school today.他卧病在床,因此今天不能去上学了。
注意but与 although不能同时使用,so与 because不能同时使用。
知识点10:辨析have,there be
have
表示“拥有”,强调一种所属关系,即某人有某物。
I have a new bike.我有一辆新自行车。
there be
强调的是一种空间上的存在关系,即“某地有某人/物”
There is a desk in the yard.院子里有一张桌子。
知识点11:辨析home, house,family
(1)home“家”,指一个人出生和居住的地方,强调人们所生长的环境。
Let' s go home.咱们回家吧。
I think Jim is at home.我想吉姆在家。
(2)house指居住的建筑物,意为“家,房子”。
There is a big tree in front of he small house.那所小房子前面有一棵大树。
My house is on the hill.我的家在小山上
(3)family做“家,家庭”时,是指由父母和子女组成的集合体,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;做“家人”讲时,指父母和子女每个成员,谓语动词用复数。
His family is very big.他家是个大家庭。
My family are all music lovers.我的家人都是音乐爱好者。
知识点12:all kinds of
含义:各种各样的,后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
例句:There are all kinds of books in the library.(图书馆里有各种各样的书。)
知识点13:next to
含义:紧挨着,靠近,相当于“beside”。
例句:My seat is next to the window.(我的座位紧挨着窗户。)
知识点14:What is your home like?
含义:你的家是什么样的?
用法:用于询问对方家的整体情况,可从大小、环境、布局等方面回答。
例句:—What is your home like?—It’s a big house with a garden.(—你的家是什么样的?—它是一座带花园的大房子。)
知识点15:There is also a living room with a big window and a great view.
含义:还有一个客厅,有一扇大窗户和美丽的景色。
用法:“There be + 主语 + with + 名词”表示“有……带有……”,“with”引导的短语作后置定语,修饰主语。
例句:There is a girl with long hair in the photo.(照片里有一个长头发的女孩。)
知识点16:Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the post office, please?
含义:打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗?
用法:这是问路的常用句型,“how to get to + 地点”表示“如何到达……”。
答语:常用“Go along.../Turn left/right at...”等表达路线。
例句:—Excuse me, can you tell me how to get to the park?—Go along this road and turn right at the first crossing.(—打扰一下,你能告诉我怎么去公园吗?—沿着这条路走,在第一个十字路口右转。)
知识点17:It is+adj.(for sb.)+to do sth.的用法
用法分析“It is+adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词(如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等)。
It is easy for me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。
It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。
考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等)时,用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。
It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
单元语法:动词不定式
there be句型
一.there be结构的一般现在时的基本句型
there be结构表示"(某地)有……",其一般现在时的基本句型为:
There is a book on the desk.桌子上有一本书。
There is not a book on the desk.桌子上没有书。
—Is there a book on the desk? 桌子上有一本书吗?—Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.是的,有。/不,没有。
二. there be结构的主谓一致
(1)在there be结构中,如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词,be动词用is。
There is a man under the tree.树下有一个人。
There is some water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
(2)如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数,be动词用are。
There are many trees in the park.公园里有很多树。
(3)在有并列主语的情况下,be动词的数要由离它最近的主语决定,即遵循"就近原则"。
There is a book, a bag and three pencils on the desk.桌子上有一本书,一个包和三支铅笔。
There are two girls and a dog in the room.房间里有两个女孩和一只狗。
三. there be 结构与have的区别
there be结构通常表示"某地有某物或某人",强调的是一种客观存在;have表示"某人拥有某物或某人",与主语为所属关系。
There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
He has two daughters. 他有两个女儿。
方位介词
方位介词
用法
例句
at
"在……处",常用于较小的地点
We stayed at a hotel yesterday.昨天我们待在一个旅店。
in
"在……处",常用于较大的地点或表示一个范围
I live in Shanghai and my parents live in Beijing.我住在上海,我父母住在北京。
on
"在……上",表示在某一平面上,
且两者接触
There are some storybooks on the desk.桌子上有一些故事书。
above
"在……上方",表示高于某物
We are flying above the clouds.我们正在云层上方飞行。
below
"在……下方",表示低于某物
Please do not write below this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
over
"在……上方",表示在某物垂直的正上方,且两者之间不接触
They held a large umbrella over her. 他们给她撑起一把大伞。
under
"在……下方",表示在某物垂直的正下方,且两者之间不接触
She placed the ladder under the window.她把梯子立在窗户下面。
behind
"在……的后面"
Who sits behind you?谁坐在你的后面?
in front of
"在……(外部)前面",注意与in the front of的区别,后者指"在某物内部的前面"
There are many big trees in front of my house.我家房子前有许多大树。
inside
"在……里面"
Go inside the house. 进屋里吧。
outside
"在……外面"
My father is washing his car outside our house. 我爸爸正在我们家屋外洗他的车。
next to
"在……旁边",与by、 near、beside 同义
Please stand next to your friend.请站在你的朋友旁边。
across from
"在……对面",与opposite同义
Our school is across from a bank. 我们的学校在一个银行的对面。
between
"在……(两者)中间"
I sat down between Jo and Diana.我在乔和黛安娜中间坐下。
图示记忆
一.重点单词
1. My grandparents live in a small village with fresh air, which is a typical __________ (乡村的) area.
2. We are looking for a new __________ (住处) near the school because my father changed his job.
3. You can find a sink, a stove and some cabinets in the __________ (厨房).
4. Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave the __________ (浴室) after taking a shower.
5. I keep all my storybooks and textbooks in the __________ (书架) beside my desk.
6. The __________ (起居室) is the biggest room in our house, where we have family gatherings.
7. There is a new __________ (社区) center built near our neighborhood, offering many activities.
8. My uncle works in the __________ (医院) downtown, and he often helps sick people.
9. You need to go to the __________ (邮局) if you want to send this letter to your pen pal.
10. The __________ (图书馆) near our school has hundreds of picture books for children.
11. We plan to rent a two-bedroom __________ (公寓) when we move to the city.
12. There are many tall buildings and busy streets in an __________ (城市的) area.
13. People usually put vegetables and drinks in the __________ (冰箱) to keep them fresh.
14. My mother uses the electric __________ (炊具) to cook meals for our family every day.
15. The __________ (街区) where I live is very safe and all neighbors are friendly.
【答案】1. rural 2. residence 3. kitchen 4. bathroom 5. bookcase 6. living room 7. community 8. hospital 9. post office 10. library 11. apartment 12. urban 13. fridge 14. cooker 15. neighborhood
二.短语填空
1. I live in a small apartment (和我的家人),and we are very happy.
2. The kitchen is (我妈妈做饭的地方) for our family.
3. (图书馆在哪里)?I want to borrow some storybooks.
4. The hospital is not far from here. (我们十分钟能走到那里).
5. Our living room (又大又亮), and we often watch TV there.
6. __________ (有一个小湖) near my house, and many ducks swim in it.
7. I love to (和朋友们在公园里度过周末) every week.
8. The post office (紧挨着学校), so you can find it easily.
9. (你的卧室里有什么)?There is a bed and a desk.
10. We (可以租一个两居室公寓) if we have more family members.
【答案】1. with my family 2. where my mom cooks meals 3. Where is the library 4. We can walk there in ten minutes 5. is big and bright 6. There is a small lake 7. spend weekends in the park with my friends 8. is next to the school 9. What is in your bedroom 10. can rent a two-bedroom flat
三.句型填空
1. There are some books on the shelf. (改为一般疑问句)
__________ there __________ books on the shelf?
2. The library is near the school. (对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ the library?
3. My family lives in a big house. (改为否定句)
My family __________ __________ in a big house.
4. I often read books in the study. (对画线部分提问)
__________ __________ you often read books?
5. The living room is warm and cozy. (改为感叹句)
__________ __________ warm and cozy living room it is!
6. We can walk to the park. (改为同义句)
We can go to the park __________ __________.
7. There is a washing machine in the bathroom. (改为复数句)
There __________ some washing __________ in the bathroom.
8. My mother cooks delicious food in the kitchen. (用now改写句子)
My mother __________ __________ delicious food in the kitchen now.
9. The post office is across from the restaurant. (改为同义句)
The post office is __________ the restaurant.
10. I have my own bedroom. (改为同义句)
I have a bedroom __________ __________.
【答案】1. Are; any 2. Where is 3. doesn't live 4. Where do 5. What a 6. on foot 7. are; machines 8. is cooking 9. opposite 10. of my own
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