Unit 4 Our Memory 短文填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自我——记忆”主题，通过基础巩固与拔高攻坚两级训练，系统提升短文填空解题能力，融合语言理解与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|4篇|含首字母提示补全短文（如Passage1）和汉语注释写单词（如Passage2），考查基础词汇与语境应用|从记忆现象（Passage2）到提升技巧（Passage3-4），构建“现象认知-方法学习”逻辑链| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|6篇|首字母填空（如Passage4）与汉语注释写单词（如Passage2）结合，引入复杂语境（如工作记忆、记忆与自我认知）|深化记忆原理（Passage3）、跨情境应用（Passage5-6），形成“基础应用-综合拓展”递进结构|

Unit 4 Our Memory 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与自我——记忆） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读短文，并根据首字母提示补全短文，每空一词。 Some people have a very good memory(记忆) and can easily learn quite long poems(诗) by heart. O 1 have poor memory and can only remember things when they have said again and a 2 . The famous English writer, Charles Dickens, said that he could walk down any long street in London and then tell you the n 3 of every shop on both sides of the street. Many great men of the world have a w 4 memory. A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his own language by r 5 what he hears when he is a small child. Some children live with their parents in foreign countries and they seem to l 6 two languages as easily as one. In school it is not so e 7 to learn a foreign language because students have little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects too. A man’s mind is quite like a camera, but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we f 8 , hear, smell and taste. When we take real photos with cameras, there is much to do before the photo is finished and ready to s 9 to our friends. In the s 10 way there is much work to be done before we can keep a picture forever in our mind. Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us. 【答案】 1．(O)thers 2．(a)gain 3．(n)ame 4．(w)onderful 5．(r)emembering 6．(l)earn 7．(e)asy 8．(f)eel 9．(s)how 10．(s)ame 【分析】这篇短文给我们讲述了学习与记忆力有很大的关系，并详细的介绍了人类学习语言的过程，告诉我们记忆力是可以通过锻炼来提高的。 【详解】 1．句意：另一些人记忆力很差，只能记住他们说了一遍又一遍的话。根据“Some people”及首字母可知，此处介绍其他人的想法，空格后无名词，用不定代词others“其他的人”作主语，故填(O)thers。 2．句意：另一些人记忆力很差，只能记住他们说了一遍又一遍的话。根据“when they have said again and”及首字母可知，记忆力差的人只能记住被说了一遍又一遍的话，again and again“反复地”，故填(a)gain。 3．句意：告诉你这条街两边所有商店的名字。根据“said that he could walk down any long street in London”可知，对这个街很熟悉，可以说出商店的名字，根据“every shop”可知，此空应填名词的单数形式，故填(n)ame。 4．句意：世界上许多伟人都有惊人的记忆力。前文举例了著名的作家有惊人的记忆力，结合首字母w，此空应填wonderful表示“极好的”，故填(w)onderful。 5．句意：每个人都是通过记住他小时候听到的东西来学习自己的语言的。根据“what he hears when he is a small child”及首字母可知，通过记住小时候听到的东西来学习语言，介词by后接动名词，故填(r)emembering。 6．句意：有些孩子和父母住在国外，他们学习两种语言似乎和一种一样容易。根据“two languages as easily as one”及首字母可知，此处指学习语言，seem to do sth“似乎做某事”，故填(l)earn。 7．句意：在学校学习一门外语不是那么容易，因为学生几乎没有时间。根据“because students have little time for it”可知，因为学生没时间，所以学习外语不容易，故填(e)asy。 8．句意：但它不仅拍下了我们所看到的，也拍下了我们的感受。根据“not only of what we see but also of what we”可知，拍下了我们的所见所感，句子是一般现在时，主语we是复数形式，动词用原形，故填(f)eel。 9．句意：在照片完成并准备展示给我们的朋友之前，还有很多事情要做。根据“before the photo is finished and ready to … to our friends”及首字母可知，准备好照片展示给朋友看，be ready to do sth“准备做某事”，故填(s)how。 10．句意：同样地，在我们能够将一幅画永远留在我们的脑海中之前，有许多工作要做。根据“In the… way”及首字母可知，此处用in the same way表示“同样地”，故填(s)ame。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 Memory is a fascinating and complex 1 (现象). Scientists have been studying it for 2 (几十年), yet many 3 (方面) remain mysterious. One of the most interesting areas is how memories are 4 (影响) by emotions. When we experience strong emotions, the brain releases chemicals that 5 (强化) the memory. Another important finding is that memory is not a 6 (完美的) recording of the past. It is a 7 (重构) of events, influenced by our beliefs and 8 (期望). This means that two people can 9 (记得) the same event very differently. Understanding this can help us be more 10 (宽容) of others’ perspectives. 【答案】 1．phenomenon 2．decades 3．aspects 4．influenced 5．strengthen 6．perfect 7．reconstruction 8．expectations 9．remember 10．tolerant 【导语】本文介绍记忆是奇妙又复杂的现象，科学家研究数十年仍有诸多谜团。文章阐述情绪会影响记忆，同时说明记忆并非对过往的完美录制，而是事件的重构。理解这一点能让我们更加包容他人不同的看法。 【详解】 1．句意：记忆是一种迷人而复杂的现象。不定冠词a后面接单数名词，phenomenon表示“现象”。 2．句意：科学家已经研究它几十年了。decade表示“十年”，for decades为固定表达，意为“几十年”。 3．句意：然而很多方面仍然是神秘的。many后接可数名词复数；aspect表示“方面”，复数形式aspects。 4．句意：最有趣的领域之一就是记忆如何受到情绪影响。本句为被动语态，结构“be+过去分词”；influence过去分词是influenced。 5．句意：当我们经历强烈情绪时，大脑释放化学物质来强化记忆。先行词chemicals为复数，一般现在时，谓语动词用原形strengthen“强化”。 6．句意：另一项重要发现是，记忆并不是对过去完美的录制。空格修饰名词recording，需要形容词；perfect意为“完美的”。 7．句意：它是对事件的重构，受到我们信念与期望的影响。不定冠词a后接单数名词；reconstruction表示“重构”。 8．句意：它是对事件的重构，受到我们信念与期望的影响。and连接并列名词，expectation使用复数expectations“期望”。 9．句意：这意味着两个人对同一件事情的记忆可能大相径庭。情态动词can后面接动词原形；remember表示“记得”。 10．句意：明白这一点可以帮助我们更加包容他人的观点。固定搭配be tolerant of，意为“包容……”。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 Do you want to improve your memory? If so, it’s 1 (必要) to know how memory works. There are two 2 (基本) types: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory helps you keep things in mind for a short 3 (一段时间). Long-term memory lets you remember information like the password to your online bank 4 (账户) for days, years or even forever. The key is to move what you learn into long-term memory, and you can do this with smart memory 5 (技巧) and a healthy lifestyle. First, focus carefully and take notes of key points. It's always easier to remember a summary than a long 6 (段落). Second, review what you've learnt often. Study for 40 minutes and then take a 7 (休息). You can also 8 (讨论) or teach the knowledge to others. Third, use your senses. You can create 9 (图像) like mind maps or listen to recorded information. Finally, sleeping well, eating healthily and exercising often can also 10 (促进) your memory. Try different methods to find what works for you. 【答案】 1．necessary 2．basic 3．period 4．account 5．skills 6．paragraph 7．break 8．discuss 9．images 10．improve 【导语】本文介绍短期记忆、长期记忆两类记忆类型，分享多种提升记忆力的实用方法，科普记忆运作相关知识。 【详解】 1．句意：如果想提升记忆力，了解记忆的运作原理是很有必要的。固定句型it is+形容词+to do，“必要”对应形容词necessary。 2．句意：有两种基本的记忆类型：短期记忆和长期记忆。修饰名词types需用形容词，“基本”对应的形容词basic。 3．句意：短期记忆可以让你在短时间内记住事物。前有不定冠词a，说明此处用单数名词， “一段时间”对应period。 4．句意：长期记忆能让你在数天、数年甚至永久记住网银账户密码这类信息。“账户”对应单数名词account，此处指你的线上账户，用单数即可。 5．句意：你可以借助巧妙的记忆技巧和健康的生活方式完成记忆转化。“技巧”对应skill，为可数名词；根据语境，此处表泛指需用复数形式skills。 6．句意：相比一长段段落，记住摘要总会更加容易。前面有不定冠词a，说明此处用单数名词，“段落”对应paragraph。 7．句意：学习四十分钟之后就休息一会。“休息”对应break，固定搭配take a break表示“休息一下”。 8．句意：你也可以和他人讨论知识或是把知识讲授给别人。情态动词can后接动词原形，“讨论”对应discuss。 9．句意：你可以制作思维导图这类图像，或收听录制好的资料。后文列举多个图像例子，用复数形式，“图像”对应image，复数形式为images。 10．句意：充足睡眠、健康饮食、日常锻炼同样可以促进记忆力发展。情态动词can后接动词原形，“促进、改善”对应improve。 Passage 4 Memory is a precious ability that helps us hold onto happy moments and important knowledge. But some people struggle to m 1 things easily. Here are some useful tips to i 2 your memory. First, get enough sleep. When you sleep, your brain organizes the information you received during the day, so a good night’s sleep can make your memory s 3 . Second, do more brain exercises, like playing chess or solving logic puzzles. These activities can t 4 your brain to work more efficiently. Third, pay a 5 to what you want to remember. If you don’t focus, it’s hard for your brain to s 6 the information properly. Another tip is to connect new things with something you already know. For e 7 , if you want to remember a new word, you can link it to a familiar picture or story. Also, r 8 things regularly is necessary—review the information every few days to keep it in your long-term memory. Don’t w 9 if you forget something sometimes; it’s totally normal. Just keep practicing these tips, and you will find your memory becomes b 10 day by day. 【答案】 1．memorize/emorize 2．improve/mprove 3．sharp/harp 4．train/rain 5．attention/ttention 6．store/tore 7．example/xample 8．reviewing/eviewing 9．worry/orry 10．better/etter 【导语】本文介绍了多种提升记忆力的实用技巧，并说明偶尔遗忘事物是正常现象。 【详解】 1．句意：记忆力是一项宝贵的能力，帮我们留住欢乐时光与重要知识，但有些人很难轻松记住事物。根据“But some people struggle to...things easily. ”及结合首字母m，struggle to后接动词原形，memorize表示“记住、熟记”，符合语境。故填memorize。 2．句意：下面有一些实用的小建议来改善你的记忆力。根据“Here are some useful tips to...your memory.”及结合首字母i，tips to后接动词原形，improve意为“改善、提高”，符合语境。故填improve。 3．句意：睡觉时大脑会整理白天接收的信息，所以优质睡眠能让你的记忆力变得敏锐。根据“so a good night’s sleep can make your memory”及结合首字母s，“make sth.+ 形容词”是常用搭配，sharp表示“敏锐的”，用来形容记忆力。故填sharp。 4．句意：这类活动可以训练大脑更高效地运转。根据“These activities can...your brain to work more efficiently.”及结合首字母t，情态动词can后接动词原形，train意为“训练”，符合语境。故填train。 5．句意：第三，把注意力放在你想要记住的内容上。根据“pay...to what you want to remember.”及结合首字母a，此处是常用短语pay attention to，表示“把注意力集中于……”。故填attention。 6．句意：如果注意力不集中，大脑就很难妥善储存这些信息。根据“it’s hard for your brain to...the information properly.”及结合首字母s，不定式to后接动词原形，store意为“储存”，符合语境。故填store。7．句意：举个例子，如果你想记住一个新单词，可以把它和熟悉的图片或故事联系起来。根据“For...if you want to remember a new word, ”及结合首字母e，此处是说举例，常用短语for example表示“例如”。故填example。 8．句意：而且，定期复习内容也很有必要——每隔几天回顾一遍信息，把它长期保存在记忆里。根据“Also...things regularly is necessary”可知，此处作句子主语，要用动名词形式；结合首字母r，review的动名词是reviewing，意为“复习”，符合语境。 故填reviewing。 9．句意：如果偶尔忘掉一些东西，不必担心，这完全是正常的。根据“Don’t...if you forget something sometimes”及结合首字母w，don’t后接动词原形，worry表示“担心”，符合语境。故填worry。 10．句意：坚持运用这些方法练习，你会发现记忆力一天比一天更好。根据“Just keep practicing these tips, and you will find your memory becomes...day by day.”可知，become后接形容词比较级，结合首字母b，better是good的比较级，表示“更好的”，此处是说越来越好。故填better。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Memory is a treasure for everyone, but sometimes we find it hard to r 1 things. Here are some tips to help improve your memory. First, pay a 2 to what you want to remember. If you’re not listening carefully, it’s easy to f 3 information quickly. Second, connect new things with something you already know. For example, if you want to remember a new word, you can link it to a funny s 4 . Third, r 5 the information regularly. Reviewing what you've learned every day helps keep it in your mind. Also, having a healthy lifestyle is important. Eating more fruit and vegetables can i 6 your brain function. Getting enough sleep is also n 7 ; when you’re tired, your memory doesn’t work well. Don’t forget to do some e 8 too. Exercise helps keep your brain active. Many people think only old people have memory p 9 , but even students may have trouble remembering things. Following these tips, you can make your memory s 10 than before. 【答案】 1．remember/emember 2．attention/ttention 3．forget/orget 4．story/tory 5．review/eview 6．improve/mprove 7．necessary/ecessary 8．exercise/xercise 9．problems/roblems 10．stronger/tronger 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲解提升记忆力的各类实用方法，从记忆学习技巧、健康生活方式两方面给出建议，说明记忆力问题不只是老年人会遇到，掌握方法就能优化自身记忆水平。 【详解】 1．句意：记忆是每个人的财富，但有时我们发现很难记住事情。固定结构“find it hard to do sth.”中，to后需接动词原形；首字母r及文章围绕“memory”展开的主题提示填remember。 2．句意：首先，注意你想要记住的东西。固定搭配“pay attention to”意为“注意”，首字母a对应attention。 3．句意：如果你不仔细听，很容易快速忘记信息。固定句型“it’s easy to do sth.”中to后接动词原形；前文“not listening carefully”及首字母f提示填forget。 4．句意：例如，如果你想记住一个新单词，你可以把它和一个有趣的故事联系起来。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，“funny”修饰该名词；首字母s及“link...to...”建立联想的语境提示填story。 5．句意：第三，定期复习这些信息。本句为祈使句，需以动词原形开头；下一句“Reviewing what you've learned every day...”明确提示该动作，首字母r对应review。 6．句意：多吃水果和蔬菜可以改善你的大脑功能。情态动词can后接动词原形；首字母i及“brain function”的语境提示填improve。 7．句意：获得足够的睡眠也是必要的；当你累的时候，你的记忆力不好。系动词is后接形容词作表语；首字母n及后文“when you’re tired, your memory doesn’t work well”的语境提示填necessary。 8．句意：别忘了也做一些运动。锻炼有助于保持大脑活跃。“do some exercise”为固定搭配，意为“做一些运动”；下一句“Exercise helps...”明确提示，首字母e对应exercise。 9．句意：许多人认为只有老年人有记忆问题，但即使学生也可能记不住东西。“memory problems”为常用搭配，意为“记忆问题”；首字母p及“have trouble remembering things”的并列语境提示填problems。 10．句意：遵循这些建议，你可以让你的记忆力比以前更好。固定结构“make+宾语+形容词”意为“使……处于某种状态”；句中“than before”提示需用比较级，结合语境以及首字母s，可知这些建议使记忆更牢固，首字母s对应stronger。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 My grandmother has a 1 (宝贵的) box of memories. In it, she keeps letters from my grandfather, 2 (照片) of her children, and 3 (票根) from places she has visited. She often takes out the box and 4 (分享) stories with me. One day, she showed me a 5 (日记) she kept when she was a teenager. In it, she wrote about her dreams, her 6 (朋友), and her first day at school. I was 7 (惊讶的) to see that she had the same worries and hopes as I do. She said, “Memories are the 8 (财富) of life. They 9 (帮助) us understand who we are.” Now, I have started my own box of memories. I want to 10 (保存) these moments for the future. 【答案】 1．precious 2．photos 3．tickets 4．shares 5．diary 6．friends 7．surprised 8．treasure 9．help 10．preserve 【导语】本篇短文讲述祖母珍藏装满回忆的匣子，里面存放信件、照片与票根，作者偶然看到祖母少年时期的日记深受触动，明白回忆是人生的财富，于是也开始打造属于自己的回忆匣子，珍惜、留存生活里的珍贵瞬间。 【详解】 1．句意：我的祖母有一个珍贵的回忆匣子。空格修饰名词box，需要形容词；precious意为“宝贵的、珍贵的”。故填precious。 2．句意：里面存放着祖父的信件、孩子们的照片。表一类事物，使用复数，photos为 photo复数形式。故填photos。 3．句意：还有她游览各地留下的票根。和前面letters、photos并列，用复数，tickets是ticket复数。故填tickets。 4．句意：她经常拿出匣子，和我分享故事。主语she为第三人称单数，一般现在时，and连接并列谓语，share变形为shares。故填shares。 5．句意：有一天，她给我看了她青少年时期写的一本日记。不定冠词a后接单数可数名词，diary表示“日记”。故填diary。 6．句意：日记里写下了她的梦想、朋友和上学第一天。此处泛指多位朋友，用复数friends。故填friends。 7．句意：我很惊讶发现她有着和我一样的烦恼与期盼。修饰人，使用-ed形容词surprised，表示“感到惊讶的”。故填surprised。 8．句意：回忆是生活的财富。treasure此处为不可数名词，意为“财富”。故填treasure。 9．句意：它们帮助我们认清自我。主语they，一般现在时，谓语动词用原形help。故填help。 10．句意：我想要为未来留存这些瞬间。want to后接动词原形；preserve表示“保存、珍藏”。故填preserve。 Passage 3 Sometimes, children can’t keep a single bit of information in their mind while they are doing something else. If so, they may have p 1 with their working memory. It is an important skill for children. Here are some t 2 to help improve children’s working memory. Read actively. They may form long-term (长时间的) memories more e 3 when children take part in active reading. Active reading i 4 not only asking notes, but also speaking aloud and asking questions about the material that they are reading. Use visualization (形象化) skills. When reading something, ask children to imagine the scene of the story and d 5 it. For example, ask them to set a table for a few people and have a picture in their m 6 , and then have a description. Ask them to teach others. Teaching a 7 person means being able to understand the information well before saying it aloud. When children are learning a new skill, ask them to show others h 8 to do it. They should be able to explain it to others. M 9 , there are lots of matching games that can be played to improve their working memory, or you can use something simple like a m 10 or a newspaper. Have them find a certain word as many times as they can in one minute. 【答案】 1．(p)roblems 2．(t)ips 3．(e)asily 4．(i)ncludes 5．(d)escribe 6．(m)ind/(m)inds 7．(a)nother 8．(h)ow 9．(M)oreover 10．(m)agazine 【导语】本文主要介绍了提高孩子工作记忆的方法。 1．句意：如果是这样，他们的工作记忆可能有问题。根据“Sometimes, children can’t keep a single bit of information in their mind while they are doing something else.”和首字母提示可知，有时，孩子们在做其他事情时，一点信息都记不住，可推测此处是他们的工作记忆可能有问题，have后需填名词复数，problems“问题”，名词复数形式。故填(p)roblems。 2．句意：以下是一些有助于提高孩子工作记忆的有用的提示。根据下文“Read actively...Use visualization skills...Ask them to teach others.”和首字母提示可知，积极阅读，使用形象化技能，让他们教别人，这些是一些方法，可推测此处是一些有用的提示，some后需填名词复数，tips“实用提示”，名词复数形式。故填(t)ips。 3．句意：当孩子们参与积极阅读时，他们可能更容易形成长期记忆。根据“They may form long-term memories more...when children take part in active reading.”和首字母提示可知，孩子积极阅读有助于他们长期记忆，可推测此处是他们可能更容易形成长期记忆，空处需填多音节副词，与more构成比较级，修饰form，easily“容易地”，副词。故填(e)asily。 4．句意：积极阅读不仅包括做笔记，还包括大声朗读和就他们正在阅读的材料提出问题。根据“Active reading...not only asking notes, but also speaking aloud and asking questions about the material that they are reading.”和首字母提示可知，积极阅读包括做笔记，大声朗读和就他们正在阅读的材料提出问题，句子缺少谓语，主语为Active reading，单数，时态为一般现在时，空处需填动词“三单”形式，includes“包括”，动词“三单”形式。故填(i)ncludes。 5．句意：当阅读一些东西时，让孩子想象故事的场景并描述它。根据“When reading something, ask children to imagine the scene of the story and...it.”和首字母提示可知，让孩子阅读时，通常会让他们想象故事场景并且复述故事，可推测此处是描述故事，ask sb to do sth表示“要求某人做某事”，不定式to后需接动词原形，and连接并列关系，空处需填与imagine并列的动词原形，describe“描述”，动词。故填(d)escribe。 6．句意：例如，让他们为几个人摆一张桌子，并在头脑中/心中画一幅画，然后进行描述。根据“For example, ask them to set a table for a few people and have a picture in their..., and then have a description.”和首字母提示可知，然后进行描述，可推测此处是在头脑中/心中描绘一幅为几个人摆一张桌子的画面，空处需填名词复数/不可数名词，minds“头脑”，名词复数，mind“内心”，不可数名词。故填(m)ind/(m)inds。 7．句意：教导他人意味着在大声说出信息之前能够很好地理解信息。根据“Ask them to teach others.”和首字母提示可知，让他们教别人，可推测此处是教导他人，another person表示“他人”。故填(a)nother。 8．句意：当孩子们学习一项新技能时，让他们向别人展示如何做。根据“Ask them to teach others.”和首字母提示可知，让他们教别人，可推测此处是让他们向别人展示如何做，此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，空处需填疑问副词，how“如何”。故填(h)ow。 9．句意：此外，还有很多匹配的可以被玩儿的游戏用来提高他们的工作记忆，或者你可以使用一些简单的东西，比如杂志或报纸。根据“...there are lots of matching games that can be played to improve their working memory,...”和首字母提示可知，还有很多匹配的可以被玩儿的游戏用来提高他们的工作记忆，可推测此处是此外，空处需填副词，moreover“此外”，副词，句首首字母m需大写。故填(M)oreover。 10．句意：此外，还有很多匹配的可以被玩儿的游戏用来提高他们的工作记忆，或者你可以使用一些简单的东西，比如杂志或报纸。根据“...or you can use something simple like a...or a newspaper.”和首字母提示可知，你可以使用一些简单的东西，如报纸，可推测此处是杂志，a后需填名词单数，且首字母发音为辅音音素，magazine“杂志”，名词。故填(m)agazine。 Passage 4 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限填一词。 Can memory be i 1 ? Most people hope to have a better memory that helps them succeed in study, work and life. Luckily, t 2 of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a clear answer. A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory sharp. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy diet. Doing exercise is also one of the most helpful m 3 which can keep your brain alive. That is because exercise provides much oxygen(氧气) for the brain. The h 4 your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become. But do not expect a r 5   change—it takes a long time to make a difference. Memory skills help you remember things better. Chunking(分拆) is a way of remembering a piece of i 6 by cutting it into smaller ones. For example, to memorize a telephone number 2127983630, you can d 7 it into three groups: first 212, then 798, and lastly 3630. What’s more, only a regular review can make the memory last long. That is why students are a 8 to go over what they have learnt after one day and then after three days, and then use it as much as p 9 . Human brains are like persons w 10 need exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improve your memory. 【答案】 1．(i)mproved 2．(t)housands 3．(m)ethods 4．(h)ealthier 5．(r)apid 6．(i)nformation 7．(d)ivide 8．(a)dvised 9．(p)ossible 10．(w)ho 【导语】本文告诉我们通过一些方法我们是可以提高我们的记忆力的。 【详解】 1．句意：记忆力可以提高吗？根据“Most people hope to have a better memory that helps them succeed in study, work and life.”以及首字母提示可知，是问记忆力可以提高吗？be动词后加动词的过去分词，表被动。故填(i)mproved。 2．句意：幸运的是，在过去的50年里，成千上万的研究已经给了我们一个明确的答案。根据“of studies”以及首字母提示可知，是成千上万的研究，thousands of“成千上万的”。故填(t)housands。 3．句意：锻炼也是保持大脑活力的最有效方法之一。根据“Doing exercise is also one of the most helpful...which can keep your brain alive.”以及首字母提示可知，是最有效方法之一，one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数“最……之一”。故填(m)ethods。 4．句意：你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力就会越好。根据“The...your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become.”以及首字母提示可知，你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力就会越好。the+比较级，the+比较级“越……越……”，所以横线上应填healthy的比较级。故填(h)ealthier。 5．句意：但是不要期望迅速的改变——需要很长时间才能有所改变。根据“it takes a long time to make a difference.”以及首字母提示可知，不要期望迅速的改变。故填(r)apid。 6．句意：分拆是一种通过将信息切成小块来记忆信息的方法。根据“remembering a piece of...”和“For example, to memorize a telephone number 2127983630”以及首字母提示可知，是一条信息，information是不可数名词。故填(i)nformation。 7．句意：例如，要记住一个电话号码2127983630，您可以将其分为三组：首先是212，然后是798，最后是3630。根据“...into three groups”以及首字母提示可知，是将电话号码分为三组，can情态动词后加动词原形。故填(d)ivide。 8．句意：这就是为什么建议学生在一天之后，然后在三天之后复习他们所学的知识，然后尽可能多地使用它。根据“only a regular review can make the memory last long”以及首字母提示可知，学生们被建议及时复习，be动词are后加动词的过去分词，表被动。故填(a)dvised。 9．句意：这就是为什么建议学生在一天之后，然后在三天之后复习他们所学的知识，然后尽可能多地使用它。根据“use it as much as...”以及首字母提示可知，是尽可能多地。故填(p)ossible。 10．句意：人类的大脑就像需要锻炼才能变得更强壮的人一样。根据“Human brains are like persons...”以及首字母提示可知，这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代persons。故填(w)ho。 Passage 5 Improving Memory In many ways, our memories shape who we are. They make up our internal biographies (传记)—the stories we tell o 1 about what we’ve done with our lives. They tell us who we’re connected to, who we’ve touched during our lives, and who has touched us. In short, our memories are i 2 to the essence (本质) of who we are as human beings. That means age-related memory loss can represent (代表) a l 3 of self. It also affects the practical side of life, like getting around the neighborhood or remembering h 4 to contact a loved one. It’s not surprising, then, that people are concerned about decreasing thinking and memory skills as they age. What c 5 some people to lose their memory while others stay sharp? Genes play a r 6 , but so do choices. Ways to improve memory i 7 following a healthy diet, exercising regularly, not smoking, and keeping blood pressure and blood sugar in check. Living a m 8 active life is important, too. Just as muscles grow stronger with use, mental exercise helps keep mental skills and memory in tone. Are certain kinds of “brain work” more effective t 9 others? Any brain exercise is better than being a mental couch potato. Watching the latest marathon on the History Channel may not be enough. L 10 a new language, volunteering, and other activities that strain your brain are better. 【答案】 1．(o)urselves 2．(i)mportant 3．(l)oss 4．(h)ow 5．(c)auses 6．(r)ole 7．(i)nclude 8．(m)entally 9．(t)han 10．(L)earning 【导语】本文主要讲述了记忆力是什么以及如何提高我们的记忆力。 【详解】 1．句意：它们组成了我们的内在传记——我们告诉自己关于在生活中做了什么的故事。根据“the stories we tell…about what we’ve done with our lives.”以及首字母提示，此处指告诉“我们自己”，ourselves“我们自己”符合语境，为反身代词。故填(o)urselves。 2．句意：简而言之，我们的记忆对于我们作为人类的本质是非常重要的。根据“to the essence of who we are as human beings”以及首字母提示可知，记忆对人类本质至关重要，形容词important“重要的”符合语境。故填(i)mportant。 3．句意：这意味着与年龄相关的记忆力丧失可能代表着自我的丧失。根据“age-related memory loss”可知，此处指记忆丧失代表“自我的丧失”，名词loss符合语境。故填(l)oss。 4．句意：它也影响着生活的实际方面，比如在附近活动或记住如何联系亲人。根据“remembering…to contact a loved one”可知，此处指“如何”联系亲人，疑问词how符合语境。故填(h)ow。 5．句意：是什么导致一些人失去记忆，而另一些人保持敏锐？根据“some people to lose their memory”可知，此处指“导致”记忆丧失的原因，动词cause符合语境，该句是一般现在时，主语是“What”，动词填三单形式。故填(c)auses。 6．句意：基因起了一定作用，但选择也是如此。固定搭配play a role“起作用”符合语境。故填(r)ole。 7．句意：改善记忆力的方法包括遵循健康的饮食。根据“following a healthy diet”可知，此处指改善记忆力的方法“包括”健康饮食，动词include符合语境，且主语为复数，动词用原形。故填(i)nclude。 8．句意：保持心理活跃的生活也很重要。根据后文“mental exercise helps keep mental skills”可知，此处指“心理上”活跃的生活，副词mentally符合语境。故填(m)entally。 9．句意：某些类型的“脑力劳动”是否比其他活动更有效？根据“more effective…others”可知，此处为比较级，连词than符合语境。故填(t)han。 10．句意：学习一门新语言、做志愿者和其他需要动脑的活动会更好。根据“a new language”可知，此处指“学习”新语言，动名词Learning作主语。故填(L)earning。 Passage 6 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 You might have found a friend or classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a b 1 memory as something that cannot be changed, but actually there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are i 2 in and forget the ones that make us feel bored. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results w 3 difficulty but make a very great effort to remember dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember, and pay close a 4 . One way to “make” yourself more interested is to ask questions—the more the better! Moreover, researchers have found that information organized in groups can be easy to remember. You can use this by organizing the materials you are s 5 . Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook readings to help group the information. Then when you learn more about that subject, you understand that better. Be sure things are clear in your m 6 . If not, ask questions until you understand! What’s more, when you’re learning new materials, take the time to think about the relationship b 7 the present information and what you’ve already known. Then it can help you remember the information. Physical exercise is also important for your memory, b 8 it increases your heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also r 9 stress, which is very bad for the memory. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the m 10 above. I’m sure that you will improve your memory and get more out of it. 【答案】 1．bad/ad 2．interested/nterested 3．without/ithout 4．attention/ttention 5．studying/tudying 6．mind/ind 7．between/etween 8．because/ecause 9．reduces/educes 10．methods/ethods 【导语】本文主要介绍了围绕“记忆力可通过刻意行动改善”展开，首先打破“好记性天生、差记性不可改变”的固有认知，随后给出5个具体可操作的记忆力提升方法。 【详解】 1．句意：好记性通常被认为是天生的，而差记性则被认为是无法改变的。根据“A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a...memory as something that cannot be changed”结合首字母提示可知，此处指“不好的记忆”，bad“坏的，不好的”，形容词。故填bad。 2．句意：我们都会记住自己感兴趣的事情，而忘记那些让我们感到无聊的事情。根据“We all remember the things we are...in and forget the ones that make us feel bored.”结合首字母提示可知，be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 3．句意：这无疑解释了为什么男生能毫不费力地记住足球比赛结果，却要费很大劲才能记住历史课上的日期！根据“This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results...difficulty”结合首字母提示可知，without difficulty“毫不费力地，容易地”。故填without。 4．句意：对想要记住的内容产生主动兴趣，并密切关注它。根据“and pay close...”结合首字母提示可知，pay close attention“密切注意”。故填attention。 5．句意：你可以通过整理正在学习的材料来利用这一方法。根据“You can use this by organizing the materials you are...”结合首字母提示可知，此处指正在学习的材料，study“学习”，动词，放于are之后，应用现在分词形式。故填studying。 6．句意：确保事情在你的脑海中是清晰的。根据“Be sure things are clear in your...”结合首字母提示可知，in one’s mind“在某人脑海中”。故填mind。 7．句意：当你学习新材料时，花时间思考当前信息与你已知信息之间的关联。根据“take the time to think about the relationship...the present information and what you’ve already known.”结合首字母提示可知，between...and...“在……之间”。故填between。 8．句意：体育锻炼对记忆力也很重要，因为它能提高心率，向大脑输送更多氧气，让你的记忆工作更好。根据“...it increases your heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain”结合首字母提示可知，体育锻炼对记忆力也很重要的原因在于它能提高心率，向大脑输送更多氧气，让你的记忆工作更好，because“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because。 9．句意：锻炼还能减少压力，而压力对记忆力是非常有害的。根据“Exercise also...stress”结合首字母提示可知，此处指锻炼能减少压力，主语Exercise为不可数名词，动词用第三人称单数形式，reduce“减少”，动词。故填reduces。 10．句意：所以下次你学习新信息时，可以使用上面提到的这些方法。根据“you can use the...above.”结合首字母提示可知，此处指以上的方法，method“方法”，可数名词，应用复数形式。故填methods。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与自我——记忆） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读短文，并根据首字母提示补全短文，每空一词。 Some people have a very good memory(记忆) and can easily learn quite long poems(诗) by heart. O 1 have poor memory and can only remember things when they have said again and a 2 . The famous English writer, Charles Dickens, said that he could walk down any long street in London and then tell you the n 3 of every shop on both sides of the street. Many great men of the world have a w 4 memory. A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his own language by r 5 what he hears when he is a small child. Some children live with their parents in foreign countries and they seem to l 6 two languages as easily as one. In school it is not so e 7 to learn a foreign language because students have little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects too. A man’s mind is quite like a camera, but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we f 8 , hear, smell and taste. When we take real photos with cameras, there is much to do before the photo is finished and ready to s 9 to our friends. In the s 10 way there is much work to be done before we can keep a picture forever in our mind. Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 Memory is a fascinating and complex 1 (现象). Scientists have been studying it for 2 (几十年), yet many 3 (方面) remain mysterious. One of the most interesting areas is how memories are 4 (影响) by emotions. When we experience strong emotions, the brain releases chemicals that 5 (强化) the memory. Another important finding is that memory is not a 6 (完美的) recording of the past. It is a 7 (重构) of events, influenced by our beliefs and 8 (期望). This means that two people can 9 (记得) the same event very differently. Understanding this can help us be more 10 (宽容) of others’ perspectives. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 Do you want to improve your memory? If so, it’s 1 (必要) to know how memory works. There are two 2 (基本) types: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory helps you keep things in mind for a short 3 (一段时间). Long-term memory lets you remember information like the password to your online bank 4 (账户) for days, years or even forever. The key is to move what you learn into long-term memory, and you can do this with smart memory 5 (技巧) and a healthy lifestyle. First, focus carefully and take notes of key points. It's always easier to remember a summary than a long 6 (段落). Second, review what you've learnt often. Study for 40 minutes and then take a 7 (休息). You can also 8 (讨论) or teach the knowledge to others. Third, use your senses. You can create 9 (图像) like mind maps or listen to recorded information. Finally, sleeping well, eating healthily and exercising often can also 10 (促进) your memory. Try different methods to find what works for you. Passage 4 Memory is a precious ability that helps us hold onto happy moments and important knowledge. But some people struggle to m 1 things easily. Here are some useful tips to i 2 your memory. First, get enough sleep. When you sleep, your brain organizes the information you received during the day, so a good night’s sleep can make your memory s 3 . Second, do more brain exercises, like playing chess or solving logic puzzles. These activities can t 4 your brain to work more efficiently. Third, pay a 5 to what you want to remember. If you don’t focus, it’s hard for your brain to s 6 the information properly. Another tip is to connect new things with something you already know. For e 7 , if you want to remember a new word, you can link it to a familiar picture or story. Also, r 8 things regularly is necessary—review the information every few days to keep it in your long-term memory. Don’t w 9 if you forget something sometimes; it’s totally normal. Just keep practicing these tips, and you will find your memory becomes b 10 day by day. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Memory is a treasure for everyone, but sometimes we find it hard to r 1 things. Here are some tips to help improve your memory. First, pay a 2 to what you want to remember. If you’re not listening carefully, it’s easy to f 3 information quickly. Second, connect new things with something you already know. For example, if you want to remember a new word, you can link it to a funny s 4 . Third, r 5 the information regularly. Reviewing what you've learned every day helps keep it in your mind. Also, having a healthy lifestyle is important. Eating more fruit and vegetables can i 6 your brain function. Getting enough sleep is also n 7 ; when you’re tired, your memory doesn’t work well. Don’t forget to do some e 8 too. Exercise helps keep your brain active. Many people think only old people have memory p 9 , but even students may have trouble remembering things. Following these tips, you can make your memory s 10 than before. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 My grandmother has a 1 (宝贵的) box of memories. In it, she keeps letters from my grandfather, 2 (照片) of her children, and 3 (票根) from places she has visited. She often takes out the box and 4 (分享) stories with me. One day, she showed me a 5 (日记) she kept when she was a teenager. In it, she wrote about her dreams, her 6 (朋友), and her first day at school. I was 7 (惊讶的) to see that she had the same worries and hopes as I do. She said, “Memories are the 8 (财富) of life. They 9 (帮助) us understand who we are.” Now, I have started my own box of memories. I want to 10 (保存) these moments for the future. Passage 3 Sometimes, children can’t keep a single bit of information in their mind while they are doing something else. If so, they may have p 1 with their working memory. It is an important skill for children. Here are some t 2 to help improve children’s working memory. Read actively. They may form long-term (长时间的) memories more e 3 when children take part in active reading. Active reading i 4 not only asking notes, but also speaking aloud and asking questions about the material that they are reading. Use visualization (形象化) skills. When reading something, ask children to imagine the scene of the story and d 5 it. For example, ask them to set a table for a few people and have a picture in their m 6 , and then have a description. Ask them to teach others. Teaching a 7 person means being able to understand the information well before saying it aloud. When children are learning a new skill, ask them to show others h 8 to do it. They should be able to explain it to others. M 9 , there are lots of matching games that can be played to improve their working memory, or you can use something simple like a m 10 or a newspaper. Have them find a certain word as many times as they can in one minute. Passage 4 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限填一词。 Can memory be i 1 ? Most people hope to have a better memory that helps them succeed in study, work and life. Luckily, t 2 of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a clear answer. A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory sharp. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy diet. Doing exercise is also one of the most helpful m 3 which can keep your brain alive. That is because exercise provides much oxygen(氧气) for the brain. The h 4 your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become. But do not expect a r 5   change—it takes a long time to make a difference. Memory skills help you remember things better. Chunking(分拆) is a way of remembering a piece of i 6 by cutting it into smaller ones. For example, to memorize a telephone number 2127983630, you can d 7 it into three groups: first 212, then 798, and lastly 3630. What’s more, only a regular review can make the memory last long. That is why students are a 8 to go over what they have learnt after one day and then after three days, and then use it as much as p 9 . Human brains are like persons w 10 need exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improve your memory. Passage 5 Improving Memory In many ways, our memories shape who we are. They make up our internal biographies (传记)—the stories we tell o 1 about what we’ve done with our lives. They tell us who we’re connected to, who we’ve touched during our lives, and who has touched us. In short, our memories are i 2 to the essence (本质) of who we are as human beings. That means age-related memory loss can represent (代表) a l 3 of self. It also affects the practical side of life, like getting around the neighborhood or remembering h 4 to contact a loved one. It’s not surprising, then, that people are concerned about decreasing thinking and memory skills as they age. What c 5 some people to lose their memory while others stay sharp? Genes play a r 6 , but so do choices. Ways to improve memory i 7 following a healthy diet, exercising regularly, not smoking, and keeping blood pressure and blood sugar in check. Living a m 8 active life is important, too. Just as muscles grow stronger with use, mental exercise helps keep mental skills and memory in tone. Are certain kinds of “brain work” more effective t 9 others? Any brain exercise is better than being a mental couch potato. Watching the latest marathon on the History Channel may not be enough. L 10 a new language, volunteering, and other activities that strain your brain are better. Passage 6 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 You might have found a friend or classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a b 1 memory as something that cannot be changed, but actually there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory. We all remember the things we are i 2 in and forget the ones that make us feel bored. This no doubt explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results w 3 difficulty but make a very great effort to remember dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember, and pay close a 4 . One way to “make” yourself more interested is to ask questions—the more the better! Moreover, researchers have found that information organized in groups can be easy to remember. You can use this by organizing the materials you are s 5 . Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook readings to help group the information. Then when you learn more about that subject, you understand that better. Be sure things are clear in your m 6 . If not, ask questions until you understand! What’s more, when you’re learning new materials, take the time to think about the relationship b 7 the present information and what you’ve already known. Then it can help you remember the information. Physical exercise is also important for your memory, b 8 it increases your heart rate and sends more oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also r 9 stress, which is very bad for the memory. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the m 10 above. I’m sure that you will improve your memory and get more out of it. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网·上好课 www.zxxk.com Unit 4 Our Memory 短文填空题型专练（话题：人与自我 参考答秦 目 题型夯基提升 巩固基础专项突破 Passage 1 1.Others 2.again 3.name 4.wonderful 5.remembering 6.learn 7.easy 8.feel 9.show 10.same Passage 2 1/8 上好每一堂课 一记忆) 6学科网·上好课 1.phenomenon 2.decades 3.aspects 4.influenced 5.strengthen 6.perfect 7.reconstruction 8.expectations 9.remember 10.tolerant Passage 3 1.necessary 2.basic 3.period 4.account www.zxxk.com 2/8 上好每一堂课 6学科网·上好课 5.skills 6.paragraph 7.break 8.discuss 9.images 10.improve Passage 4 1.memorize 2.improve 3.sharp 4.train 5.attention 6.store 7.example 8.reviewing www.zxxk.com 3/8 上好每一堂课 学科网·上好课 9.worry 10.better Passage 1 1.remember 2.attention 3.forget 4.story 5.review 6.improve 7.necessary 8.exercise 9.problems 10.stronger Passage 2 1.precious www.zxxk.com 上好每一堂课 培优拔高挑战攻坚 4/8 学科网·上好课 2.photos 3.tickets 4.shares 5.diary 6.friends 7.surprised 8.treasure 9.help 10.preserve Passage 3 1.problems 2.tips 3.easily 4.includes 5.describe www.zxxk.com 5/8 上好每一堂课 6学科网·上好课 6.mind /minds 7.another 8.how 9.Moreover 10.magazine Passage 4 1.improved 2.thousands 3.methods 4.healthier 5.rapid 6.information 7.divide 8.advised 9.possible www.zxxk.com 6/8 上好每一堂课 %学科网·上好课 10.who Passage 5 1.ourselves 2.important 3.loss 4.how 5.causes 6.role 7.include 8.mentally 9.than 10.Learning Passage 6 1.bad 2.interested 3.without www.zxxk.com 7/8 上好每一堂课 学科网·上好课 4.attention 5.studying 6.mind 7.between 8.because 9.reduces 10.methods www.zxxk.com 8/8 上好每一堂课