Unit 6 Benefits of Garbage Sorting（B卷·能力提升）《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 6 Benefits of Garbage Sorting B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 第一部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出画线部分读音不同的一项。 1. A. burden B. further C. purpose D. pure 2. A. battery B. waste C. paper D. station 3. A. school B. chemist C. chair D. chemical 4. A. mixed B. needed C. washed D. reached 5. A. low B. throw C. flow D. cow 第二节 单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 6. Garbage sorting is a practical measure __________ helps build a beautiful China. A. where B. when C. that D. who 7. Neither burning nor burying garbage __________ a wise choice for the future. A. are B. were C. is D. be 8. The survey shows __________ many people fail to sort waste because bins are not convenient. A. that B. what C. whose D. where 9. Old clothes should be collected instead of __________ away carelessly. A. being thrown B. throw C. to throw D. threw 10. The community has made the signs larger __________ residents can see them clearly. A. even if B. as soon as C. unless D. so that 11. The worker explained __________ used batteries were harmful to soil and water. A. why B. which C. whom D. whose 12. Kitchen waste, once properly collected, can __________ into useful farm material. A. turn B. turning C. be turned D. turned 13. The more reliable the city garbage service is, the __________ people will trust sorting. A. most B. many C. more D. much 14. Residents are encouraged __________ clear bags for kitchen waste in some communities. A. not use B. not to use C. not using D. not used 15. A low-carbon life means using resources __________ and producing less waste. A. wise B. wisdom C. wiser D. wisely 16. Only when everyone follows the rule __________ become effective. A. will garbage sorting B. garbage sorting will C. garbage sorting did D. did garbage sorting 17. The question __________ all cities should use the same sorting rules is still discussed. A. who B. where C. whether D. whose 18. More pictures __________ on the bins before the new programme started. A. put B. have put C. will put D. had been put 19. Some mineral water bottles can be returned __________ people have paid a small deposit. A. unless B. although C. before D. because 20. The instructions are __________ clear that even young children can follow them. A. such B. so C. too D. enough 21. The cleaner found several batteries __________ with vegetable peels. A. mix B. mixing C. mixed D. to mix 22. It is reported __________ Germany has a high garbage recycling rate. A. that B. what C. who D. when 23. Students should know how __________ different kinds of waste before taking action. A. recognise B. to recognise C. recognising D. recognised 24. The plan will work well if it __________ by good services and patient education. A. supports B. is supported C. supported D. will support 25. __________ is careless to throw harmful waste into ordinary bins. A. This B. That C. One D. It 26. People who sort garbage properly make __________ easier for workers to recycle resources. A. this B. it C. that D. one 27. The dustbins __________ colours are different help residents sort waste quickly. A. which B. whose C. who D. where 28. We should prevent useful resources from __________ wasted. A. be B. to be C. been D. being 29. Garbage sorting is not a short campaign __________ a long-term habit. A. but B. or C. so D. for 30. The volunteer spoke slowly __________ every resident could understand the rule. A. so that B. as if C. even though D. as soon as 第三节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） When Zhao Lin became a volunteer for a community garbage sorting plan, he thought the work was only about standing beside dustbins. After several days, he found it was more 31______ than he had expected. Some residents did not know the rules; others doubted whether sorting was useful. Zhao Lin first studied the four categories. Recyclables included paper, plastic, glass, metal and clothes. Kitchen waste included leftovers, bones and peels. Harmful waste included batteries, bulbs and out-of-date drugs. Other waste was difficult to recycle. He made a small card with examples, because clear 32______ could save time. The harder part was changing people's minds. An old man said there was no point in sorting if trucks later 33______ everything together. Zhao Lin explained that reliable services were improving and that residents' actions could push the system forward. He also told children that peels could break down for farms, while batteries might 34______ soil and water. Gradually, more families joined. The community added signs, held short talks and placed bins closer to buildings. Kitchen waste became less smelly, and recyclable materials were collected in better order. Zhao Lin realised that garbage sorting needed laws, services, knowledge and 35______. It could turn waste into 36______, reduce the 37______ on the environment, and support green and low-carbon 38______. Most importantly, it helped people form a habit of thinking before throwing. He believed a cleaner community began with one correct 39______ and one responsible 40______. 31.A. delicious B. complicated C. silent D. empty 32.A. prices B. games C. songs D. instructions 33.A. mixed B. protected C. invented D. praised 34.A. decorate B. repair C. pollute D. recognise 35.A. hunger B. patience C. traffic D. medicine 36.A. mistakes B. secrets C. excuses D. resources 37.A. burden B. ticket C. poster D. screen 38.A. argument B. illness C. development D. silence 39.A. storm B. choice C. market D. corner 40.A. dream B. noise C. price D. action 第四节 短文填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Garbage sorting is closely connected with ecological conservation. In the past, some waste 41______ (collect) without clear rules, so workers had to sort it again. Now separate dustbins and public education are making a difference. Recyclable materials should 42______ (process) for new production, while harmful waste must be treated carefully. If residents 43______ (understand) why sorting matters, they will be more willing to follow the rules. Communities can put up signs 44______ (show) examples of each kind of waste. The more patiently services and education work together, the 45______ (effective) garbage sorting will become. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Problem in garbage sorting Possible influence Useful solution Few separate dustbins nearby Residents may throw all waste together because sorting is inconvenient and time-consuming in daily life today. Place clear bins near homes, schools and public areas with simple signs that show examples. City services mix waste again People may think their own sorting is useless and lose trust in the programme. Use reliable collection trucks for different kinds of waste every day and keep records. Lack of sorting knowledge Residents may not know where batteries, glass, old clothes or medicine should go. Offer simple cards, pictures and community talks with common examples after dinner meetings. Short-term enthusiasm A programme may come and go without changing habits in families or schools. Combine rules, services and education for a long time with regular feedback from residents. 46. What may happen if there are few separate dustbins? A. People will stop eating. B. Schools will close in the text. C. People may throw all waste together. D. Bottles will disappear in the text. 47. Which solution is mainly about winning residents' trust? A. Using reliable collection trucks and keeping records. B. Putting all waste in one truck. C. Giving fewer talks in the text. D. Removing examples from signs in the text. 48. What is the table mainly trying to show? A. All sorting problems come from children. B. Cards are more important than laws. C. Medicine should go into kitchen waste. D. Problems can be solved by services and education. B A community near the river once had a serious waste problem. Garbage bags were piled beside the old bins every evening. Some bags were full of leftovers, while others contained bottles, paper boxes and used batteries. The smell was bad, and cleaners had to spend extra time opening the bags. The community committee decided to start a sorting plan. It placed four coloured bins near every building and printed simple instructions. Volunteers visited families at night and explained that kitchen waste should not be mixed with plastic or batteries. They also told residents that clean bottles and paper could be reused or recycled. At first, the progress was slow. Some people forgot the rules, and some thought sorting took too much time. The committee did not give up. It added pictures on the bins, praised careful families and answered questions patiently. After one month, the area became much cleaner. The plan taught residents an important lesson. Garbage sorting is not finished by putting up bins only. It also needs clear information, steady services and daily practice. When people understand the benefits, they are more willing to change. 49. What problem did the community have before the plan? A. There were too many flowers. B. Garbage bags were piled beside old bins. C. The river had no bridge. D. Families had no books in the text. 50. What can we infer about the committee from Paragraph 3? A. It gave up quickly. B. It disliked careful families. C. It removed all pictures. D. It was patient and practical. 51. Why were pictures added on the bins? A. To make the rules easier to understand. B. To decorate the river in the text. C. To sell paper boxes in the text. D. To hide the smell in the text. 52. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A river became wider after rain. B. Batteries are useful for cooking. C. A community improved sorting through clear guidance. D. Residents moved to another city. C The words garbage, trash, rubbish and waste are close in meaning, but they are not always used in the same way. In American English, people often use garbage and trash for materials that are thrown away. For example, people may say 'the smell of rotting garbage' or 'She threw the bottle into the trash.' These examples appear often in daily speech. In British English, rubbish is the usual everyday word. Garbage and trash can also appear in British English, but they are often informal or metaphorical. If someone says, 'The speech was nine tenths garbage,' the person does not mean there was real waste on the floor. The sentence means that most of the speech was useless or of poor quality. Waste is a more formal word. It refers to materials that are unused, rejected or unwanted. In environmental topics, waste is often connected with disposal, recycling and resource use. For example, packaging waste, food waste, household waste and industrial waste may need different ways of treatment. Understanding these words helps students read environmental texts more accurately. It also reminds them that language and action are connected. No matter which word is used, the real task is to reduce waste, reuse useful things and sort garbage properly in ordinary life. 53. Which words are commonly used in American English? A. Only folklore. B. Only dustbin. C. Only medicine. D. Garbage and trash. 54. What does 'The speech was nine tenths garbage' mean? A. The floor was full of bottles. B. Most of the speech was useless. C. The speaker sorted waste well. D. The speech was about farms. 55. Which word is more formal? A. Rubbish only. B. Trash only. C. Waste. D. Peel. 56. Why does the writer explain these words? A. To help students read environmental texts accurately. B. To ask students to stop speaking English. C. To prove rubbish is never used in Britain. D. To introduce a bottle factory. D Garbage sorting is becoming part of environmental education in many vocational schools. It is not only a topic in textbooks but also a practical skill for future work and daily life. Students in tourism, catering, community service and e-commerce may all need to know how to deal with waste responsibly in real workplaces and public spaces. In a school restaurant, students can learn to keep kitchen waste separate from plastic packaging. In a training hotel, they can collect used paper, bottles and old towels for recycling. In a community service project, they can explain sorting rules to elderly residents with simple words and pictures. These activities turn classroom knowledge into action. Garbage sorting also develops vocational qualities. Students practise communication when they persuade others politely. They practise problem solving when they design clear signs or arrange bins in convenient places. They practise responsibility when they check whether harmful waste is put into the correct bin. Of course, schools should avoid making sorting a one-day show. A useful plan needs regular lessons, clear duties, weekly checks and feedback. Teachers can connect the topic with ecological conservation and green development. If students form the habit early, they will carry it into workplaces and communities after graduation. In this way, vocational education can help build harmony between humanity and nature in ordinary communities. 57. Which major or field may need waste sorting knowledge? A. Moon travel. B. Catering. C. Ancient wars. D. Magic shows. 58. What can students do in a community service project? A. Explain sorting rules to elderly residents. B. Hide all pictures in the text. C. Stop recycling bottles in the text. D. Throw batteries into food waste. 59. What can we infer about garbage sorting in vocational schools? A. It is only for one-day shows. B. It has nothing to do with future jobs. C. It can train both skills and responsibility. D. It should replace all English lessons. 60. Which title best fits the passage? A. A Hotel Without Towels B. How to Sell Bottles Online C. The Colours of Old Maps D. Garbage Sorting as Vocational Education 第二节 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） A: We need to make a garbage sorting plan for our community. (61)______ B: The biggest problem is that some residents do not know the categories. A: Then we can print simple cards with examples. B: Good idea. (62)______ A: We should also ask the community to place bins closer to each building. B: Yes. Convenient bins can make sorting easier. A: What about city services? Some people think sorting is useless if trucks mix waste later. B: (63)______ A: You're right. Rules, services and education should work together. B: (64)______ A: Let's start with a short talk this Friday. B: Great. (65)______ A. We can also put clear pictures on each bin. B. What problem should we solve first? C. Reliable collection services are important too. D. Only in this way can garbage sorting become a long-term habit. E. I hope more neighbours will take action with us. 第三部分 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征集题为“Make Garbage Sorting a Habit”的短文。请你写一篇不少于80词的英文短文，内容须包括： 1. 说明垃圾分类面临的一个困难；2. 提出解决办法；3. 谈谈垃圾分类的意义。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 拓展模块》（语文版2022版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 6 Benefits of Garbage Sorting B卷·能力提升 考试时间：120分钟 满分：120分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 第一部分 英语知识运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出画线部分读音不同的一项。 1. A. burden B. further C. purpose D. pure 2. A. battery B. waste C. paper D. station 3. A. school B. chemist C. chair D. chemical 4. A. mixed B. needed C. washed D. reached 5. A. low B. throw C. flow D. cow 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 【解析】 1．A、B、C中ur读/ɜː/或/ə/；D. pure中ure读/jʊə/，故选D。 2．B、C、D中a读/eɪ/；A. battery中a读/æ/，故选A。 3．A、B、D中ch读/k/；C. chair中ch读/tʃ/，故选C。 4．A、C、D中ed读/t/；B. needed中ed读/ɪd/，故选B。 5．A、B、C中ow读/əʊ/；D. cow中ow读/aʊ/，故选D。 第二节 单项选择（共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 6. Garbage sorting is a practical measure __________ helps build a beautiful China. A. where B. when C. that D. who 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词measure指物，从句缺主语，用that。 故选C。 7. Neither burning nor burying garbage __________ a wise choice for the future. A. are B. were C. is D. be 【答案】C 【解析】考查neither...nor...就近原则，burying garbage为单数概念。 故选C。 8. The survey shows __________ many people fail to sort waste because bins are not convenient. A. that B. what C. whose D. where 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句。that引导陈述内容。 故选A。 9. Old clothes should be collected instead of __________ away carelessly. A. being thrown B. throw C. to throw D. threw 【答案】A 【解析】考查instead of后接动名词，被动关系用being done。 故选A。 10. The community has made the signs larger __________ residents can see them clearly. A. even if B. as soon as C. unless D. so that 【答案】D 【解析】考查目的状语从句。 故选D。 11. The worker explained __________ used batteries were harmful to soil and water. A. why B. which C. whom D. whose 【答案】A 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。why表示原因。 故选A。 12. Kitchen waste, once properly collected, can __________ into useful farm material. A. turn B. turning C. be turned D. turned 【答案】C 【解析】考查被动语态。waste与turn into之间为被动关系。 故选C。 13. The more reliable the city garbage service is, the __________ people will trust sorting. A. most B. many C. more D. much 【答案】C 【解析】考查the+比较级，the+比较级结构。 故选C。 14. Residents are encouraged __________ clear bags for kitchen waste in some communities. A. not use B. not to use C. not using D. not used 【答案】B 【解析】考查be encouraged not to do sth.。 故选B。 15. A low-carbon life means using resources __________ and producing less waste. A. wise B. wisdom C. wiser D. wisely 【答案】D 【解析】考查副词修饰动词using。 故选D。 16. Only when everyone follows the rule __________ become effective. A. will garbage sorting B. garbage sorting will C. garbage sorting did D. did garbage sorting 【答案】A 【解析】考查only+状语从句置前的部分倒装。 故选A。 17. The question __________ all cities should use the same sorting rules is still discussed. A. who B. where C. whether D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】考查同位语从句。whether说明question内容。 故选C。 18. More pictures __________ on the bins before the new programme started. A. put B. have put C. will put D. had been put 【答案】D 【解析】考查过去完成时的被动语态。 故选D。 19. Some mineral water bottles can be returned __________ people have paid a small deposit. A. unless B. although C. before D. because 【答案】D 【解析】考查原因状语从句。 故选D。 20. The instructions are __________ clear that even young children can follow them. A. such B. so C. too D. enough 【答案】B 【解析】考查so...that...结构。 故选B。 21. The cleaner found several batteries __________ with vegetable peels. A. mix B. mixing C. mixed D. to mix 【答案】C 【解析】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。 故选C。 22. It is reported __________ Germany has a high garbage recycling rate. A. that B. what C. who D. when 【答案】A 【解析】考查主语从句。It is reported that...。 故选A。 23. Students should know how __________ different kinds of waste before taking action. A. recognise B. to recognise C. recognising D. recognised 【答案】B 【解析】考查“疑问词+不定式”。 故选B。 24. The plan will work well if it __________ by good services and patient education. A. supports B. is supported C. supported D. will support 【答案】B 【解析】考查条件状语从句中的一般现在时被动语态。 故选B。 25. __________ is careless to throw harmful waste into ordinary bins. A. This B. That C. One D. It 【答案】D 【解析】考查it作形式主语。 故选D。 26. People who sort garbage properly make __________ easier for workers to recycle resources. A. this B. it C. that D. one 【答案】B 【解析】考查it作形式宾语。 故选B。 27. The dustbins __________ colours are different help residents sort waste quickly. A. which B. whose C. who D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。whose colours表示“它们的颜色”。 故选B。 28. We should prevent useful resources from __________ wasted. A. be B. to be C. been D. being 【答案】D 【解析】考查prevent...from doing结构，被动意义用being done。 故选D。 29. Garbage sorting is not a short campaign __________ a long-term habit. A. but B. or C. so D. for 【答案】A 【解析】考查not...but...结构。 故选A。 30. The volunteer spoke slowly __________ every resident could understand the rule. A. so that B. as if C. even though D. as soon as 【答案】A 【解析】考查目的状语从句。 故选A。 第三节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） When Zhao Lin became a volunteer for a community garbage sorting plan, he thought the work was only about standing beside dustbins. After several days, he found it was more 31______ than he had expected. Some residents did not know the rules; others doubted whether sorting was useful. Zhao Lin first studied the four categories. Recyclables included paper, plastic, glass, metal and clothes. Kitchen waste included leftovers, bones and peels. Harmful waste included batteries, bulbs and out-of-date drugs. Other waste was difficult to recycle. He made a small card with examples, because clear 32______ could save time. The harder part was changing people's minds. An old man said there was no point in sorting if trucks later 33______ everything together. Zhao Lin explained that reliable services were improving and that residents' actions could push the system forward. He also told children that peels could break down for farms, while batteries might 34______ soil and water. Gradually, more families joined. The community added signs, held short talks and placed bins closer to buildings. Kitchen waste became less smelly, and recyclable materials were collected in better order. Zhao Lin realised that garbage sorting needed laws, services, knowledge and 35______. It could turn waste into 36______, reduce the 37______ on the environment, and support green and low-carbon 38______. Most importantly, it helped people form a habit of thinking before throwing. He believed a cleaner community began with one correct 39______ and one responsible 40______. 31.A. delicious B. complicated C. silent D. empty 32.A. prices B. games C. songs D. instructions 33.A. mixed B. protected C. invented D. praised 34.A. decorate B. repair C. pollute D. recognise 35.A. hunger B. patience C. traffic D. medicine 36.A. mistakes B. secrets C. excuses D. resources 37.A. burden B. ticket C. poster D. screen 38.A. argument B. illness C. development D. silence 39.A. storm B. choice C. market D. corner 40.A. dream B. noise C. price D. action 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D 【导语】本文讲述赵林参与社区垃圾分类志愿服务，从学习分类知识到引导居民改变观念，体现垃圾分类需要规则、服务、知识与耐心。 【详解】 31．语境推断。后文说明有人不懂规则、有人怀疑分类价值，说明工作更复杂，故选B。 32．语境推断。小卡片写有例子，清晰说明能节省时间，instructions符合，故选D。 33．语境判断。题目语境提到服务把垃圾混在一起会让人觉得分类无意义，mixed符合，故选A。 34．语境推断。电池可能污染土壤和水，pollute符合，故选C。 35．语境推断。垃圾分类需要法律、服务、知识和耐心，patience符合，故选B。 36．语境推断。垃圾分类可把废物变成资源，resources符合，故选D。 37．语境判断。increased garbage is a heavy burden on the environment，故选A。 38．语境判断。green and low-carbon development表示绿色低碳发展，故选C。 39．语境推断。正确选择投放桶，choice符合，故选B。 40．语境推断。负责任的行动带来清洁社区，action符合，故选D。 第四节 短文填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Garbage sorting is closely connected with ecological conservation. In the past, some waste 41______ (collect) without clear rules, so workers had to sort it again. Now separate dustbins and public education are making a difference. Recyclable materials should 42______ (process) for new production, while harmful waste must be treated carefully. If residents 43______ (understand) why sorting matters, they will be more willing to follow the rules. Communities can put up signs 44______ (show) examples of each kind of waste. The more patiently services and education work together, the 45______ (effective) garbage sorting will become. 【答案】41. was collected 42. be processed 43. understand 44. to show 45. more effective 【导语】本文说明垃圾分类与生态保护的关系，强调规则、服务和教育协同推进，考查被动语态、条件状语从句、非谓语和比较级。 【详解】 41．waste与collect之间为被动关系，In the past提示一般过去时，waste为不可数，填was collected。 42．materials与process之间为被动关系，should后用be done，填be processed。 43．if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，填understand。 44．社区张贴标志的目的是展示例子，填to show。 45．the+比较级，the+比较级结构，effective为多音节形容词，填more effective。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Problem in garbage sorting Possible influence Useful solution Few separate dustbins nearby Residents may throw all waste together because sorting is inconvenient and time-consuming in daily life today. Place clear bins near homes, schools and public areas with simple signs that show examples. City services mix waste again People may think their own sorting is useless and lose trust in the programme. Use reliable collection trucks for different kinds of waste every day and keep records. Lack of sorting knowledge Residents may not know where batteries, glass, old clothes or medicine should go. Offer simple cards, pictures and community talks with common examples after dinner meetings. Short-term enthusiasm A programme may come and go without changing habits in families or schools. Combine rules, services and education for a long time with regular feedback from residents. 46. What may happen if there are few separate dustbins? A. People will stop eating. B. Schools will close in the text. C. People may throw all waste together. D. Bottles will disappear in the text. 47. Which solution is mainly about winning residents' trust? A. Using reliable collection trucks and keeping records. B. Putting all waste in one truck. C. Giving fewer talks in the text. D. Removing examples from signs in the text. 48. What is the table mainly trying to show? A. All sorting problems come from children. B. Cards are more important than laws. C. Medicine should go into kitchen waste. D. Problems can be solved by services and education. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. D 【导语】本文用表格呈现垃圾分类中的常见问题、可能影响和解决办法。 【详解】 46．细节理解。第一行说明分类桶少会导致居民把垃圾混投，故选C。 47．推理判断。第二行提到可靠收运和记录，可解决收运混装导致的不信任，故选A。 48．主旨概括。表格围绕垃圾分类问题、影响和解决方式展开，强调服务与教育等措施，故选D。 B A community near the river once had a serious waste problem. Garbage bags were piled beside the old bins every evening. Some bags were full of leftovers, while others contained bottles, paper boxes and used batteries. The smell was bad, and cleaners had to spend extra time opening the bags. The community committee decided to start a sorting plan. It placed four coloured bins near every building and printed simple instructions. Volunteers visited families at night and explained that kitchen waste should not be mixed with plastic or batteries. They also told residents that clean bottles and paper could be reused or recycled. At first, the progress was slow. Some people forgot the rules, and some thought sorting took too much time. The committee did not give up. It added pictures on the bins, praised careful families and answered questions patiently. After one month, the area became much cleaner. The plan taught residents an important lesson. Garbage sorting is not finished by putting up bins only. It also needs clear information, steady services and daily practice. When people understand the benefits, they are more willing to change. 49. What problem did the community have before the plan? A. There were too many flowers. B. Garbage bags were piled beside old bins. C. The river had no bridge. D. Families had no books in the text. 50. What can we infer about the committee from Paragraph 3? A. It gave up quickly. B. It disliked careful families. C. It removed all pictures. D. It was patient and practical. 51. Why were pictures added on the bins? A. To make the rules easier to understand. B. To decorate the river in the text. C. To sell paper boxes in the text. D. To hide the smell in the text. 52. What is the main idea of the passage? A. A river became wider after rain. B. Batteries are useful for cooking. C. A community improved sorting through clear guidance. D. Residents moved to another city. 【答案】49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 【导语】本文讲述河边社区通过分类垃圾桶、入户讲解、图示提醒和耐心服务改善垃圾混投问题。 【详解】 49．细节理解。第一段说垃圾袋每天晚上堆在旧垃圾桶旁，故选B。 50．推理判断。进展慢时委员会没有放弃，而是增加图示、表扬和答疑，说明耐心且务实，故选D。 51．目的推断。图示能让居民更容易理解分类规则，故选A。 52．主旨大意。全文讲社区通过清晰指导和持续服务改善垃圾分类，故选C。 C The words garbage, trash, rubbish and waste are close in meaning, but they are not always used in the same way. In American English, people often use garbage and trash for materials that are thrown away. For example, people may say 'the smell of rotting garbage' or 'She threw the bottle into the trash.' These examples appear often in daily speech. In British English, rubbish is the usual everyday word. Garbage and trash can also appear in British English, but they are often informal or metaphorical. If someone says, 'The speech was nine tenths garbage,' the person does not mean there was real waste on the floor. The sentence means that most of the speech was useless or of poor quality. Waste is a more formal word. It refers to materials that are unused, rejected or unwanted. In environmental topics, waste is often connected with disposal, recycling and resource use. For example, packaging waste, food waste, household waste and industrial waste may need different ways of treatment. Understanding these words helps students read environmental texts more accurately. It also reminds them that language and action are connected. No matter which word is used, the real task is to reduce waste, reuse useful things and sort garbage properly in ordinary life. 53. Which words are commonly used in American English? A. Only folklore. B. Only dustbin. C. Only medicine. D. Garbage and trash. 54. What does 'The speech was nine tenths garbage' mean? A. The floor was full of bottles. B. Most of the speech was useless. C. The speaker sorted waste well. D. The speech was about farms. 55. Which word is more formal? A. Rubbish only. B. Trash only. C. Waste. D. Peel. 56. Why does the writer explain these words? A. To help students read environmental texts accurately. B. To ask students to stop speaking English. C. To prove rubbish is never used in Britain. D. To introduce a bottle factory. 【答案】53. D 54. B 55. C 56. A 【导语】本文辨析garbage、trash、rubbish和waste的使用差异，并联系环保主题说明减少、再用和分类的重要性。 【详解】 53．细节理解。第一段说明美式英语常用garbage和trash，故选D。 54．句意理解。第二段解释该句表示演讲大部分无用或质量差，故选B。 55．细节理解。第三段说Waste is a more formal word，故选C。 56．写作目的。最后一段说明理解这些词有助于准确阅读环保文本，故选A。 D Garbage sorting is becoming part of environmental education in many vocational schools. It is not only a topic in textbooks but also a practical skill for future work and daily life. Students in tourism, catering, community service and e-commerce may all need to know how to deal with waste responsibly in real workplaces and public spaces. In a school restaurant, students can learn to keep kitchen waste separate from plastic packaging. In a training hotel, they can collect used paper, bottles and old towels for recycling. In a community service project, they can explain sorting rules to elderly residents with simple words and pictures. These activities turn classroom knowledge into action. Garbage sorting also develops vocational qualities. Students practise communication when they persuade others politely. They practise problem solving when they design clear signs or arrange bins in convenient places. They practise responsibility when they check whether harmful waste is put into the correct bin. Of course, schools should avoid making sorting a one-day show. A useful plan needs regular lessons, clear duties, weekly checks and feedback. Teachers can connect the topic with ecological conservation and green development. If students form the habit early, they will carry it into workplaces and communities after graduation. In this way, vocational education can help build harmony between humanity and nature in ordinary communities. 57. Which major or field may need waste sorting knowledge? A. Moon travel. B. Catering. C. Ancient wars. D. Magic shows. 58. What can students do in a community service project? A. Explain sorting rules to elderly residents. B. Hide all pictures in the text. C. Stop recycling bottles in the text. D. Throw batteries into food waste. 59. What can we infer about garbage sorting in vocational schools? A. It is only for one-day shows. B. It has nothing to do with future jobs. C. It can train both skills and responsibility. D. It should replace all English lessons. 60. Which title best fits the passage? A. A Hotel Without Towels B. How to Sell Bottles Online C. The Colours of Old Maps D. Garbage Sorting as Vocational Education 【答案】57. B 58. A 59. C 60. D 【导语】本文说明垃圾分类在职业学校环保教育中的实践价值，以及其对沟通、问题解决和责任意识的培养作用。 【详解】 57．细节理解。第一段列举tourism, catering, community service and e-commerce，故选B。 58．细节理解。第二段说社区服务项目中可向老年居民解释分类规则，故选A。 59．推理判断。文章说明垃圾分类能培养沟通、解决问题和责任意识，故选C。 60．标题归纳。全文说明垃圾分类在职业教育中的实践价值，D项最合适，故选D。 第二节 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） A: We need to make a garbage sorting plan for our community. (61)______ B: The biggest problem is that some residents do not know the categories. A: Then we can print simple cards with examples. B: Good idea. (62)______ A: We should also ask the community to place bins closer to each building. B: Yes. Convenient bins can make sorting easier. A: What about city services? Some people think sorting is useless if trucks mix waste later. B: (63)______ A: You're right. Rules, services and education should work together. B: (64)______ A: Let's start with a short talk this Friday. B: Great. (65)______ A. We can also put clear pictures on each bin. B. What problem should we solve first? C. Reliable collection services are important too. D. Only in this way can garbage sorting become a long-term habit. E. I hope more neighbours will take action with us. 【答案】61. B 62. A 63. C 64. D 65. E 【导语】对话围绕制定社区垃圾分类计划，讨论居民分类知识不足、垃圾桶便利性、可靠收运服务和长期习惯培养。 【详解】 61．下文回答最大问题，说明上文询问先解决什么问题，故选B。 62．上文提到印制示例卡片，A项进一步说明在垃圾桶上放清晰图片，故选A。 63．上文提到收运混装会让人觉得分类无用，C项回应可靠收运服务也重要，故选C。 64．上文总结规则、服务和教育协同，D项说明只有这样分类才能成为长期习惯，故选D。 65．最后回应周五开短讲座，E项表达希望邻居一起行动，故选E。 第三部分 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征集题为“Make Garbage Sorting a Habit”的短文。请你写一篇不少于80词的英文短文，内容须包括： 1. 说明垃圾分类面临的一个困难；2. 提出解决办法；3. 谈谈垃圾分类的意义。 【范文】 Make Garbage Sorting a Habit Garbage sorting is useful, but it still faces some difficulties. For example, some people do not know how to sort different kinds of waste, so they throw everything together. To solve this problem, communities should put clear pictures on dustbins and offer simple instructions. Schools can also teach students that paper, plastic and glass are recyclable, while batteries and out-of-date drugs are harmful waste. Reliable collection services are important too. If sorted waste is collected properly, people will trust the system more. Garbage sorting can reduce the burden on the environment and help resources be reused. It is not a short campaign but a long-term habit for a greener life. 【词汇积累】make garbage sorting a habit让垃圾分类成为习惯；face difficulties面临困难；clear instructions清晰说明；reliable collection services可靠收运服务；a greener life更绿色的生活。 【句式拓展】If sorted waste is collected properly, people will trust the system more. 该句使用If条件句，并用一般将来时说明可靠收运服务带来的结果。 【点睛】范文围绕垃圾分类困难、解决办法和环保意义展开，问题意识明确，措施具体，适合训练“问题—办法—意义”类写作。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $