Unit 7 A Taste of Art -同步【语法】-A review of infinitives as the object等-复习和练习-2026-2027学年鲁教版(五四制)九年级全册

2026-08-28
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摘要:

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过知识框架图系统梳理了动词不定式的语法体系,将作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语及固定被动结构的用法按“定义-功能-搭配”逻辑分层呈现,并用表格归纳高频固定搭配(如plan to do、tell sb. to do)和易错点(否定式not to do、被动to还原),清晰展现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计,基础层通过单选(如tell sb. not to do辨析)夯实基础,提升层借助中译英(如“我们应该努力保护文化遗产”译为try to protect)强化表达,拓展层结合语法填空和书面表达(要求用2处不定式)提升综合运用能力。通过错题解析培养思维品质,书面表达指导提升语言能力,支持不同层次学生自主复习,助力教师实施精准分层教学。

内容正文:

Unit 7 A Taste of Art -同步【语法】 A review of infinitives as the object, adverbial, and object complement 【同步语法复习】 1、 语法核心归纳 (1) 近三年中考考情 1. 必考等级: 动词不定式为山东中考核心必考语法,每年稳定出题,覆盖单选、语法填空、句型转换、短文改错、书面表达五大题型。 2. 分值占比: 单题1分,整套试卷累计3–5分;书面表达使用不定式可提升句式丰富度,属于隐形提分点。 3. 高频命题角度 ① 不定式固定搭配辨析(plan/try/fail/expect/ask/tell sb. to do); ② 不定式作目的状语(中考最高频考点); ③ 被动固定结构:be thought/be made/be surprised to do; ④ 不定式否定形式 not to do(改错、单选高频陷阱); ⑤ 区分:哪些动词后必须带to、哪些省略to(重难点易错)。 (2) 本课重点归纳 1. 基本定义与结构 · 动词不定式基本形式:to + 动词原形 无任何人称、时态、单复数变化。在句中可作状语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等,是初中后期最核心的非谓语动词。 2. 本课四大必考句法功能 ① 作宾语(高频固定搭配) · 部分动词后只能接 to do 作宾语: plan to do 计划做;try to do 尽力做;fail to do 未能做; expect to do 期待做;hope to do 希望做;learn to do 学习做 ② 作宾语补足语 · 结构: sb. + 动词 + sb. + to do sth. · 必考动词: tell / ask / expect / want / allow sb. to do sth. · 否定结构: tell/ask sb. not to do sth. ③ 作目的状语、 · to do 放句首或句末,表动作目的,翻译为“为了……” · 特点: 可放句首用逗号隔开,也可放句尾;可与 in order to do 互换。 ④ 固定被动/系表结构中的不定式 · be surprised to do 做某事感到惊讶 · be thought to be 被认为是…… · be made to do sth. (物品)被用来做某事(被动不省略to) (3) 本课核心易错点 · 易错1: mustn’t / can’t 与不定式无关,不要混淆;本课所有使役、感官固定搭配一律不省略to。 · 易错2: 否定式永远是 not to do,没有 to not do 结构。 · 易错3: fail to do 本身含否定含义,翻译“未能、没能”,不可再加not。 2、 课本习题 (1) 本课习题4a 题目要求:划出不定式,标注成分:O(object 宾语);A(adverbial 状语);OC(object complement 宾语补足语) 1. What time do you want to meet? 标注:O 句意:你想什么时候见面? 解析:want to do sth. 是固定搭配,不定式to meet作动词want的宾语。 2. Ella really likes Chinese paintings, so I expect her to enjoy it. 标注:OC 句意:埃拉很喜欢中国画,所以我期待她会喜欢这幅作品。 解析:expect sb. to do sth.,her是宾语,不定式to enjoy用来补充说明宾语her的动作,属于宾语补足语。 3. They used their art to express their feelings. 标注:A 句意:他们用艺术来表达自己的情感。 解析:不定式to express说明 “使用艺术” 的目的,属于目的状语。 4. Qi Baishi only used a few simple brushstrokes to draw the shrimps. 标注:A 句意:齐白石只用简单几笔就画出了虾。 解析:不定式to draw表示 “运用笔墨” 的目的,属于目的状语。 (2) 本课习题4b 1. The museum volunteer told the lady not take photos here. 2. The professor rushed back to the lab get his laptop. 3. In order to keep healthy, he plans go on a diet. 4. I expect you knock on the door before you come in. 5. Could I ask you model for my painting? 1. 改正:The museum volunteer told the lady not to take photos here. 句意:博物馆志愿者告诉这位女士不要在这里拍照。 解析:tell sb. not to do sth. 为固定不定式宾补结构,to不可省略。 2. 改正:The professor rushed back to the lab to get his laptop. 句意:教授冲回实验室去拿他的笔记本电脑。 解析:不定式作目的状语,表赶回实验室的目的。 3. 改正:In order to keep healthy, he plans to go on a diet. 句意:为了保持健康,他计划节食。 解析:plan to do sth. 固定不定式宾语搭配。 4. 改正:I expect you to knock on the door before you come in. 句意:我希望你进来之前先敲门。 解析:expect sb. to do sth. 宾补固定搭配。 5. 改正:Could I ask you to model for my painting? 句意:我可以请你做我的绘画模特吗? 解析:ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事。 (3) 本课习题4c In October 2017, the world was surprised to hear that a Chinese porcelain bowl was sold in Hong Kong SAR, China, for $38 million. The bowl was small and made to wash brushes in. What made it so special? Of course, the bowl is thought to be very old and rare. But to understand its true value, you must look at its beauty. The bowl has small lines on it that shine like broken ice and remind people of snow and winter. Many artists over the centuries have tried and failed to achieve this effect. Chinese porcelain is commonly known in other countries as “china”. For centuries, China has been admired around the world for its artistic quality, and it stands out for its great beauty. Fine art always has a place in people’s hearts. 答案汇总: to hear; to wash; to be; to understand; shine; to achieve; known; stands 解析: 1. 答案:to hear 句意:2017 年 10 月,全世界震惊地获悉,一只中国瓷碗在中国香港以 3800 万美元成交。 解析:固定结构 be surprised to do sth.,不定式作原因状语,表示 “做某事感到惊讶”。 2. 答案:to wash 句意:这个瓷碗很小,是用来涮笔的。 解析:固定结构 be made to do sth.(被动形式),意为 “被用来做某事”,不定式作目的状语;主动形式 make 后省略 to,被动必须还原 to。 3. 答案:to be 句意:当然,这只瓷碗被认为年代久远、十分稀有。 解析:固定结构 be thought to be…,意为 “被认为是……”,是本课核心不定式结构。 4. 答案:to understand 句意:但是要理解它真正的价值,你必须欣赏它的美感。 解析:不定式 to understand 置于句首,作目的状语,翻译为 “为了……”。 5. 答案:shine 句意:碗上带有细纹,这些纹路如同碎冰般闪耀,让人联想到冰雪与冬日。 解析:that 引导定语从句,先行词 small lines 是复数;句子为一般现在时,谓语动词用原形 shine。 6. 答案:to achieve 句意:数百年来,众多艺术家尝试过,却没能做出这种效果。 解析:固定搭配 fail to do sth.,意为 “未能做成某事”,不定式作宾语。 7. 答案:known 句意:中国瓷器在其他国家通常被叫做 “china”。 解析:固定短语 be known as,意为 “被称作;作为…… 而出名”,属于被动结构,用过去分词 known。 8. 答案:stands 句意:几个世纪以来,中国因其艺术品质享誉全球,并且凭借极致的美感脱颖而出。 解析:主语 it 指代 Chinese porcelain,是单数;本句为一般现在时,谓语动词使用三单形式 stands,stand out 是固定短语,意为 “突出,脱颖而出”。 (4) 本课习题4d(参考标准例句) 1. I think people create art to express their feelings and culture. 2. Art museums are built to show precious traditional works. 3. I prefer artists who try to create unique and warm works. 4. In the future, I expect to learn more about Chinese traditional art. 【同步语法练习】 ——基础层—— 1、 单项选择 1. —What did the guide tell visitors? —He told them ______ touch the ancient paintings in the gallery. A. don’t B. not to C. to not D. not 2. —Why do you go to the library every weekend? —I go there ______ some materials about paper-cutting. A. collect B. collecting C. to collect D. collected 3. —What’s your plan for the coming holiday? —I plan ______ the Sanxingdui Museum with my parents. A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. visited 4. —Could you ask Tom ______ me with the poster about traditional art? —No problem. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped 5. —What do you expect ______ from the art lesson? —I hope to learn to draw Chinese ink paintings. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 6. —Why did he look upset? —Because he failed ______ the old pot well in the experiment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 2、 用所给词适当形式填空 1. We are surprised ______ (see) such a wonderful bronze mirror from the Han Dynasty. 2. This small box is thought ______ (hold) old jade pieces hundreds of years ago. 3. Workers tried their best ______ (keep) the ancient building well during repair. 4. The special tool was made ______ (dig) holes for ancient farmers. 5. To know the history better, you need ______ (read) more records of that time. 6. The teacher told us ______ (not, take) photos of the cultural relics. ——提升层—— 1、 判断正误 T/F(错误写出改正句子) 1. The scientist expected the new test find more information of the ancient tomb. 2. Many people visit the museum to enjoy the beauty of ancient art. 3. He failed finish the report about Chinese porcelain before the deadline. 4. The old silk is thought to be over one thousand years old. 5. We asked the guide tell us more stories of the old paintings. 6. To learn traditional art well, you need to keep practicing every day. 2、 中译英(必须使用本课 to do 不定式) 1. 我们应该努力保护这些珍贵的文化遗产。 2. 这个陶罐被认为是唐代的物品。 3. 他去古城是为了收集民间艺术素材。 4. 老师要求我们不要触摸展厅里的文物。 5. 我期待了解更多传统剪纸的知识。 6. 工人们没能修复好这幅破损的古画。 ——拓展层—— 1、 语法填空 阅读短文,用括号内单词的正确形式填空 Many young people go to art museums ______ (enjoy) traditional Chinese works. Last week, a student group visited a local museum. The guide told them ______ (keep) quiet and not ______ (touch) any exhibits. One bronze statue in the hall is thought ______ (be) from the Warring States Period. Experts tried ______ (study) its history, but they failed ______ (find) clear written records. To know more about it, the museum plans ______ (invite) famous archaeologists to do further research. It is necessary for us ______ (pass) down our traditional art. We hope more teenagers will learn ______ (understand) the beauty of old works. 2、 书面表达 题目:The Beauty of Traditional Chinese Art 写作要点: 1. 词数:80–120 词左右; 2. 内容要点: ① 如今很多人走进博物馆,欣赏各类传统艺术品; ② 我们青少年需要主动学习、了解传统艺术; ③ 我们应该尽力传承这份珍贵的民族文化; 3. 语法要求:文中至少合理使用 2 处动词不定式(to do)结构; 4. 语言规范,语句通顺,可适当补充合理细节。 参考答案和解析 ——基础层—— 一、 单项选择 1. 【答案】B 句意:—— 导游告诉游客什么?—— 他告诉他们不要触碰展馆里的古画。 解析:tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事,不定式否定结构。 2. 【答案】C 句意:—— 你为什么每周末去图书馆?—— 我去那里搜集一些剪纸相关资料。 解析:不定式to collect作目的状语,表去图书馆的目的。 3. 【答案】B 句意:—— 你假期有什么计划?—— 我计划和父母参观三星堆博物馆。 解析:plan to do sth. 计划做某事,固定不定式搭配。 4. 【答案】C 句意:—— 你能请 Tom 帮我制作传统艺术主题海报吗?—— 没问题。 解析:ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事。 5. 【答案】B 句意:—— 你期待从美术课收获什么?—— 我希望学习画水墨画。 解析:expect to do sth. 期待做某事。 6. 【答案】B 句意:—— 他为什么闷闷不乐?—— 因为他没能在实验中妥善保护这个古陶罐。 解析:fail to do sth. 未能做成某事。 二、 用所给词适当形式填空 1. 【答案】to see 句意:我们很惊讶能见到这样一面精美的汉代铜镜。 解析:be surprised to do sth. 不定式作原因状语。 2. 【答案】to hold 句意:这个小盒子被认为在数百年前用来存放古玉器。 解析:be thought to do 被认为…… 3. 【答案】to keep 句意:修缮期间,工人们尽全力保护这座古建筑。 解析:try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事。 4. 【答案】to dig 句意:这件特殊工具是古时农民用来挖坑的。 解析:be made to do sth. 某物被用来做某事。 5. 【答案】to read 句意:想要更好了解这段历史,你需要阅读更多当时的记载。 解析:need to do sth. 需要做某事。 6. 【答案】not to take 句意:老师告诉我们不要拍摄文物照片。 解析:tell sb. not to do sth. 不定式否定形式。 ——提升层—— 一、 判断正误 T/F(错误写出改正句子) 1. 【答案】F 改正:The scientist expected the new test to find more information of the ancient tomb. 句意:这位科学家期待这项新检测能发现更多古墓的信息。 解析:expect sb./sth. to do,缺少不定式符号 to。 2. 【答案】T 句意:很多人参观博物馆,欣赏古代艺术之美。 解析:to enjoy不定式作目的状语,用法正确。 3. 【答案】F 改正:He failed to finish the report about Chinese porcelain before the deadline. 句意:他没能在截止日期前完成这份关于中国瓷器的报告。 解析:fail to do sth. 固定搭配,缺少 to。 4. 【答案】T 句意:这块古丝绸被认为已有上千年历史。 解析:be thought to be 固定结构,不定式使用正确。 5. 【答案】F 改正:We asked the guide to tell us more stories of the old paintings. 句意:我们请导游给我们讲讲这些古画背后更多故事。 解析:ask sb. to do sth.,缺少不定式符号 to。 6. 【答案】T 句意:想要学好传统艺术,你需要坚持每日练习。 解析:句首不定式作目的状语,语法正确。 二、 中译英(必须使用本课 to do 不定式) 1. 【答案】We should try to protect these precious cultural relics. 解析:try to do sth. 尽力做某事,本课核心不定式搭配。 2. 【答案】The clay pot is thought to be from the Tang Dynasty. 解析:be thought to be 固定不定式结构。 3. 【答案】He went to the ancient city to collect materials of folk art. 解析:to collect 不定式作目的状语。 4. 【答案】The teacher asked us not to touch the relics in the exhibition hall. 解析:ask sb. not to do sth. 不定式否定结构。 5. 【答案】I expect to learn more about traditional paper-cutting. 解析:expect to do sth. 期待做某事。 6. 【答案】The workers failed to repair the broken ancient painting. 解析:fail to do sth. 没能做成某事。 ——拓展层—— 一、 语法填空 1. 答案:to enjoy 句意:许多年轻人前往美术馆欣赏中国传统艺术品。 解析:不定式to enjoy作目的状语,说明年轻人去美术馆的目的,是本单元 to do 核心考点。 2. 答案:to keep 句意:导游告诉他们保持安静。 解析:固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事),不定式作宾语补足语。 3. 答案:to touch 句意:导游告诉他们保持安静,并且不要触碰任何展品。 解析:固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.(告诉某人不要做某事),and 并列两个宾补结构,not to touch和前面to keep保持结构一致。 4. 答案:to be 句意:大厅里的一座青铜雕像被认为来自战国时期。 解析:固定结构be thought to be…(被认为是……),是课本重点不定式结构。 5. 答案:to study 句意:专家们尽力去研究它的历史。 解析:try to do sth. 意为 “尽力 / 努力做某事”,不定式作宾语,侧重付出努力去完成目标。 6. 答案:to find 句意:但是他们没能找到清晰的文字记载。 解析:固定搭配fail to do sth.(未能做成某事),不定式作宾语。 7. 答案:to invite 句意:为了更多地了解它,博物馆计划邀请知名考古学家开展进一步研究。 解析:plan to do sth.(计划做某事),不定式作宾语。 8. 答案:to pass 句意:我们有必要传承我们的传统艺术。 解析:固定句型It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.,it 为形式主语,不定式to pass是句子真正的主语。 9. 答案:to understand 句意:我们希望更多青少年学会感受古文物之美。 解析:learn to do sth.(学习 / 学会做某事),不定式作宾语。 二、 书面表达 参考范文 The Beauty of Traditional Chinese Art Nowadays, lots of people go to museums to enjoy traditional Chinese art. Many old works, such as porcelain and ink paintings, are thought to carry our ancient culture. We need to learn more about them to understand their beauty. Young people should try to spread these treasures to more people. We expect more kids to fall in love with traditional art. It is our duty to pass down our great culture. If we keep working on it, our traditional art will shine forever. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 7 A Taste of Art -同步【语法】-A review of infinitives as the object等-复习和练习-2026-2027学年鲁教版(五四制)九年级全册
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Unit 7 A Taste of Art -同步【语法】-A review of infinitives as the object等-复习和练习-2026-2027学年鲁教版(五四制)九年级全册
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Unit 7 A Taste of Art -同步【语法】-A review of infinitives as the object等-复习和练习-2026-2027学年鲁教版(五四制)九年级全册
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