Unit 1 Personal and Family Life-Culture Understanding阅读精讲-《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）

该中职英语课件围绕跨文化背景下的姓名文化展开，核心知识点包括中英文姓名顺序差异、称呼礼仪及取名方式文化对比。通过对比Tom Smith与Li Hua的姓名结构导入，逐步延伸至词汇变形（如usual→usually）、短语用法（如the other way around）及语法规则（如“usually”位置），构建从文化现象到语言知识的学习支架。 其亮点在于以文化意识为核心，通过中英文姓名、称呼、取名方式的对比分析，帮助学生理解文化差异并涵养跨文化沟通能力。同时系统讲解词汇（如address的动名两用）、短语（如name after）及语法，提升语言能力，配套填空、单选及阅读理解练习促进思维品质发展。小结部分梳理必背单词短语，便于学生巩固，教师可直接利用结构化内容提升教学效率。

Unit 1 Personal and Family Life Culture Understanding Language points 高教版中职英语-基础模块1（第三版） 目录 CONTENTS 01 02 03 Language points Summary Exercise Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. English‑speaking adj. 说英语的 Chinese‑speaking adj. 讲中文的 French‑speaking adj. 说法语的 用法：放在名词前面作定语 eg. English‑speaking countries 说英语的国家 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. usual adj. → usually adv. → unusual adj. 不寻常的 位置：usually 一般放在实义动词前，be 动词后 eg. People usually get up early. 人们通常早起。 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. put v. 放；放置 put — put — put（原形 / 过去式 / 过去分词同形） put A before B 把 A 放在 B 的前面 eg. Please put your books before your notebook. 请把你的书放在笔记本前面。 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. first name = given name 名 family name = last name = surname 姓 full name 全名 西方国家：名在前，姓在后 eg：Tom Smith → Tom（名 first/given name），Smith（姓 family/last name） 中国：姓在前，名在后，例：Li Hua → Li（姓 family/last name），Hua（名 first/given name） Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. family n. 家庭；家人 ① 指家庭整体，谓语动词用单数； eg. My family is a big one. 我的家庭是个大家庭。（整体） families（复数） ② 指家里各个家庭成员，谓语动词用复数。 eg. My family like watching TV. 我的家人喜欢看电视。（成员） 句意：在英语国家，人们通常把名字放在姓氏前面。 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. the other way around 恰恰相反；反过来 eg. In some countries wives take husbands’ family name, in some it is the other way around. 在一些国家妻子随丈夫姓，另一些国家正好相反。 句意：在中国，大多数人的做法正好相反--他们把姓氏放在前面。 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. show sb. sth = show sth to sb 给某人看某物 Please show me your ticket. = Please show your ticket to me. 请出示你的票给我看。 show sb. around… 带某人参观…… I will show you around our school. 我会带你参观我们学校。 show up 出现，露面 show off 炫耀，卖弄 on show 在展出 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. important adj.重要的 → importance n.重要性 the importance of … …… 的重要性 eg. We know the importance of learning English. 我们知道学习英语的重要性。 Language points In English-speaking countries, people usually put their first name (given name) before their family name (last name). In China, most people do it the other way around —they put their family name first. This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture. 复数：cultures 形容词：cultural 文化的 Chinese culture 中国文化；traditional culture 传统文化 句意：这体现了家庭在中国文化中的重要性。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. address /əˈdres/ v. 称呼；对…… 讲话 address sb. 称呼某人 eg. We should address the old man politely. 我们应该礼貌地称呼这位老人。 address n. 地址 eg. Please write down your address. 请写下你的地址。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. the same way 同样的方式 in the same way 用同样的方式 in different ways 用不同的方式 eg. They solve the problem in the same way. 他们用同样的方式解决这个问题。 句意：在英语和中文中，人们称呼他人的方式是相似的。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. formal /ˈfɔːml/adj. 正式的 反义词：informal adj. 非正式的 formal situations 正式场合；formal meeting 正式会议 eg. Wear suits in formal situations. 在正式场合穿西装。 in formal situations 在正式场合 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. full /fʊl/adj. 全部的，完整的 full name 全名 拓展：be full of … 充满…… eg. The box is full of books. 箱子装满了书。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. add A before / to B 把 A 加到 B 前面 / 上面 add Mr.… before the family name 把先生加在姓氏前面 eg. Please add some sugar to the coffee. 请往咖啡里加点糖。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. Mr. /ˈmɪstə(r)/ 先生 男性（不论婚否）+ 姓氏 Mrs. /ˈmɪsɪz/ 夫人 已婚女性 + 姓氏 Miss /mɪs/ 小姐 未婚女性 + 姓氏 Ms. /mɪz/ 女士 不清楚婚姻状况的女性 + 姓氏 句意：在正式场合，他们使用全名，比如张宇辰或安娜·史密斯，并且经常在姓氏前加上先生、太太、小姐或女士等称谓。 Language points People address others the same way in English and Chinese. In formal situations, they use a person’s full name, like Zhang Yuchen or Anna Smith, and they often add Mr., Mrs., Miss, or Ms. before the family name. Between friends, they can just use first names, like Yuchen or Anna. between：两者之间  among：三者及以上之间 句意：朋友之间可以直接使用名字，比如宇辰或安娜。 between A and B 在 A 和 B 两者之间 eg. She sits between Tom and me. 她坐在汤姆和我中间。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. however /haʊˈevə(r)/adv. 然而；可是 表转折 but 是连词，直接连接句子；however 是副词，不能直接连接两个句子。 eg. It is hard. However, we can finish it. 这很难。然而我们可以完成。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. the ways of doing sth 做某事的方式 同义短语：the ways to do sth the ways to name children = the ways of naming children 句意：然而，给孩子起名的方式是不同的。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. sometime adv. 某个时候（过去 / 将来） sometimes adv. 有时（频度副词） some time 一段时间（名词短语） some times 几次，几倍 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. name sb after sb 依照…… 给某人取名 name v. 给…… 取名；命名 eg. They named their son after Tom. 他们参照 Tom（这个人）的名字给儿子取名。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. be famous as 作为…… 而出名（身份） be famous for 因…… 而出名（内因、特产、特点） eg. Hangzhou is famous for West Lake. 杭州因西湖而出名。 eg. Lu Xun is famous as a writer. 鲁迅作为一名作家而出名。 句意：在英语国家，人们有时会以自己亲戚或名人的名字来给孩子命名。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. uncommon adj. 不常见的，罕见的 common /ˈkɒmən/adj. 常见的；普遍的；共同的 eg. This kind of bird is very common here. 这种鸟在这里很常见。 句意：在中国，这种做法并不常见。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. choose — chose(过去式) — chosen(过去分词) choose /tʃuːz/v. 选择，挑选 choose sth 选择某物；choose to do sth 选择去做某事 eg. She chooses a nice gift. 她选了一份漂亮的礼物。 eg. He chooses to stay at home. 他选择待在家里。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. mean v. 意思是，意味着 → meaning n. 含义→meaningful adj.有意义的 meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/n. 意义，含义 eg. What’s the meaning of this word? 这个单词是什么意思？ eg. He chooses to stay at home. 他选择待在家里。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. pleasant 令人愉悦的（修饰事物）；pleased 感到高兴的（修饰人） pleasant /ˈpleznt/adj. 令人愉快的；悦耳的，好听的 eg. pleasant sounds 悦耳的声音 eg. a pleasant trip 一次愉快的旅行 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. by 后面接动词要用‑ing 形式，表示 “凭借、通过某种方式” by doing sth 通过做某事 eg. You learn English by reading. 你通过阅读学英语。 Language points However, the ways of naming children are different. In English-speaking countries, people sometimes name their children after themselves, their relatives, or famous people. In China, this is not very common. Chinese parents often choose names (with good or beautiful meanings, pleasant sounds), or by following family traditions. traditional adj. 传统的 tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/n. 传统 eg. family traditions 家族传统；traditional culture 传统文化 句意：中国父母通常会选择有美好寓意的名字、听起来悦耳的名字，或者遵循家族传统来起名。 Summary 一、必背单词 English‑speaking adj. 说英语的 usually adv. 通常  → usual adj. 通常的；unusual adj. 不寻常的 address /əˈdres/v. 称呼；n. 地址  → addressed (过去式) formal adj. 正式的  → informal adj. 非正式的 situation n. 场合，情况  → situations (复数) full adj. 完整的  → full name 全名 add v. 添加  → added (过去式) just adv. 仅仅，只是 however adv. 然而，可是 name v. 命名；n. 名字  → named (过去式)；naming (现在分词) sometimes adv. 有时 Summary 一、必背单词 themselves pron. 他们自己（反身代词） relative n. 亲戚  → relatives (复数) famous adj. 著名的  → fame n. 名声 common adj. 普遍的，常见的  → uncommon adj. 不常见的 choose v. 选择  → chose (过去式)；chosen (过去分词) meaning n. 含义  → mean v. 意味着；meanings (复数) pleasant adj. 悦耳的，令人愉快的 follow v. 遵循，跟随  → following (现在分词) tradition n. 传统  → traditions (复数)；traditional adj. 传统的 Summary 二、必背短语 first name /given name 名 family name /last name 姓 the other way around 恰恰相反 the importance of … …… 的重要性 in the same way 以同样的方式 in formal situations 在正式场合 add … before … 把…… 加在…… 之前 name sb after sb 依照…… 给某人取名 the ways of doing sth 做某事的方式 by doing sth 通过做某事 follow family traditions 遵循家族传统 Exercise 1. The article shows the ___________ (important) of family in Chinese culture. 2. In some western countries, parents enjoy ________ (name) their kids after famous people. 3. You can improve your skills by ________ (follow) these useful rules. 4. He ________ (choose) a name with beautiful meanings for his baby daughter yesterday. 5. In many ________________ (English‑speak) countries, Mr. is put before the family name. 一、填空 naming importance following chose English‑speaking Exercise 6．Chinese people put family name first, while in English‑speaking countries it is ________. A. the other way around B. on the other hand C. in the same way D. at the same time 7. When we meet important guests, we should use full names ________ formal situations. A. on B. in C. at D. for 8. The little boy ________ after his great‑uncle by his parents. A. named B. names C. was named D. is naming 9. —Why do many Chinese parents pick certain names? —They hope the names have good ________. A. meanings B. traditions C. relatives D. situations 10. ________ difficult the task seems, we will never give up. A．Whatever B．However C．Wherever D．Whoever 二、单选 Exercise Different Names, Different Cultures In English-speaking countries, people usually have two names: a first name (given name) and a last name (family name). For example, “Thomas Green”—“Thomas” is the first name and “Green” is the last name. The first name comes before the last name. People often use short forms of first names. For example, “Thomas” can be “Tom”, and “Elizabeth” can be “Liz” or “Beth”. In China, the order is different. In the name “Wang Fang”, “Wang” is the family name and “Fang” is the given name. Chinese people also have nicknames (绰号) for friends and family. But they are usually different from English nicknames. In some places, names have special meanings. In many African cultures, names may tell the time or season a child was born. For example, a child born on a rainy day may be named “Rain”. In some Asian cultures, names may show what parents hope for the child, like “Strong” or “Smart”. When we meet new people, it’s important to ask, “What’s your full name?” and “How do you spell it?” This shows respect (尊重) and helps us remember names correctly. 三、阅读理解 Exercise 1．In English names, “Thomas Green”, “Green” is the ________. A．first name B．given name C．family name 2．In China, the given name comes ________. A．first B．last C．in the middle 3．In some African cultures, names may tell ________. A．what the child likes B．the time or season a child was born C．where the child lives 4．According to the passage, which is TRUE? A．English people never use short forms of names. B．Chinese names have the same order as English names. C．Names in different cultures can have different meanings. 5．What does the writer suggest when we meet new people? A．Ask “What’s your hobby?” B．Ask “What’s your full name?” and “How do you spell it?” C．Ask “How old are you?” 三、阅读理解 感谢大家观看 PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND WATCHING $