Unit 3 Famous People.Lesson 3（知识清单）-2026-2027学年重大版英语五年级上册

该小学英语知识清单系统梳理了重大版五上Unit 3 Lesson 3内容，涵盖单元主题“永不放弃，热爱生命”、核心词汇、重点短语、核心句型、语法点及海伦·凯勒生平时间线，搭建从基础语言要素到语用能力再到主题意义理解的递进式学习支架。 清单以“★重点标注”“易错提示”“记忆技巧”等特色设计构建知识体系，如核心句型“the first...to do sth.”标注为重点并附实例解析，语法点中不规则动词过去式配“o→a变化”等记忆提示，时间线表格清晰梳理生平事件，助力学生提升语言能力和思维品质，既方便学生自主复习，也为教师教学提供精准支持。

重大版五上 Unit 3 Famous People. Lesson 3知识清单与详解 一、单元主题 Never Give Up, Love Life（永不放弃，热爱生命） 本课以时间线（timeline）的形式介绍了美国著名作家、教育家海伦·凯勒（Helen Keller）的一生。她出生后不久就变得又聋又瞎，但她没有放弃，学会了读写，上了大学，写了书，还发表演讲帮助其他盲聋人。课文还配有赞美海伦的小诗和她的名言。本课旨在引导学生学习海伦·凯勒身残志坚、永不放弃、热爱生命的精神，同时复习一般过去时和学习合成词。 二、核心词汇详解 序号 单词 音标 词性 释义 搭配 / 例句 1 blind /blaɪnd/ adj. 失明的；瞎的 be blind 失明的 the blind 盲人（总称） deaf and blind 又聋又瞎 She became blind. 2 born /bɔːn/ v. 出生（bear的过去分词） be born 出生 was born in 1880 出生于1880年 be born in + 年份/地点 Helen was born in 1880. 3 college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 大学；学院 finish college 完成大学学业 at the college 在大学里 go to college 上大学 She finished college in 1904. 4 deaf /def/ adj. 聋的 be deaf 聋的 the deaf 聋人（总称） deaf and blind 又聋又瞎 She became deaf. 5 life /laɪf/ n. 一生；生命；生活 in one's life 在某人的一生中 love life 热爱生活 复数：lives Love was in Helen's life. 6 speech /spiːtʃ/ n. 演讲；讲话 make a speech/make speeches 发表演讲 give a speech 做演讲 复数：speeches She made speeches to help others. 易错提示： ① be born 表示"出生"，常用一般过去时 was/were born，因为出生是过去发生的动作。 ② the blind / the deaf 表示"盲人/聋人"这一类人，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数。 ③ life 的复数是 lives（变 fe 为 v 加 es），类似的还有 knife→knives, leaf→leaves。 ④ speech 的复数是 speeches（以 ch 结尾加 es），动词形式是 speak（说）。 三、重点短语 短语 释义 例句 the timeline of... ……的时间线 This is the timeline of Helen Keller. was born 出生 Helen was born in 1880. became deaf and blind 变得又聋又瞎 She became deaf and blind in 1882. soon after she was born 她出生后不久 Helen was deaf and blind soon after she was born. learned to read and write 学会了读写 She learned to read and write in 1887. wrote her first book 写了她的第一本书 She wrote her first book in 1903. became the first deaf-blind to finish college 成为第一个完成大学学业的聋盲人 She became the first deaf-blind to finish college. finish college 完成大学学业 She finished college in 1904. made speeches 发表演讲 She made speeches to help the blind and deaf. help the blind and deaf 帮助盲聋人 She made speeches to help the blind and deaf. died in her sleep 在睡梦中去世 She died in her sleep in 1968. in one's life 在某人的一生中 Love was in Helen's life. like a star in the sky 像天空中的星星 She was like a star in the sky. like the rainbow in the sky 像天空中的彩虹 Love was like the rainbow in the sky. 四、核心句型 句型 1：be born 出生 Helen was born in 1880. 海伦出生于1880年。 结构：主语 + was/were born + in + 年份/地点. be born 表示"出生"，因为出生是过去发生的，所以常用一般过去时 was/were born。 主语是单数用 was born，主语是复数用 were born。 例句：I was born in 2015. / They were born in Shanghai. / She was born on June 1st. 句型 2：become + 形容词（变得……） She became deaf and blind. 她变得又聋又瞎。 结构：主语 + became + 形容词. become 意为"变成、变得"，过去式是 became（不规则变化）。 become 后可接形容词或名词，表示状态或身份的变化。 例句：He became angry. / She became a teacher. / The sky became dark. 句型 3：learn to do sth. 学会做某事 She learned to read and write. 她学会了读写。 结构：主语 + learned/learnt + to + 动词原形. learn to do sth. 意为"学会做某事"，强调通过学习掌握了某种技能。 learn 的过去式有两种：learned（美式）或 learnt（英式），都正确。 对比：learn doing sth. 学习做某事（正在学）；learn to do sth. 学会做某事（已掌握）。 例句：I learned to swim last summer. / She learned to play the piano. 句型 4：the first...to do sth. 第一个做某事的…… ★重点 She became the first deaf-blind to finish college. 她成为第一个完成大学学业的聋盲人。 结构：主语 + be/become + the first + (名词) + to + 动词原形. the first...to do sth. 意为"第一个做某事的……"，不定式作后置定语。 序数词（first, second...）后常用不定式作定语。 例句：He is the first boy to come to school. / She was the first woman to win the prize. / I'm the first to finish the test. 句型 5：make speeches to do sth. 发表演讲做某事 She made speeches to help the blind and deaf. 她发表演讲来帮助盲聋人。 结构：主语 + made speeches + to + 动词原形. make speeches 意为"发表演讲"（make a speech 单数形式）。 to help... 是动词不定式作目的状语，表示发表演讲的目的。 make 的过去式是 made（不规则变化）。 例句：He made a speech to encourage us. / She made speeches to raise money. 句型 6：die in one's sleep 在睡梦中去世 She died in her sleep in 1968. 她于1968年在睡梦中去世。 结构：主语 + died + 介词短语 + 时间. die 意为"去世、死亡"，过去式是 died（规则变化，以 e 结尾加 d）。 in one's sleep 意为"在睡梦中"，是固定搭配。 注意：die 是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用。表示"去世多久了"用 be dead。 例句：He died in 2020. / She died peacefully. / The old man died in his sleep. 五、语法点精讲 1. 一般过去时——不规则动词过去式 ★重点 本课出现了多个不规则动词的过去式，需要特别记忆。 原形 过去式 课文例句 记忆提示 be (am/is) was Helen was born in 1880. be 动词过去式 become became She became deaf and blind. o→a 变化 learn learned/learnt She learned to read and write. 规则/不规则均可 write wrote She wrote her first book. i→o 变化 make made She made speeches. a→a 变化，去e die died She died in her sleep. 规则变化，以e结尾加d finish finished She finished college. 规则变化，加 -ed 2. 合成词（Compounding） 合成词是由两个或多个单词组合在一起构成的新词。 合成词 构成 含义 课文例句 timeline time（时间）+ line（线） 时间线 This is the timeline of Helen Keller. deaf-blind deaf（聋的）+ blind（瞎的） 又聋又瞎的 the first deaf-blind to finish college classroom class（班级）+ room（房间） 教室 拓展词汇 blackboard black（黑色）+ board（板） 黑板 拓展词汇 homework home（家）+ work（工作） 家庭作业 拓展词汇 sunshine sun（太阳）+ shine（光） 阳光 拓展词汇 合成词的构成方式： ① 直接合并：class + room = classroom ② 用连字符连接：deaf + - + blind = deaf-blind ③ 合成词的含义通常可以从组成部分推测出来。 3. 不定式作目的状语和后置定语 动词不定式（to + 动词原形）在句中可以作多种成分，本课出现了两种： ① 作目的状语：表示动作的目的 例句：She made speeches to help the blind and deaf.（to help 表示发表演讲的目的） 翻译：她发表演讲（为了）帮助盲聋人。 ② 作后置定语：修饰前面的名词/代词 例句：the first deaf-blind to finish college（to finish college 修饰 the first deaf-blind） 翻译：第一个完成大学学业的聋盲人 注意：不定式作定语时，放在被修饰的名词/代词之后，称为"后置定语"。 常见结构：the first/second...to do sth.; something to eat; a lot of work to do 4. 时间介词 in / on / at 的用法 表示时间时，in、on、at 各有不同的用法。 介词 用法 课文例句/拓展 in 年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上 in 1880 / in 1903 / in the morning on 具体的某一天、星期几、日期 on June 27th, 1880 / on Monday at 具体的时刻、钟点 at 9 o'clock / at noon / at night 课文例句：Helen was born in 1880. / She died in 1968.（年份前用 in） 拓展：Helen Keller was born on June 27, 1880.（具体日期前用 on） 六、海伦·凯勒生平时间线（P.38） 预测题答案：A. timeline（时间线） 解析：课文以时间轴的形式展示了海伦·凯勒一生中的重要事件，所以这是 timeline（时间线），而不是 life story（生活故事）。 年份 事件 原文 解析 1880 出生 was born 海伦·凯勒出生。be born 出生，用一般过去时 was born。 1882 变得又聋又瞎 became deaf and blind became 是 become 的过去式（不规则）；deaf and blind 又聋又瞎；此时她约2岁。 1887 学会读写 learned to read and write learned to do sth. 学会做某事；在老师安妮·沙利文的帮助下学会了读写。 1903 写了第一本书 wrote her first book wrote 是 write 的过去式（不规则）；her first book 她的第一本书《我的生活》。 1904 成为第一个完成大学学业的聋盲人 became the first deaf-blind to finish college the first...to do sth. 第一个做某事的……；deaf-blind 合成词；finish college 完成大学学业。 1924 发表演讲帮助盲聋人 made speeches to help the blind and deaf made speeches 发表演讲（made 是 make 的过去式）；to help 不定式作目的状语；the blind and deaf 盲聋人（the+形容词表一类人）。 1968 在睡梦中去世 died in her sleep died 是 die 的过去式（规则，以e结尾加d）；in her sleep 在睡梦中；享年88岁。 事件排序（P.39） 顺序 事件 年份 1 Helen was deaf and blind soon after she was born. 1882 2 Helen began to learn reading and writing. 1887 3 Helen wrote her first book in 1903. 1903 4 Helen finished her study at the college in 1904. 1904 5 Helen made speeches to help the blind and deaf people. 1924 6 Helen died in 1968. 1968 赞美小诗与海伦名言（P.40） 小诗：Love was in Helen's life 英文 中文 解析 Love was in Helen's life, 爱在海伦的生命中， in one's life 在某人的一生中 Like the rainbow in the sky. 就像天空中的彩虹。 like 像……一样；rainbow 彩虹 She was deaf and blind, 她又聋又瞎， deaf and blind 又聋又瞎 But she was like a star in the sky. 但她就像天空中的一颗星星。 but 表转折；like a star 像星星一样闪耀 海伦·凯勒名言： ① "Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see the shadows." 把脸朝向阳光，你就看不到阴影。—— 寓意：保持积极乐观的心态，就能远离消极和黑暗。 ② "Knowledge is love and light and vision." 知识就是爱、光明和远见。—— 寓意：知识能给人带来爱、光明和洞察力。 主旨启示：海伦·凯勒虽然又聋又瞎，但她没有向命运低头，而是用顽强的毅力学会了读写，上了大学，写了书，还帮助了许多人。她的故事告诉我们：无论遇到多大的困难，都要永不放弃、热爱生命、保持乐观，知识和爱能带来光明和力量。 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $