Unit 5 Period 1 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步教参（人教版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础巩固+能力提升”分层设计，实现从词汇、句型到语篇的渐进式知识巩固，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础知识巩固练|词形转换、固定搭配、句型转换、主题语篇理解|按语言要素分维度设题，如维度一聚焦动词形式变换，维度四改编教材主题文本，强化基础与教材关联| |综合能力提升练|阅读理解（跨文化/科普主题）、完形填空（叙事语篇）、语法填空（社会热点）|选用真实语境语篇，如“昆虫农场减排”“脆皮大学生”话题，融合推理判断与语言运用，提升综合思维|

[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and devotion(devote) can lead to sporting excellence. 2．Researchers have found clear and convincing(convince) evidence that happiness is the key to better health and longer lives. 3．Assuming(assume) that the weather remains stable, we plan to hold the outdoor festival as scheduled. 4．The estimated(estimate) time of arrival for the flight is 7 p．m., although delays can occur due to weather conditions. 5．The house comprising(comprise) two bedrooms, a kitchen and a living room has been sold. 6．In some remote areas, farmers continue to use conventional(convention) methods to grow crops instead of modern machines. 7．Farmers often face natural crises(crisis) such as droughts and floods, but they always try their best to protect their crops. 8．The expansion(expand) of the local airport has greatly improved transportation efficiency and promoted the development of tourism in the region. 9．It is not good for our health to eat too much salty(salt) food, especially for people with high blood pressure. 10．The long drought led to a severe shortage(short) of water in the village, so the government sent water trucks to help the villagers. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．Only by experiencing the hardship of life can we learn to understand and care for others, forming good labor habits. 2．All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting(protect) the ocean.To protect the ocean is to protect ourselves. 3．She tried hard to convince her parents to let(let) her travel abroad alone, but they were still concerned about her safety. 4．It was estimated that the cost to rebuild the stadium would be $8 million, so we should adjust the previous design. 5．Considering(consider) there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still optimistic about the future of VR? 6．His parents were overcome with/by great sorrow at his grandpa's funeral. 7．I suggest you take the forms away and read them at your leisure. 8．He seems very confident and outgoing in public, but in reality, he is a shy person who enjoys spending time alone. 9．What we need most during the exam period is a peaceful mind and efficient review methods. 10．The coach adjusted the training plan on the assumption that the injured player would return to the team next month. 维度三　完成句子/句型转换/一句多译 1．鉴于期末考试只剩两周时间，我们应该集中精力复习核心知识点。(given that引导条件状语从句) Given that the final exam is only two weeks away, we should focus on reviewing core knowledge points. 2．坚信阅读的重要性，她每天至少会花一小时阅读经典文学作品。 Convinced of the importance of reading, she spends at least one hour every day reading classic literature. 3．问题被成功解决后，研究团队终于松了一口气，庆祝他们的成果。(with复合结构) With the problem solved successfully, the research team finally breathed a sigh of relief and celebrated their achievement. 4．The charity organization is devoted to helping poor children go to school, and has raised millions of yuan over the past decade. →Devoted to helping poor children go to school, the charity organization has raised millions of yuan over the past decade.(过去分词短语作状语)　 5．在气候变化研究中，人们认为人类活动是导致全球变暖的主要因素之一。 (1)In the study of climate change, people assume that human activities are one of the main factors leading to global warming． (2)In the study of climate change, it is assumed that human activities are one of the main factors leading to global warming． 维度四　融合教材·主题探究 【改编自外研必修二U1】 A Child of Two Cuisines Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I've enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! Mum has sweet memories of the food from her home town in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes.Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother.He once told me he was surprised by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mother's parents in China.He was even shocked at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal.Even today, he still does not easily take to eating things like chicken feet. But I enjoy that sort of food myself.Last week, I went to the butcher's and asked, “Do you have pigs' ears？” “No，” the butcher said, pulling at his own ears, “just these ordinary ones.” He must have thought I was joking. Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter—Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast.We all love roast beef and vegetables, but Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. I'll never forget my first visit to China.Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything.But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe.“You needn't try it if you don't want to，” Mum said, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn't so bad.It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate.Maybe I'll fall in love with stinky tofu—someday. People say that one man's meat is another man's poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures.To me, there's nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 1．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．The author has been brought up in China. B．The author only enjoys eating British food. C．The author doesn't know how to use chopsticks. D．The author, a mixed-blood child, has grown up in Britain. 2．What can we know about the father from the fourth paragraph? A．He knows a lot about Chinese medicine. B．He is expert in cooking some British food. C．He likes nothing other than roast beef. D．He is a super cook at a British restaurant. 3．What's the author's attitude towards food from the two cultures? A．He prefers to British food rather than Chinese food.　 B．He agrees with the proverb “One man's meat is another man's poison.” C．He feels at home with food from his two cultures. D．He has taken to eating Chinese food. 4．What is the theme of the passage about? A．How the family stays fit by eating British food. B．How the father cooks British food for his family. C．How the family combines the food from the two cultures. D．How the father has come to love hot pot. 答案：1～4.DBCC [综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·郑州高二上学期期中)India has been one of the world's largest producers and consumers of wheat and rice. “We used to know when it would rain and for how long, and we planted our seeds (种子) accordingly，” said P. Ravinder Reddy, a former Indian soldier who turned to farming on his family's land 16 years ago. “Now, many times the seeds don't grow either because there's too much rain or it's completely dry.” Some are taking to what is called natural farming—techniques like planting crops alongside trees and other plants that can protect crops from wind and some extreme weather—to deal with climate change. But that can mean reduced yields (产量), so India's government is promoting the use of new varieties of rice seeds that don't decrease yields. According to a United Nations report released earlier this year, more than 700 million people went hungry last year and over a third of the global population is unable to afford a healthy diet. Apart from India, other programs including a United States government program and privately funded projects are helping develop new seeds that can adapt to climate change in Africa, Central America and other Asian countries. “We really need these seeds to deal with these multiple issues created by global warming，” said Ashok Kumar Singh, former director of New Delhi-based Indian Agriculture Research Institute and a scientist who specializes in plant genetics and breeding. Singh has overseen the creation of multiple successful rice varieties to resist various plant diseases. And his organization, with funding from the government, has released more than 2，000 seed varieties in the last decade. “Ensuring that farmers know about such seeds can afford them and are trained to use them properly, is as important as creating the seeds，” said Aditi Mukherji, director for climate change adaptation and mitigation at the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research and an author of several United Nations climate reports. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球气候变暖迫使各国政府不断开发更适应气候变化的种子。 1．What can we learn from P. Ravinder Reddy's words? A．He has been a soldier for sixteen years. B．He has an approach to helping seeds grow. C．The climate in India has become extreme. D．It is easy to predict when it will rain in India. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Now, many times the seeds don't grow either because there's too much rain or it's completely dry.”可推知，印度的气候已经变得极端。 2．What is a consequence of applying natural farming? A．Yield decrease. B．Energy shortage. C．Land loss. D．Environmental harm. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some are taking to what is called natural farming...But that can mean reduced yields”可知，实施自然农耕会导致产量下降。 3．What does the author want to show by mentioning “more than 700 million people”？ A．The rising population around the world. B．The right way of keeping a healthy diet. C．The importance of a United Nations report. D．The necessity for developing tougher seeds. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，作者在第三段提及遭受饥饿之苦的7亿多人口是为了表明培育更顽强的种子的必要性。 4．What is Aditi Mukherji's suggestion for the governments? A．Training their farmers. B．Creating more jobs. C．Raising the price of seeds. D．Ensuring personal security. A　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ensuring that farmers know about such seeds...as important as creating the seeds”可知，阿迪蒂·穆克吉建议各国政府培训他们的农民。 B (2026·福州高二期中)NESLE, FRANCE—On the world's biggest insect farm, roughly 10 billion bugs (虫子) move toward the day they'll be broken, dried and sold as an alternative form of protein powder. One of these insects will find its way into your smoothie. They're marketed as a more sustainable ingredient for fish feed, livestock feed and pet food. Along the way, they are tasked with eating food waste—helping to address a source responsible for a tenth of global greenhouse emissions. In nature, black soldier fly worms are gifted recyclers, feeding themselves on dead plants and animals, and turning rot (腐烂物) into a source of protein that feeds fish, birds and other creatures. A French start-up wants the fly worms to do the same for human society on an industrial scale, clearing out thousands of tons of food waste and turning it into animal feed on super-efficient, mechanized farms. The bug farm could serve as a model for a future industry that mixes insect evolution with high-tech robot monitoring to help lower carbon emissions and limit the environmental damage from our food system. In the biggest area of the bug farm, a machine sprinkles insect eggs into plastic trays along with all the food they'll need to fuel the first stage of their growth as worms. Black soldier fly worms feed on dead animals, decaying (腐烂) plants and they've developed broad immunity to diseases, producing proteins that fight harmful microbes and encourage the growth of helpful ones. “Being able to incorporate insect farming into waste management and use the by-products as safe and nutritious ingredients would be great, rather than hauling so many trucks of trash out to the landfill，” said Christine Picard, a biologist who studies insects at Indiana University Indianapolis. “If this really takes off, I'd love to see this implemented at multiple levels including community areas where you could bring your food waste to be recycled.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了法国昆虫农场利用虫子将食物垃圾转化为蛋白质，助力减排，获得了专家认可并有望推广。 5．What do bugs mainly do in the insect farm? A．Be human food directly. B．Turn food waste into protein. C．Take the place of livestock. D．Check food system emissions. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On the world's biggest insect farm...an alternative form of protein powder.”和“Along the way...global greenhouse emissions.”可知，昆虫在昆虫养殖场的主要作用是将食物垃圾转化为蛋白质。 6．Why are black soldier fly worms considered“gifted recyclers” in nature? A．They feed on waste. B．They can prevent diseases. C．They can monitor the farms. D．They can reduce CO2 emissions. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In nature...birds and other creatures.”可推知，黑水虻幼虫被认为是“有天赋的回收者”是因为它们以垃圾(死植物和动物等腐烂物)为食。 7．What does Christine Picard expect from the development of insect farming? A．Large-scale industrial farms. B．The production of protein powder. C．Application in food waste recycling. D．A replacement for traditional landfill systems. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Being able to incorporate insect farming...trash out to the landfill”可推知，克里斯汀·皮卡德期望昆虫养殖能应用于食物垃圾回收。 8．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Bugs: A New Threat to the Environment B．Black Soldier Fly Worms: The Future of Human Food　 C．Insect Farms: A Solution to Food Waste and Emissions　 D．Food Waste: The Main Cause of Global Greenhouse Emission　 C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了昆虫农场，在农场中虫子吃食物垃圾并转化为蛋白质，既解决了食物垃圾问题又有助于降低碳排放。因此C项最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·西安高二期中)We were a very diverse but quiet crowd who took the bus every day that summer 33 years ago. During the early morning 1 from the suburbs, we sat sleepily with our collars up to our ears. One of the passengers was a small gray man who walked with a stoop (驼背) and a sad look when he 2 the bus and sat alone behind the driver with some difficulty. No one ever paid very much 3 to him. Then one July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled through the bus. The driver nodded guardedly. The rest of us were still 4 ． The next day, he got on the bus 5 and said in a loud voice, “A very good morning to you all！” Some of us 6 ， amazed, and murmured “Good morning” in reply. In the following weeks, we were more 7 . He was now dressed in a nice old suit and a wide out-of-date tie. The thin hair had been carefully 8 ． He said good morning every day and we gradually began to 9 and talk. One morning he had wild flowers in his hand. The driver turned around 10 ， “Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie？” He nodded shyly. The other passengers whistled and congratulated him. Every morning after that Charlie always brought a flower. Some of the regular 11 began bringing him flowers. The men started to 12 with each other and share the newspaper. The summer went by and then autumn was closing in when one morning Charlie wasn't 13 at his usual stop. When he wasn't there the next day, we wondered if he was sick. A few weeks later, we were told he had 14 . The bus settled back into silence, but we sat with tears and 15 in our hands. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位原本驼背、神情忧郁且无人关注的乘客查理，通过主动向众人道早安、改善仪表，逐渐打破了车厢的沉默。查理离世后，乘客们仍带着鲜花缅怀他，他的善意永远改变了这段通勤旅程的故事。 1．A．ride B．trip C．drive D．cycle A　解析：根据上文“who took the bus”可知，此处描述的是乘车(ride)从郊区出发的情景。 2．A．operated B．boarded C．missed D．stopped B　解析：根据下文“sat alone behind the driver”可知，他上车(board)了。 3．A．energy B．money C．respect D．attention D　解析：根据上文“a small gray man...with some difficulty”可知，上文描述他“驼背、面带悲伤、独自落座”，因此没人关注他。pay attention to意为“注意；关注”。 4．A．happy B．noisy C．silent D．curious C　解析：根据上文quiet crowd和“The driver nodded guardedly.”可知，大家仍保持沉默(silent)。 5．A．calmly B．annoyedly C．cheerfully D．disappointedly C　解析：根据下文“said in a loud voice, ‘A very good morning to you all！’”可知，大声问候体现了他愉快的(cheerfully)状态。 6．A．crowded in B．sat down C．turned over D．looked up D　解析：根据常识可知，大家突然听到大声问候，自然会抬头(look up)回应。 7．A．alert B．shocked C．anxious D．embarrassed A　解析：根据下文“He was now dressed in a nice old suit and a wide out-of-date tie. The thin hair had been carefully_______．”可知，大家变得更加留意(alert)他。 8．A．dried B．washed C．brushed D．tied C　解析：根据上文“He was now dressed in a nice old suit and a wide out-of-date tie.”可知，这位乘客开始注重自己的外表，因此他的头发也被仔细地梳理(brush)过。 9．A．whisper B．shout C．argue D．engage D　解析：根据上文“said good morning every day”可知，他每天早上的问候让氛围破冰，大家逐渐参与(engage)交流。 10．A．screaming B．grinning C．begging D．complaining B　解析：根据下文“Have you got yourself a girlfriend, Charlie？”可知，司机询问查理是否有女友是调侃式的友好问候，“咧嘴笑(grin)”体现了司机的亲切态度。 11．A．customers B．passengers C．visitors D．members B　解析：根据上文“Every morning after that Charlie always brought a flower.”和语境可知，一些常坐这趟车的乘客(passenger)也开始给查理带花。 12．A．sympathize B．interact C．deal D．compare B　解析：根据下文“with each other and share the newspaper”可知，查理的行为改变了车上沉默的氛围，男士们开始相互交流(interact)、分享报纸。 13．A．jogging B．chatting C．waiting D．hiding C　解析：根据下文at his usual stop可知，查理往常会在站点等候(wait)上车。 14．A．passed away B．gone away C．set out D．picked out A　解析：根据下文“The bus settled back into silence, but we sat with tears”可知，大家得知查理已经去世(pass away)了。 15．A．letters B．gifts C．flowers D．books C　解析：根据上文“We were told he had______”可知，查理离世后，大家手持鲜花(flower)缅怀他。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·东莞高二上学期期中)The buzzwords(时髦术语) “brittle college students” have gone viral on the Internet among mounting concerns over 1.________________ serious decline in the physical health of Chinese college students. The words refer to the new generation of college students generally 2.________________ (suffer) from many physical problems. “Brittle”， which 3.________________ (apparent) means tender and fragile (脆弱的), has been used by netizens jokingly 4.________________(describe) how easily college students can get injured and sick. Such comments have caused heated discussions over the declining physical 5.________________ (fit) of contemporary college students, 6.________________ is confirmed by the astonishing record of visits to one hospital in the city of Zhengzhou, north-central Henan Province.7.________________ shocked researchers was that Zhengzhou Central Hospital received some 1，700 young people aged between 18 and 25 in its emergency department in September alone. “These young people were mainly diagnosed (诊断) with trauma, abdominal pain, chest tightness, hyperventilation, and cholecystitis. Most cases were caused by 8.________________ (regular) daily routine, staying up late and unhealthy diet，” said Cheng Xiaodan, deputy director of the hospital's emergency department.　 Many participants said they had experienced health 9.________________ (issue) such as poor skin condition, lack of sleep, and emotional problems. In fact, the health condition of college students mainly depends on 10.________________ they choose a healthy lifestyle. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述“脆皮大学生”这一时髦术语的流行，揭示了当代大学生身体健康状况严重下滑的问题，并引发了社会对此的广泛关注和热烈讨论。 1．a　解析：考查冠词。 decline为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且serious发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 2．suffering　解析：考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，the new generation of college students和suffer为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。 3．apparently　解析：考查副词。 空处修饰动词means应用副词apparently，作状语。 4．to describe　解析：考查非谓语动词。 空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。 5．fitness　解析：考查名词。 空处作宾语，应用名词fitness。 6．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 7．What　解析：考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 8．irregular　解析：考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语，根据下文的“staying up late and unhealthy diet”可知，这里表示“不规律的”，应用irregular。 9．issues　解析：考查名词复数。空处应用名词作宾语，并结合“such as poor skin condition, lack of sleep, and emotional problems”可知，应用名词复数形式。 10．whether　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语，从句中不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，应用连接词whether。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $