Unit 1 People of Achievement 教材助读-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修一同步课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“杰出人物”主题，以屠呦呦和爱因斯坦事迹为核心，通过词汇积累（如artemisinin、relativity）、语法注释（定语从句、非谓语动词）搭建学习支架，帮助学生从基础语言知识过渡到语篇深层理解，构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，通过文本细读解析关键词汇及语法现象，如屠呦呦发现青蒿素体现的中医价值与团队精神，爱因斯坦事迹展现的科学探索精神，培养学生分析推断的思维品质。学生能提升语言运用能力与跨文化理解，教师可借助系统资源优化教学流程。

第一部分　教材助读 UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读1 1 1 教材原文助读2 2 教材原文助读1 第一部分 4 ①physiology [ˌfIzi'ɒlədʒi] n. 生理学；生理机能 ②co-winner n．共同获奖者 此处co-是名词前缀，表示“一起；共同；联合”。 ③artemisinin [ˌɑːtI'miːsInIn] n. [药]青蒿素 词汇积累 读文清障 文本助解释疑 返回导航 ④crucial ['kruːʃl] adj.至关重要的；关键性的 ⑤malaria [mə'leəriə] n．疟疾 ⑥hundreds of thousands of成千上万的 ⑦improved adj.改进的 ⑧vital ['vaItl] adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 be vital for/to...对……至关重要　 It is vital to do sth.做某事是至关重要的。 返回导航 ⑨committed [kə'mItId] adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的； 坚信的　 commit [kə'mIt] vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself to (sth./doing sth./do sth.)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)； 致力于，投身于 ⑩graduate from毕业于(……学校) 返回导航 ⑪academy [ə'kædəmi] n. (艺术、文学、科学等的) 研究院；学会；专科院校 academic [ˌækə'demIk] adj. 学业的；学术的 ⑫objective [əb'dʒektIv] n. 目标；目的adj.客观的 with the objective of... 以……为目的；目的是…… 返回导航 ⑬the head of...……的负 责人 ⑭review vt.复阅；复查 ⑮botanical [bə'tænIkl] adj.植物学的 ⑯evaluate [I'væljueIt] vt.评价；评估 ⑰property ['prɒpəti] n．性质；特征；财产 ⑱distinct [dI'stIŋkt] adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 返回导航 ⑲the fight against 与……的斗争/对抗 ⑳suggest doing sth.建议做某事　 ㉑extract ['ekstrækt] n．提取物；摘录 [Ik'strækt] vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 [易混词]exact adj.精确的；准确的 ㉒wormwood ['wɜːmwʊd] n. 蒿；洋艾 ㉓a collection of一批，一些 返回导航 ㉔boil [bɔIl] vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点 boiling adj.炽热的；酷热的 ㉕liquid ['lIkwId] n．液体 adj.液体的；液态的 solid n．固体adj.固体的；坚硬的　 ㉖obtain [əb'teIn] vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行 ㉗work [熟词生义] vi.起作用 返回导航 ㉘get stuck被卡住 ㉙acknowledge [ək'nɒlIdʒ] vt.承认(属实、权威等)； (公开)感谢 ㉚defeat [dI'fiːt] n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 ㉛analyse ['ænəlaIz] vt.分析 analysis n．分析 返回导航 ㉜by chance偶然；意外地 ㉝apparently [ə'pærəntli] adv.显而易见；看来；显然 apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的 ㉞draw out抽出；取出 ㉟substance ['sʌbstəns] n．物质； 物品；事实根据 返回导航 ㊱insist [In'sIst] vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 insist on坚决要求 ㊲team effort团队努力(的结果) ㊳scientific [ˌsaIən'tIfIk] adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的 scientific research科学研究 scientific discovery科学发现 返回导航 TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology① or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner②), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin③， a crucial④ new treatment for malaria⑤．Artemisinin has saved hundreds of thousands of⑥ lives, and has led to improved⑦ health for millions of people.Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600，000 die from it.Artemisinin has become a vital⑧ part of the treatment for malaria, and [1]is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone. 读文清障 [1]“be thought to do sth.”意为“被认为做某事”。 返回导航 Tu Youyou, [2]a committed⑨ and patient scientist，was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from⑩ Peking University Medical School in 1955.After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy⑪ of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective⑫ of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, [3]where malaria was more common, [2]此处是Tu Youyou的同位语。 [3]此处是where引导非限制性定语从句，关系副词指代先行词 Hainan，在定语从句中作地点状语。 返回导航 to study malaria patients.In 1969, she became the head of⑬ the project in Beijing, and decided to review⑭ ancient Chinese medical texts [4]to find traditional botanical⑮ treatments for the disease． Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts, and evaluated⑯ 280，000 plants for their medical properties⑰．From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct⑱ ancient Chinese medical treatments[5]that showed promise in the fight against⑲ malaria． [4]此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语。 [5]此处是that引导限制性定语从句。 返回导航 One medical text from the fourth century suggested using⑳ the extract㉑ from sweet wormwood㉒ to treat a fever.Tu's team tested a collection of㉓ dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. [6]They then tried boiling㉔ fresh wormwood, and using the liquid㉕ obtained㉖ from this to treat malaria, but this did not work㉗ either. [6]本句中，boiling fresh wormwood和using the liquid是两个并列的动词-ing形式作宾语；obtained from this是过去分词短语作后置定语；but是并列连词，表转折。 返回导航 Their project got stuck㉘．However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge ㉙ defeat㉚．She analysed㉛ the medical texts again, and by chance㉜ , she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood．She concluded [7]that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently㉝ destroyed its medical properties．[8]Using a lower temperature to draw out㉞ the extract, she found a substance㉟ that worked. [7]此处是that引导宾语从句，其中boiling the sweet wormwood是动词-ing形式作主语。 [8]本句中“Using a lower...the extract”为动词-ing形式作状语；that引导限制性定语从句。 返回导航 After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971.Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted㊱ on testing the medicine on themselves [9]to make sure that it was safe．Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, [10]most of whom recovered. This medicine, [11]which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. [9]此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语，其中that it was safe是宾语从句。 [10]此处是most of whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 patients。 [11]此处是which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词medicine。 返回导航 According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort㊲ .Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country.This success proves the great value of traditional Chinese medicine.[12]It is indeed an honour for China's scientific㊳ research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” [12]本句中It作形式主语，“for China's scientific...around the world”作真正的主语。 返回导航 原文翻译 屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖 2015年10月6日 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖被授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促成了青蒿素的发现，而青蒿素是一种治疗疟疾的关键性新型药物。青蒿素挽救了成千上万人的生命，改善了数百万人的健康状况。全世界每年有2亿多人罹患疟疾，约有60万人死于疟疾。青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要部分，而且人们认为每年仅在非洲它就能挽救10万人的生命。 返回导航 屠呦呦是一位尽心尽力且有耐心的科学家，她于1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。毕业后，她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。1967年，中国政府组建了一支以发现疟疾新型疗法为目标的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了疟疾更为常见的海南来研究疟疾患者。1969年，她成为这个项目在北京的负责人，并决定复阅中国古代医学文献，以寻找这种疾病的传统植物疗法。她的团队查阅了2 000多本古老的医学文献，并对28万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。在他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中医疗法，这些疗法显示出了它们在对抗疟疾方面的希望。 返回导航 一本四世纪的医学文献推荐使用青蒿提取物来治疗发烧。屠呦呦的团队测试了一批干青蒿叶，但发现没有效果。然后，他们试着把新鲜的青蒿煮沸，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也没起作用。他们的项目陷入了困境。然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，这句话建议她用另一种方法来处理青蒿。她从而有了结论，即煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的药用特性。她用较低的温度来获得提取物，发现了一种有效的物质。在失败了190多次之后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保其安全性。后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。这种被称为青蒿素的药物很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。 返回导航 屠呦呦说，青蒿素的发现是团队努力的结果。当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我。在我身后有一个团队，还有我们国家的全体人民。这一成功证明了中医的巨大价值。中国的科研和中医药能够在全世界传播，这确实是一种荣幸。” 返回导航 教材原文助读2 第二部分 26 ①numerous ['njuːmərəs] adj. 众多的；许多的 ②make contributions to... 对……作出贡献 ③theory ['θIəri] n．理论；学说 ④relativity [ˌrelə'tIvəti] n. 相对论；相对性 词汇积累 读文清障 文本助解释疑 返回导航 ⑤formula ['fɔːmjələ] n. 公式；方程式；配方 ⑥genius ['dʒiːniəs] n. (pl.geniuses)天才；天资；天赋 ⑦courageous adj.有胆量的，勇敢的 ⑧figure n．人物；身材；数字 ⑨gentle ['dʒentl] adj. 温柔的；文静的 返回导航 ⑩exceptional adj.优秀的； 杰出的 ⑪manage to do sth.设法做到某事 ⑫patent ['peItnt；'pætnt] n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj.有专利的；受专利保护的 ⑬passion ['pæʃn] n．酷爱； 激情 ⑭doctorate ['dɒktərət] n. 博士学位 返回导航 ⑮miracle n．奇迹，不可思议的事 ⑯extraordinary [Ik'strɔːdnri； NAmE Ik'strɔːdəneri] adj. 不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 ⑰gradually ['ɡrædʒuəli] adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 ⑱photoelectric [ˌfəʊtəʊI'lektrIk]adj.光电的 ⑲come to power(开始) 掌权；上台 返回导航 ⑳institution [ˌInstI'tjuːʃn] n．社会公共机构；制度；习俗 ㉑consequence ['kɒnsIkwəns] n．结果；后果 as a consequence结果，因此 as a consequence of... 由于……；作为…… 的结果 返回导航 ㉒take up a position 担任；任职 ㉓institute ['InstItjuːt] n．(教育、专业等) 机构；机构建筑 ㉔slightly adv.轻微地 ㉕odd-looking adj.相貌奇特的；外表怪异的 返回导航 ㉖moustache [mə'stɑːʃ； NAmE 'mʌstæʃ] n. 上唇的胡子；髭 ㉗on end竖立起来；连续地 ㉘peculiarity [pIˌkjuːli'ærəti] n．个性；特点；怪异的性质 ㉙encounter [In'kaʊntə(r)] vt.偶然碰到；遇到 n．邂逅；遭遇 返回导航 ㉚be mistaken for... 被误认/误解为…… ㉛professor [prə'fesə(r)] n．教授 ㉜pass away去世(委婉说法)　 ㉝mourn [mɔːn] vt.& vi.哀悼；忧伤 ㉞brilliant['brIliənt] adj.聪颖的；绝妙的 返回导航 THE MAN WHO CHANGED OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE Albert Einstein, [1]who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men [2]who ever lived．He made numerous① contributions to② the world, 读文清障 [1]此处是who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Albert Einstein。 [2]此处是who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词men，who也可换为that。 返回导航 [3]the most well-known being the general theory③ of relativity④ and the famous formula⑤ E＝mc2．Einstein was not only a genius⑥； he was a courageous⑦ and kind figure⑧[4]loved by many people． [3]此处the most well-known后省略了contribution，“the most well-known (contribution) being...”是“名词＋现在分词”形式的独立主格结构。 [4]此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰figure。 返回导航 This gentle⑨ genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite obtaining exceptional⑩scores in maths and physics.After studying for another year, he managed to⑪ pass the exam, [5]entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900． [5]此处是动词-ing短语作结果状语，表示合乎情理的、顺其自然的结果。 返回导航 After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent⑫office. While working there, out of a strong passion⑬ for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate⑭in physics in 1905.That same year, [6]which was later recorded as a miracle⑮ year in science, he published four extraordinary⑯ physics papers. [6]此处是which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词year。 返回导航 [7]Following this, he gradually⑰ became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton.After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university.In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric⑱ effect. [7]此处是动词-ing短语作状语。 返回导航 Circumstances changed in 1933, [8]when Hitler came to power⑲ in Germany．Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions⑳ closed to him.As a consequence㉑ , he had to flee Germany.After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position㉒ as a researcher at the Institute㉓ for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA．Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. [8]此处是when引导非限制性定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语，指代先行词1933。 返回导航 To the public, he was seen as a slightly㉔ odd-looking㉕ but kind and funny man.[9]He had a thick moustache㉖ and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end㉗ as though he had just received an electric shock.Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends' birthdays. [9]本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hair；as though引导方式状语从句，从句中使用了虚拟语气。 返回导航 But despite his peculiarities㉘ , he was loved by his friends and neighbours.There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often encountered㉙ people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for㉚ Professor㉛ Einstein！” 返回导航 On 18 April 1955, [10]it was reported that Einstein had passed away㉜ , and the whole world mourned㉝ the great loss of a brilliant㉞ scientist. [10]此处it作形式主语，“that Einstein had passed away”作真正的主语。 返回导航 一个改变了我们对宇宙的理解的男人 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，经常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。他对世界作出了许多贡献，最广为人知的是广义相对论和著名的公式E＝mc2。爱因斯坦不仅是一个天才，还是一个勇敢而善良的人，受到许多人的喜爱。 原文翻译 返回导航 这位温柔的天才于1879年3月14日出生于德国。16岁时，他曾试图去瑞士上大学，尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩，但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低，他未能如愿。经过又一年的学习，他设法通过了考试，于1896年进入了大学，1900年毕业。 返回导航 在找了两年的教师工作后，爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找到了一份职员的工作。在那里工作时，出于对知识的强烈热爱，他继续学习，于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。同年，他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文，这一年后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年。此后，他逐渐成为举世闻名的新艾萨克·牛顿。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作，进入一所大学做全职研究。1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。 返回导航 1933年，当希特勒在德国掌权时，情况发生了变化。爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后，他最终在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。此后，他继续在物理和数学方面取得巨大成就。 返回导航 对于公众来说，他看起来有点儿古怪，但又很善良，也很有趣。他胡须浓密，头发又长又白，有时好像他刚遭到电击似的竖起来。虽然他是一个天才，但他有时会忘记一些事情，比如他朋友的生日。尽管他性格古怪，但他深受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至还有一个关于他如何帮助一个小女孩的故事。这个女孩曾经敲响他的门，请求他帮她做家庭作业。事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事情。经过多次这样的情况后，他终于开口说：“原谅我！对不起！我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授！” 返回导航 1955年4月18日，据报道，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为失去一位杰出的科学家而哀伤。 返回导航 $