Unit 3 To be a good learner（知识清单）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了“To be a good learner”主题内容，涵盖学习品质、动作行为、核心概念三类词汇，动词短语、名词搭配等实用短语，以及交际句型、语法要点、写作框架和练习题，构建了从基础词汇积累到语法应用再到写作实践的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类标注（如学习品质类词汇“curious”配句型“be curious about”）、语法分级讲解（副词比较级最高级含规则变化与“The+比较级，the+比较级”特殊句型）和写作模板（三段式框架含开篇引入、方法描述、结尾升华）呈现知识体系，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设计易错点助记口诀（如“hard形副同形义，hardly表否定意”）和写作素材库（含学习困难词汇与加分句型），不同水平学生可高效掌握要点，教师可直接用于课堂教学与分层辅导，提升教学实效。

Unit 3 To be a good learner 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、学习品质类： 1. _______________（好奇的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （好的学习者总是对新鲜事物充满好奇。） 2. _______________（成功的；有成效的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （成功的学习者通常拥有良好的学习技巧。） 3. _______________（终身的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习对每个人来说都是一场终身的旅程。） 4. _______________（努力的；困难的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （只要足够努力，你就能克服学习中的困难。） 5. _______________ （耐心的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习新语言需要足够耐心，不能急于求成。） 6. _______________ （有天赋的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （这个有天赋的男孩很小就展现出了语言才华。） 7. _______________（仔细的；认真的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （认真的学习者很少在拼写方面犯错。） 8. _______________ （积极的） ______________________________________________________________________________ （课堂上积极发言能帮你更快提升口语。） 二、动作与行为类 1. _______________（发明；创造） ____________________________________________________________________________ （富兰克林一生中发明了很多实用的物品。） 2. ___________（印刷；打印） ____________________________________________________________________________ （他年轻时在哥哥的印刷店里工作。） 3. _____________（归还；返回） ____________________________________________________________________________ （为了按时还书，他经常熬夜读到很晚。） 4. ___________（预测；预言） ____________________________________________________________________________ （他的研究发现帮助人们预测天气变化。） 5. _____________（翻译） ____________________________________________________________________________ （这款应用能把母语翻译成二十多种语言。） 6. ___________（记录；录制） ____________________________________________________________________________ （你可以把自己的发音录下来对照纠正。） 7. _____________（发音） ____________________________________________________________________________ （请试着正确读出这个新单词。） 8. ___________（重复；重做） ____________________________________________________________________________ （好的表达值得反复练习直到熟练。） 9. _____________（改进；改善） ____________________________________________________________________________ （我们可以通过大量阅读来提升写作能力。） 10. ___________（发展；培养） ____________________________________________________________________________ （我们要从小培养良好的学习习惯。） 三、核心概念类 1. _____________（学习者） ______________________________________________________________________________ （优秀的学习者懂得如何高效地学习。） 2. _____________（天资；才能） ______________________________________________________________________________ （他在计算机编程方面很有天赋。） 3. _____________（旅程；行程） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习就像一场逆水行舟的旅程。） 4. _____________（成功） ______________________________________________________________________________ （找到兴趣并坚持努力，终会收获成功。） 5. _____________（发明；发明物） ______________________________________________________________________________ （这项发明给人们的生活带来了便利。） 6. _____________（语法）______________________________________________________________________________ （语法是语言学习的重要组成部分。） 7. _____________（发音） ______________________________________________________________________________ （标准的发音能让别人更容易听懂你。） 8. _____________（句子）______________________________________________________________________________ （比起孤立单词，学习句子记忆效果更好。） 9. _____________（方法） ______________________________________________________________________________ （正确的学习方法能让学习事半功倍。） 10. _____________（拼写）______________________________________________________________________________ （英语拼写是很多学生的学习难点。） 短 语 短 语 短 语 一、动词核心短语 1. _____________（落后） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习如逆水行舟，不进则退。） 2._____________（自学） ______________________________________________________________________________ （富兰克林通过大量阅读自学了很多知识。） 3. _____________（不足为奇） ______________________________________________________________________________ （他如此热爱科学，有无数发明不足为奇。） 4. _____________（注意；关注） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习时要重点关注核心知识点。） 5. _____________（意识到；知道） ______________________________________________________________________________ （我们要意识到学习方法的重要性。） 6. _____________（持续做某事） ______________________________________________________________________________ （坚持每天练习，发音会越来越好。） 7. _____________（花费时间做某事） ______________________________________________________________________________ （你应该每天花半小时练习听力。） 8. _____________（为自己设定目标） ______________________________________________________________________________ （新学期开始，我们要为自己设定学习目标。） 9. _____________（迈出第一步） （千里之行，始于足下。） 10. _____________（取得进步） ______________________________________________________________________________ （只要坚持练习，你一定会取得进步。） 二、名词固定搭配短语 1. _____________（对学习的热爱） ______________________________________________________________________________ （对学习的热爱是支撑终身学习的动力。） 2. _____________（学习技巧） ______________________________________________________________________________ （掌握好的学习技巧能大幅提升效率。） 3. _____________（学习计划） ______________________________________________________________________________ （合理的学习计划能帮你管理好时间。） 4. _____________（成功的秘诀） ______________________________________________________________________________ （勤奋与坚持是成功的秘诀。） 5. _____________（语言环境） ______________________________________________________________________________ （置身语言环境中能更快学会一门语言。） 6. _____________（终身旅程） ______________________________________________________________________________ （学习是一场没有终点的终身旅程。） 三、介词 / 形容词搭配短语 1. _____________（免费地） ______________________________________________________________________________ （富兰克林让人们免费使用他的发明。） 2. _____________（为了） ______________________________________________________________________________ （为了按时完成任务，他加班到很晚。） 3. _____________（尽可能……） ______________________________________________________________________________ （我们要尽可能多地在生活中使用英语。） 4. _____________（擅长……） ______________________________________________________________________________ （他很擅长学习新的语言。） 5. _____________（对…… 感兴趣） ______________________________________________________________________________ （如果你对一件事感兴趣，学起来会更快。） 6. _____________（因…… 而闻名） ______________________________________________________________________________ （赵元任因精通多国语言而闻名。） 7. _____________（而不是） ______________________________________________________________________________ （我们应该关注句子而不是单个单词。） 8. _____________（令某人惊讶的是） ______________________________________________________________________________ （令我惊讶的是，他只用半年就开发出了这款应用。） 实 用 交 际 句 型 实 用 交 际 句 型 一、谈论学习品质句型 1. What qualities make a good learner? 什么样的品质能造就好的学习者？ 2. Good learners are always curious about the world around them. 好的学习者总是对周围的世界充满好奇。 3. A successful learner has a strong drive to learn. 成功的学习者有强烈的学习动力。 4. Lifelong learners see learning as an endless journey. 终身学习者将学习视为一场无尽的旅程。 5. He is talented and always tries to improve himself. 他很有天赋，并且总是努力提升自己。 二、介绍学习方法句型 1. You should make a study plan to manage your time well. 你应该制定学习计划来管理好你的时间。 2. It's a good way to learn sentences rather than single words. 学习句子而不是单个单词是个好方法。 3. You can improve your pronunciation by listening and repeating. 你可以通过听和重复来改善发音。 4. The best way to learn a language is to use it as much as possible. 学习一门语言最好的方法就是尽可能多地使用它。 5. Setting goals can help you make progress step by step. 设定目标能帮你一步步取得进步。 三、两者 / 三者比较句型 1. She reads faster than any other student in her class. 她比班里其他任何学生读得都快。 2. He works the hardest among all the boys. 他是所有男生中学习最努力的。 3. The more you practise, the better you will learn. 你练习得越多，学得就越好。 4. Listening is more important than you think for language learning. 在语言学习中，听力比你想的更重要。 5. This is one of the most useful learning methods. 这是最有用的学习方法之一。 四、表达观点与建议句型 1. I agree with you that good study skills are very important. 我同意你的看法，好的学习技巧非常重要。 2. In my opinion, interest is the best teacher. 在我看来，兴趣是最好的老师。 3. To be honest, I used to find grammar very difficult. 说实话，我以前觉得语法很难。 4. Why not start with easy texts and move on slowly? 为什么不从简单的文本开始，慢慢进阶呢？ 5. You'd better spend 10 minutes reading English every day. 你最好每天花 10 分钟读英语。 五、描述学习经历句型 1. I taught myself paper-cutting by watching videos online. 我通过看网上的视频自学了剪纸。 2. I spent two months practising pronunciation every day. 我花了两个月每天练习发音。 3. To my surprise, I could talk with foreign tourists freely after that. 令我惊讶的是，从那以后我就能和外国游客自如交谈了。 4. I used to be weak in spelling, but now I have improved a lot. 我以前拼写很差，但现在进步了很多。 5. I work as a volunteer to help foreigners in my free time. 我空闲时间做志愿者帮助外国人。 六、作文开头、结尾万能句型开头 1. Learning how to learn is important for every student. 学会如何学习对每个学生都很重要。 2. I used to have trouble learning English, but now I have found my way. 我以前学英语有困难，但现在我找到了方法。 3. Benjamin Franklin is a great example of a lifelong learner. 本杰明・富兰克林是终身学习者的绝佳典范。 结尾 1. Practice makes perfect. Stick to your plan and you will make progress. 熟能生巧。坚持你的计划，你一定会取得进步。 2. Learning is a lifelong journey. We should never stop learning. 学习是一场终身的旅程，我们永远不应该停止学习。 3. The right learning method can make your study much easier. 正确的学习方法能让你的学习轻松很多。 语 法 副词比较级 & 最高级 + 反身代词（学习表现与自主学习核心） （1）副词比较级（两者对比，描述学习差异） 结构：主语 + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + 对比对象 例句：My deskmate works harder than me. 翻译：我的同桌学习比我更努力。 写作作用：对比自己和同学的学习状态，丰富内容层次。 （2）副词最高级（三者及以上，突出学习表现） 结构：主语 + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + in/of... 例句：She learns the fastest in our class. 翻译：她是我们班学得最快的。 （3）高分特殊句型 ① one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数（写作万能句） 例句：This is one of the most useful learning methods. 翻译：这是最有用的学习方法之一。 ② The + 比较级，the + 比较级（升华学习主题） 例句：The more you read, the better you will write. 翻译：你读得越多，写得就越好。 （4）反身代词（表达自主学习） 核心用法：主语与宾语为同一人 / 物时使用，表 “某人自己” 例句：She taught herself English when she was young. 翻译：她年轻时自学了英语。 常见搭配：teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 玩得开心；by oneself 独自；look after oneself 照顾自己 写 作 （一）标准三段式写作框架（话题：我的学习方法 / 如何克服学习困难） 第一段：开篇引入（点明问题 + 背景） 写作要点：点明学习中遇到的困难、初次遇到的时间、当时的感受 万能开头：I used to have trouble with my English pronunciation. I didn’t know what to do at first. 第二段：主体核心（方法 + 过程 + 具体事例，得分关键） 1. 下定决心：点明想要改变的决心 2. 具体方法：搭配单元短语（make a plan, practise every day, teach oneself 等） 3. 过程与坚持：描述坚持的过程，体现努力 模板：Then I decided to make a change. I made a study plan and spent 10 minutes practising pronunciation every morning. I listened to tapes and repeated after them. Little by little, I made great progress. 第三段：结尾升华（感悟 + 总结） 万能结尾：Practice makes perfect. Now I know that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty. （二）写作得分技巧 1. 词汇升级：普通 study → learn effectively；good method → useful learning skill 2. 句式升级：多用副词比较级最高级、the more…the more 句型、反身代词 3. 逻辑词加分：Besides（此外）、What’s more（而且）、Little by little（渐渐地）、Finally（最后）4. 避坑点： - 副词最高级漏 the：❌ She works hardest → ✅ She works the hardest - 反身代词指代错误：❌ teach himself（主语 she）→ ✅ teach herself - 比较级搭配错误：❌ more faster → ✅ much faster 一、知识点精讲 1. curious adj. 好奇的 【变形】curiosity n. 好奇心 【句型】 ① be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 Good learners are always curious about new things. 好的学习者总是对新鲜事物充满好奇。 ② be curious to do sth. 好奇做某事 I am curious to know the result of the test. 我好奇想知道考试结果。 2. invent v. 发明；创造 【变形】invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明家 【句型】 ① invent sth. 发明某物 Franklin invented many useful things in his life. 富兰克林一生发明了很多有用的东西。 【辨析】invent（发明创造新事物）；discover（发现已存在的事物） 3. success n. 成功 【变形】successful adj. 成功的；successfully adv. 成功地；succeed v. 成功 【句型】 ① achieve success 获得成功 You will achieve success if you keep working hard. 如果你坚持努力，就会获得成功。 ② the secret to success 成功的秘诀 Hard work is the secret to success. 努力是成功的秘诀。 4. improve v. 改进；改善 【变形】improvement n. 改善；提高 【句型】 ① improve sth. 改善某事 I want to improve my English speaking skills. 我想提高我的英语口语技能。 ② improve in sth. 在某方面进步 He has improved a lot in writing. 他在写作方面进步很大。 5. pronounce v. 发音 【变形】pronunciation n. 发音 【句型】 ① pronounce sth. correctly 正确发音 You should learn to pronounce each word correctly. 你应该学会正确读每个单词。 ② practise pronunciation 练习发音 It's important to practise pronunciation every day. 每天练习发音很重要。 6. teach oneself 自学 【同义】learn...by oneself 【句型】 ① teach oneself sth. 自学某事 He taught himself French when he was young. 他年轻时自学了法语。 ② teach oneself to do sth. 自学做某事 She taught herself to play the piano. 她自学弹钢琴。 二、核心语法精讲 语法主题一：副词比较级与最高级 1. 三种基本形式说明 副词分为原级、比较级、最高级。 - 比较级：用于两者动作对比，意为“更……地”，常搭配than； - 最高级：用于三者及以上范围，意为“最……地”，前面一般加the，搭配in/of/among说明范围。 2. 比较级、最高级变化规则 （1）规则变化 ① 一般单音节副词直接加-er / -est eg：fast → faster → fastest 例：He runs faster than me. 他跑得比我快。 ② 以不发音字母e结尾，加-r / -st eg：late → later → latest 例：She arrived later than usual. 她比平时到得晚。 ③ 辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i，再加-er/-est eg：early → earlier → earliest 例：I get up earlier than my sister. 我比我妹妹起床早。 ④ 多音节词/部分双音节词，前面加more（比较级）/most（最高级） eg：quickly → more quickly → most quickly carefully → more carefully → most carefully 例：She writes more carefully than me. 她写得比我认真。 （2）不规则变化 well → better → best badly → worse → worst much → more → most 例：She sings better than me. 她唱歌比我好。 3. 核心基础句型 （1）比较级基础句型：主语 + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 含义：A比B更……地做某事 例句：Millie reads faster than Sandy. 米莉读得比桑迪快。 补充：much / a little / even 可修饰比较级表程度 例句：He works much harder than before. 他比以前努力得多。 （2）最高级基础句型：主语 + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 范围(in/of/among) 含义：A在某范围内做某事最…… 例句：She learns the fastest in our class. 她是我们班学得最快的。 4. 单元两大特殊高分句型 句型① one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 含义：最……之一 【用法要点】最高级前必须加the；后面名词用复数；作主语时谓语动词用单数。 例句：This is one of the most useful ways to learn English. 这是学习英语最有用的方法之一。 句型② The + 比较级，the + 比较级 含义：越……，就越…… 【用法要点】前后都用比较级，前半句表条件，后半句表结果。 例句：The more you read, the better you will write. 你读得越多，写得就越好。 语法主题二：反身代词 1. 基本概念 反身代词表示“某人自己”，当主语和宾语是同一个人或事物时，使用反身代词。 2. 单复数形式 单数 复数 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself themselves herself / itself / 3. 核心用法 （1）作宾语：放在动词或介词后面 例句：She taught herself English. 她自学英语。 You should learn to look after yourself. 你应该学会照顾自己。 （2）作同位语：放在名词或代词后，起强调作用 例句：You can do it yourself. 你可以自己做这件事。 He himself finished the whole work. 他独自完成了全部工作。 4. 常见固定搭配 teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 玩得开心；by oneself 独自地 help oneself to 随便吃/用；look after oneself 照顾自己；set goals for oneself 为自己设定目标 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作话题为“学习方法与成长”，属于成长感悟类记叙文。 写作核心要求：围绕“学会学习”主题，运用副词比较级、最高级描述学习变化，结合具体事例体现学习过程，表达对学习的感悟。 考察语法：副词比较级与最高级、反身代词、teach oneself等单元重点短语； 考察情感：突出坚持、好奇、终身学习等成长内涵。 2. 写作框架（三段式标准结构） 第一段：开篇引入（总起） 内容：点明学习中遇到的问题、最初的困扰。 万能句：I used to have trouble with... At first, I didn’t know how to deal with it. 第二段：主体描写（核心得分段） 分层1：下定决心：点明想要改变的想法 分层2：具体方法：运用单元短语描述学习方法 分层3：过程与结果：描述坚持的过程和取得的进步 第三段：结尾升华（抒情收尾） 内容：总结学习感悟，升华主题。 万能句：Practice makes perfect. I’ve learned that as long as we keep trying, nothing is impossible. 3. 写作素材 （1）学习困难词汇 pronunciation 发音；grammar 语法；spelling 拼写；listening 听力 比较级：more difficult 更难；worse 更差 （2）学习方法词汇（单元核心） make a study plan 制定学习计划；practise every day 每天练习 teach oneself 自学；listen to tapes 听磁带；take notes 记笔记 （3）高频写作短语 fall behind 落后；make progress 取得进步；step by step 一步步地 little by little 渐渐地；as long as 只要 （4）加分句型 1. The + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……越…… 2. To be honest, … 说实话，…… 3. It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的 4. 范文背诵 How I improved my English I used to have trouble with my English pronunciation. To my surprise, many foreign tourists couldn’t understand me when I spoke English. I felt upset and decided to make a change. Then I made a study plan. Every morning, I spent 10 minutes listening to English tapes and repeated after them. I also recorded my voice and compared it with the tape. Little by little, my pronunciation became much better. Now I can speak English clearly and even work as a volunteer to help foreigners. Practice makes perfect. I’ve learned that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty. The more we practise, the better we will become. 易错点1：形容词与副词用法混淆（hard / hardly） 【错因辨析】 1. 混淆词性：hard既可作形容词也可作副词，意为“努力的/地；困难的/地”；hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”，表否定含义。 2. 中式误区：容易误以为hardly是hard的副词形式。 【一句话辨异】 努力学习用study hard，几乎不用hardly。 【助记口诀】 hard形副同形义，hardly表否定意。 【对点训练】 用hard/hardly填空 1. He works very ______ and always gets good grades. 2. It’s ______ to learn a new language well in a short time. 3. I can ______ believe my eyes. He has improved so much. 易错点2：反身代词单复数与指代一致 【错因辨析】 1. 单复数混淆：主语是单数用-self，复数用-selves。 2. 指代不一致：反身代词要和主语在人称和数上保持一致。 3. 易错拼写：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、themselves（他们自己） 【一句话辨异】 主语单复数对应反身代词单复数，人称要一致。 【助记口诀】 反身代词莫乱用，主语一致记心中；单数self复数selves，人称对应别出错。 【对点训练】 单项选择 1. She taught ______ English when she was free. A. herself B. himself C. myself 2. We should learn to look after ______ when we are alone. A. us B. ourselves C. ourself 3. The little boy can dress ______ now. A. him B. his C. himself 易错点3：副词比较级的修饰词误用（more / much） 【错因辨析】 1. 误区1：用more修饰比较级，如more faster（错误）；more本身构成多音节副词比较级，不能再加在比较级前。 2. 误区2：much修饰比较级，表“……得多”，可修饰所有比较级。 3. 误区3：多音节副词变形混乱，误写成carefullyer。 【一句话辨异】 比较级前不用more修饰，much用来加深程度；多音节副词只在前加more。 【助记口诀】 比较级前不用more，much来把程度提；多音节词怎么变，只在前面加more。 【对点训练】 单项选择 1. She speaks English ______ better than before. A. more B. much C. very 2. He writes ______ carefully than his deskmate. A. much more B. much C. more much 3. Tom runs ______ faster than any other boy in his class. A. more B. much C. very 一、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. A good ______(学习者) should have good learning skills. 2. Benjamin Franklin was a great ______(发明家) in history. 3. He has a ______(天赋) for music and plays the piano very well. 4. Learning is a ______(终身的) journey for everyone. 5. The little boy is ______(好奇的) about everything around him. 6. Can you ______(翻译) this sentence into Chinese? 7. It’s important to have good ______(发音) when learning a language. 8. I don’t know the ______(语法) rules of this language. 9. Please ______(重复) what I said just now. 10. With hard work, you will finally achieve ______(成功). 11. We should ______(改进) our learning methods step by step. 12. He can speak many ______(方言) of Chinese. 13. Write down the key ______(句子) in your notebook. 14. His ______(拼写) is very poor. He makes lots of mistakes. 15. ______(此外), we should also do more reading after class. 16. It is ______(可能的) to learn English well if you keep practising. 17. He walked into the room ______(悄悄地) so that he wouldn’t wake others. 18. Can you finish the ______(整个的) work in one day? 19. She gave a wonderful ______(演讲) at the meeting yesterday. 20. Please read the text ______(出声地) in the morning. 21. If you don’t work hard, you will ______(落后) behind others. 22. To my ______(惊讶), he finished the task so quickly. 23. There are ______(无数的) stars in the sky at night. 24. Scientists can ______(预测) the weather now. 25. He ______(归还) the book to the library yesterday. 26. We should try our best to ______(发展) our interests. 27. You should pay ______(注意) to your mistakes and correct them. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He is one of the most famous ______(invent) in the world. 2. She is a ______(success) businesswoman and has her own company. 3. The boy is old enough to dress ______(he). 4. You can learn English by ______(you) if you work hard. 5. She reads ______(fast) than any other girl in her class. 6. He works the ______(hard) among all the students. 7. ______(learn) a new language takes time and patience. 8. I want to improve my ______(pronounce) by listening to tapes. 9. We enjoyed ______(we) at the party last night. 10. The ______(much) you practise, the ______(good) you will become. 11. He taught ______(he) to play the guitar when he was young. 12. It’s important for us ______(learn) how to learn. 13. She spoke ______(slow) so that everyone could understand her. 14. There are many different ______(method) to learn English. 15. He is ______(curious) about the result of the experiment. 16. I think this is the ______(useful) way of all. 17. His ______(invent) have changed people’s lives a lot. 18. We should try our best ______(improve) our study. 19. ______(lucky), he passed the exam at last. 20. The story is ______(bore) and I feel sleepy. 三、单项选择 1. —What do you think is important for successful learning? —I think ______ is the most important. If you want to learn, you’ll work harder. A. talent B. drive C. method D. plan 2. Benjamin Franklin taught himself by ______ a lot of books. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 3. The ______ you study, the ______ grades you will get. A. harder; better B. harder; good C. hard; better D. hard; good 4. She can speak English ______ than me. A. more better B. much better C. very better D. so better 5. —How do you learn English so well? —I learn it ______ listening to tapes and repeating every day. A. by B. with C. in D. for 6. Don’t worry. You can do it ______. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 7. He is a great inventor. He has ______ many useful things. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. created 8. —I find ______ hard to learn grammar well. —Don’t give up. You will make it. A. that B. this C. it D. its 9. ______ my surprise, he could speak three foreign languages at the age of ten. A. In B. To C. For D. With 10. —What is Tom like? —He is very ______ and always asks lots of questions. A. humorous B. honest C. curious D. patient 11. We should try to speak English as ______ as possible in class. A. many B. much C. more D. most 12. He is one of ______ students in our school. A. the best B. best C. better D. good 13. —Why not ______ a study plan first? —Good idea. It will help us manage time well. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 14. She ______ her mistakes and corrected them carefully. A. paid attention to B. was aware of C. was good at D. was interested in 15. Learning is a journey. We should never stop ______. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 16. —I’m very worried about my English test. —______! I’m sure you can do well. A. Cheer up B. No problem C. That’s right D. Don’t mention it 17. He worked very late last night ______ finish the task on time. A. in order that B. in order to C. so that D. because of 18. —Do you enjoy ______ English by yourself? —Yes, I find it interesting. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 19. This is the best film I have ______ seen. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet 20. —How can I improve my writing? —______ more reading is a good way. A. Do B. Doing C. Does D. Did 四、阅读理解 A Benjamin Franklin was a great American writer, scientist, inventor and politician. He was born in 1706 and had 16 brothers and sisters. He only went to school for two years, but he never stopped learning. When he was young, he worked in his brother’s print shop. He borrowed books from booksellers and read late at night. In this way, he taught himself many things. He was very curious about the world. Once he studied storms and found that storms move from one place to another. This helped people predict the weather. Franklin loved science and invented many things, like the special glasses for old people. He didn’t make money from his inventions. He let people use them for free. He saw learning as a lifelong journey and always kept trying new things. 1. How long did Franklin go to school? A. For one year. B. For two years. C. For three years. D. For four years. 2. How did Franklin teach himself? A. By reading a lot of books. B. By going to night school. C. By asking his brother for help. D. By listening to others. 3. What did Franklin find when he studied storms? A. Storms could never be predicted. B. Storms moved from place to place. C. Storms usually happened at night. D. Storms were not dangerous at all. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Franklin was born in a small family. B. Franklin made lots of money from his inventions. C. Franklin thought learning was an endless journey. D. Franklin invented the printing machine. 5. What can we learn from Franklin? A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Practice makes perfect. C. A good beginning is half done. D. Failure is the mother of success. B Zhao Yuanren is a famous Chinese language master. He could speak over 30 Chinese dialects and several foreign languages like English, French and German. Zhao had many good ways to learn languages. First, he spent a lot of time reading, listening and speaking the language. When he went to a new place, he would talk with local people. He put himself in the language environment so he could learn quickly. Second, he always carried a pen and paper to write down useful sentences. He thought it was better to learn sentences than single words. Third, he was interested in languages and kept practising every day. Learning a new language is not easy, but if we use the right ways, it will become much easier. 1. How many Chinese dialects could Zhao Yuanren speak? A. About 20. B. Over 30. C. About 40. D. Over 50. 2. What does the underlined word “environment” mean in Chinese? A. 环境 B. 习惯 C. 方法 D. 计划 3. Which of the following is NOT Zhao’s way of learning languages? A. Talking with local people. B. Writing down useful sentences. C. Learning sentences instead of words. D. Watching films in the language. 4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Zhao’s talent for languages. B. Zhao’s ways of learning languages. C. Zhao’s early life experience. D. Zhao’s achievements in language. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. It’s impossible to learn many languages. B. Right methods help a lot in language learning. C. Talent is the most important for learning. D. We should learn different dialects. 五、首字母填空 How can we become good English learners? Here is some advice for you. First, be 1.c______ about English. Interest is the best teacher. If you are interested in English, you will learn it more 2.e______. Second, make a study 3.p______. It can help you manage your time well. You should spend enough time 4.p______ your English every day. Don’t be afraid of making 5.m______. Third, use different learning 6.m______. You can learn by listening to tapes, reading English stories or 7.t______ with others. Don’t just learn single words. Try to learn whole 8.s______ instead. Fourth, learn to teach 9.y______. You can review what you have learned by yourself. If you can keep doing these things, you will be a 10.s______ learner one day. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 To be a good learner 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、学习品质类： 1. curious（好奇的） Good learners are always curious about new things.（好的学习者总是对新鲜事物充满好奇。） 2. successful（成功的；有成效的） A successful learner usually has good study skills.（成功的学习者通常拥有良好的学习技巧。） 3. lifelong（终身的） Learning is a lifelong journey for everyone.（学习对每个人来说都是一场终身的旅程。） 4. hard‑working（努力的；困难的） If you are hard‑working enough, you can overcome difficulties in study.（只要足够努力，你就能克服学习中的困难。） 5. patient（耐心的） It needs enough patience to learn a new language.（学习新语言需要足够耐心，不能急于求成。） 6. talented（有天赋的） The talented boy showed his gift for language at an early age.（这个有天赋的男孩很小就展现出了语言才华。） 7. careful（仔细的；认真的） Careful learners seldom make mistakes in spelling.（认真的学习者很少在拼写方面犯错。） 8. active（积极的） Being active in class can help you improve your spoken English faster.（课堂上积极发言能帮你更快提升口语。） 二、动作与行为类 1. invent（发明；创造） Franklin invented many useful things in his life.（富兰克林一生中发明了很多实用的物品。） 2. print（印刷；打印） He worked in his brother’s print shop when he was young.（他年轻时在哥哥的印刷店里工作。） 3. return（归还；返回） He often stayed up late in order to return the books on time.（为了按时还书，他经常熬夜读到很晚。） 4. predict（预测；预言） His findings helped people predict changes in the weather.（他的研究发现帮助人们预测天气变化。） 5. translate（翻译） This app can translate your mother language into over twenty languages.（这款应用能把母语翻译成二十多种语言。） 6. record（记录；录制） You can record your pronunciation and correct it by comparison.（你可以把自己的发音录下来对照纠正。） 7. pronounce（发音） Please try to pronounce this new word correctly.（请试着正确读出这个新单词。） 8. repeat（重复；重做） Good expressions are worth repeating until you are good at them.（好的表达值得反复练习直到熟练。） 9. improve（改进；改善） We can improve our writing by doing lots of reading.（我们可以通过大量阅读来提升写作能力。） 10. develop（发展；培养） We should develop good learning habits from an early age.（我们要从小培养良好的学习习惯。） 三、核心概念类 1. learner（学习者） Good learners know how to learn effectively.（优秀的学习者懂得如何高效地学习。） 2. talent（天资；才能） He has a talent for computer programming.（他在计算机编程方面很有天赋。） 3. journey（旅程；行程） Learning is a journey like rowing a boat against the water.（学习就像一场逆水行舟的旅程。） 4. success（成功） Find your interest and keep working hard, and you will achieve success.（找到兴趣并坚持努力，终会收获成功。） 5. invention（发明；发明物） This invention brings great convenience to people’s lives.（这项发明给人们的生活带来了便利。） 6. grammar（语法） Grammar is an important part of language learning.（语法是语言学习的重要组成部分。） 7. pronunciation（发音） Good pronunciation makes it easier for others to understand you.（标准的发音能让别人更容易听懂你。） 8. sentence（句子） Learning sentences works better than learning single words.（比起孤立单词，学习句子记忆效果更好。） 9. method（方法） Right learning methods can make your study much easier.（正确的学习方法能让学习事半功倍。） 10. spelling（拼写） English spelling is a big difficulty for many students.（英语拼写是很多学生的学习难点。） 短 语 短 语 一、动词核心短语 1. fall behind（落后） Studying is like rowing against the water; you will fall behind if you don’t move forward.（学习如逆水行舟，不进则退。） 2. teach oneself（自学） Franklin taught himself a lot of knowledge by reading many books.（富兰克林通过大量阅读自学了很多知识。） 3. come as no surprise（不足为奇） He loved science so much, so his countless inventions came as no surprise.（他如此热爱科学，有无数发明不足为奇。） 4. pay attention to（注意；关注） Pay attention to the key knowledge points when you study.（学习时要重点关注核心知识点。） 5. be aware of（意识到；知道） We should be aware of the importance of learning methods.（我们要意识到学习方法的重要性。） 6. keep doing sth.（持续做某事） Keep practising every day, and your pronunciation will become better and better.（坚持每天练习，发音会越来越好。） 7. spend time (in) doing sth.（花费时间做某事） You should spend half an hour practising listening every day.（你应该每天花半小时练习听力。） 8. set goals for oneself（为自己设定目标） At the start of the new term, we should set goals for ourselves.（新学期开始，我们要为自己设定学习目标。） 9. take the first step（迈出第一步） A journey of a thousand miles takes the first step.（千里之行，始于足下。） 10. make progress（取得进步） As long as you keep practising, you will surely make progress.（只要坚持练习，你一定会取得进步。） 二、名词固定搭配短语 1. the love of learning（对学习的热爱） The love of learning gives us power for lifelong learning.（对学习的热爱是支撑终身学习的动力。） 2. study skills（学习技巧） Mastering good study skills can greatly improve your efficiency.（掌握好的学习技巧能大幅提升效率。） 3. study plan（学习计划） A proper study plan can help you manage your time well.（合理的学习计划能帮你管理好时间。） 4. the secret to success（成功的秘诀） Hard work and persistence are the secret to success.（勤奋与坚持是成功的秘诀。） 5. language environment（语言环境） Putting yourself in a language environment helps you learn a language faster.（置身语言环境中能更快学会一门语言。） 6. lifelong journey（终身旅程） Learning is an endless lifelong journey.（学习是一场没有终点的终身旅程。） 三、介词/形容词搭配短语 1. for free（免费地） Franklin let people use his inventions for free.（富兰克林让人们免费使用他的发明。） 2. in order to（为了） He worked late into the night in order to finish the task on time.（为了按时完成任务，他加班到很晚。） 3. as…as possible（尽可能……） We should use English as much as possible in daily life.（我们要尽可能多地在生活中使用英语。） 4. be good at（擅长……） He is good at learning new languages.（他很擅长学习新的语言。） 5. be interested in（对……感兴趣） If you are interested in something, you will learn it more quickly.（如果你对一件事感兴趣，学起来会更快。） 6. be famous for（因……而闻名） Zhao Yuanren is famous for mastering many languages.（赵元任因精通多国语言而闻名。） 7. rather than（而不是） We should pay attention to sentences rather than single words.（我们应该关注句子而不是单个单词。） 8. to one’s surprise（令某人惊讶的是） To my surprise, he developed this app in only half a year.（令我惊讶的是，他只用半年就开发出了这款应用。） 实 用 交 际 句 型 实 用 交 际 句 型 一、谈论学习品质句型 1. What qualities make a good learner? 什么样的品质能造就好的学习者？ 2. Good learners are always curious about the world around them. 好的学习者总是对周围的世界充满好奇。 3. A successful learner has a strong drive to learn. 成功的学习者有强烈的学习动力。 4. Lifelong learners see learning as an endless journey. 终身学习者将学习视为一场无尽的旅程。 5. He is talented and always tries to improve himself. 他很有天赋，并且总是努力提升自己。 二、介绍学习方法句型 1. You should make a study plan to manage your time well. 你应该制定学习计划来管理好你的时间。 2. It's a good way to learn sentences rather than single words. 学习句子而不是单个单词是个好方法。 3. You can improve your pronunciation by listening and repeating. 你可以通过听和重复来改善发音。 4. The best way to learn a language is to use it as much as possible. 学习一门语言最好的方法就是尽可能多地使用它。 5. Setting goals can help you make progress step by step. 设定目标能帮你一步步取得进步。 三、两者 / 三者比较句型 1. She reads faster than any other student in her class. 她比班里其他任何学生读得都快。 2. He works the hardest among all the boys. 他是所有男生中学习最努力的。 3. The more you practise, the better you will learn. 你练习得越多，学得就越好。 4. Listening is more important than you think for language learning. 在语言学习中，听力比你想的更重要。 5. This is one of the most useful learning methods. 这是最有用的学习方法之一。 四、表达观点与建议句型 1. I agree with you that good study skills are very important. 我同意你的看法，好的学习技巧非常重要。 2. In my opinion, interest is the best teacher. 在我看来，兴趣是最好的老师。 3. To be honest, I used to find grammar very difficult. 说实话，我以前觉得语法很难。 4. Why not start with easy texts and move on slowly? 为什么不从简单的文本开始，慢慢进阶呢？ 5. You'd better spend 10 minutes reading English every day. 你最好每天花 10 分钟读英语。 五、描述学习经历句型 1. I taught myself paper-cutting by watching videos online. 我通过看网上的视频自学了剪纸。 2. I spent two months practising pronunciation every day. 我花了两个月每天练习发音。 3. To my surprise, I could talk with foreign tourists freely after that. 令我惊讶的是，从那以后我就能和外国游客自如交谈了。 4. I used to be weak in spelling, but now I have improved a lot. 我以前拼写很差，但现在进步了很多。 5. I work as a volunteer to help foreigners in my free time. 我空闲时间做志愿者帮助外国人。 六、作文开头、结尾万能句型开头 1. Learning how to learn is important for every student. 学会如何学习对每个学生都很重要。 2. I used to have trouble learning English, but now I have found my way. 我以前学英语有困难，但现在我找到了方法。 3. Benjamin Franklin is a great example of a lifelong learner. 本杰明・富兰克林是终身学习者的绝佳典范。 结尾 1. Practice makes perfect. Stick to your plan and you will make progress. 熟能生巧。坚持你的计划，你一定会取得进步。 2. Learning is a lifelong journey. We should never stop learning. 学习是一场终身的旅程，我们永远不应该停止学习。 3. The right learning method can make your study much easier. 正确的学习方法能让你的学习轻松很多。 语 法 副词比较级 & 最高级 + 反身代词（学习表现与自主学习核心） （1）副词比较级（两者对比，描述学习差异） 结构：主语 + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + 对比对象 例句：My deskmate works harder than me. 翻译：我的同桌学习比我更努力。 写作作用：对比自己和同学的学习状态，丰富内容层次。 （2）副词最高级（三者及以上，突出学习表现） 结构：主语 + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + in/of... 例句：She learns the fastest in our class. 翻译：她是我们班学得最快的。 （3）高分特殊句型 ① one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数（写作万能句） 例句：This is one of the most useful learning methods. 翻译：这是最有用的学习方法之一。 ② The + 比较级，the + 比较级（升华学习主题） 例句：The more you read, the better you will write. 翻译：你读得越多，写得就越好。 （4）反身代词（表达自主学习） 核心用法：主语与宾语为同一人 / 物时使用，表 “某人自己” 例句：She taught herself English when she was young. 翻译：她年轻时自学了英语。 常见搭配：teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 玩得开心；by oneself 独自；look after oneself 照顾自己 写 作 （一）标准三段式写作框架（话题：我的学习方法 / 如何克服学习困难） 第一段：开篇引入（点明问题 + 背景） 写作要点：点明学习中遇到的困难、初次遇到的时间、当时的感受 万能开头：I used to have trouble with my English pronunciation. I didn’t know what to do at first. 第二段：主体核心（方法 + 过程 + 具体事例，得分关键） 1. 下定决心：点明想要改变的决心 2. 具体方法：搭配单元短语（make a plan, practise every day, teach oneself 等） 3. 过程与坚持：描述坚持的过程，体现努力 模板：Then I decided to make a change. I made a study plan and spent 10 minutes practising pronunciation every morning. I listened to tapes and repeated after them. Little by little, I made great progress. 第三段：结尾升华（感悟 + 总结） 万能结尾：Practice makes perfect. Now I know that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty. （二）写作得分技巧 1. 词汇升级：普通 study → learn effectively；good method → useful learning skill 2. 句式升级：多用副词比较级最高级、the more…the more 句型、反身代词 3. 逻辑词加分：Besides（此外）、What’s more（而且）、Little by little（渐渐地）、Finally（最后）4. 避坑点： - 副词最高级漏 the：❌ She works hardest → ✅ She works the hardest - 反身代词指代错误：❌ teach himself（主语 she）→ ✅ teach herself - 比较级搭配错误：❌ more faster → ✅ much faster 一、知识点精讲 1. curious adj. 好奇的 【变形】curiosity n. 好奇心 【句型】 ① be curious about sth. 对某事好奇 Good learners are always curious about new things. 好的学习者总是对新鲜事物充满好奇。 ② be curious to do sth. 好奇做某事 I am curious to know the result of the test. 我好奇想知道考试结果。 2. invent v. 发明；创造 【变形】invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明家 【句型】 ① invent sth. 发明某物 Franklin invented many useful things in his life. 富兰克林一生发明了很多有用的东西。 【辨析】invent（发明创造新事物）；discover（发现已存在的事物） 3. success n. 成功 【变形】successful adj. 成功的；successfully adv. 成功地；succeed v. 成功 【句型】 ① achieve success 获得成功 You will achieve success if you keep working hard. 如果你坚持努力，就会获得成功。 ② the secret to success 成功的秘诀 Hard work is the secret to success. 努力是成功的秘诀。 4. improve v. 改进；改善 【变形】improvement n. 改善；提高 【句型】 ① improve sth. 改善某事 I want to improve my English speaking skills. 我想提高我的英语口语技能。 ② improve in sth. 在某方面进步 He has improved a lot in writing. 他在写作方面进步很大。 5. pronounce v. 发音 【变形】pronunciation n. 发音 【句型】 ① pronounce sth. correctly 正确发音 You should learn to pronounce each word correctly. 你应该学会正确读每个单词。 ② practise pronunciation 练习发音 It's important to practise pronunciation every day. 每天练习发音很重要。 6. teach oneself 自学 【同义】learn...by oneself 【句型】 ① teach oneself sth. 自学某事 He taught himself French when he was young. 他年轻时自学了法语。 ② teach oneself to do sth. 自学做某事 She taught herself to play the piano. 她自学弹钢琴。 二、核心语法精讲 语法主题一：副词比较级与最高级 1. 三种基本形式说明 副词分为原级、比较级、最高级。 - 比较级：用于两者动作对比，意为“更……地”，常搭配than； - 最高级：用于三者及以上范围，意为“最……地”，前面一般加the，搭配in/of/among说明范围。 2. 比较级、最高级变化规则 （1）规则变化 ① 一般单音节副词直接加-er / -est eg：fast → faster → fastest 例：He runs faster than me. 他跑得比我快。 ② 以不发音字母e结尾，加-r / -st eg：late → later → latest 例：She arrived later than usual. 她比平时到得晚。 ③ 辅音字母 + y结尾，变y为i，再加-er/-est eg：early → earlier → earliest 例：I get up earlier than my sister. 我比我妹妹起床早。 ④ 多音节词/部分双音节词，前面加more（比较级）/most（最高级） eg：quickly → more quickly → most quickly carefully → more carefully → most carefully 例：She writes more carefully than me. 她写得比我认真。 （2）不规则变化 well → better → best badly → worse → worst much → more → most 例：She sings better than me. 她唱歌比我好。 3. 核心基础句型 （1）比较级基础句型：主语 + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B 含义：A比B更……地做某事 例句：Millie reads faster than Sandy. 米莉读得比桑迪快。 补充：much / a little / even 可修饰比较级表程度 例句：He works much harder than before. 他比以前努力得多。 （2）最高级基础句型：主语 + 实义动词 + (the) + 副词最高级 + 范围(in/of/among) 含义：A在某范围内做某事最…… 例句：She learns the fastest in our class. 她是我们班学得最快的。 4. 单元两大特殊高分句型 句型① one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 含义：最……之一 【用法要点】最高级前必须加the；后面名词用复数；作主语时谓语动词用单数。 例句：This is one of the most useful ways to learn English. 这是学习英语最有用的方法之一。 句型② The + 比较级，the + 比较级 含义：越……，就越…… 【用法要点】前后都用比较级，前半句表条件，后半句表结果。 例句：The more you read, the better you will write. 你读得越多，写得就越好。 语法主题二：反身代词 1. 基本概念 反身代词表示“某人自己”，当主语和宾语是同一个人或事物时，使用反身代词。 2. 单复数形式 单数 复数 myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself themselves herself / itself / 3. 核心用法 （1）作宾语：放在动词或介词后面 例句：She taught herself English. 她自学英语。 You should learn to look after yourself. 你应该学会照顾自己。 （2）作同位语：放在名词或代词后，起强调作用 例句：You can do it yourself. 你可以自己做这件事。 He himself finished the whole work. 他独自完成了全部工作。 4. 常见固定搭配 teach oneself 自学；enjoy oneself 玩得开心；by oneself 独自地 help oneself to 随便吃/用；look after oneself 照顾自己；set goals for oneself 为自己设定目标 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 本单元写作话题为“学习方法与成长”，属于成长感悟类记叙文。 写作核心要求：围绕“学会学习”主题，运用副词比较级、最高级描述学习变化，结合具体事例体现学习过程，表达对学习的感悟。 考察语法：副词比较级与最高级、反身代词、teach oneself等单元重点短语； 考察情感：突出坚持、好奇、终身学习等成长内涵。 2. 写作框架（三段式标准结构） 第一段：开篇引入（总起） 内容：点明学习中遇到的问题、最初的困扰。 万能句：I used to have trouble with... At first, I didn’t know how to deal with it. 第二段：主体描写（核心得分段） 分层1：下定决心：点明想要改变的想法 分层2：具体方法：运用单元短语描述学习方法 分层3：过程与结果：描述坚持的过程和取得的进步 第三段：结尾升华（抒情收尾） 内容：总结学习感悟，升华主题。 万能句：Practice makes perfect. I’ve learned that as long as we keep trying, nothing is impossible. 3. 写作素材 （1）学习困难词汇 pronunciation 发音；grammar 语法；spelling 拼写；listening 听力 比较级：more difficult 更难；worse 更差 （2）学习方法词汇（单元核心） make a study plan 制定学习计划；practise every day 每天练习 teach oneself 自学；listen to tapes 听磁带；take notes 记笔记 （3）高频写作短语 fall behind 落后；make progress 取得进步；step by step 一步步地 little by little 渐渐地；as long as 只要 （4）加分句型 1. The + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……越…… 2. To be honest, … 说实话，…… 3. It is + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的 4. 范文背诵 How I improved my English I used to have trouble with my English pronunciation. To my surprise, many foreign tourists couldn’t understand me when I spoke English. I felt upset and decided to make a change. Then I made a study plan. Every morning, I spent 10 minutes listening to English tapes and repeated after them. I also recorded my voice and compared it with the tape. Little by little, my pronunciation became much better. Now I can speak English clearly and even work as a volunteer to help foreigners. Practice makes perfect. I’ve learned that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty. The more we practise, the better we will become. 易错点1：形容词与副词用法混淆（hard / hardly） 【错因辨析】 1. 混淆词性：hard既可作形容词也可作副词，意为“努力的/地；困难的/地”；hardly是副词，意为“几乎不”，表否定含义。 2. 中式误区：容易误以为hardly是hard的副词形式。 【一句话辨异】 努力学习用study hard，几乎不用hardly。 【助记口诀】 hard形副同形义，hardly表否定意。 【对点训练】 1. He works very ______ and always gets good grades. A. hard B. hardly 【答案】A 【解析】work hard 表示“努力学习/工作”，hard此处作副词，意为“努力地”；hardly表否定，含义为“几乎不”，不符合句意。 2. It’s ______ to learn a new language well in a short time. A. hard B. hardly 【答案】A 【解析】It’s hard to do sth. 为固定句型，hard作形容词表示“困难的”；hardly是副词不能放在be动词后作表语。 3. I can ______ believe my eyes. He has improved so much. A. hard B. hardly 【答案】B 【解析】hardly 副词，意为“几乎不”，can hardly believe 表示“几乎不敢相信”，符合语境；hard无此否定含义。 易错点2：反身代词单复数与指代一致 【错因辨析】 1. 单复数混淆：主语是单数用-self，复数用-selves。 2. 指代不一致：反身代词要和主语在人称和数上保持一致。 3. 易错拼写：myself（我自己）、yourself（你自己）、themselves（他们自己） 【一句话辨异】 主语单复数对应反身代词单复数，人称要一致。 【助记口诀】 反身代词莫乱用，主语一致记心中；单数self复数selves，人称对应别出错。 【对点训练】 单项选择 1. She taught ______ English when she was free. A. herself B. himself C. myself 【答案】A 【解析】句子主语是she，反身代词要和主语人称、数保持一致，对应herself；himself对应男性，myself对应“我”。 2. We should learn to look after ______ when we are alone. A. us B. ourselves C. ourself 【答案】B 【解析】主语we是复数，反身代词用ourselves；us为人称代词宾格，ourself为错误拼写。 3. The little boy can dress ______ now. A. him B. his C. himself 【答案】C 【解析】主语the little boy为单数男性，dress oneself表示“自己穿衣服”，要用反身代词himself；him人称宾格，his物主代词，均不符合搭配。 易错点3：副词比较级的修饰词误用（more / much） 【错因辨析】 1. 误区1：用more修饰比较级，如more faster（错误）；more本身构成多音节副词比较级，不能再加在比较级前。 2. 误区2：much修饰比较级，表“……得多”，可修饰所有比较级。 3. 误区3：多音节副词变形混乱，误写成carefullyer。 【一句话辨异】 比较级前不用more修饰，much用来加深程度；多音节副词只在前加more。 【助记口诀】 比较级前不用more，much来把程度提；多音节词怎么变，只在前面加more。 【对点训练】 单项选择 1. She speaks English ______ better than before. A. more B. much C. very 【答案】B 【解析】better是比较级；much可以修饰比较级，意为“……得多”；more用来构成多音节词的比较级，不能修饰已经变形的比较级；very只能修饰原级。 2. He writes ______ carefully than his deskmate. A. much more B. much C. more much 【答案】A 【解析】carefully是多音节副词，比较级为more carefully；much放在比较级前加强程度，正确语序为much more carefully；more much语序错误，much不能直接修饰carefully。 3. Tom runs ______ faster than any other boy in his class. A. more B. much C. very 【答案】B 【解析】faster是比较级；much修饰比较级，表示“快得多”；more不能修饰faster；very只能修饰形容词、副词原级。 一、根据汉语提示写出单词 1. A good ______(学习者) should have good learning skills. 2. Benjamin Franklin was a great ______(发明家) in history. 3. He has a ______(天赋) for music and plays the piano very well. 4. Learning is a ______(终身的) journey for everyone. 5. The little boy is ______(好奇的) about everything around him. 6. Can you ______(翻译) this sentence into Chinese? 7. It’s important to have good ______(发音) when learning a language. 8. I don’t know the ______(语法) rules of this language. 9. Please ______(重复) what I said just now. 10. With hard work, you will finally achieve ______(成功). 11. We should ______(改进) our learning methods step by step. 12. He can speak many ______(方言) of Chinese. 13. Write down the key ______(句子) in your notebook. 14. His ______(拼写) is very poor. He makes lots of mistakes. 15. ______(此外), we should also do more reading after class. 16. It is ______(可能的) to learn English well if you keep practising. 17. He walked into the room ______(悄悄地) so that he wouldn’t wake others. 18. Can you finish the ______(整个的) work in one day? 19. She gave a wonderful ______(演讲) at the meeting yesterday. 20. Please read the text ______(出声地) in the morning. 21. If you don’t work hard, you will ______(落后) behind others. 22. To my ______(惊讶), he finished the task so quickly. 23. There are ______(无数的) stars in the sky at night. 24. Scientists can ______(预测) the weather now. 25. He ______(归还) the book to the library yesterday. 26. We should try our best to ______(发展) our interests. 27. You should pay ______(注意) to your mistakes and correct them. 【答案】 1. learner 2. inventor 3. talent 4. lifelong 5. curious 6. translate 7. pronunciation 8. grammar 9. repeat 10. success 11. improve 12. dialects 13. sentences 14. spelling 15. Moreover 16. possible 17. quietly 18. whole 19. speech 20. aloud 21. fall 22. surprise 23.countless 24. predict 25. returned 26. develop 27. attention 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He is one of the most famous ______(invent) in the world. 【答案】inventors 【解析】one of 后接可数名词复数，invent是动词“发明”，对应指人的名词为inventor（发明家），复数形式为inventors。 2. She is a ______(success) businesswoman and has her own company. 【答案】successful 【解析】空格修饰名词businesswoman，需要形容词作定语；success是名词，形容词形式为successful，意为“成功的”。 3. The boy is old enough to dress ______(he). 【答案】himself 【解析】固定搭配dress oneself 表示“自己穿衣服”；主语the boy为单数男性，反身代词对应himself。 4. You can learn English by ______(you) if you work hard. 【答案】yourself / yourselves 【解析】固定搭配by oneself 表示“独自地”；主语you可表单数“你”或复数“你们”，对应反身代词yourself或yourselves。 5. She reads ______(fast) than any other girl in her class. 【答案】faster 【解析】than是比较级标志词；fast是副词修饰动词reads，比较级形式为faster。 6. He works the ______(hard) among all the students. 【答案】hardest 【解析】among all the students表示三者及以上范围，要用最高级；hard副词最高级为hardest，意为“最努力地”。 7. ______(learn) a new language takes time and patience. 【答案】Learning 【解析】句子缺少主语，动名词作主语表一般性动作；learn变动名词learning，句首首字母大写。 8. I want to improve my ______(pronounce) by listening to tapes. 【答案】pronunciation 【解析】形容词性物主代词my后接名词；pronounce是动词，名词形式为pronunciation，意为“发音”。 9. We enjoyed ______(we) at the party last night. 【答案】ourselves 【解析】固定搭配enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”；主语we是复数，反身代词用ourselves。 10. The ______(much) you practise, the ______(good) you will become. 【答案】more; better 【解析】“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”为固定句型，意为“越……越……”；much的比较级是more，good的比较级是better。 11. He taught ______(he) to play the guitar when he was young. 【答案】himself 【解析】固定搭配teach oneself 表示“自学”；主语he为单数男性，反身代词用himself。 12. It’s important for us ______(learn) how to learn. 【答案】to learn 【解析】固定句型It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.，it作形式主语，真正主语为不定式to learn。 13. She spoke ______(slow) so that everyone could understand her. 【答案】slowly 【解析】空格修饰动词spoke，需要用副词；slow是形容词，副词形式为slowly，意为“缓慢地”。 14. There are many different ______(method) to learn English. 【答案】methods 【解析】many后接可数名词复数；method表示“方法”，复数形式为methods。 15. He is ______(curious) about the result of the experiment. 【答案】curious 【解析】固定搭配be curious about 表示“对……好奇”；curious是形容词，在句中作表语。 16. I think this is the ______(useful) way of all. 【答案】most useful 【解析】of all表示三者及以上范围，要用最高级；useful是多音节形容词，最高级为most useful。 17. His ______(invent) have changed people’s lives a lot. 【答案】inventions 【解析】形容词性物主代词his后接名词作主语；invent是动词，名词invention表示“发明物”，谓语have为复数，主语用复数inventions。 18. We should try our best ______(improve) our study. 【答案】to improve 【解析】固定搭配try one’s best to do sth. 表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，后跟动词不定式。 19. ______(lucky), he passed the exam at last. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】空格修饰整个句子，需要副词作状语；lucky是形容词，副词形式为luckily，句首首字母大写。 20. The story is ______(bore) and I feel sleepy. 【答案】boring 【解析】空格修饰事物story，用-ing形容词；boring表示“令人无聊的”，符合事物作主语的语境。 三、单项选择 1. —What do you think is important for successful learning? —I think ______ is the most important. If you want to learn, you’ll work harder. A. talent B. drive C. method D. plan 【答案】B 【解析】drive意为“动力”，后文“如果你想要学习，就会更努力”对应学习的内在动力；talent天赋，method方法，plan计划，均不符合语境逻辑。 2. Benjamin Franklin taught himself by ______ a lot of books. A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads 【答案】B 【解析】by是介词，后接动名词形式；by doing sth. 表示“通过做某事”，用来说明方式，read的动名词为reading。 3. The ______ you study, the ______ grades you will get. A. harder; better B. harder; good C. hard; better D. hard; good 【答案】A 【解析】“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”；hard的比较级为harder，good的比较级为better。 4. She can speak English ______ than me. A. more better B. much better C. very better D. so better 【答案】B 【解析】better是well的比较级；much可放在比较级前加强程度，意为“……得多”；more、very、so均不能修饰比较级。 5. —How do you learn English so well? —I learn it ______ listening to tapes and repeating every day. A. by B. with C. in D. for 【答案】A 【解析】by doing sth. 表示“通过某种方式做某事”，符合答句说明学习方法的语境；with后接工具，in后接语言，for表目的。 6. Don’t worry. You can do it ______. A. you B. your C. yourself D. yours 【答案】C 【解析】反身代词yourself表示“你自己”，在句中作同位语，强调主语独立完成；you人称代词，your形容词性物主代词，yours名词性物主代词，均不符合句意。 7. He is a great inventor. He has ______ many useful things. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. created 【答案】B 【解析】invent意为“发明”，指创造出原本不存在的新事物，对应前文inventor（发明家）；discover发现已存在的事物，find找到，create创作，均不符合语境。 8. —I find ______ hard to learn grammar well. —Don’t give up. You will make it. A. that B. this C. it D. its 【答案】C 【解析】固定结构find it + adj. + to do sth.，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式to learn grammar well。 9. ______ my surprise, he could speak three foreign languages at the age of ten. A. In B. To C. For D. With 【答案】B 【解析】固定短语to one’s surprise 意为“令某人惊讶的是”，句首单词首字母大写。 10. —What is Tom like? —He is very ______ and always asks lots of questions. A. humorous B. honest C. curious D. patient 【答案】C 【解析】后文“总是问很多问题”体现出很强的好奇心，curious意为“好奇的”；humorous幽默的，honest诚实的，patient耐心的，均不符合语境。 11. We should try to speak English as ______ as possible in class. A. many B. much C. more D. most 【答案】B 【解析】固定结构as…as possible 意为“尽可能……”，中间用原级；修饰动词speak用副词much，as much as possible表示“尽可能多地”。 12. He is one of ______ students in our school. A. the best B. best C. better D. good 【答案】A 【解析】one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数为固定结构，意为“最……之一”；good的最高级为best，最高级前必须加定冠词the。 13. —Why not ______ a study plan first? —Good idea. It will help us manage time well. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 【答案】A 【解析】固定句型Why not do sth.? 用于提出建议，意为“为什么不做某事呢”，后跟动词原形。 14. She ______ her mistakes and corrected them carefully. A. paid attention to B. was aware of C. was good at D. was interested in 【答案】A 【解析】pay attention to 意为“注意；关注”，句意为“她注意到自己的错误并认真改正”；be aware of意识到，be good at擅长，be interested in感兴趣，均不符合句意。 15. Learning is a journey. We should never stop ______. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事”；stop to do sth. 表示“停下来去做另一件事”；此处表示停止学习，用动名词learning。 16. —I’m very worried about my English test. —______! I’m sure you can do well. A. Cheer up B. No problem C. That’s right D. Don’t mention it 【答案】A 【解析】对方担心考试，用Cheer up“振作起来”进行安慰；No problem没问题，That’s right没错，Don’t mention it不客气，均不符合安慰的语境。 17. He worked very late last night ______ finish the task on time. A. in order that B. in order to C. so that D. because of 【答案】B 【解析】in order to 后接动词原形，表目的“为了”；in order that、so that后接从句；because of后接名词短语，空格后为动词原形finish。 18. —Do you enjoy ______ English by yourself? —Yes, I find it interesting. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配enjoy doing sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”，enjoy后接动名词作宾语。 19. This is the best film I have ______ seen. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet 【答案】A 【解析】ever常用于现在完成时的肯定句中，意为“曾经”，I have ever seen作定语修饰film；never从不，already已经，yet多用于否定句和疑问句。 20. —How can I improve my writing? —______ more reading is a good way. A. Do B. Doing C. Does D. Did 【答案】B 【解析】句子缺少主语，动名词作主语表示一般性、习惯性的动作；do的动名词为doing，句首首字母大写。 四、阅读理解 A Benjamin Franklin was a great American writer, scientist, inventor and politician. He was born in 1706 and had 16 brothers and sisters. He only went to school for two years, but he never stopped learning. When he was young, he worked in his brother’s print shop. He borrowed books from booksellers and read late at night. In this way, he taught himself many things. He was very curious about the world. Once he studied storms and found that storms move from one place to another. This helped people predict the weather. Franklin loved science and invented many things, like the special glasses for old people. He didn’t make money from his inventions. He let people use them for free. He saw learning as a lifelong journey and always kept trying new things. 1. How long did Franklin go to school? A. For one year. B. For two years. C. For three years. D. For four years. 2. How did Franklin teach himself? A. By reading a lot of books. B. By going to night school. C. By asking his brother for help. D. By listening to others. 3. What did Franklin find when he studied storms? A. Storms could never be predicted. B. Storms moved from place to place. C. Storms usually happened at night. D. Storms were not dangerous at all. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Franklin was born in a small family. B. Franklin made lots of money from his inventions. C. Franklin thought learning was an endless journey. D. Franklin invented the printing machine. 5. What can we learn from Franklin? A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Practice makes perfect. C. A good beginning is half done. D. Failure is the mother of success. 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 【解析】本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文，讲述了美国著名人物本杰明·富兰克林终身学习的故事，展现了他对知识的热爱与探索精神，阐明了终身学习的理念。 1. 句意：富兰克林上过多久的学？原文第一段明确提到He only went to school for two years，说明他只接受了两年的学校教育；B选项“两年”与原文内容一致，其余选项时长均不符合原文表述，故选B。 2. 句意：富兰克林是如何自学的？原文第二段提到He borrowed books from booksellers and read late at night. In this way, he taught himself many things，说明他通过大量阅读书籍完成自学；A选项“通过阅读大量书籍”符合原文，其余选项的学习方式文中均未提及，故选A。 3. 句意：富兰克林研究暴风雨时有什么发现？原文第二段指出Once he studied storms and found that storms move from one place to another，即他发现暴风雨会从一个地方移动到另一个地方；B选项与原文表述完全对应，其余选项均与原文内容不符，故选B。 4. 句意：根据短文内容，以下哪一项表述正确？原文第三段提到He saw learning as a lifelong journey，lifelong意为“终身的”，与endless（无尽的）表意一致，C选项符合文意；A选项“富兰克林出生在小家庭”与原文had 16 brothers and sisters的大家庭背景不符；B选项“靠发明赚了很多钱”与原文He didn’t make money from his inventions相悖；D选项“发明了印刷机”文中未提及，他只是在印刷店工作，故选C。 5. 句意：我们能从富兰克林身上学到什么？全文围绕富兰克林仅上过两年学却一生坚持学习、不断探索的经历展开，核心主旨是终身学习，什么时候开始都不晚；A选项“活到老，学到老”契合文章主旨；B选项“熟能生巧”、C选项“好的开端是成功的一半”、D选项“失败是成功之母”均不是本文传达的核心道理，故选A。 B Zhao Yuanren is a famous Chinese language master. He could speak over 30 Chinese dialects and several foreign languages like English, French and German. Zhao had many good ways to learn languages. First, he spent a lot of time reading, listening and speaking the language. When he went to a new place, he would talk with local people. He put himself in the language environment so he could learn quickly. Second, he always carried a pen and paper to write down useful sentences. He thought it was better to learn sentences than single words. Third, he was interested in languages and kept practising every day. Learning a new language is not easy, but if we use the right ways, it will become much easier. 1. How many Chinese dialects could Zhao Yuanren speak? A. About 20. B. Over 30. C. About 40. D. Over 50. 2. What does the underlined word “environment” mean in Chinese? A. 环境 B. 习惯 C. 方法 D. 计划 3. Which of the following is NOT Zhao’s way of learning languages? A. Talking with local people. B. Writing down useful sentences. C. Learning sentences instead of words. D. Watching films in the language. 4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. Zhao’s talent for languages. B. Zhao’s ways of learning languages. C. Zhao’s early life experience. D. Zhao’s achievements in language. 5. What can we learn from the passage? A. It’s impossible to learn many languages. B. Right methods help a lot in language learning. C. Talent is the most important for learning. D. We should learn different dialects. 【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了语言大师赵元任的语言学习经历与方法，说明了正确的学习方法对语言学习的重要作用。 1. 句意：赵元任会说多少种中国方言？原文第一段明确说明He could speak over 30 Chinese dialects and several foreign languages，over意为“超过”，对应B选项“30多种”；其余选项的数量均与原文不符，故选B。 2. 句意：划线单词“environment”的中文意思是什么？原文对应句He put himself in the language environment so he could learn quickly，结合前文“去新地方和当地人交谈”的语境，可知是把自己置身于语言环境中；environment意为“环境”，故选A。 3. 句意：以下哪一项不是赵元任的语言学习方法？原文第二段列举了他的三种学习方法：和当地人交谈、写下有用的句子、学习句子而非单个单词，分别对应A、B、C选项；D选项“看该语言的电影”文中完全没有提及，不属于他的学习方法，故选D。 4. 句意：第二段的主旨是什么？第二段首句Zhao had many good ways to learn languages为段落总起句，后文分点介绍了具体的学习方法，整段都在讲赵元任的语言学习方法；B选项准确概括段落主旨，其余选项均不是第二段的核心内容，故选B。 5. 句意：我们能从这篇文章中学到什么？文章通过介绍赵元任高效的语言学习方法，点明了正确方法对语言学习的促进作用；B选项“正确的方法对语言学习帮助很大”符合文章主旨；A选项“学很多语言是不可能的”与原文相悖；C选项“天赋是学习最重要的因素”文中未强调天赋，重点在方法；D选项“我们应该学习不同的方言”偏离文章核心，故选B。 五、首字母填空 How can we become good English learners? Here is some advice for you. First, be 1.c______ about English. Interest is the best teacher. If you are interested in English, you will learn it more 2.e______. Second, make a study 3.p______. It can help you manage your time well. You should spend enough time 4.p______ your English every day. Don’t be afraid of making 5.m______. Third, use different learning 6.m______. You can learn by listening to tapes, reading English stories or 7.t______ with others. Don’t just learn single words. Try to learn whole 8.s______ instead. Fourth, learn to teach 9.y______. You can review what you have learned by yourself. If you can keep doing these things, you will be a 10.s______ learner one day. 【答案】 1.curious 2.easily 3.plan 4.practising 5.mistakes 6.methods 7.talking 8.sentences 9.yourself 10.successful 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成为优秀英语学习者的四条实用建议，围绕科学的学习方法与习惯展开。 1. 句意：首先，要对英语充满好奇。兴趣是最好的老师。固定搭配be curious about 表示“对……好奇”，curious为形容词，在be动词后作表语，契合后文“兴趣是最好的老师”的逻辑，故填curious。 2. 句意：如果你对英语感兴趣，学起来就会更容易。此处副词修饰动词learn，easy的副词形式easily表示“容易地”，more easily为比较级，意为“更容易地”，故填easily。 3. 句意：第二，制定一份学习计划。它能帮你很好地管理时间。固定短语make a study plan 表示“制定学习计划”，plan为名词“计划”，前有a修饰用单数形式，故填plan。 4. 句意：你应该每天花足够的时间练习英语。固定搭配spend time doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”，practise表示“练习”，变动名词practising，故填practising。 5. 句意：不要害怕犯错。固定搭配make mistakes 表示“犯错”，mistake为可数名词，此处用复数表泛指各类错误，故填mistakes。 6. 句意：第三，使用不同的学习方法。different后接可数名词复数，method表示“方法”，复数形式methods，对应后文列举的多种学习途径，故填methods。 7. 句意：你可以通过听磁带、读英语故事或者和他人交谈来学习。or并列三个动名词短语作介词by的宾语，talk with sb. 表示“和某人交谈”，talk变动名词talking，与listening、reading形式保持一致，故填talking。 8. 句意：不要只学单个单词，试着去学完整的句子。whole后接名词，对应前文single words，sentence表示“句子”，用复数sentences表泛指，故填sentences。 9. 句意：第四，学会自学。固定搭配teach oneself 表示“自学”；本句为祈使句，隐含主语为you，反身代词对应yourself，故填yourself。 10. 句意：如果你能坚持做这些事，总有一天你会成为一名成功的学习者。此处形容词修饰名词learner，successful表示“成功的”，符合语境，故填successful。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $