内容正文:
新译林版八上U7单元笔记
Unit 7 The natural world 自然世界
必背知识点
1. 一半的 half of
2. 是…的家园/栖息地 be home to
3. 大小各异 be of different sizes
4. 所有的生物和非生物 all the living and non‑living things
5. 发挥作用;有责任 have a role to play
6. 在地球上;究竟 on earth
7. 许多;大量 plenty of = lots of = tons of
8. 清除;摆脱 get rid of
9. 形成,构成 make up
10. 三分之一的… a third of
11. 吸收;吸入 take in
12. 数百万的;大量的 millions of
13. 为…生产/制造… produce … for …
14. 而且;此外 what's more
15. 在…方面起重要作用 play an important role in
16. 慢下来;减缓;减速 slow down
17. 气候变化 climate change
18. 面临一个严重问题 face a serious problem
19. 采取行动 take action
20. 全年 all year round
21. 以…为食 feed on
22. 相当多;不少 quite a few
23. 听说 hear about
24. 为…担心;担忧… be worried about
25. 人类活动 human activities
26. 关注;注意 pay attention to
27. 找到做某事的方法 find ways to do sth.
28. 在…的东北部 in the north‑east of…
29. 导致 lead to
30. 给…带来麻烦 bring trouble to
31. …的数量 the number of…
32. 建立;创建 set up
33. 确保 make sure
34. 请求 ask for
35. 担任;以…身份工作 work as
36. 周而复始 go on and on
37. 对…有害 do harm to
单词精讲
1. support vt. 维持;养活;支持;拥护 n. 支持
support for … 对…的支持
with one's support 在某人的支持下
in support of sb/sth 支持某人/某事
2. so + adj. + that 如此…以至于…
such + 名词短语 + that
3. hold vt. 容纳;包含 (held, held);举行;召开;拿着,握住;支撑
4. living n. 生计 adj. 活着的
do sth for a living 靠做…谋生
living things 生物
non‑living adj. 非生物的
5. balance n. 平衡
a. keep/achieve a balance between …and … 在…和…之间保持/实现平衡
b. balanced adj. 平衡的
a balanced relationship 一个平衡的关系
6. produce v. 生产,产生
product n. 产品
production n. 生产;产量
7. trap v. 吸收;使落入险境;把…困住
n. 陷阱;圈套
trapped adj. 受困的,困住的;受限的
8. act vi. 充当,起作用,行动 vt. 扮演,表演
n. 行为,举动
a. act as 担任,充当,起…的作用
b. act to do sth. 采取行动做某事
c. act out 将…表演出来
actor n. 演员
actress n. 女演员
action n. 行动
9. Forests make up nearly a third of the earth's land area.
森林占地球陆地面积的近三分之一。
(1) make up ①形成,构成 = be made up of ②编造 ③化妆
(2) nearly adv. 几乎,差不多,将近 ≈ almost
(3)分数表达:$\frac13$ → one‑third $\frac35$ → three‑fifths
分子基,分母序。分子大于一,分母后加s。
10. take 用法
take in 吸收,吸入
take down 拆除,记录
take away 拿走,拿开
take out 取出
take up 开始做;占据
take off 脱掉;起飞
11. cause vt. 使发生,造成,导致
cause sb to do sth. 使某人做某事
the cause of … …的原因
12. cover n. 躲避处,庇护所;罩子;盖子;封面
vt. 范围为,占;覆盖,掩盖
cover an area of … 占地面积为…
cover … with sth 用某物把…覆盖
be covered with … 被…覆盖
13. lead v. 造成,导致;领导,带领 (led, led)
a. lead to 导致 ≈ cause = result in
b. lead sb to do sth. 导致/促使某人做某事
14. create vt. 创建,创造;创作
creation n. 创造物;作品;创造;创作
creator n. 创造者
creative adj. 有创造力的
15. throw v. (threw, thrown) 扔;掷;投
throw at 向…扔(恶意)
throw to 扔给…(不含恶意)
throw away 扔掉,丢弃
词性变化 Unit7
1. include v. 包含 → including prep. 包括
2. hold v. 容纳,拿着,举行 → held(过去式);hold on 等一等;hold up 支撑得住
3. prevent v. 防止,阻止 → prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
4. store n. 商店,v. 储存 → bookstore n. 书店 → storage n. 储存
5. trap v. 吸收,使落入险境 → trapped(过去式)
6. sad adj. 伤心的 → sadly adv. 伤心地 → sadness n. 伤心;harmless adj. 无害的
7. harm v./n. 伤害,损害 → harmful adj. 有害的 → do harm to 对…造成伤害 → be harmful to 对…有害
8. noise n. 噪音 → noisy adj. 充满噪声,吵闹的
9. cause v. 使发生,造成,导致 n. 理由 → the cause of …的原因
10. cover n. 躲避处,罩子,封面 v. 覆盖,报道 → be covered with 被…覆盖
11. rare adj. 稀罕的,珍贵的 → rarely adv. 很少,罕有 → rare birds 稀有鸟类
12. lead v. 造成,带领 n. 主角 → leader n. 领导 → take the lead 取得领先 → lead to 导致
13. create v. 创建,创造 → creative adj. 有创造力的
14. balance v./n. 平衡 → balanced adj. 保持平衡的 → keep a balance between 在…之间保持平衡
15. environment n. 环境 → environmental adj. 环境的 → environment‑friendly adj. 环保的,不损害环境的
Grammar
A. 动词与句子结构
详情在Unit 6 Grammar
B. 使用 and, but , or 和 so
连词用法
and 和,又,表示并列关系、顺承关系
but 但是,表示转折关系,所连接的成分在意义上往往相反
or 或者,表示选择关系;否则,表示与上文条件相反的结果
so 因此,所以,表示因果关系,常用来连接两个简单句
祈使句 + and + 陈述句 …,就…
祈使句 + or + 陈述句 …,否则…
作文精讲 Unit7
Protect the Rainforest
保护雨林
The rainforest is a key part of our natural world. It is home to about half of animal species. It plays an important role in adjusting the climate and helping clean the air.
The rainforest is very important for us. However, it is facing some problems. Every year, lots of rainforests are destroyed because people cut down trees for wood and to make space for farming. It's time for us to take action and protect the rainforest.
As students, we can tell people around us the importance of rainforests and ask more people to join us. What's more, the government should stop people from cutting down trees and doing other harmful things to rainforests.
We all hope that rainforests can be more beautiful.
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