Unit 3 Better you，better me（知识清单）英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单围绕“自我提升与成长”主题，涵盖分类词汇、实用短语、交际句型、核心语法及写作指导五大知识范畴，搭建从基础词汇积累到语法规则应用再到写作实践输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类分级构建知识体系，如词汇按人物品质等四类呈现，语法分5点精讲，体现完整性与条理性。设计“易错点标注”如practice后接doing、“记忆助记”如strict的with/in区分口诀、“写作框架”如自我介绍模板，培养学生语言能力和学习能力，不同基础学生可高效掌握，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 3 Better you, better me 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质性格名词 & 形容词： 1.unique (adj. 独特的) Everyone is unique in the world.（世界上每个人都是独一无二的。）2.confident (adj. 自信的) She feels confident when she speaks in public.（她当众发言时很自信。） 3.strict (adj. 严格的) My parents are strict with me in my study.（我的父母在学习上对我要求严格。） 4.honest (adj. 诚实的) An honest boy never tells lies.（诚实的男孩从不说谎。） 5.active (adj. 积极的) He takes an active part in all kinds of after‑school activities.（他积极参加各类课外活动。） 6.strength (n. 长处；优势) Everyone has different strengths and weaknesses.（每个人都有不同的长处和短处。） 7.talent (n. 天赋；才能) She has a talent for playing the piano.（她有弹钢琴的天赋。） 8.ability (n. 能力) Practice can improve your different abilities.（练习可以提升你的各项能力。） 2、 成长行为动词： 1. describe (v. 描述) Please describe yourself in a short report.（请在简短报告中描述你自己。）2.improve (v. 提高；改善) I want to improve my English this term.（这学期我想要提高我的英语。） 2. practice (v. 练习) You need to practice speaking every day.（你需要每天练习口语。）4.encourage (v. 鼓励) My classmates often encourage me not to give up.（同学们经常鼓励我不要放弃。） 5. overcome (v. 克服) Try your best to overcome your difficulties.（尽全力去克服你的困难。）6.fail (v. 失败；未能做到) Don’t be upset when you fail.（失败的时候不要沮丧。） 7.succeed (v. 成功) If you keep trying, you will succeed.（如果你不断尝试，你将会成功。）8.accept (v. 接受) We should accept our weak points bravely.（我们应当勇敢接受自己的缺点。） 三、描述感受与评价形容词： 1.challenging (adj. 有挑战性的) This task is a little challenging for me.（这项任务对我来说有点挑战性。） 2.perfect (adj. 完美的) Nobody is perfect in the world.（世上没有人是完美的。） 3.nervous (adj. 紧张的) I feel nervous before giving a speech.（演讲前我感到紧张。） 4.proud (adj. 自豪的) I am proud of my small progress.（我为自己小小的进步感到自豪。）5.personal (adj. 个人的) These are my personal ideas.（这些是我的个人想法。） 6.average (adj. 普通的；中等的) He gets average grades in most subjects.（他大部分科目成绩中等。） 四、数量与其他核心词: 1.bit (n. 一点儿) I am a bit tired after long‑time practice.（长时间练习之后我有点儿累。）2.effort (n. 努力) Great effort brings great progress.（巨大的努力带来巨大的进步。） 3.progress (n. 进步) He makes great progress in his sports skills.（他的运动技能取得很大进步。） 4.challenge (n. 挑战) It is a big challenge for me.（这对我来说是一项巨大的挑战。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1.practice doing sth（练习做某事）He practices shooting every afternoon.（他每天下午练习投篮。） 2.believe in oneself（相信自己）Believe in yourself and you can do better.（相信你自己，你可以做得更好。） 3.make progress（取得进步）You will make progress if you keep working hard.（坚持努力，你就会取得进步。） 4.overcome difficulties（克服困难）We should learn to overcome difficulties in our life.（我们要学会克服生活中的困难。） 5.make mistakes（犯错误）It’s OK to make mistakes when we learn new things.（学习新事物时犯错没关系。） 6.learn from mistakes（从错误中学习）We should learn from our own mistakes.（我们应当从自己的错误中学习。） 7.give up（放弃）Never give up when you meet troubles.（遇到麻烦永远不要放弃。） 8.come up with（想出）Can you come up with some good advice?（你能想出一些好建议吗？） 二、固定搭配短语 1.be supposed to do（应当；应该做某事）You are supposed to finish your report on time.（你应当按时完成你的报告。） 2.be strict with sb（对某人严格）Our coach is strict with every player.（教练对每一位队员都很严格。） 3.be proud of（为…… 感到自豪）My parents are proud of my progress.（父母为我的进步感到自豪。） 4.be good at（擅长……）She is good at playing the violin.（她擅长拉小提琴。） 5.a bit（有点儿）The problem is a bit hard for Grade‑Eight students.（这道题对八年级学生来说有点难。） 6.make it（获得成功）Keep trying and you will make it.（继续努力，你会取得成功。） 7.take an active part in（积极参加）He takes an active part in group activities.（他积极参加小组活动。） 8.be born with（天生具有）He is born with musical talent.（他天生拥有音乐天赋。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问描述个人特质： 1.What makes you unique?（是什么让你与众不同？） 2.What are your strengths and weaknesses?（你的长处和短处是什么？） 3.What are you good at?（你擅长什么？） 二、表达鼓励与自我认知： 1.Nobody is perfect. We all have our strong points and weak points.（没有人是完美的，我们都有优缺点。） 2.Don’t be too hard on yourself.（不要对自己太苛刻。） 3.Believe in yourself and keep trying.（相信你自己，不断努力。） 三、 谈论困难与进步： 1.I find this task a bit challenging.（我发现这项任务有点挑战性。） 2.The most important thing is to learn from mistakes.（最重要的事是从错误中学习。） 四、表达感受与观点： 1.Practice makes perfect.（熟能生巧。） 2.It takes lots of effort to make great progress.（取得巨大进步需要付出许多努力。） 语法 1. 并列句：连词 and /but/or /so 用法 2. 固定搭配 practice doing sth 练习做某事 3. be supposed to do sth 应当做某事 4. 固定短语辨析：be strict with sb /be proud of /be good at 5. 动词不定式作表语：The important thing is to do… 写作 话题：①介绍自己（优缺点、个人特长）； ②描述一次自我提升的经历； ③给朋友写建议信，鼓励他人正视缺点、相信自己； 一、知识点精讲 1. describe v. 描述；形容 【核心搭配】describe sb/sth（描述人 / 事物）；describe oneself 描述自己 例：Please describe yourself in a short passage.（请用短文描述你自己。） 【变形】description n. 描述 2. practice v.& n. 练习（必考搭配） 【要点】practice doing sth（后面只接动名词，不接 to do） 例：He practices running for one hour every morning.（他每天早上练习跑步一小时。） 拓展：practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 3. improve v. 改善；提高 【搭配】improve sth；improve oneself 提升自我 例：I want to improve my listening skills.（我想要提高我的听力技能。） 【变形】improvement n. 进步，改善 4. encourage v. 鼓励 【固定搭配】encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 例：My teacher encourages me to take more challenges.（老师鼓励我接受更多挑战。） 5. strict adj. 严格的 【辨析】 be strict with sb 对人严格 be strict in sth对某事严格 例：My mum is strict with me and strict in my homework.（妈妈对我严格，也对我的作业要求严格。） 6. proud adj. 自豪的 【固定短语】be proud of = take pride in 为…… 感到自豪 【区分】pride n. 自豪 例：We are proud of our small progress.（我们为自己小小的进步感到自豪。） 7. challenge n.&v. 挑战 【搭配】accept the challenge 接受挑战；face a challenge 面对挑战 【变形】challenging adj. 有挑战性的 例：It is a big challenge for me to speak in front of many people.（在很多人面前讲话对我是一大挑战。） 8. progress n. 进步（不可数名词！不能加 s） 【搭配】make great progress 取得巨大进步 例：He makes great progress in learning physics.（他学物理取得很大进步。） 9. suppose v. 猜想；认为 【必考句型】be supposed to do sth 应当 / 应该做某事 例：You are supposed to finish your homework before dinner.（你应该晚饭前完成作业。） 10. overcome v. 克服 【变形】overcame (过去式)，overcome (过去分词) 例：We should try our best to overcome our weaknesses.（我们应该尽全力克服自己的弱点。） 二、核心语法精讲 语法1 并列句（and /but/or /so）： 并列句由两个独立分句 + 并列连词构成 1. and：并列、承接，“和；并且” 例句：He is hard‑working, and he gets good grades.（他很勤奋，并且成绩很好。） 2. but：转折，“但是” 例句：He is talented, but he doesn’t work hard.（他很有天赋，但是他不努力。） 3. or：①或者（选择）；②否则 例句：Hurry up, or you will miss the chance.（快点，否则你会错过机会。） 4. so：表结果，“所以”（so 和 because 不能同时出现在一个句子） 例句：He practices every day, so he makes much progress.（他每天练习，所以取得很多进步。） 提示：一般前后分句时态保持一致。 语法 2 practice doing sth 非谓语 【用法】practice 后面只能接动名词 doing，**不能接 to do**。 【拓展同类词】enjoy /finish/mind 后接 doing 例句：She practices playing basketball after school.（她放学后练习打篮球。） 语法3 be supposed to do 应当做某事 【用法】相当于 should，用来表达责任、义务、期望。 例句：We are supposed to learn from our mistakes.（我们应当从错误中学习。） 语法 4 be strict /be proud 固定介词搭配 1. be strict with + 人；be strict in+ 事情 2. be proud **of** + 名词 / 代词 为…… 感到骄傲 语法 5 不定式作表语：The important thing is to do… be 动词后面用 to do 来说明主语的具体内容 例句：The important thing is to learn from your mistakes.（最重要的事情是从你的错误中学习。） 三、单元写作清单 【话题分析】 三类高频写作： ①自我介绍，介绍个人长处与短处； ②写一次经历，描述自己如何克服困难取得进步； ③给朋友写建议信，鼓励朋友正视缺点，相信自己。 框架 1 介绍自己（优缺点） 开头：Everyone is unique. I also have my strengths and weaknesses. 中间：My strength is that… But I have some weak points, such as… I want to improve myself by… 结尾：I believe in myself and I will try my best. 框架 2 成长经历记叙文 开头：I met a big challenge last term. 中间：At first… I practiced… I made mistakes… But I didn’t give up… Gradually I made progress. 结尾：I learn that practice makes perfect. I should believe in myself. 【高分写作素材】 好词：unique, confident, strength, weakness, challenging, effort, progress 好句： Nobody is perfect. We all have strengths and weaknesses. Practice makes perfect. The important thing is to learn from mistakes. I believe in myself and I will keep trying. 【范文背诵】 范文 1（自我介绍） Everyone is unique in the world. I also have my strengths and weaknesses. My strength is that I am active and hard‑working. I am good at playing basketball. But I have some weak points. Sometimes I feel nervous when I speak in public. It is a bit challenging for me. I will make more efforts to improve myself. I won’t give up when I make mistakes. I believe in myself and I will try my best. 范文 2（成长经历） Last term, I met a big challenge. I was poor at my spoken English. I felt nervous every time I spoke English in class. I didn’t give up. I practiced speaking English for 20 minutes every day. Sometimes I made many mistakes, but I learned from them. Gradually I made great progress. From this experience, I learn practice makes perfect. Nobody is perfect, but we can become better through hard work. 易错点 01 practice 后接 doing（选择、填空必考） 【助记】practice /enjoy/finish + doing，不接 to do 【对点训练】 He practices ______ the piano every weekend. A. play B. to play C. playing 【答案】C 【解析】practice doing sth 练习做某事，practice 后只能接动名词 doing。句意：他每周末练习弹钢琴。 易错点 02 并列连词 and /but/or /so 辨析 【助记】and 顺接，but 转折，or 或者 / 否则，so 表结果，so 不和 because 连用 【对点训练】 He is very talented, ______ he doesn’t put in enough effort. A. and B. but C. so 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他很有天赋，但是他付出的努力不够，前后语义转折，用 but。 易错点 03 be supposed to do 不定式漏 to 【助记】be supposed **to do**，to 不能丢掉 【对点训练】 We are supposed ______ from our mistakes. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 be supposed to do sth，应当做某事。句意：我们应当从错误中学习。 易错点 04 progress 不可数名词，不加‑s 【助记】make great progress，永远没有 progresses 【对点训练】 He makes great ______ in his study. A. progress B. progresses C. a progress 【答案】A 【解析】progress 是不可数名词，不能加 s，前面不能直接加 a。句意：他在学习上取得巨大进步。 易错点 05 strict 介词 with/in 区分 【助记】with + 人；in + 事 【对点训练】 Our teachers are strict ______ us ______ our homework. A. in; with B. with; in C. to; for 【答案】B 【解析】be strict with sb 对人严格；be strict in sth 对事情严格。句意：我们老师对我们和我们的作业要求严格。 一、根据首字母填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1.Nobody is p______. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses. 【答案】perfect 【详解】`is` 为系动词，后面需要形容词作表语；`perfect` 形容词，意为 “完美的”。`strengths and weaknesses` 固定表达 “长处和短处”。句意：没有人是完美的，人人都有优缺点。 2.You should d______ yourself in your short report. 【答案】describe 【详解】情态动词 `should` 后必须使用动词原形；`describe oneself` 固定搭配 “描述你自己”。句意：你应当在简短报告里描述你自己。 3.My coach always e______ me not to give up when I meet difficulties. 【答案】encourages 【详解】主语`my coach`是第三人称单数；`always`一般现在时标志，谓语动词使用三单形式。固定结构`encourage sb. not to do sth.`鼓励某人不要做某事。句意：当我遇到困难，教练总是鼓励我不要放弃。 4.It is a bit c______ for me to finish this hard task. 【答案】challenging 【详解】固定句型`It is +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.`；be 动词后接形容词作表语。`challenging`形容词 “有挑战性的”；`a bit`副词短语，修饰形容词，表示 “有点儿”。句意：完成这项艰巨任务对我来说有点挑战性。 5.If you keep working hard, you will make great p______. 【答案】progress 【详解】固定短语`make great progress`取得巨大进步。⚠️`progress`是**不可数名词**，不能加 s，也不能用 a 修饰。句意：如果你持续努力，你将会取得巨大进步。 二、根据汉语提示填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1.You are ______ (应当) to take the challenge bravely. 【答案】supposed 【详解】单元重点句型`be supposed to do sth.`，含义 “应当 / 应该做某事”，相当于情态动词`should`。be 动词根据主语变化，后面固定接`supposed`+to do。句意：你应当勇敢接受这项挑战。 2.We should learn to ______ (克服) our own weaknesses. 【答案】overcome 【详解】固定搭配`learn to do sth.`学会做某事，`to`后面接动词原形；`overcome weaknesses`克服缺点。句意：我们应当学会克服自己的缺点。 3.My parents are ______ (自豪的) of my small progress. 【答案】proud 【详解】固定短语`be proud of`=`take pride in`，“为…… 感到自豪”。⚠️区分：`proud`是形容词，放在 be 动词后；`pride`是名词。句意：我的父母为我小小的进步感到自豪。 4.He spends lots of ______ (努力) on his basketball skills. 【答案】effort 【详解】`effort`名词 “努力”，可作不可数名词；`lots of`既修饰可数复数，也修饰不可数名词；固定搭配`spend effort on sth.`在某事上付出努力。句意：他在篮球技能上付出很多努力。 5.He has a special ______ (天赋) for music. 【答案】talent 【详解】固定搭配`have a talent for…`“有…… 方面的天赋”，`a`后面接可数名词单数。句意：他拥有特殊的音乐天赋。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1.He practices ______ (run) every morning to improve his skills. 【答案】running 【详解】⚠️高频考点：`practice doing sth.`练习做某事，practice 后面只能接动名词 doing，不能接 to do 不定式。同类动词：enjoy /finish/mind 后也接 doing。句意：他每天早上练习跑步提升技能。 2.It’s important for us ______ (learn) from our own mistakes. 【答案】to learn 【详解】必考句型`It is +形容词 + for sb. to do sth.`；`it`是形式主语，没有实际含义，真正主语是后面的动词不定式 to‑do。句意：对我们来说从自己的错误中学习很重要。 3.Everyone ______ (be) unique in this world. 【答案】is 【详解】不定代词`everyone`作主语，视作第三人称单数；本句描述客观真理，用一般现在时，be 动词选用`is`。句意：这个世界上每个人都是独一无二的。 4.The important thing is ______ (believe) in yourself. 【答案】to believe 【详解】不定式作表语，放在 be 动词 is 之后，用 to‑do 来解释主语`the important thing`的具体内容。句意：重要的事情是相信你自己。 5.My teacher encourages me ______ (take) more difficult challenges. 【答案】to take 【详解】固定搭配`encourage sb. to do sth.`鼓励某人去做某事；不定式 to do 作宾语补足语。句意：老师鼓励我接受更多困难的挑战。 6.He didn’t give up and finally ______ (succeed). 【答案】succeeded 【详解】连词`and`连接并列谓语，时态保持一致；前面`didn’t give up`是一般过去时，后面动词也要用一般过去式`succeeded`。句意：他没有放弃，最后取得了成功。 7.You are supposed ______ (finish) your task before Friday. 【答案】to finish 【详解】单元核心句型`be supposed to do sth.`应当做某事，to 不可省略。句意：你应当周五之前完成你的任务。 8.We should try our best ______ (overcome) our difficulties. 【答案】to overcome 【详解】固定短语`try one’s best to do sth.`尽全力做某事，不定式表目的。句意：我们应当尽全力克服困难。 9.He makes many ______ (mistake) in his homework sometimes. 【答案】mistakes 【详解】`many`后面必须接可数名词复数；`mistake`可数名词，复数直接加‑s。句意：他有时候作业犯很多错误。 10.Though he has many ______ (weak), he still keeps trying. 【答案】weaknesses 【详解】`many`后接可数名词复数；`weak`是形容词 “虚弱的”；名词形式`weakness`表示 “缺点”，复数`weaknesses`。句意：虽然他有很多缺点，但仍然不断尝试。 四、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 1.—What makes you ______? —I think I am good at playing the violin. A. unique      B. perfect      C. nervous      D. average 【答案】A 【详解】单元核心交际句型`What makes you unique?`什么让你与众不同。 - unique 独特的；perfect 完美的；nervous 紧张的；average 普通的。 答句回答自己擅长的特长，对应问句 “什么让你与众不同”。句意：—— 什么让你与众不同？—— 我认为我擅长拉小提琴。 2.You are supposed ______ yourself in this report. A. describe      B. to describe       C. describing      D. described 【答案】B 【详解】固定句型`be supposed to do sth.`应当做某事，to 不能省略。句意：你应当在这份报告中描述你自己。 3.He practices ______ basketball after school every day. A. play       B. playing       C. to play       D. plays 【答案】B 【详解】`practice doing sth.`练习做某事，practice 后接动名词 doing，不接 to do。句意：他每天放学后练习打篮球。 4.He is very clever, ______ he is not hard‑working enough. A. and      B. but      C. so      D. or 【答案】B 【详解】并列连词辨析： and 顺承；but 转折 “但是”；so 结果；or 选择 / 否则。 前半句 “他很聪明”，后半句 “却不够勤奋”，前后语义转折，选 but。句意：他很聪明，但是他不够勤奋。 5.Hurry up, ______ you will miss the good chance. A. and      B. but      C. so      D. or 【答案】D 【详解】`or`在这里翻译为**否则**；祈使句 + or + 一般将来时，“做……，否则就会……”。句意：快点，否则你会错过好机会。 6.He works hard every day, ______ he makes great progress. A. because      B. but      C. so      D. or 【答案】C 【详解】`so`表结果，意为 “所以”。⚠️英语中`because`和`so`不能同时出现在同一个句子。前半句原因 “每天努力”，后半句结果 “取得巨大进步”。句意：他每天努力，所以取得巨大进步。 7.Our head teacher is strict ______ us ______ our daily behaviour. A. with; in      B. in; with      C. to; of      D. of; for 【答案】A 【详解】固定介词搭配辨析： `be strict with sb.`对某人严格；`be strict in sth.`对某事严格。 第一空后面 us 是人，用 with；第二空`daily behaviour`是事情，用 in。句意：班主任对我们的日常行为要求严格。 8.I am proud ______ my small progress in spoken English. A. for      B. of        C. to       D. with 【答案】B 【详解】`be proud of`固定短语，“为…… 感到自豪”，介词只能用 of，属于单元高频固定搭配。句意：我为自己英语口语小小的进步感到自豪。 9.—I find this task a bit ______. —Don’t worry. I can help you. A. perfect      B. challenging      C. average      D. personal 【答案】B 【详解】词义辨析：challenging 有挑战性的；perfect 完美的；average 普通的；personal 个人的。答句 “别担心，我帮你”，说明任务有难度。句意：—— 我发现这项任务有点挑战性。—— 别担心，我可以帮你。 10.The important thing is ______ from your mistakes. A. learn        B. learning       C. to learn       D. learned 【答案】C 【详解】不定式作表语，be 动词后用`to do`，解释主语 the important thing 的具体内容。句意：重要的事情是从你的错误中学习。 11.He didn’t ______ even when he failed many times. A. give up            B. get together               C. stay up              D. set off 【答案】A 【详解】短语辨析： give up 放弃；get together 团聚；stay up 熬夜；set off 出发。 句意：即使失败很多次，他也没有放弃。 12.Keep practicing, ______ you will make it one day. A. /             B. and             C. for              D. at 【答案】B 【详解】祈使句 + and + 将来时：表示 “做……，那么就会……”，and 表顺承递进。`make it`固定短语，获得成功。句意：坚持练习，总有一天你会成功。 13.—What is your ______? —I am good at running. A. weakness           B. strength             C. mistake             D. effort 【答案】B 【详解】词义辨析：strength 长处；weakness 短处；mistake 错误；effort 努力。答句 “我擅长跑步”，对应问句询问你的长处是什么。句意：—— 你的长处是什么？—— 我擅长跑步。 14.He makes ______ progress with his hard work. A. many          B. a lot         C. great         D. few 【答案】C 【详解】progress是不可数名词，不能用 many/few 修饰；a lot不能直接修饰名词，要变为a lot of`；固定搭配make great progress取得巨大进步。句意：凭借努力，他取得巨大进步。 15.Nobody ______ perfect in this world. A. are              B. is             C. were          D. be 【答案】B 【详解】不定代词`nobody`作主语，视作第三人称单数；描述客观事实用一般现在时，be 动词用 is。句意：这个世界没有人是完美的。 五、完成句子（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1. 每个人都有自己的长处和短处。 Everyone has ______ ______ ______ ______. 【答案】strengths and weaknesses 【详解】`strength`长处，`weakness`短处；表示泛指一类事物，两个名词都要用复数形式。 2. 我们应当从错误当中学习。 We ______ ______ ______ learn from our mistakes. 【答案】are supposed to 【详解】be supposed to do sth.应当做某事；主语 we，一般现在时 be 动词用 are，后面接 to + 动词原形。 3. 不要放弃，相信你自己。 Don’t ______ ______. ______ ______ yourself. 【答案】give up; Believe in 【详解】祈使句否定Don’t +动词原形；give up放弃；`believe in oneself`相信自己；第二句为祈使句，句首单词首字母必须大写。 4. 熟能生巧。 ______ ______ ______. 【答案】Practice makes perfect 【详解】英语谚语，主谓一致：practice 作主语视为单数，谓语动词用 makes。 5. 对我们来说正视自己的缺点很重要。 ______ ______ ______ for us ______ face our weaknesses. 【答案】It is important; to 【详解】It is +形容词 + for sb. to do sth.形式主语句型；it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式 to do。 6. 他每天练习弹钢琴来提升自己。 He ______ ______ the piano every day ______ improve himself. 【答案】practices playing; to 【详解】主语 he 三单，一般现在时 practice 变形 practices；practice doing sth练习做某事；第二个空不定式to improve表动作目的。 7. 我的父母为我取得的进步感到自豪。 My parents ______ ______ ______ my progress. 【答案】are proud of 【详解】be proud of固定搭配；主语 parents 是复数，be 动词用 are。 8. 努力工作，总有一天你会取得成功。 Work hard, ______ you will ______ ______ one day. 【答案】and; make it 【详解】祈使句 + and + 将来时，and 表顺承；固定短语make it表示获得成功。 9. 虽然任务有挑战性，但是我不会放弃。 The task is a bit challenging, ______ I won’t ______ ______. 【答案】but; give up 【详解】but 连词表转折；won’t = will not，后面接动词原形；give up 放弃。 10. 老师鼓励我勇敢地接受挑战。 My teacher ______ me ______ accept the challenge bravely. 【答案】encourages; to 【详解】主语 my teacher 第三人称单数，一般现在时 encourage 变为 encourages；encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事。 六、语法填空（每空 1 分，满分 10 分） Nobody is perfect in the world. Everyone 1.__________(have) strengths and weaknesses. Li Hua is an eighth‑grade student. He 2._________(practice) running every day, 3.______ he runs fast. But speaking in public is a bit challenging 4.______ him. He often feels nervous. His teacher always encourages him 5._______(be) braver. “You are supposed 6._______(learn) from your mistakes. Don’t give 7._______. Believe in 8._________(you),” his teacher says. Li Hua keeps practicing. Sometimes he makes many mistakes, 9.______ he never gives up. Gradually he makes great 10.______(progress). Everyone can become better through hard work. 【答案与解析】 1.【答案】has 【解析】everyone 不定代词作主语，看作三单；全文一般现在时，谓语动词 have 变 has。句意：每个人都拥有长处和短处。 2.【答案】practices 【解析】主语 he 是第三人称单数；every day 一般现在时标志，practice 变为 practices。句意：他每天练习跑步。 3.【答案】so 【解析】并列连词 so 表因果结果；“他每天练习跑步，所以他跑得很快”。 4.【答案】for 【解析】固定句型`It is challenging for sb.`对某人来说具有挑战性。for 引出对象。 5.【答案】to be 【解析】固定搭配`encourage sb. to do sth.`鼓励某人做某事，不定式作宾补。句意：老师鼓励他更加勇敢。 6.【答案】to learn 【解析】单元句型`be supposed to do sth.`应当做某事，to 不能省略。句意：你应当从错误中学习。 7.【答案】up 【解析】固定动词短语`give up`放弃，副词 up 不能替换。 8.【答案】yourself 【解析】`believe in oneself`相信你自己；祈使句面向第二人称，反身代词用 yourself。 9.【答案】but 【解析】but 表转折。“有时候犯很多错误，但是他从不放弃”。 10.【答案】progress 【解析】progress 不可数名词；`make great progress`取得巨大进步，不能加 s。 七、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Learn to believe in yourself Nobody is perfect. Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses. Some people are good at sports. Some are talented in music. But everyone also has weak points. Don’t be too hard on yourself when you make mistakes. Lucy was a Grade‑Eight student. She was good at drawing. But she felt nervous every time she spoke in front of her classmates. She thought she was not good enough and wanted to give up speaking in public. Her teacher told her, “You are supposed to accept your weak points. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. The important thing is to learn from them. Practice more, and you will make progress.” Lucy took the advice. She practiced speaking every day. Sometimes she still made mistakes, but she didn’t give up. Gradually she became more confident. We can’t be perfect, but we can keep improving ourselves. Believe in yourself, and you will become better little by little. 1.What does the underlined word “weaknesses” mean? A. 长处   B. 短处   C. 天赋   D. 进步 2.What was Lucy good at? A. Drawing    B. Running    C. Music    D. Public speaking 3.Why did Lucy want to give up public speaking? A. She didn’t like drawing. B. She felt nervous and thought she was not good enough. C. Her teacher asked her to give it up. D. She had no time to practice. 4.What advice did Lucy’s teacher give her? A. Try to become perfect in everything. B. Never make any mistakes. C. Accept weak points and learn from mistakes. D. Give up all difficult things. 5.What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to learn drawing well. B. Nobody is perfect and we should believe in ourselves and keep improving. C. How to avoid making mistakes. D. The ways to become a top student. 【答案与解析】 1.【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。文中strengths and weaknesses成对出现，`strengths`是长处，与之对应的weaknesses就是 “短处，缺点”。 2.【答案】A 【解析】细节定位题。原文第二段明确句子She was good at drawing.，直接定位获取答案。 3.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。原文But she felt nervous every time she spoke in front of her classmates. She thought she was not good enough and wanted to give up speaking in public.说明原因：当众讲话紧张，认为自己不够好。C 与原文相反，老师是鼓励她；A、D 原文没有提到。 4.【答案】C 【解析】细节题。老师原话You are supposed to accept your weak points. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. The important thing is to learn from them.，对应 C 选项 “接受缺点，从错误中学习”；A、B、D 是错误的观点，老师并没有这样说。 5.【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意题。文章首尾段点明主旨：人无完人，要相信自己，不断提升自我。A 只是故事细节；C 文中没有讲如何避免犯错；D 文章没有讲如何成为尖子生。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Better you, better me 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质性格名词 & 形容词： 1._______ (adj. 独特的) ____________________.（世界上每个人都是独一无二的。） 2._________ (adj. 自信的) ________________________.（她当众发言时很自信。） 3.___________ (adj. 严格的) ___________________.（我的父母在学习上对我要求严格。） 4._________ (adj. 诚实的) ________________________________.（诚实的男孩从不说谎。） 5.___________ (adj. 积极的) ______________________.（他积极参加各类课外活动。） 6._____________(n. 长处；优势) ___________________（每个人都有不同的长处和短处。） 7.___________ (n. 天赋；才能) ____________________.（她有弹钢琴的天赋。） 8._____________ (n. 能力) _____________________.（练习可以提升你的各项能力。） 2、 成长行为动词： 1._______ (v. 描述) __________________________（请在简短报告中描述你自己。） 2._________ (v. 提高；改善) ________________________（这学期我想要提高我的英语。） 3.__________ (v. 练习) _________________________________（你需要每天练习口语。） 4.____________(v. 鼓励) ______________________（同学们经常鼓励我不要放弃。） 5.___________ (v. 克服) ___________________（尽全力去克服你的困难。） 6.____________ (v. 失败；未能做到) _____________________（失败的时候不要沮丧。） 7.____________(v. 成功) __________________________（如果你不断尝试，你将会成功。） 8._________ (v. 接受) __________________________.（我们应当勇敢接受自己的缺点。） 三、描述感受与评价形容词： 1._______ (adj. 有挑战性的) _____________________.（这项任务对我来说有点挑战性。） 2. ________ (adj. 完美的) _________________________________（世上没有人是完美的。） 3. _________(adj. 紧张的) ________________________________（演讲前我感到紧张。） 4. _________ (adj. 自豪的) ________________________（我为自己小小的进步感到自豪。） 5._________ (adj. 个人的) _______________________________.（这些是我的个人想法。） 6._________ (adj. 普通的；中等的) ____________________.（他大部分科目成绩中等。） 四、数量与其他核心词: 1._______ (n. 一点儿) ___________________________.（长时间练习之后我有点儿累。） 2.________ (n. 努力) _____________________________（巨大的努力带来巨大的进步。） 3._________ (n. 进步) ____________________________（他的运动技能取得很大进步。） 4.________(n. 挑战) __________________________.（这对我来说是一项巨大的挑战。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1._______（练习做某事） ____________________________（他每天下午练习投篮。） 2.________（相信自己） ________________________（相信你自己，你可以做得更好。） 3._________（取得进步） _______________________（坚持努力，你就会取得进步。） 4._________（克服困难） ______________________（我们要学会克服生活中的困难。） 5._________（犯错误） ___________________________（学习新事物时犯错没关系。） 6.________（从错误中学习） ___________________.（我们应当从自己的错误中学习。） 7.________（放弃） ______________________________（遇到麻烦永远不要放弃。） 8.__________（想出） _______________________________.（你能想出一些好建议吗？） 二、固定搭配短语 1._______（应当；应该做某事） ____________________.（你应当按时完成你的报告。） 2.________（对某人严格） _____________________（教练对每一位队员都很严格。） 3.________（为…… 感到自豪） _________________（父母为我的进步感到自豪。） 4.________（擅长……） __________________________________（她擅长拉小提琴。） 5.__________（有点儿） ____________________.（这道题对八年级学生来说有点难。） 6.___________（获得成功） ________________________.（继续努力，你会取得成功。） 7.___________（积极参加） ____________________________（他积极参加小组活动。） 8.________（天生具有） _______________________________.（他天生拥有音乐天赋。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问描述个人特质： 1._____________________________________（是什么让你与众不同？） 2.______________________________________（你的长处和短处是什么？） 3.___________________________________________（你擅长什么？） 二、表达鼓励与自我认知： 1.______________________________________（没有人是完美的，我们都有优缺点。） 2. ________________________________________________（不要对自己太苛刻。） 3._______________________________________（相信你自己，不断努力。） 三、 谈论困难与进步： 1.________________________________________（我发现这项任务有点挑战性。） 2.______________________________________（最重要的事是从错误中学习。） 四、表达感受与观点： 1.____________________________________________（熟能生巧。） 2._____________________________________________（取得巨大进步需要付出许多努力。） 语法 1. 并列句：连词 and /but/or /so 用法 2. 固定搭配 practice doing sth 练习做某事 3. be supposed to do sth 应当做某事 4. 固定短语辨析：be strict with sb /be proud of /be good at 5. 动词不定式作表语：The important thing is to do… 写作 话题：①介绍自己（优缺点、个人特长）； ②描述一次自我提升的经历； ③给朋友写建议信，鼓励他人正视缺点、相信自己； 一、知识点精讲 1. describe v. 描述；形容 【核心搭配】describe sb/sth（描述人 / 事物）；describe oneself 描述自己 例：Please describe yourself in a short passage.（请用短文描述你自己。） 【变形】description n. 描述 2. practice v.& n. 练习（必考搭配） 【要点】practice doing sth（后面只接动名词，不接 to do） 例：He practices running for one hour every morning.（他每天早上练习跑步一小时。） 拓展：practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 3. improve v. 改善；提高 【搭配】improve sth；improve oneself 提升自我 例：I want to improve my listening skills.（我想要提高我的听力技能。） 【变形】improvement n. 进步，改善 4. encourage v. 鼓励 【固定搭配】encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 例：My teacher encourages me to take more challenges.（老师鼓励我接受更多挑战。） 5. strict adj. 严格的 【辨析】 be strict with sb 对人严格 be strict in sth对某事严格 例：My mum is strict with me and strict in my homework.（妈妈对我严格，也对我的作业要求严格。） 6. proud adj. 自豪的 【固定短语】be proud of = take pride in 为…… 感到自豪 【区分】pride n. 自豪 例：We are proud of our small progress.（我们为自己小小的进步感到自豪。） 7. challenge n.&v. 挑战 【搭配】accept the challenge 接受挑战；face a challenge 面对挑战 【变形】challenging adj. 有挑战性的 例：It is a big challenge for me to speak in front of many people.（在很多人面前讲话对我是一大挑战。） 8. progress n. 进步（不可数名词！不能加 s） 【搭配】make great progress 取得巨大进步 例：He makes great progress in learning physics.（他学物理取得很大进步。） 9. suppose v. 猜想；认为 【必考句型】be supposed to do sth 应当 / 应该做某事 例：You are supposed to finish your homework before dinner.（你应该晚饭前完成作业。） 10. overcome v. 克服 【变形】overcame (过去式)，overcome (过去分词) 例：We should try our best to overcome our weaknesses.（我们应该尽全力克服自己的弱点。） 二、核心语法精讲 语法1 并列句（and /but/or /so）： 并列句由两个独立分句 + 并列连词构成 1. and：并列、承接，“和；并且” 例句：He is hard‑working, and he gets good grades.（他很勤奋，并且成绩很好。） 2. but：转折，“但是” 例句：He is talented, but he doesn’t work hard.（他很有天赋，但是他不努力。） 3. or：①或者（选择）；②否则 例句：Hurry up, or you will miss the chance.（快点，否则你会错过机会。） 4. so：表结果，“所以”（so 和 because 不能同时出现在一个句子） 例句：He practices every day, so he makes much progress.（他每天练习，所以取得很多进步。） 提示：一般前后分句时态保持一致。 语法 2 practice doing sth 非谓语 【用法】practice 后面只能接动名词 doing，**不能接 to do**。 【拓展同类词】enjoy /finish/mind 后接 doing 例句：She practices playing basketball after school.（她放学后练习打篮球。） 语法3 be supposed to do 应当做某事 【用法】相当于 should，用来表达责任、义务、期望。 例句：We are supposed to learn from our mistakes.（我们应当从错误中学习。） 语法 4 be strict /be proud 固定介词搭配 1. be strict with + 人；be strict in+ 事情 2. be proud **of** + 名词 / 代词 为…… 感到骄傲 语法 5 不定式作表语：The important thing is to do… be 动词后面用 to do 来说明主语的具体内容 例句：The important thing is to learn from your mistakes.（最重要的事情是从你的错误中学习。） 三、单元写作清单 【话题分析】 三类高频写作： ①自我介绍，介绍个人长处与短处； ②写一次经历，描述自己如何克服困难取得进步； ③给朋友写建议信，鼓励朋友正视缺点，相信自己。 框架 1 介绍自己（优缺点） 开头：Everyone is unique. I also have my strengths and weaknesses. 中间：My strength is that… But I have some weak points, such as… I want to improve myself by… 结尾：I believe in myself and I will try my best. 框架 2 成长经历记叙文 开头：I met a big challenge last term. 中间：At first… I practiced… I made mistakes… But I didn’t give up… Gradually I made progress. 结尾：I learn that practice makes perfect. I should believe in myself. 【高分写作素材】 好词：unique, confident, strength, weakness, challenging, effort, progress 好句： Nobody is perfect. We all have strengths and weaknesses. Practice makes perfect. The important thing is to learn from mistakes. I believe in myself and I will keep trying. 【范文背诵】 范文 1（自我介绍） Everyone is unique in the world. I also have my strengths and weaknesses. My strength is that I am active and hard‑working. I am good at playing basketball. But I have some weak points. Sometimes I feel nervous when I speak in public. It is a bit challenging for me. I will make more efforts to improve myself. I won’t give up when I make mistakes. I believe in myself and I will try my best. 范文 2（成长经历） Last term, I met a big challenge. I was poor at my spoken English. I felt nervous every time I spoke English in class. I didn’t give up. I practiced speaking English for 20 minutes every day. Sometimes I made many mistakes, but I learned from them. Gradually I made great progress. From this experience, I learn practice makes perfect. Nobody is perfect, but we can become better through hard work. 易错点 01 practice 后接 doing（选择、填空必考） 【助记】practice /enjoy/finish + doing，不接 to do 【对点训练】 He practices ______ the piano every weekend. A. play B. to play C. playing 易错点 02 并列连词 and /but/or /so 辨析 【助记】and 顺接，but 转折，or 或者 / 否则，so 表结果，so 不和 because 连用 【对点训练】 He is very talented, ______ he doesn’t put in enough effort. A. and B. but C. so 易错点 03 be supposed to do 不定式漏 to 【助记】be supposed **to do**，to 不能丢掉 【对点训练】 We are supposed ______ from our mistakes. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 易错点 04 progress 不可数名词，不加‑s 【助记】make great progress，永远没有 progresses 【对点训练】 He makes great ______ in his study. A. progress B. progresses C. a progress 易错点 05 strict 介词 with/in 区分 【助记】with + 人；in + 事 【对点训练】 Our teachers are strict ______ us ______ our homework. A. in; with B. with; in C. to; for 一、根据首字母填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1.Nobody is p______. Everyone has strengths and weaknesses. 2.You should d______ yourself in your short report. 3.My coach always e______ me not to give up when I meet difficulties. 4.It is a bit c______ for me to finish this hard task. 5.If you keep working hard, you will make great p______. 二、根据汉语提示填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1.You are ______ (应当) to take the challenge bravely. 2.We should learn to ______ (克服) our own weaknesses. 3.My parents are ______ (自豪的) of my small progress. 4.He spends lots of ______ (努力) on his basketball skills. 5.He has a special ______ (天赋) for music. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1.He practices ______ (run) every morning to improve his skills. 2.It’s important for us ______ (learn) from our own mistakes. 3.Everyone ______ (be) unique in this world. 4.The important thing is ______ (believe) in yourself. 5.My teacher encourages me ______ (take) more difficult challenges. 6.He didn’t give up and finally ______ (succeed). 7.You are supposed ______ (finish) your task before Friday. 8.We should try our best ______ (overcome) our difficulties. 9.He makes many ______ (mistake) in his homework sometimes. 10.Though he has many ______ (weak), he still keeps trying. 四、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 1.—What makes you ______? —I think I am good at playing the violin. A. unique      B. perfect      C. nervous      D. average 2.You are supposed ______ yourself in this report. A. describe      B. to describe       C. describing      D. described 3.He practices ______ basketball after school every day. A. play       B. playing       C. to play       D. plays 4.He is very clever, ______ he is not hard‑working enough. A. and      B. but      C. so      D. or 5.Hurry up, ______ you will miss the good chance. A. and      B. but      C. so      D. or 6.He works hard every day, ______ he makes great progress. A. because      B. but      C. so      D. or 7.Our head teacher is strict ______ us ______ our daily behaviour. A. with; in      B. in; with      C. to; of      D. of; for 8.I am proud ______ my small progress in spoken English. A. for      B. of        C. to       D. with 9.—I find this task a bit ______. —Don’t worry. I can help you. A. perfect      B. challenging      C. average      D. personal 10.The important thing is ______ from your mistakes. A. learn        B. learning       C. to learn       D. learned 11.He didn’t ______ even when he failed many times. A. give up            B. get together               C. stay up              D. set off 12.Keep practicing, ______ you will make it one day. A. /             B. and             C. for              D. at 13.—What is your ______? —I am good at running. A. weakness           B. strength             C. mistake             D. effort 14.He makes ______ progress with his hard work. A. many          B. a lot         C. great         D. few 15.Nobody ______ perfect in this world. A. are              B. is             C. were          D. be 五、完成句子（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1. 每个人都有自己的长处和短处。 Everyone has ______ ______ ______ ______. 2. 我们应当从错误当中学习。 We ______ ______ ______ learn from our mistakes. 3. 不要放弃，相信你自己。 Don’t ______ ______. ______ ______ yourself. 4. 熟能生巧。 ______ ______ ______. 5. 对我们来说正视自己的缺点很重要。 ______ ______ ______ for us ______ face our weaknesses. 6. 他每天练习弹钢琴来提升自己。 He ______ ______ the piano every day ______ improve himself. 7. 我的父母为我取得的进步感到自豪。 My parents ______ ______ ______ my progress. 8. 努力工作，总有一天你会取得成功。 Work hard, ______ you will ______ ______ one day. 9. 虽然任务有挑战性，但是我不会放弃。 The task is a bit challenging, ______ I won’t ______ ______. 10. 老师鼓励我勇敢地接受挑战。 My teacher ______ me ______ accept the challenge bravely. 六、语法填空（每空 1 分，满分 10 分） Nobody is perfect in the world. Everyone 1.__________(have) strengths and weaknesses. Li Hua is an eighth‑grade student. He 2._________(practice) running every day, 3.______ he runs fast. But speaking in public is a bit challenging 4.______ him. He often feels nervous. His teacher always encourages him 5._______(be) braver. “You are supposed 6._______(learn) from your mistakes. Don’t give 7._______. Believe in 8._________(you),” his teacher says. Li Hua keeps practicing. Sometimes he makes many mistakes, 9.______ he never gives up. Gradually he makes great 10.______(progress). Everyone can become better through hard work. 七、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Learn to believe in yourself Nobody is perfect. Each of us has our own strengths and weaknesses. Some people are good at sports. Some are talented in music. But everyone also has weak points. Don’t be too hard on yourself when you make mistakes. Lucy was a Grade‑Eight student. She was good at drawing. But she felt nervous every time she spoke in front of her classmates. She thought she was not good enough and wanted to give up speaking in public. Her teacher told her, “You are supposed to accept your weak points. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. The important thing is to learn from them. Practice more, and you will make progress.” Lucy took the advice. She practiced speaking every day. Sometimes she still made mistakes, but she didn’t give up. Gradually she became more confident. We can’t be perfect, but we can keep improving ourselves. Believe in yourself, and you will become better little by little. 1.What does the underlined word “weaknesses” mean? A. 长处   B. 短处   C. 天赋   D. 进步 2.What was Lucy good at? A. Drawing    B. Running    C. Music    D. Public speaking 3.Why did Lucy want to give up public speaking? A. She didn’t like drawing. B. She felt nervous and thought she was not good enough. C. Her teacher asked her to give it up. D. She had no time to practice. 4.What advice did Lucy’s teacher give her? A. Try to become perfect in everything. B. Never make any mistakes. C. Accept weak points and learn from mistakes. D. Give up all difficult things. 5.What is the main idea of this passage? A. How to learn drawing well. B. Nobody is perfect and we should believe in ourselves and keep improving. C. How to avoid making mistakes. D. The ways to become a top student. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $