Unit 3 To be a good learner 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练（新教材译林版）

该初中英语Unit 3“To be a good learner”知识清单系统整合了词汇、短语、句型、语法、写作五大核心内容，构建从基础词汇分类记忆（含动词、名词等10类词性）到核心语法解析（如as...as用法、反身代词）再到写作应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类梳理（如单词按词性分、短语按功能分）、考点分级解析（16个核心考点配对比表格和用法归纳）呈现知识体系，如“must vs. have to”用法对比表、构词法后缀总结，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。写作部分提供主题必备词句及实例范文，教师可精准设计教学，学生能高效自主复习，提升学习效率。

Unit 3 To be a good learner 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词 1. 为……提供食物;喂养 2. 钓鱼,捕鱼 3. 指导;给某人领路（或导游） 4. 创建;建立 5. 归还 6. 预测 7. 发明 8. 翻译 9. 发音 10. 重复 名词 11. 学习者 12. 一生,有生之年 13. 旅程,旅行 14. 冲劲;本能需求 15. 发明家 16. 天资,才能;有才能的人 17. 世纪;百年 18. 印刷行业 19. 书商 20. 暴风雨 21. 调查发现 22. 发明 23. 伟大 24. 成功 25. 意大利语;意大利人 26. 交谈,谈话 27.（书刊或纸张的）页 28. 印刷工,印刷商;打印机 29. 方言 30. 句子 31. 发音 32. 语法 33. 文本;文章 34. 演讲;说话的能力 35. 拼写 36. 游客;观光者 形容词 37. 单个的;单身的 38. 有成效的;成功的 39. 终身的 40. 好奇的 41. 数不尽的 42. 可能的 代词 43. 他自己 44. 他们（她们,它们）自己 45. 你自己 46. 你们自己 介词 47. 逆;反对 48. 除……之外（还） 副词 49. 严重地,厉害地 50. 慢速地,缓慢地 51. 出声地;大声地 52. 正确地 多重词性词 53. vt. & vi.录制 vi. 记录 n. 记录;纪录 二．重点短语背默 1. 落后 2. 使……突出,使……与众不同 3. 为了 4. 不足为奇 5. 免费 6. 自学 7. 感受到鼓舞 8. 在不同的领域 9. 在未来 10. 尽可能 11. 与当地人交谈 12. 将自己融入语言环境中 13. 而不是 14. 令某人惊讶的是 三．重点句子背默 1. 对我来说,关键之一是要有强烈的学习动力。 For me, one thing . 2. 富兰克林从小就酷爱学习,这使他与众不同。 From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning . 3. 作为一个终身学习者,他将学习视为一段令人兴奋且永无止境的旅程充满了奇观与成功。 As a , he saw learning as an journey, . 4. 找到你的兴趣并努力工作,你可能会取得巨大的成功。 , and you may meet . 5. 如果学习新东西看起来很困难,别担心。 Don't worry if learning something new . 6. 所以,让我们为自己设定目标并迈出第一步吧。 So let's . 7. 此外,富兰克林是一位科学家,他的许多发现在科学史上发挥了重要作用。 Moreover, Franklin was a scientist, and many of his findings in the history of science. 8. 除了他在语言方面的巨大天赋和浓厚兴趣外,赵还有有效的语言学习方法。 his great and interest in languages, Zhao had ways to learn languages. 9. 我相信通过听、读、写和说,我可以整体提升我的语言技能。 I believe through listening, reading, writing and speaking I can . 10. 我认为你应该尽可能多地听英语。 I think you should try to listen to English . 11. 熟能生巧。 . 四．核心知识点解析 考点1： Studying is like rowing a boat against moving water, if you don’t move.学习就像逆水行舟，不进则退。 1.be like就像 2.词汇讲解：against 含义 示例 靠、撞 Put the piano against the wall. 反对、违背 We must fight against injustice. 逆着、迎着 Don't drive against the traffic. 用法归纳 表示“碰撞”“反对”“对抗”“靠着”，根据上下文选择正确含义。 3.语法：if 引导条件状语从句 口诀：if 表“如果”，主将从现 1.找主句和从句分界线： 若 if 在句首 → 分界线是逗号 若 if 在句中 → 分界线在 if 前面 2.主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时 1.Studying is like rowing a boat the current.学习就像逆水行舟。 2.Life is climbing a mountain — every step requires effort, or you’ll never reach the top.生活就像爬山—每一步都需要努力，否则你永远到不了山顶。 3. you don’t keep moving forward, you’ll eventually be left behind by those who do.如果你不持续前进，最终会被那些坚持前进的人甩在后面。 考点2：Keep learning and trying to improve. If you stop learning, you will stop getting better.持续学习，持续进步；一旦停下，就不再变好。 keep 的常见用法 结构 含义 例句 keep + n. 饲养 keep a pet keep + adj. / adv. 保持状态 keep healthy / keep off the wall keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep reading keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 = stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. (from) doing sth. The noise kept me from sleeping. 1.Keep questions and challenging yourself — that’s how progress is made.持续提问并挑战自己——进步正是在这样的过程中实现的。 2.If you stop on your mistakes, you’ll stop growing as a learner.如果你停止反思错误，你作为学习者的成长也会随之停止。 考点3：What do you think is important for successful learning?你认为成功学习最重要的是什么？ ①【常用句式】 What do you think of...? = What do you think about...? = How do you like/find...? 表达“你觉得……怎么样？” ②【核心词汇】 important (adj.) 重要的 importance (n.) 重要性 be important = be of importance 表“很重要” 1.I think a strong sense of self-discipline is essential for academic .我认为，培养强烈的自律意识对学业成功至关重要。 2.In my opinion, what most is the ability to stay and never settle for superficial understanding.在我看来，最重要的是保持好奇心，并且不满足于肤浅的理解。 考点3：If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder.如果你愿意学习，就会更加努力。 ①【重点词汇：willing】 willing (adj.) 乐意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事 例句：- She is willing to help me. 　 - We are willing to work hard. ②【词组辨析：work hard / hard work / hard-working】 结构 含义 举例 work hard (动词 + 副词) 努力学习/工作 He always works hard. hard work (形容词 + 名词) 辛苦的工作 Success takes hard work. hard-working (形容词) 勤奋的，努力的 She is a hard-working student. 1.If you're willing step outside your comfort zone, you'll discover your true potential.如果你愿意走出舒适区，你就会发现自己的真正潜力。 2.We are willing to time and energy because we understand that excellence requires persistence.我们愿意投入时间和精力，因为我们明白卓越需要坚持不懈。 考点4：Yes, I agree.是的，我同意 重点句式 I agree with sb.：我同意某人的观点 I agree to do sth.：我同意/赞成做某事 I can’t agree more.：我非常赞同（=不能再同意了） agree (v.) 搭配结构 含义 示例 agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you. agree on/about sth. 对……达成一致意见 We agree on the plan. agree to do sth. 赞成去做某事 She agreed to help us. 拓展：agreement (n.) 协议；一致 reach an agreement with sb. be in agreement on sth. 1.I strongly that teamwork plays a vital role in learning.我非常同意团队合作在学习中起着关键作用。 2.It’s easier to make progress when everyone is in .当每个人意见一致时，更容易取得进展。 考点5：It’ll help us manage our time well.这将有助于我们更好地管理时间。 结构 含义 示例 manage to do sth. 设法完成某事（= succeed in doing sth.） I managed to fix the problem. try to do sth. 努力去做（结果未知） I try to open the door with the key. 1.I managed finish the task before the deadline, thanks to careful planning.多亏了周密计划，我设法在截止日期前完成了任务。 2.We try to our time so we can stay productive.我们努力充分利用时间，以保持高效。 考点6：I couldn’t agree more.我完全同意！ 常考交际用语分类整理 表示同意 / 认可 I think so. 我认为也如此。 I can’t agree more. 我非常赞成。 No problem. 没问题。 Well done. 很好。 You’re welcome. 不客气。 表示否定 / 拒绝 Certainly not. 当然不。 You’d better not. 你最好不要。 I am afraid not. 我恐怕不行。 表示不确定 / 委婉 I don’t know yet. 我也不知道。 It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 表示遗憾 / 惋惜 What a shame. 太可惜了。 What a pity. 太可惜了。 1.That’s how I feel.这正是我的想法。 2.I agree with your point of view.我完全同意你的观点。 3.I’m I have a different opinion.恐怕我有不同的看法。 考点7：Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people of the 18th century. 富兰克林是一个才华横溢的人，也是18世纪最著名的人物之一。 1.talent (n.) 天赋；才能；有才华的人 相关结构 含义 示例 talented (adj.) 有才能的，有天赋的 She is a talented musician. talent show 才艺表演 They joined a school talent show. have a talent for sth. 在某方面有天赋 He has a talent for painting. 2.one of + 复数名词：……之一 all of + 复数名词：全部（All of them are tired.） none of + 复数名词：一个都不（None of these answers is correct.） some of + 复数名词：一些（Some of the kids are outside.） 3.famous (adj.) 著名的，出名的 结构 含义 示例 be famous for + 原因 因……而出名 France is famous for its wine. be famous as + 身份/职业 作为……而著名 She is famous as an actress. 1.She is a woman of great and determination.她是一位极具智慧和决心的女性。 2.Einstein was one of the scientists in history.爱因斯坦是历史上最伟大的科学家之一。 3.The city is famous its blend of tradition and innovation.这座城市因其传统与创新并存而闻名。 4.He is famous a pioneer in modern education.他作为现代教育的先驱而闻名。 考点8：Franklin had only two years of education before he had to start work.富兰克林只接受了两年教育，就不得不开始工作了。 1.must vs. have to 结构 含义 特点 例句 must 必须（主观义务） 带有说话人意愿 My mother is ill, so I must go now. mustn’t 禁止 强烈语气 You mustn’t smoke here. have to 不得不（客观需要） 由环境决定 He has to eat at school. don’t have to = needn’t 没必要 表示不强求 You don’t have to work on weekends. 2.education 词形 词性 含义 例句 education n. Many children don’t have access to good education. educate sb. to do sth. v. We should educate children to be honest. educator n. He is a great educator. educated adj. She is well educated and polite. educational adj. It was an educational visit. 3.start to do sth. vs. start doing sth. 搭配 含义 使用场景 start to do sth. 开始做某事 强调动作起始点 / 表达情感、思想类动词 / 进行时使用较多 start doing sth. 开始进行一项活动 强调持续性、习惯性动作 小结：He started to realize the problem.（思想动词） She started doing yoga every morning.（习惯性活动） It started to rain.（主语为“it”，用不定式） 1.Many children give up school because of poverty.许多孩子因为贫困而不得不上学。 2.Receiving proper is a basic right for everyone.接受良好教育是每个人的基本权利。 3.She started understand the meaning of responsibility.她开始理解“责任”的含义。 考点9：While working in his brother’s print shop, Franklin taught himself by reading a lot.富兰克林在哥哥的印刷店工作时，通过大量阅读自学成才。 1.while / when + doing sth. 用法 示例 表时间状语，从句主语与主句一致时可省略 While working, he learned a lot. when 可引导宾语从句或不定式结构 I don’t know when to go. / I don’t know when he will go. 区分总结 while/when + doing：时间状语（=在……期间） when + to do：宾语成分（不定式结构） when + 主语 + 谓语：宾语从句 2.by 的五种用法归类 用法结构 含义 示例 by + doing sth. 通过某种方式 He studies by reading aloud. by + 事物 在……旁边、靠近 There’s a bench by the tree. by + 时间 不迟于，在……之前 Please finish it by Friday. by + 交通工具 通过……方式出行 He travels by bus. by + 人（被动语态） 被，由 He was raised by his aunt. 3.a lot 的用法归纳 用法 示例 修饰动词 He works a lot. 修饰比较级 She speaks a lot more clearly. 作主语/宾语/表语 A lot has changed. / I’ve learned a lot. 1. working part-time, she managed to balance study and life.在兼职的同时，她设法平衡了学习与生活。 2、He taught himself programming building small websites.他通过制作小型网站自学了编程。 考点10：He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day.他经常向书商借书，为了第二天一早归还，常常熬夜读书。 1.borrow vs. lend vs. keep 动词 含义 结构 示例 borrow 借入 borrow sth. from sb. Can I borrow your pen? lend 借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth. He lent me a book. keep 保留、借用多长时间 keep sth. for + 时间 You can keep it for a week. 2.stay 短语拓展 结构 含义 示例 stay up (late) 熬夜 He stayed up until midnight. stay at home 呆在家 I stayed at home all day. stay awake / alive / healthy 保持清醒 / 活着 / 健康 Try to stay awake in class. 3.order 的多义用法 结构 含义 示例 in order to do sth. 为了…… I get up early in order to catch the bus. order sb to do sth. 命令某人做某事 He ordered us to leave. keep…in order 保持井然有序 Keep your desk in good order. 4.return 的两种用法 用法 含义 示例 return to + 地点 回到某地 She returned to school. return sth. to sb. 把某物归还某人 Please return the book to me. 1.He up late in order to finish the novel before returning it.他熬夜读完小说，以便及时归还。 2.In order to improve my English, I often up reading aloud.为了提高英语，我常常熬夜朗读。 考点11：Curious about the world around him.他对周围的世界充满好奇。 be curious about...：对……感到好奇 curiosity (n.) 好奇心 → out of curiosity：出于好奇 词形 词性 含义 示例 curious adj. 好奇的 She is curious about science. curiosity n. 好奇心 He asked the question out of curiosity. 1.Children are naturally about how the world works.孩子天生对世界运作充满好奇。 2.Out of , I opened the old box.出于好奇，我打开了那个旧盒子。 考点12：Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for free. 富兰克林从未靠他的发明赚钱，而是让人们免费使用。 1.invent 单词 词性 含义 invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明物 inventor n. 发明者 2.表示“人”的后缀总结 后缀 示例 -er runner, swimmer, reader -or actor, inventor, visitor -ist artist, pianist, scientist 3.free 的三重含义 含义 示例 免费的 We can download the app for free. 空闲的 Are you free this afternoon? 自由的 You’re free to choose any topic. 1.He shared all his with the public for free.他无偿将所有发明分享给大众。 2.Instead of making money, he chose to let others benefit .他没有选择赚钱，而是让他人免费受益。 考点13：He saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonders and success.他把学习视为一段令人兴奋、无止境的旅程，充满了奇迹与成功。 1.excited vs. exciting 词形 含义 主语 示例 excited 感到兴奋的（人的感受） 人 I’m excited about the trip. exciting 令人兴奋的（事物本身） 事/物 It’s an exciting story. 常用结构： be excited about/at sth. be excited to do sth. be excited that 从句 2.succeed 结构 含义 示例 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 He succeeded in passing the test. be successful in doing sth. 同义表达 She was successful in changing her habits. do sth. successfully 副词表达 He completed the mission successfully. have success in doing sth. 名词结构 They had great success in business. manage to do sth. 设法做到（强调结果） I managed to solve the problem. success 词族扩展： success (n.) 成功 3.be full of = be filled with The room is full of laughter. The room is filled with laughter. 1.She views reading as an adventure full of discoveries.她把阅读看作一场充满发现的刺激冒险。 2.We were to explore new knowledge together.我们对一起探索新知识感到兴奋。 3.He in overcoming all the challenges through perseverance.他通过坚持不懈成功克服了所有挑战。 考点14：It can translate your mother language into over 20 languages.它可以把你的母语翻译成20多种语言。 1.translate 结构 含义 示例 translate sth. into sth. 翻译成…… Can you translate this into English? translate for sb. 为某人翻译 He translated for the visitors. 词形拓展： translation (n.) 翻译；译文translator (n.) 译者machine translation：机器翻译 1.This app can real-time conversations into multiple languages.这个应用可以实时将对话翻译成多种语言。 2.She worked as a for foreign guests during the meeting.在会议中她担任外宾的翻译。 3.They used AI tools to textbooks into minority languages.他们使用人工智能工具将教材翻译成少数民族语言。 考点15：构词法：动词 / 名词 + 后缀 → 表示“人”的名词 1.构词规则总结 后缀 来源词 含义 举例 -er 多为动词 表示“做某事的人” speaker（讲话者）、farmer（农民） -or 多为动词 功能/职业/角色 actor（演员）、inventor（发明者） -r 多为动词 简化形式，常为职业者 writer（作家）、driver（司机） -ist 多为名词 表专业人士/技艺者 artist（艺术家）、scientist（科学家） 2.典型构词示例对照表 speak → speaker 说话的人 collect → collector 收藏家 farm → farmer 农民 direct → director 导演 paint → painter 画家，油漆工 drive → driver 司机 play → player 选手，运动员 write → writer 作者 report → reporter 记者 dance → dancer 舞者 wait → waiter 男服务员 tour → tourist 旅行者 shop → shopper 购物者 art → artist 艺术家 win → winner 获胜者 science → scientist 科学家 swim → swimmer 游泳者 piano → pianist 钢琴家 visit → visitor 参观者 collect → collector 收藏家 1.The asked the director several sharp questions.记者向导演提了几个尖锐的问题。 2.She is not just a , but also a talented painter.她不仅是一名舞者，还是一位才华横溢的画家。 3.He dreams of becoming a like his father.他梦想成为像父亲那样的科学家。 4.Many visit this ancient city every year.每年都有许多游客参观这座古城。 考点16：There are more and more chances for people to develop their interests in different areas.人们在各个领域培养兴趣的机会日益增多。 1.interest 用法 (1) -ed / -ing 形容词 结尾 修饰对象 含义 例句 -ed 人 感到……的 I’m interested in English. -ing 事/物 令人……的 It’s an interesting book. (2) 常见补充： place of interest：风景名胜 have/show interest in sth. = be interested in sth. 2. develop 用法 词性 形式 含义与示例 v. develop We need to develop better communication skills. n. development With the development of technology... adj. developing / developed developing countries / developed areas develop A into B：把A发展成B with the development of...：随着……的发展 考点17：and many of his findings played an important role in the history of science. 知识归纳 as...as possible = as...as sb. can/could表示“尽可能……”，中间为原级形容词或副词。 1.I think they will be back .我想他们很快就会回来的。 2.You need to run you can.你得跑得越快越好。 考点18：Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words.赵认为，与其学习单个单词，不如专注于学习句子更为妥当。 focus 表达： 结构 含义 focus on sth. / doing sth. 集中注意力于... be focused on sth. / doing sth. 被集中/强调于... 1.Focus improving your pronunciation.重点提升你的发音。 2.He is on solving the problem.他专注于解决问题。 考点19： In this way, he remembered the meanings of the words well.这样一来，他便能很好地记住这些单词的含义。 meaning 构成： 词性 词形 含义 v. mean 意味着 / 打算 n. meaning 意思 / 意义 adj. meaningful 有意义的 adj. meaningless 毫无意义的 I didn’t to hurt you.我并非有意伤害你。 This word has two different .这个词有两个不同的含义。 It’s to help others.帮助他人是有意义的。 The meeting felt .这次会议感觉毫无意义。 考点20：It’s important to practise little and often.勤于小练习、多练习至关重要。 practise / practice / exercise 区别： 词性 词汇 含义 v. practise 练习（BrE） n. practice 练习 / 实践 adj. practical 实际的 v/n. exercise 锻炼 / 练习 speaking every day.每天练习口语。 Put what you learn into .将所学知识付诸实践。 It’s not a idea.这个想法并不实用。 Do morning regularly.进行晨间锻炼或定期锻炼 考点21：few / little / at most / at least 用法 修饰对象 含义 few 可数名词 几乎没有 a few 可数名词 一些 little 不可数名词 几乎没有 a little 不可数名词 一些 people understood the joke.没有人明白这个笑话。 students stayed late.部分学生留校至深夜。 There’s hope left.希望已所剩无几。 There’s milk in the fridge.冰箱里还有点牛奶。 考点22：Try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech.尝试聚焦于演讲或讲话的主旨。 1.try 用法对比 结构 含义 示例 try to do sth. 努力做某事（未必成功） Try to finish your homework. try doing sth. 尝试做某事（做法的一种） Try restarting the computer. try (n.) 尝试 Let me have a try. 2.surprise 用法全解析 词形 含义 示例 surprise (n.) 惊奇，意外 What a big surprise! surprise (v.) 使吃惊 The result surprised him. surprised (adj.) 吃惊的（人感受） I was surprised at the news. surprising (adj.) 令人吃惊的（事物特征） That’s a surprising decision. 常用结构： to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 be surprised at sth. / to do sth. a surprising result / ending 3.another / more 用法对比 结构 用法 示例 another + 数字 + 名词复数 表“再……个” I need another two apples. 数字 + more + 名词复数 同义替换 I need two more apples. some / a few / any + more + 名词 表“再多一些……” We need a few more volunteers. 同义替换： another two books = two more books another five minutes = five more minutes 1.To my , the results were far better than expected.令我惊讶的是，结果比预期好很多。 2.She tried solve the problem in many different ways.她尝试用很多不同方式解决这个问题。 3.I decided not waste time and made a strict study plan.我决定不再浪费时间，并制定了严格的学习计划。 4.They asked for five days to finish the task.他们请求再给五天时间来完成任务。 五．语法串讲 as...as的用法 一． as...as与not as/so...as 用法 例句 当我们想表达"和……一样"时,常用"as + 形容词原级/副词原级+ as"结构。 This park is as large as that one.这个公园和那个公园一样大。 He studies as hard as his brother.他学习和他弟弟一样努力。 当我们想表达"和……不一样,不如/不及……"时,常用"not as/so + 形容词原级/副词原级+ as"结构。 I'm not as/so tall as him. 我没有他高。 二． not as/so...as与比较级结构之间的转换 　　"not as/so...as"结构意为 "不及,不如……",也可以用比较级结构来转换。 Cycling is not as/so dangerous as diving.=Cycling is less dangerous than diving.=Diving is more dangerous than cycling.骑自行车没有潜水危险。 Jim doesn't run as/so fast as my sister.=Jim runs more slowly than my sister.=My sister runs faster than Jim.吉姆没有我妹妹跑得快。 反身代词 一．反身代词的分类 　　反身代词即人称代词的反身形式。它所指代的人或物与主语一致,在句中可以起到强调的作用。反身代词的分类如下: 　数 人称　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 二．反身代词的用法 用法 例句 作及物动词(短语) 的宾语　 经常用在enjoy、 teach、 hurt、 introduce、dress、 express、 help、 look after等后面。 Daniel teaches himself Japanese now.丹尼尔现在在自学日语。 作介词的宾语 用在介词by、 to、 for等后面。 Lily bought a skirt for herself yesterday.莉莉昨天给自己买了一条短裙。 作同位语 作主语或宾语的同位语时,起强调作用,意为"本人,本身,亲自"。 He himself is a teacher.他本人就是一名教师。 You'd better ask your sister herself.你最好去问问你姐姐本人。 拓展常见的含有反身代词的短语 teach oneself 　　　　　 learn…by oneself say to oneself by oneself help oneself to… take care of oneself look after oneself enjoy oneself hurt oneself lose oneself in… introduce oneself dress oneself 六．写作串讲 本单元的主题是“成为好的学习者”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍学习方法。 与此相关的写作维度有: ①学习英语、汉语等学科或某种技能的方法; ②学习某学科或技能的计划。 中考书面表达与此相关的命题形式有很多,如回复邮件、回帖/发帖、给报社投稿和经验分享等。一般要介绍的主要内容有:学习某内容的重要性、相关的学习方法或计划等。 必备词句: （1）be interested in对……感兴趣　 （2）suggest sb. do sth. 建议某人做某事　 （3）a way to do sth. 做某事的一种方式 （4）read Chinese books 读中文书　 （5）spoken Chinese 中文口语 （6）be widely used 被广泛使用　 （7）make use of 使用　 （8）sign up for a Chinese class 报名参加汉语课程　 （9）work out the problem 解决问题　 （10）come up with a lot of good ideas想出很多好主意 （11）Learning English is not an easy job.学习英语并非易事。 （12）Between classes, I would try to review what I had learned until I understood it.课间,我会努力复习所学内容,直到理解为止。 （13）Learning Chinese is not only a way to communicate, but also a chance to admire Chinese culture.学习汉语不仅是一种交流方式,也是一个欣赏中国文化的机会。 （14）It's useful to read Chinese books and listen to Chinese songs.读中文书和听中文歌都有用。 写作实例 假如你是李明,你的英国朋友Amy的学校即将开设特色选修 课程,她正在考虑是否选修汉语,所以来信询问你的建议。请你根据所给提示给她写封回信。 要点:1.给出你的建议;2.学习汉语的重要性;3.结合自身经历, 介绍至少两种学习汉语的方法。 要求:1.必须包含所给要点,可适当发挥; 2.语句通顺,意 思 连贯,语法正确,书写规范;3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名; 4.词数100左右(开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear Amy, I'm so glad to hear from you. I hope my suggestions can help you. Yours, Li Ming Dear Amy, I'm so glad to hear from you. Knowing you are interested in Chinese, I suggest you choose Chinese. I hope my suggestions can help you. Yours, Li Ming $ Unit 3 To be a good learner 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词 1. 为……提供食物;喂养feed 2. 钓鱼,捕鱼fish 3. 指导;给某人领路（或导游）guide 4. 创建;建立found 5. 归还return 6. 预测predict 7. 发明invent 8. 翻译translate 9. 发音pronounce 10. 重复repeat 名词 11. 学习者learner 12. 一生,有生之年lifetime 13. 旅程,旅行journey 14. 冲劲;本能需求drive 15. 发明家inventor 16. 天资,才能;有才能的人talent 17. 世纪;百年century 18. 印刷行业print 19. 书商bookseller 20. 暴风雨storm 21. 调查发现finding 22. 发明invention 23. 伟大greatness 24. 成功success 25. 意大利语;意大利人Italian 26. 交谈,谈话conversation 27.（书刊或纸张的）页page 28. 印刷工,印刷商;打印机printer 29. 方言dialect 30. 句子sentence 31. 发音pronunciation 32. 语法grammar 33. 文本;文章text 34. 演讲;说话的能力speech 35. 拼写spelling 36. 游客;观光者tourist 形容词 37. 单个的;单身的single 38. 有成效的;成功的successful 39. 终身的lifelong 40. 好奇的curious 41. 数不尽的countless 42. 可能的possible 代词 43. 他自己himself 44. 他们（她们,它们）自己themselves 45. 你自己yourself 46. 你们自己yourselves 介词 47. 逆;反对against 48. 除……之外（还）besides 副词 49. 严重地,厉害地badly 50. 慢速地,缓慢地slowly 51. 出声地;大声地aloud 52. 正确地correctly 多重词性词 53. vt. & vi.录制 vi. 记录 n. 记录;纪录record 二．重点短语背默 1. 落后fall behind 2. 使……突出,使……与众不同set...apart 3. 为了in order to 4. 不足为奇come as no surprise 5. 免费for free 6. 自学teach oneself 7. 感受到鼓舞feel encouraged 8. 在不同的领域in different areas 9. 在未来in the future 10. 尽可能as...as possible 11. 与当地人交谈talk with the locals 12. 将自己融入语言环境中put oneself in the language environment 13. 而不是rather than 14. 令某人惊讶的是to one's surprise 三．重点句子背默 1. 对我来说,关键之一是要有强烈的学习动力。 For me, one thing is to have strong drive to learn. 2. 富兰克林从小就酷爱学习,这使他与众不同。 From a young age, Franklin's great love of learning set him apart from many others. 3. 作为一个终身学习者,他将学习视为一段令人兴奋且永无止境的旅程充满了奇观与成功。 As a lifelong learner, he saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonder and success. 4. 找到你的兴趣并努力工作,你可能会取得巨大的成功。 Find your interest and work hard, and you may meet with great success. 5. 如果学习新东西看起来很困难,别担心。 Don't worry if learning something new seems difficult. 6. 所以,让我们为自己设定目标并迈出第一步吧。 So let's set goals for ourselves and take the first step. 7. 此外,富兰克林是一位科学家,他的许多发现在科学史上发挥了重要作用。 Moreover, Franklin was a scientist, and many of his findings played an important role in the history of science. 8. 除了他在语言方面的巨大天赋和浓厚兴趣外,赵还有有效的语言学习方法。 Besides his great talent and strong interest in languages, Zhao had useful ways to learn languages. 9. 我相信通过听、读、写和说,我可以整体提升我的语言技能。 I believe through listening, reading, writing and speaking I can improve my language skills as a whole. 10. 我认为你应该尽可能多地听英语。 I think you should try to listen to English as often as possible. 11. 熟能生巧。 Practice makes perfect. 四．核心知识点解析 考点1： Studying is like rowing a boat against moving water, if you don’t move.学习就像逆水行舟，不进则退。 1.be like就像 2.词汇讲解：against 含义 示例 靠、撞 Put the piano against the wall. 反对、违背 We must fight against injustice. 逆着、迎着 Don't drive against the traffic. 用法归纳 表示“碰撞”“反对”“对抗”“靠着”，根据上下文选择正确含义。 3.语法：if 引导条件状语从句 口诀：if 表“如果”，主将从现 1.找主句和从句分界线： 若 if 在句首 → 分界线是逗号 若 if 在句中 → 分界线在 if 前面 2.主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时 1.Studying is like rowing a boat against the current.学习就像逆水行舟。 2.Life is like climbing a mountain — every step requires effort, or you’ll never reach the top.生活就像爬山—每一步都需要努力，否则你永远到不了山顶。 3.If you don’t keep moving forward, you’ll eventually be left behind by those who do.如果你不持续前进，最终会被那些坚持前进的人甩在后面。 考点2：Keep learning and trying to improve. If you stop learning, you will stop getting better.持续学习，持续进步；一旦停下，就不再变好。 keep 的常见用法 结构 含义 例句 keep + n. 饲养 keep a pet keep + adj. / adv. 保持状态 keep healthy / keep off the wall keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 keep reading keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 = stop sb. from doing sth. = prevent sb. (from) doing sth. The noise kept me from sleeping. 1.Keep asking questions and challenging yourself — that’s how progress is made.持续提问并挑战自己——进步正是在这样的过程中实现的。 2.If you stop reflecting on your mistakes, you’ll stop growing as a learner.如果你停止反思错误，你作为学习者的成长也会随之停止。 考点3：What do you think is important for successful learning?你认为成功学习最重要的是什么？ ①【常用句式】 What do you think of...? = What do you think about...? = How do you like/find...? 表达“你觉得……怎么样？” ②【核心词汇】 important (adj.) 重要的 importance (n.) 重要性 be important = be of importance 表“很重要” 1.I think developing a strong sense of self-discipline is essential for academic success.我认为，培养强烈的自律意识对学业成功至关重要。 2.In my opinion, what matters most is the ability to stay curious and never settle for superficial understanding.在我看来，最重要的是保持好奇心，并且不满足于肤浅的理解。 考点3：If you’re willing to learn, you’ll work harder.如果你愿意学习，就会更加努力。 ①【重点词汇：willing】 willing (adj.) 乐意的，愿意的 be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事 例句：- She is willing to help me. 　 - We are willing to work hard. ②【词组辨析：work hard / hard work / hard-working】 结构 含义 举例 work hard (动词 + 副词) 努力学习/工作 He always works hard. hard work (形容词 + 名词) 辛苦的工作 Success takes hard work. hard-working (形容词) 勤奋的，努力的 She is a hard-working student. 1.If you're willing to step outside your comfort zone, you'll discover your true potential.如果你愿意走出舒适区，你就会发现自己的真正潜力。 2.We are willing to invest time and energy because we understand that excellence requires persistence.我们愿意投入时间和精力，因为我们明白卓越需要坚持不懈。 考点4：Yes, I agree.是的，我同意 重点句式 I agree with sb.：我同意某人的观点 I agree to do sth.：我同意/赞成做某事 I can’t agree more.：我非常赞同（=不能再同意了） agree (v.) 搭配结构 含义 示例 agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you. agree on/about sth. 对……达成一致意见 We agree on the plan. agree to do sth. 赞成去做某事 She agreed to help us. 拓展：agreement (n.) 协议；一致 reach an agreement with sb. be in agreement on sth. 1.I strongly agree that teamwork plays a vital role in learning.我非常同意团队合作在学习中起着关键作用。 2.It’s easier to make progress when everyone is in agreement.当每个人意见一致时，更容易取得进展。 考点5：It’ll help us manage our time well.这将有助于我们更好地管理时间。 结构 含义 示例 manage to do sth. 设法完成某事（= succeed in doing sth.） I managed to fix the problem. try to do sth. 努力去做（结果未知） I try to open the door with the key. 1.I managed to finish the task before the deadline, thanks to careful planning.多亏了周密计划，我设法在截止日期前完成了任务。 2.We try to make full use of our time so we can stay productive.我们努力充分利用时间，以保持高效。 考点6：I couldn’t agree more.我完全同意！ 常考交际用语分类整理 表示同意 / 认可 I think so. 我认为也如此。 I can’t agree more. 我非常赞成。 No problem. 没问题。 Well done. 很好。 You’re welcome. 不客气。 表示否定 / 拒绝 Certainly not. 当然不。 You’d better not. 你最好不要。 I am afraid not. 我恐怕不行。 表示不确定 / 委婉 I don’t know yet. 我也不知道。 It doesn’t matter. 没关系。 表示遗憾 / 惋惜 What a shame. 太可惜了。 What a pity. 太可惜了。 1.That’s exactly how I feel.这正是我的想法。 2.I completely agree with your point of view.我完全同意你的观点。 3.I’m afraid I have a different opinion.恐怕我有不同的看法。 考点7：Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents and one of the most famous people of the 18th century. 富兰克林是一个才华横溢的人，也是18世纪最著名的人物之一。 1.talent (n.) 天赋；才能；有才华的人 相关结构 含义 示例 talented (adj.) 有才能的，有天赋的 She is a talented musician. talent show 才艺表演 They joined a school talent show. have a talent for sth. 在某方面有天赋 He has a talent for painting. 2.one of + 复数名词：……之一 all of + 复数名词：全部（All of them are tired.） none of + 复数名词：一个都不（None of these answers is correct.） some of + 复数名词：一些（Some of the kids are outside.） 3.famous (adj.) 著名的，出名的 结构 含义 示例 be famous for + 原因 因……而出名 France is famous for its wine. be famous as + 身份/职业 作为……而著名 She is famous as an actress. 1.She is a woman of great wisdom and determination.她是一位极具智慧和决心的女性。 2.Einstein was one of the greatest scientists in history.爱因斯坦是历史上最伟大的科学家之一。 3.The city is famous for its blend of tradition and innovation.这座城市因其传统与创新并存而闻名。 4.He is famous as a pioneer in modern education.他作为现代教育的先驱而闻名。 考点8：Franklin had only two years of education before he had to start work.富兰克林只接受了两年教育，就不得不开始工作了。 1.must vs. have to 结构 含义 特点 例句 must 必须（主观义务） 带有说话人意愿 My mother is ill, so I must go now. mustn’t 禁止 强烈语气 You mustn’t smoke here. have to 不得不（客观需要） 由环境决定 He has to eat at school. don’t have to = needn’t 没必要 表示不强求 You don’t have to work on weekends. 2.education 词形 词性 含义 例句 education n. 教育 Many children don’t have access to good education. educate sb. to do sth. v. 教育某人做某事 We should educate children to be honest. educator n. 教育家 He is a great educator. educated adj. 受过教育的，有教养的 She is well educated and polite. educational adj. 教育的，有教育意义的 It was an educational visit. 3.start to do sth. vs. start doing sth. 搭配 含义 使用场景 start to do sth. 开始做某事 强调动作起始点 / 表达情感、思想类动词 / 进行时使用较多 start doing sth. 开始进行一项活动 强调持续性、习惯性动作 小结：He started to realize the problem.（思想动词） She started doing yoga every morning.（习惯性活动） It started to rain.（主语为“it”，用不定式） 1.Many children have to give up school because of poverty.许多孩子因为贫困而不得不上学。 2.Receiving proper education is a basic right for everyone.接受良好教育是每个人的基本权利。 3.She started to understand the meaning of responsibility.她开始理解“责任”的含义。 考点9：While working in his brother’s print shop, Franklin taught himself by reading a lot.富兰克林在哥哥的印刷店工作时，通过大量阅读自学成才。 1.while / when + doing sth. 用法 示例 表时间状语，从句主语与主句一致时可省略 While working, he learned a lot. when 可引导宾语从句或不定式结构 I don’t know when to go. / I don’t know when he will go. 区分总结 while/when + doing：时间状语（=在……期间） when + to do：宾语成分（不定式结构） when + 主语 + 谓语：宾语从句 2.by 的五种用法归类 用法结构 含义 示例 by + doing sth. 通过某种方式 He studies by reading aloud. by + 事物 在……旁边、靠近 There’s a bench by the tree. by + 时间 不迟于，在……之前 Please finish it by Friday. by + 交通工具 通过……方式出行 He travels by bus. by + 人（被动语态） 被，由 He was raised by his aunt. 3.a lot 的用法归纳 用法 示例 修饰动词 He works a lot. 修饰比较级 She speaks a lot more clearly. 作主语/宾语/表语 A lot has changed. / I’ve learned a lot. 1.While working part-time, she managed to balance study and life.在兼职的同时，她设法平衡了学习与生活。 2、He taught himself programming by building small websites.他通过制作小型网站自学了编程。 考点10：He often borrowed books from booksellers and stayed up very late in order to return them early the next day.他经常向书商借书，为了第二天一早归还，常常熬夜读书。 1.borrow vs. lend vs. keep 动词 含义 结构 示例 borrow 借入 borrow sth. from sb. Can I borrow your pen? lend 借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth. He lent me a book. keep 保留、借用多长时间 keep sth. for + 时间 You can keep it for a week. 2.stay 短语拓展 结构 含义 示例 stay up (late) 熬夜 He stayed up until midnight. stay at home 呆在家 I stayed at home all day. stay awake / alive / healthy 保持清醒 / 活着 / 健康 Try to stay awake in class. 3.order 的多义用法 结构 含义 示例 in order to do sth. 为了…… I get up early in order to catch the bus. order sb to do sth. 命令某人做某事 He ordered us to leave. keep…in order 保持井然有序 Keep your desk in good order. 4.return 的两种用法 用法 含义 示例 return to + 地点 回到某地 She returned to school. return sth. to sb. 把某物归还某人 Please return the book to me. 1.He stayed up late in order to finish the novel before returning it.他熬夜读完小说，以便及时归还。 2.In order to improve my English, I often stay up reading aloud.为了提高英语，我常常熬夜朗读。 考点11：Curious about the world around him.他对周围的世界充满好奇。 be curious about...：对……感到好奇 curiosity (n.) 好奇心 → out of curiosity：出于好奇 词形 词性 含义 示例 curious adj. 好奇的 She is curious about science. curiosity n. 好奇心 He asked the question out of curiosity. 1.Children are naturally curious about how the world works.孩子天生对世界运作充满好奇。 2.Out of curiosity, I opened the old box.出于好奇，我打开了那个旧盒子。 考点12：Franklin did not make money from any of his inventions but let people use them for free. 富兰克林从未靠他的发明赚钱，而是让人们免费使用。 1.invent 单词 词性 含义 invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明物 inventor n. 发明者 2.表示“人”的后缀总结 后缀 示例 -er runner, swimmer, reader -or actor, inventor, visitor -ist artist, pianist, scientist 3.free 的三重含义 含义 示例 免费的 We can download the app for free. 空闲的 Are you free this afternoon? 自由的 You’re free to choose any topic. 1.He shared all his inventions with the public for free.他无偿将所有发明分享给大众。 2.Instead of making money, he chose to let others benefit freely.他没有选择赚钱，而是让他人免费受益。 考点13：He saw learning as an exciting and endless journey, full of wonders and success.他把学习视为一段令人兴奋、无止境的旅程，充满了奇迹与成功。 1.excited vs. exciting 词形 含义 主语 示例 excited 感到兴奋的（人的感受） 人 I’m excited about the trip. exciting 令人兴奋的（事物本身） 事/物 It’s an exciting story. 常用结构： be excited about/at sth. be excited to do sth. be excited that 从句 2.succeed 结构 含义 示例 succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 He succeeded in passing the test. be successful in doing sth. 同义表达 She was successful in changing her habits. do sth. successfully 副词表达 He completed the mission successfully. have success in doing sth. 名词结构 They had great success in business. manage to do sth. 设法做到（强调结果） I managed to solve the problem. success 词族扩展： success (n.) 成功 3.be full of = be filled with The room is full of laughter. The room is filled with laughter. 1.She views reading as an exciting adventure full of discoveries.她把阅读看作一场充满发现的刺激冒险。 2.We were excited to explore new knowledge together.我们对一起探索新知识感到兴奋。 3.He succeeded in overcoming all the challenges through perseverance.他通过坚持不懈成功克服了所有挑战。 考点14：It can translate your mother language into over 20 languages.它可以把你的母语翻译成20多种语言。 1.translate 结构 含义 示例 translate sth. into sth. 翻译成…… Can you translate this into English? translate for sb. 为某人翻译 He translated for the visitors. 词形拓展： translation (n.) 翻译；译文translator (n.) 译者machine translation：机器翻译 1.This app can translate real-time conversations into multiple languages.这个应用可以实时将对话翻译成多种语言。 2.She worked as a translator for foreign guests during the meeting.在会议中她担任外宾的翻译。 3.They used AI tools to translate textbooks into minority languages.他们使用人工智能工具将教材翻译成少数民族语言。 考点15：构词法：动词 / 名词 + 后缀 → 表示“人”的名词 1.构词规则总结 后缀 来源词 含义 举例 -er 多为动词 表示“做某事的人” speaker（讲话者）、farmer（农民） -or 多为动词 功能/职业/角色 actor（演员）、inventor（发明者） -r 多为动词 简化形式，常为职业者 writer（作家）、driver（司机） -ist 多为名词 表专业人士/技艺者 artist（艺术家）、scientist（科学家） 2.典型构词示例对照表 speak → speaker 说话的人 collect → collector 收藏家 farm → farmer 农民 direct → director 导演 paint → painter 画家，油漆工 drive → driver 司机 play → player 选手，运动员 write → writer 作者 report → reporter 记者 dance → dancer 舞者 wait → waiter 男服务员 tour → tourist 旅行者 shop → shopper 购物者 art → artist 艺术家 win → winner 获胜者 science → scientist 科学家 swim → swimmer 游泳者 piano → pianist 钢琴家 visit → visitor 参观者 collect → collector 收藏家 1.The reporter asked the director several sharp questions.记者向导演提了几个尖锐的问题。 2.She is not just a dancer, but also a talented painter.她不仅是一名舞者，还是一位才华横溢的画家。 3.He dreams of becoming a scientist like his father.他梦想成为像父亲那样的科学家。 4.Many tourists visit this ancient city every year.每年都有许多游客参观这座古城。 考点16：There are more and more chances for people to develop their interests in different areas.人们在各个领域培养兴趣的机会日益增多。 1.interest 用法 (1) -ed / -ing 形容词 结尾 修饰对象 含义 例句 -ed 人 感到……的 I’m interested in English. -ing 事/物 令人……的 It’s an interesting book. (2) 常见补充： place of interest：风景名胜 have/show interest in sth. = be interested in sth. 2. develop 用法 词性 形式 含义与示例 v. develop We need to develop better communication skills. n. development With the development of technology... adj. developing / developed developing countries / developed areas develop A into B：把A发展成B with the development of...：随着……的发展 考点17：and many of his findings played an important role in the history of science. 知识归纳 as...as possible = as...as sb. can/could表示“尽可能……”，中间为原级形容词或副词。 1.I think they will be back as soon as possible.我想他们很快就会回来的。 2.You need to run as fast as you can.你得跑得越快越好。 考点18：Zhao believed that it was best to focus on learning sentences rather than single words.赵认为，与其学习单个单词，不如专注于学习句子更为妥当。 focus 表达： 结构 含义 focus on sth. / doing sth. 集中注意力于... be focused on sth. / doing sth. 被集中/强调于... 1.Focus on improving your pronunciation.重点提升你的发音。 2.He is focused on solving the problem.他专注于解决问题。 考点19： In this way, he remembered the meanings of the words well.这样一来，他便能很好地记住这些单词的含义。 meaning 构成： 词性 词形 含义 v. mean 意味着 / 打算 n. meaning 意思 / 意义 adj. meaningful 有意义的 adj. meaningless 毫无意义的 I didn’t mean to hurt you.我并非有意伤害你。 This word has two different meanings.这个词有两个不同的含义。 It’s meaningful to help others.帮助他人是有意义的。 The meeting felt meaningless.这次会议感觉毫无意义。 考点20：It’s important to practise little and often.勤于小练习、多练习至关重要。 practise / practice / exercise 区别： 词性 词汇 含义 v. practise 练习（BrE） n. practice 练习 / 实践 adj. practical 实际的 v/n. exercise 锻炼 / 练习 Practise speaking every day.每天练习口语。 Put what you learn into practice.将所学知识付诸实践。 It’s not a practical idea.这个想法并不实用。 Do morning exercises / exercise regularly.进行晨间锻炼或定期锻炼 考点21：few / little / at most / at least 用法 修饰对象 含义 few 可数名词 几乎没有 a few 可数名词 一些 little 不可数名词 几乎没有 a little 不可数名词 一些 Few people understood the joke.没有人明白这个笑话。 A few students stayed late.部分学生留校至深夜。 There’s little hope left.希望已所剩无几。 There’s a little milk in the fridge.冰箱里还有点牛奶。 考点22：Try to focus on the main idea of a talk or speech.尝试聚焦于演讲或讲话的主旨。 1.try 用法对比 结构 含义 示例 try to do sth. 努力做某事（未必成功） Try to finish your homework. try doing sth. 尝试做某事（做法的一种） Try restarting the computer. try (n.) 尝试 Let me have a try. 2.surprise 用法全解析 词形 含义 示例 surprise (n.) 惊奇，意外 What a big surprise! surprise (v.) 使吃惊 The result surprised him. surprised (adj.) 吃惊的（人感受） I was surprised at the news. surprising (adj.) 令人吃惊的（事物特征） That’s a surprising decision. 常用结构： to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 be surprised at sth. / to do sth. a surprising result / ending 3.another / more 用法对比 结构 用法 示例 another + 数字 + 名词复数 表“再……个” I need another two apples. 数字 + more + 名词复数 同义替换 I need two more apples. some / a few / any + more + 名词 表“再多一些……” We need a few more volunteers. 同义替换： another two books = two more books another five minutes = five more minutes 1.To my surprise, the results were far better than expected.令我惊讶的是，结果比预期好很多。 2.She tried to solve the problem in many different ways.她尝试用很多不同方式解决这个问题。 3.I decided not to waste time and made a strict study plan.我决定不再浪费时间，并制定了严格的学习计划。 4.They asked for another five days to finish the task.他们请求再给五天时间来完成任务。 五．语法串讲 as...as的用法 一． as...as与not as/so...as 用法 例句 当我们想表达"和……一样"时,常用"as + 形容词原级/副词原级+ as"结构。 This park is as large as that one.这个公园和那个公园一样大。 He studies as hard as his brother.他学习和他弟弟一样努力。 当我们想表达"和……不一样,不如/不及……"时,常用"not as/so + 形容词原级/副词原级+ as"结构。 I'm not as/so tall as him. 我没有他高。 二． not as/so...as与比较级结构之间的转换 　　"not as/so...as"结构意为 "不及,不如……",也可以用比较级结构来转换。 Cycling is not as/so dangerous as diving.=Cycling is less dangerous than diving.=Diving is more dangerous than cycling.骑自行车没有潜水危险。 Jim doesn't run as/so fast as my sister.=Jim runs more slowly than my sister.=My sister runs faster than Jim.吉姆没有我妹妹跑得快。 反身代词 一．反身代词的分类 　　反身代词即人称代词的反身形式。它所指代的人或物与主语一致,在句中可以起到强调的作用。反身代词的分类如下: 　数 人称　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 二．反身代词的用法 用法 例句 作及物动词(短语) 的宾语　 经常用在enjoy、 teach、 hurt、 introduce、dress、 express、 help、 look after等后面。 Daniel teaches himself Japanese now.丹尼尔现在在自学日语。 作介词的宾语 用在介词by、 to、 for等后面。 Lily bought a skirt for herself yesterday.莉莉昨天给自己买了一条短裙。 作同位语 作主语或宾语的同位语时,起强调作用,意为"本人,本身,亲自"。 He himself is a teacher.他本人就是一名教师。 You'd better ask your sister herself.你最好去问问你姐姐本人。 拓展常见的含有反身代词的短语 teach oneself 自学　　　　　　　 learn…by oneself 自学 say to oneself 自言自语 by oneself 独立地,独自 help oneself to… 自己取(食物等) take care of oneself 照顾自己 look after oneself 照顾自己 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 hurt oneself 伤害自己 lose oneself in… 沉迷于…… introduce oneself 自我介绍 dress oneself给自己穿衣服 六．写作串讲 本单元的主题是“成为好的学习者”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍学习方法。 与此相关的写作维度有: ①学习英语、汉语等学科或某种技能的方法; ②学习某学科或技能的计划。 中考书面表达与此相关的命题形式有很多,如回复邮件、回帖/发帖、给报社投稿和经验分享等。一般要介绍的主要内容有:学习某内容的重要性、相关的学习方法或计划等。 必备词句: （1）be interested in对……感兴趣　 （2）suggest sb. do sth. 建议某人做某事　 （3）a way to do sth. 做某事的一种方式 （4）read Chinese books 读中文书　 （5）spoken Chinese 中文口语 （6）be widely used 被广泛使用　 （7）make use of 使用　 （8）sign up for a Chinese class 报名参加汉语课程　 （9）work out the problem 解决问题　 （10）come up with a lot of good ideas想出很多好主意 （11）Learning English is not an easy job.学习英语并非易事。 （12）Between classes, I would try to review what I had learned until I understood it.课间,我会努力复习所学内容,直到理解为止。 （13）Learning Chinese is not only a way to communicate, but also a chance to admire Chinese culture.学习汉语不仅是一种交流方式,也是一个欣赏中国文化的机会。 （14）It's useful to read Chinese books and listen to Chinese songs.读中文书和听中文歌都有用。 写作实例 假如你是李明,你的英国朋友Amy的学校即将开设特色选修 课程,她正在考虑是否选修汉语,所以来信询问你的建议。请你根据所给提示给她写封回信。 要点:1.给出你的建议;2.学习汉语的重要性;3.结合自身经历, 介绍至少两种学习汉语的方法。 要求:1.必须包含所给要点,可适当发挥; 2.语句通顺,意 思 连贯,语法正确,书写规范;3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名; 4.词数100左右(开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数)。 Dear Amy, I'm so glad to hear from you. I hope my suggestions can help you. Yours, Li Ming Dear Amy, I'm so glad to hear from you. Knowing you are interested in Chinese, I suggest you choose Chinese. With the development of China, Chinese is becoming more and more popular. Learning Chinese is not only a way to communicate, but also a chance to admire Chinese culture. As a Chinese, I have learned Chinese for many years. I have a lot of experience to share with you. In my opinion, there are many ways to learn Chinese. It's useful to read Chinese books and listen to Chinese songs. What's more, you can practice your spoken Chinese by joining a Chinese club. I hope my suggestions can help you. Yours, Li Ming $