UNIT 1 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册教用Word（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心词汇（如potential, challenge等）、派生词、短语及重点句型，系统梳理从基础词汇拓展（含反义词、固定搭配）到语法结构（如while状语从句、倒装结构），再到阅读理解与写作应用的递进脉络，构建完整学习支架。 该资料通过词汇系统归类提升语言能力，语法解析与阅读题培养思维品质，练习题与应用文写作任务促进学习能力。课中辅助教师讲解重难点，课后助力学生巩固词汇、语法，查漏补缺，提升综合语言运用能力。

potential n．潜力；可能性　adj.潜在的，可能的 [派生词]　potentially adv.潜在地，可能地 [短语]　achieve/fulfill/reach one's (full) potential(充分)发挥某人的潜能 have the potential to do...有做……的潜力 challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑 [派生词]　challenging adj.有挑战性的 thinking n．思维，思想；想法 think v．想；认为；思考 positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的 [派生词]　positively adv.肯定地；乐观地 [反义词]　negative adj.消极的；负面的 [短语]　be positive about确信；对……乐观 lie in存在于，在于 acquire vt.获得，得到 [派生词]　acquisition n．获得，习得 effort n．努力，费力的事；试图 [短语]　make efforts/an effort to do sth.努力做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力做某事 with/without effort费力地/容易地，不费力地 advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进　vt.& vi.发展，进步 [派生词]　advanced adj.高级的；先进的 [短语]　make advances取得进步/进展 in advance事先，提前 in advance of...在……前面；比……进步/超前 advance on/towards向……前进 amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 amaze vt.使惊讶 [派生词]　amazed adj.大为惊奇的，惊讶的 amazement n．惊奇，惊愕 confidence n．信心，信任；把握 confident adj.自信的；有把握的 [派生词]　confidently adv.自信地 make a difference 起作用，有影响 make the most of充分利用，尽情享受 take advantage of利用 equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的　n．同等的人(物)　linking v．与……相等　vt.比得上 [派生词]　equally adv.平等地；同样地 equality n．平等；相等 [短语]　be equal to 能胜任，能应付 attitude n．态度，看法 goal n．目标；进球得分 balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力 [派生词]　balanced adj.平衡的 [短语]　balance A against B 权衡/比较A和B balance A with/and B 同等重视A和B keep/lose (one's) balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡 keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡 improve vt.& vi.改进，改善 [派生词]　improvement n．改善；改进 last but not least 最后但同样重要的 character n．品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字 responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 [派生词]　responsibly adv.明事理地；认真负责地；可信赖地 irresponsible adj.不负责任的；不可靠的 responsibility n．责任；义务 [短语]　be responsible for sth. 对……负责 take responsibility for sth.对……负责 It is sb.'s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责。 ahead adv.(时间、空间)向前；提前 [短语]　go ahead 开始做；进行；先走 ahead of... 在……之前；早于；领先 forward adv.向将来；向前；进展，前进 [短语]　look forward to 盼望，期待 independent adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的 depend v．依靠，依赖 [派生词]　independently adv.独立地；自主地 independence n．独立，自立 dependent adj.依赖的，依靠的 focus n．焦点，重点　vt.& vi.集中 [短语]　focus on/upon 集中于……；关注…… detail n．细节；具体情况 [派生词]　detailed adj.详细的 [短语]　in detail 详细地 as a result of 由于 [短语]　as a result 结果，因此 result in 造成，导致 result from由……引起，起因于…… base vt.以……为基础(依据)　n．根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营 [派生词]　based adj.以……为基础/依据；总部在…… basis n．基础；基准；原因 basic adj.基础的；基本的 basically adv.大体上；基本上 [短语]　base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据 remind vt.提醒，使想起 [派生词]　reminder n．提醒；引起回忆的事物 [短语]　remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb. that...提醒某人…… stick to 坚持；固守，维持 proposal n．提议，建议，动议 propose v．提议，建议；求婚 [短语]　make a proposal 提议 aim n．目的，目标　vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对 [派生词]　aimless adj.无目标的 aimlessly adv.无目的地 style n．风格；方式；样式 professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的　n．专门人员，专业人士 profession n．专业，职业 [派生词]　professor n．教授 poster n．海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人 secondary adj.中学的；次要的 [短语]　a secondary school 中学 exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换 [短语]　in exchange (for) 作为(对……的)交换 an exchange student交换生 exchange A for B 拿A换B exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 host n．主人；东道主；主持人　vt.主办；主持 [派生词]　hostess n．女主人；女主持人 tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的 alarm n．闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器　vt.使惊恐，使害怕 [派生词]　alarmed adj.担心的；害怕的 alarming adj.使人惊恐的，引起恐慌的 contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠 contribute vt.& vi.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；投稿 [短语]　make contributions/a contribution to 为……做贡献 contribute to 促成；有助于；向……投稿 contribute...to...向……投稿/捐赠/添加…… fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏 fortune n．财富；运气 [派生词]　fortunate adj.幸运的 unfortunate adj.不幸的 [反义词]　unfortunately adv.不幸地，不幸的是 [短语]　try one's fortune冒险；碰运气 make a fortune 发财 over time随着时间流逝，久而久之 option n．可选择的事物，选择；选修课 [派生词]　optional adj.可选择的；选修的 [短语]　have no option but to do 别无选择只好做…… attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应) [派生词]　attraction n．吸引(力)；有吸引力的事物或人 attractive adj.吸引人的，有吸引力的  campus n.　　　　　　　　　 校园 canteen n. 餐厅 laboratory/lab n. 实验室 dormitory n. 学生宿舍 library n. 图书馆 gym n. 体育馆 stadium n. 体育场 teaching building 教学楼 sports ground/field 运动场 sign up for 报名参加 apply for 申请 take notes 记笔记 earn a credit 获得学分 make progress 取得进步 attend classes/lectures 上课/听讲座 obey the school rules 遵守学校规则 take part in after­school activities 参加课外活动 excited adj.　　　　　　　　 兴奋的 nervous adj. 紧张的 challenging adj. 挑战性的 confident adj. 自信的 curious adj. 好奇的 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 a very good experience 一次非常好的体验 be interested in... 对……感兴趣 put sb. under pressure 使某人处于压力下 seize opportunities 抓住机会 work hard 努力学习 give sb. a hand 帮助某人 hold one's head up 振作起来 go all out 竭尽全力，全力以赴 keep an open mind 保持开放的心态 face the challenge bravely 勇敢面对挑战 learn to organise one's schedule 学会安排某人的日程 话题佳句 1.As long as you keep practicing, you'll surely make steady progress in your study. 只要你坚持练习，你就一定会在学习上稳步前进。 2．As far as I'm concerned, only through studying hard can I pass the examination. 就我而言，只有通过努力学习我才能通过考试。 3．It never occurred to me that I would get such a good grade. 我从来没想过自己会取得如此好的成绩。 Period 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading 　〈读文清障〉见教材原文助读1(P213)、〈语基默写〉见默写练习(P235) What does the passage mainly tell us? A.The difference between senior high school and junior high school. B.How to make the most of your school resources. C.How to realize great potential at senior high school. D.How to develop your character at senior high school. 答案：C 1．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A.You will discover your potential at senior high school. B.You will not discover amazing things. C.You will not make medical advances. D.You will not create beautiful works of art. 2．Why should you make full use of school resources? A.To find out what potential is. B.To get your potential fully realized. C.To take part in various sports activities. D.To develop different skills. 3．What do Lao­Tzu's words suggest? A.You need to be less active. B.You need to have a rest regularly. C.You need to make continuous efforts. D.You need to make more good friends. 4．How should you develop your potential at senior high school? A.By trying hard enough. B.By getting over the challenges. C.By discovering amazing things. D.By making a difference to your family. 答案：1～4.ABCA 1．Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough.(Para.3) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中that can be developed为关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词ability；when you try hard enough为时间状语从句。 [翻译]　简而言之，潜力是你们与生俱来的能力，当你们足够努力时，潜力就能得到开发。 2．Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create, what medical advances you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop！(Para.3) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中or连接并列的三个表示选择关系的由what引导的宾语从句。 [翻译]　谁知道你们将创作出怎样美丽的艺术作品，取得怎样的医学进步或者研发出多么惊人的技术！ Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通 根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．realize your potential　 发挥你们的潜力 2．new ways of thinking 新的思维方式 3．those of you with a positive mind 你们中那些有着积极思维的人 4．have the opportunity to acquire great knowledge 有机会获得丰富的知识 5．your time and effort at senior high school 你们在高中付出的时间和努力 6．a positive attitude 积极的态度 7．set clear goals 设定明确的目标 8．develop your character 发展你们的品格 9．in the years ahead 未来几年 Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑→challenging adj.具有挑战性的 2．advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的；晚期的 3．amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊讶→amazed adj.惊讶的→amazement n.惊讶 4．confidence n．信心，信任；把握→confident adj.自信的→confidently adv.自信地 5．equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的n.同等的人(物) linking v．与……相等vt.比得上→equally adv.同样地；平等地；公平地 6．balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n.均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced adj.平衡的；和谐的；均衡的 7．improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→improvement n．改进 8．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n．责任 9．independent adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n．独立；自主 Ⅲ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．She told me that happiness lies__in(在于) helping others to be happy. 2．Put__simply(简而言之), she made us and so many other people happy. 3．People don't follow anyone who doesn't have__confidence__in(对……有信心) themselves. 4．What the champion has said makes__a__difference(有作用) to me and I will stick to my goal with determination. 5．We've only got one day in London, so let's make__the__most__of(充分利用) it and see everything. 6．He takes__advantage__of(利用) every opportunity to speak English outside class. 7．Last__but__not__least(最后但同样重要的), he should be an honest person. 8．In__time(最终) they learned how to write an essay in a short time. 9．In the future, robots might be__responsible__for(对……负责) doing dangerous jobs. 10．I am looking__forward__to(期待) visiting the art gallery next week. Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．what引导宾语从句 I can't wait to describe to you what__senior__high__school__life__is__like(高中生活是什么样子的).(Para.2) 2．while引导时间状语从句 Over the next three years, you will discover your potential while__you__develop(在你们成长的同时) as a student and as a person.(Para.3) 3．it is＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth. To fully realize your potential，it__is__important__for__you__to__make__the__most__of__our__school__resources(对你们来说充分利用我们学校的资源是重要的).(Para.4) 4．倒装结构；“be＋of＋n.”结构 Of__equal__importance__are(同样重要的还有) good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.(Para.5) 5．find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 In time you will find__yourself__growing__into(发现自己成长为) a well－rounded individual.(Para.5) 6．as引导非限制性定语从句 As__Lao­Tzu__wisely__said(正如老子曾明智地说), “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”(Para.6) 　　　　　　　 potential n.潜力；可能性；潜质 adj.潜在的，可能的 【经典例句】 This approach has potential to solve the problem more efficiently than our current methods.　这种方法有可能比我们当前的方法更高效地解决问题。 (1)realize/develop/achieve/reach one's potential 　　　　　　　　 发挥某人的潜力 the potential to do sth. 做某事的潜力 (2)a potential accident 可能发生的事故 potential customers 潜在的顾客 (3)potentially adv. 潜在地，可能地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)She has the potential to__become(become) a famous writer. (2)This is a potentially(potential) dangerous situation. (3)我们应当鼓励学生们发挥他们的潜力。 Students should be encouraged to realize/develop/__achieve/reach__their__potential． 应用文写作之建议信 　　　　　　　 challenge n.& vt.挑战；质疑 【经典例句】 ①(教材P2)The path before you leads to a world full of challenges：a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of thinking. 你们面前的道路通往一个充满挑战的世界：新环境、新知识还有新的思维方式。 ②(人教必修一U1)Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. 从初中过渡到高中确实是一个巨大的挑战。 (1)a challenge to sb.　 对某人来说是个挑战 (2)challenge oneself 挑战自我 take the challenge 接受挑战 challenge sb. to (do) sth. 向某人挑战(做)某事 (3)challenging adj. 具有挑战性的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)She challenged her brother to a race, eager to prove she was faster. (2)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging(challenge) but worth the anxiety. (3)他不确定自己是否能跑完马拉松，但他接受了挑战并取得了成功。 He wasn't sure if he could run a marathon, but he took__the__challenge and succeeded. 　　　　　　　 lie in 存在于，在于 【经典例句】 ① (教材P2)However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each challenge.　但是，对于你们中那些有着积极思维的人来说，机会存在于每一个挑战中。 ②The answer lies in two associated differences among the species, in their digestive systems and body sizes. 答案在于物种之间的两个相关的差异，即它们在消化系统和体型方面的差异。 lie v.　　　　　　　　 躺；平放；说谎 n. 谎言 lie around 到处乱放 lie down 躺下；屈服 tell a lie/lies 说谎 【单句语法填空/句型转换】 (1)Usually if you tell a lie, you have to tell another lie. (2)Don't leave toys lying around,__which will make the room messy. (3)We don't like the child who often tells lies to us. →We don't like the child often__telling__lies__to__us．(分词作定语) 　　　　　　 　effort n.努力，费力的事；试图 【经典例句】 ①(教材P2)Most importantly, your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential.　最重要的是，你们在高中付出的时间和努力都将为你们打开潜力的大门。 ②(人教必修一U4)With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. 在政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山市在废墟中建立起来。 (1)make efforts/an effort/every effort to do sth. 尽一切努力做某事 spare no effort(s) to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 with/without effort(s) 费力地/毫不费力地 in an effort to... 为了；企图 (2)effortless adj. 不费力的；容易的 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)The boy made an effort to__work(work) out the difficult math problem. (2)Only with joint efforts can we make it to the destination, so never lose heart. (3)(2024·浙江卷1月读后续写)为了记住这座大教学楼里的方向，伊娃用了她的思维技巧，最终她的努力得到了回报。 In__an__effort__to__memorize__the__directions in this big teaching building，Eva used her mind trick and her__efforts__finally__paid__off． (4)我将尽全力帮助那些处于困境中的同学。 →I will make__every__effort__to__help those students who are in trouble. →I will spare__no__effort(s)__to__help those students who are in trouble. 　　　　　　　 advance n.进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步；增进，促进 【经典例句】 ①(外研必修一U4)Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.　多亏了科技的进步，我们交友以及与他们沟通的方式已经发生了巨大的变化。 ②If you want to learn advanced literature, I recommend you to read some classics in advance. 如果你想学习高级文学，我建议你提前读一些经典作品。 (1)in advance　　 　 预先；提前；事先 make great advances in... 在……取得很大的进步 (2)advance on/towards... 朝着……前进 (3)advanced adj. 高级的；高等的； 先进的；年老的 【语境辨义/单句语法填空/补全句子/同义替换】 (1)Learning English will advance our knowledge of Western culture. 增进，促进 (2)The company introduced advanced(advance) AI algorithms to improve efficiency. (3)We are all content with our life now, and we are advancing on/towards a brighter future. (4)Despite__his__advanced__age(尽管他年事已高), he actively engaged in community work, always ready to lend a hand. (5)If you want to join the club, please let me know ahead of time. →If you want to join the club, please let me know in__advance． 　　　　　　 　amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的 【经典例句】 ①(外研必修一U5)The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. 黑脉金斑蝶在处于严重困境时，它惊人的能力的奥秘才得以解开。 ②The sunset by the lake was amazing, painting the sky orange and pink. 湖边的日落美极了，把天空染成了橙粉相间的颜色。 (1)amaze v.　　　　　 使惊讶 (2)amazed adj. 惊奇的；惊喜的 be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇 (3)amazement n. 惊讶 to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是 much to one's amazement ＝to one's great amazement 令某人非常惊讶的是 in amazement 惊讶地 (4)amazingly adv. 令人惊讶地；惊奇地 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)He had an amazed look on his face when seeing the amazing scenery in the countryside. (amaze) (2)I was amazed to__find(find) that I was lost in the forest and I froze. (3)杰克惊讶地注视着玛丽，难以置信地摇头。 Jack stared at Mary in__amazement/amazingly and shook his head in disbelief. (4)令我吃惊的是，他们在这么短的时间里成功地控制住了这次严重的大火。 →It__amazed__me that they managed to take control of the terrible fire in such a short time.(it作形式主语) →To__my__amazement,__they managed to take control of the terrible fire in such a short time.(amazement n．) →They managed to take control of the terrible fire in such a short time, which__amazed__me．(定语从句) 　　　　　　　 confidence n.信心，信任；把握 【经典例句】 (教材P3)The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence in your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to our country. 可能性是无限的，我相信你们有能力影响你们的家庭、你们的社区和我们的国家。 (1)confidence n.　　　　　　 信心；信任 with confidence 自信地；有把握地 have confidence of (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有把握 have confidence in... 对……有信心 (2)confident adj. 自信的；有把握的 be/feel confident (3)confidently adv. 自信地；有把握地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)He said confidently(confident)，“My design will be the best one because I have prepared it fully.” (2)I feel much more confident about/of our winning in the coming football game.读后续写之心理描写 (3)总而言之，你应该对自己处理这个问题的能力有信心。 All in all, you should have__confidence__in/be/feel__confident____about/of__your__ability__to__deal__with__the__problem．应用文写作之建议信 　　　　　　　 make a difference 起作用，有影响 【经典例句】 (人教必修一U3)I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 我不知道一个字母之差会有这么大的影响！ (1)make no difference (to/for sb./sth.) (对某人/物)没有作用或影响 make some difference (to/for sb./sth.) (对某人/物)有作用或影响 (2)tell the difference (between A and B) 区分(A和B) 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Only worrying about your situation without taking action makes no difference to/for your development. (2)Our head teacher stresses the importance of telling the difference between right and wrong. (3)在艰难岁月中，一个小小的善举能产生真正的影响。 In times of hardship，a small act of kindness can make__a__real__difference． 　　　　　　　 make the most of 充分利用，尽情享受 【经典例句】 ①(教材P3)To fully realize your potential, it is important for you to make the most of our school resources. 为了充分发挥你们的潜力，对你们来说充分利用我们学校的资源是重要的。 ②(外研必修一U1)That way, you'll make the most of your time at senior high. 那样，你们就能充分利用你们的高中时光。 (1)make the best of　　　 充分利用 make good/full use of 好好/充分利用 (2)at most 至多，不超过 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)The railway will be completed in six months at most. (2)The chance should be made good use of to improve your skills. (3)你应该好好利用这个机会和别人交流。 →You should make__the__best__of this opportunity to communicate with others.(best) →You should make__the__most__of this opportunity to communicate with others.(most) →You should make__good/full__use__of this opportunity to communicate with others.(use)应用文写作之建议信 　　　　　　　 take advantage of 利用 【经典例句】 (教材P3)Take advantage of your classes, learn from your teachers and classmates, and make use of our school facilities. 要利用你们的课堂，向你们的老师和同学学习，还要利用我们的学校设施。 (1)have/gain/win an advantage over... 　　　　 比……占(获得)优势/处于 有利地位；胜过；优于 at an advantage　　　　 处于优势 (be) to one's advantage 对某人有利 (2)disadvantage n. 不利条件；不便 之处 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)My friend has an advantage over me in chemistry. (2)Experienced workers tend to be at an advantage when applying for jobs. (3)It would be to your advantage to prepare questions in advance.应用文写作之建议信 (4)近年来，在线学习变得越来越流行，但是它有优点也有缺点。 In recent years, online learning is becoming more and more popular. However, it has advantages__and__disadvantages．应用文写作之发言稿 　　　　　　 　equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的　n.同等的人(物)　linking v．与……相等 vt.比得上 【经典例句】 ①(人教必修一U5)Our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. 我们关系亲密，并且彼此平等，所以我只需要寥寥数语就能消除我们之间的隔阂。 ②With 10 years of working experience, I am sure that I am equal to the job. 我有着十年的工作经验，我相信自己能胜任这份工作。 (1)be equal to　　　　 　 等于；胜任；赶得上 be equal to (doing) sth. 胜任(做)某事 (2) 无与伦比 (3)equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 　　　　 在(做)某事上比得过、 敌得过某人/物 (4)equally adv. 同样地；相等地；公平地 equality n. 平等；相等；均等 【单句语法填空/完成语段】 (1)Equally important is that we should pay attention to equality between men and women.(equal) (2)I don't think he is equal to doing(do) this kind of work. (3)我推荐汤姆做你的助教。没人在英语口语方面比得上他。另外，他的交流能力无与伦比。总之，我深信他能胜任这个职位。 I recommend Tom to be your teaching assistant.Nobody equals__him__in__spoken__English．Besides，his communication skills have__no__equal/are__without__equal．All in all，I am greatly convinced that he__can__be__equal__to__the__position．应用文写作之推荐信 　　　　　　　 balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性　n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力 【经典例句】 ①(教材P3)Carefully plan your study, set clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.　认真制定你们的学习计划，设定明确的目标，兼顾你们的功课和其他活动。 ②(北师大必修一U2)I think I have a healthy and balanced diet. 我认为我有一个健康且均衡的饮食。 (1)balance...against...　　 权衡，比较 keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 on balance 总的来说 (2)balanced adj. 均衡的 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)On balance, we have a good chance of winning the race. (2)Before making the final decision, you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages. (3)海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且保持了自然的平衡。 Not only do the oceans offer us sufficient food, but they also keep__the__balance__of__nature． 应用文写作之倡议书 　　　　　　 　improve vt.& vi.改进，改善 【经典例句】 (人教必修一WELCOME UNIT)What is the best way for you to improve your reading skills? 你提高阅读技巧的最好方法是什么？ (1)improve on/upon sth. 改进；做出比……更好的成绩 (2)improvement n.　 提高；改进；改善；增进 for improvement 有待改进/提高 make an improvement in... 在……方面改进 【单句语法填空/完成句子/同义替换】 (1)Emma decides to improve on/upon her drawing skills, so she takes an art class after school. (2)We expect to see further improvement(improve) over the coming year. (3)我认为这不仅能使你更熟悉中国，而且有助于提高你的汉语水平。 I believe this will not only make you be more familiar with China but help__improve__your__Chinese．应用文写作之建议信 (4)Your composition is all right. There is still room to be improved, however. →Your composition is all right. There is still room for__improvement,__however. 　　　　　　　 responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的 【经典例句】 ①(人教必修一U1)I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. 作为一名高中生，我知道我必须更加努力地学习，并且习惯承担更多的责任。 ②You are an adult now and you need to take responsibility for your actions. 现在你是成年人了，你需要对自己的行为负责。 (1)be responsible for...　　　 对……负责 (2)responsibility n. 责任；义务 take/shoulder responsibility for... 对……负责 It is one's responsibility to do... 做……是某人的责任。 a sense of responsibility 一种责任感 (3)responsibly adv. 明事理地；认真负责地；可信赖地 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). (2)I am content with the show because Tom with a sense of responsibility has organized it responsibly. (responsible) (3)显然，把中国优秀的传统文化传递给全世界是我们的责任。 Obviously, it's__our____responsibility__to__pass__on excellent traditional Chinese culture to the whole world.应用文写作之传统文化 (4)我们应该为自己的行为负责，并尽最大努力去保护环境。 →We should be__responsible__for__our__own__behaviours and try our best to protect the environment.(responsible adj.) →We should take/shoulder__responsibility__for__our__own__behaviours and try our best to protect the environment.(responsibility n．)应用文写作之环境保护 　　　　　　　 independent adj.自主的，有主见的； 自立的 【经典例句】 (教材P5)In fact, I'm looking forward to being more independent and responsible for my own learning.　事实上，我希望自己更加独立，对自己的学习更加负责。 (1)be independent of/from... 　 　 　　　　　 不受……控制/影响； 独立于……； 不依赖…… (2)independence n. 独立；自主 (3)independently adv. 独立地；自主地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)He was afraid of losing his independence(independent). (2)The project had been finished by the students independently(independent). (3)这个年轻人计划脱离父母自立。 The young man plans to be__independent__of/from his parents. 　　　　　　　 while引导时间状语从句 【经典例句】 ①(教材P3)Over the next three years, you will discover your potential while you develop as a student and as a person.　在今后的三年里，你们作为学生和个体成长的同时，将会发现自己的潜力。 ②(北师大必修一U2)Navarro had let Esteban finish in third place, while he came fourth. 纳瓦罗让埃斯特班得了第三名，而他得了第四名。 while的用法如下： (1)意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句； (2)意为“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)； (3)意为“然而；而”，用作并列连词，表示对比或转折； (4)while可用作名词，意为“一会儿”。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D． (2)虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近，但它也会损害友谊。 While__the__Internet__can__bring__people__closer__together,__it can also harm friendships. (3)在攀岩时，你需要非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。 While__(you__are)__rock­climbing,__you need to remain very focused so that you won't make any dangerous errors. (4)挥手表示再见，点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。 Waving one's hand is to say “Goodbye”．Nodding the head means agreement，while__shaking__it__means__disagreement． 　　　　　　　 倒装结构；“be＋of＋n.”结构 【经典例句】 ①(教材P3)Of equal importance are good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude.　同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能和积极的态度。 ②I'm writing to offer some advice, which I hope will be of benefit. 我写信是提供一些建议，希望能有所帮助。 教材原句使用了倒装结构，其正常语序为“Good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance.”。有时候为了修辞或者强调，常把表语部分置于句首，形成全部倒装。 教材原句中还含有“be＋of＋n.”结构： (1)“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质； (2)常用于这种结构的修饰语有great、little、some、any、no、much等，常见的抽象名词有importance、value、use、help、benefit、significance等。 【单句语法填空/完成句子/同义替换】 (1)(人教必修一U2)Especially amazing is(be) the Incas' dry stone method of building. (2)His opinion is considered to be of great value(valuable) because he has years of experience in the field. (3)在我看来，阅读英语短篇小说对扩大我们的词汇量很重要。 In my view, reading__English__short__stories__is__of__much__importance/significance__for/to enlarging our vocabulary.应用文写作之语言学习 (4)This dictionary is very useful to middle school students. →This dictionary is__of__great__use to middle school students. 　　　　　　　 find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 【经典例句】 (教材P3)In time you will find yourself growing into a well－rounded individual. 最后，你们会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。 “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的常见形式有： (1)find＋宾语＋形容词； (2)find＋宾语＋现在分词(短语)； (3)find＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)。 此外，还有“find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，to do 不定式作真正的宾语。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I found it difficult to concentrate on my studies with the ongoing noise outside. (2)I found all the housework finished(finish), so I decided to go to see a film. (3)When I arrived home, I found my mother making(make) fresh bread in the kitchen. (4)(2025·浙江卷1月读后续写)凯文发现一个男人从一扇开着的窗户跳进邻居的房子里，觉得有必要阻止那个人，所以他冲上前去，迅速穿过街道去抓住他。 Kevin found__a__man__jumping through an open window into his neighbor's house and he found__it__necessary__to__stop__the__man，so he rushed forward and crossed the street quickly to catch him. Senior high school is a world full of 1.challenges(challenge), such as a new environment, new knowledge and new ways of 2.thinking(think).When you rise 3.to the challenges, you will have the opportunity 4.to__acquire(acquire) great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. At senior high school you should try your best to discover your potential. To 5.fully(full) realize your potential, you ought to make 6.the most of our school resources. Of equal importance 7.are(be) your good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. As a senior high school student, you must be an active and responsible student.8.In time you will find yourself growing into a well­rounded individual. It's very important for you to make a 9.continuous(continue) effort to train your mind and develop your character. You alone are responsible for realizing 10.your(you) great potential. Ⅰ.品句填词 1．The expert said that we should face challenges(挑战) in our life bravely so that we could succeed sooner or later. 2．Now that you have grown up，you should be responsible for what you are doing. 3．If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing(惊人的) depth and variety. 4．He lost his balance(平衡) and hurt himself when he went upstairs. 5．The little boy is confident(自信的) enough to take on the challenge, registering for the activity by himself. 6．The city finally revived because of the efforts made by the government and the citizens. 7．China has always insisted that all countries, big or small, should be equal． 8．If you want to improve yourself, you'd better set an objective ahead of time. 9．With medical advances(进步), people can live much longer now. 10．We are doing our best with the limited natural resources(资源) available. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．To avoid missing the train, Emma booked her ticket in__advance(提前), making sure she had a seat for her trip to the city. 2．It is important for you to have__confidence__in(对……有信心) your study. 3．George studied hard.He wanted to make__the__most__of(充分利用) every chance to learn. 4．I would like to thank my publisher, my editor and, last__but__not__least(最后但同样重要的), my family. 5．Luckily, the government spares__no__effort(不遗余力) to help those who are having difficulty in living. 6．If you want to make__a__difference(有影响) in the world, start with the world around you. 7．Frank is__looking__forward__to(正在期待) attending his sister's wedding. 8．Your carelessness led__to(导致) so many mistakes in your job last week. 9．The chief difficulty lies__in(在于) finding a good opportunity nowadays. 10．The children were not able to rise__to(能够处理) the challenges. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 1．As__we__all__know(正如我们都知道的；as引导非限制性定语从句), many parents tend to encourage their children to develop their full potential nowadays.Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and confidence 2.to__achieve__their__goals(来实现他们的目标；动词不定式作目的状语).Parents are always active in concentrating on 3.what__their__children__can__do(他们的孩子能做什么；what引导宾语从句), not what they can't.Parents often encourage their children to take part in extra activities of all types at school.They hold the belief that 4.only__through__taking__part__in__these__activities__can__their__children__become__mature__young__adults(只有通过参加这些活动他们的孩子才能变成成熟的年轻人；倒装结构). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $