Unit 3 Part 3 LESSON 2 WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础过关+能力提升”双层设计，实现从词汇语法到语篇应用的梯度递进，强化语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础过关练|词汇（拼写/辨析）、语法（词形转换/从句）、基础句型|单词拼写结合课标词（包、筷子），单句语法填空聚焦词形转换（waste→wasteful），夯实语言基础| |能力提升练|语篇理解、篇章结构、综合语境应用|阅读理解围绕环保主题培养信息获取能力，完形填空通过生物保护情境提升逻辑推理，适配新授课能力拓展需求|

Part 3　LESSON 2 WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.(2023浙江1月)He gathered handfuls of damp tree leaves, 　　　　(包) them with string, and lit the bunch to create a torch(火把).  2.Many foreigners are used to using　　　　(筷子) when they are in China.   3.Beijing has had the city 　　　　(委员会) to pass a law forbidding smoking in public places.   4.(2022新高考Ⅱ)　　　　(交通工具) invoices(发票) must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.   Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) set out, do away with, contribute to, end up, focus on, in action 1.　　　　　　 the bad habits that might damage your health.   2.It is reported that a local naval(海军的)flier missed　　　　　　.   3.If you don't know what you want, you might　　　　　　 getting something you don't want.   4.After spending a long time in hospital, Wheatley 　　　　　　 to find comfort and healing in nature.　  5.(2024北京改编)Companies with the “hedgehog concept(刺猬理念)” 　　　　　　one thing and do it really well.  Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1.It is a shame to be so　　　　　(waste).   2.The injured athlete watched 　　　　　 from the sidelines, his 　　　　　 growing as the match progressed. (anxious)  3.Cloth bags are　　　　　(reuse), so they are environmentally friendly.   4.The price increases were passed on by the firm to　　　　　(consume).   5.(2023新课标Ⅱ)The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental 　　　　　(aware) and healthy lifestyles.  6.(2026四川省射洪中学校月考)The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s and in the same decade plastic 　　　　　(package) began gaining popularity in the United States.   7. (2025北京)Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years, 　　　　　 we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes.  8.Compared with abstract art, I have a preference for 　　　　　(reality) art.   9.During his time in Baoding, he discovered the 　　　　　(innovate) progress of China's textile industry(纺织工业).  10.Mr Smith owns a larger　　　　　(collect) of coins than anyone else I have ever met.  Ⅳ.完成句子 1.拥有均衡的饮食有助于保持我们的身体正常运行。 Having a balanced diet helps 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.  2.It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while you are travelling in the area.(句型转换) →It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.   3.简不知道怎样才能提高她的汉语水平。(一句多译) ①Jane doesn't know　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her Chinese.  ②Jane doesn't know　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her Chinese.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024山东联考) I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast to buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn't sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic in the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told. The experience during that trip made me more conscious of my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live a sustainable lifestyle. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping. My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to almost entirely avoid the use of plastic during my trip. However, I was seriously struck by my stay on Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking. Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A.By reflecting on the present life.　　　B.By looking into the future environment. C.By introducing the previous achievements.　　　D.By recalling the past shopping experience. 2.What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago? A.Cut back on travel.　　　B.Shop less frequently. C.Lead a green life.　　　D.Purify drinking water. 3.What do we know about the project in Paragraph 4? A.It had no clear goal.　　　B.It didn't work out very well. C.It met the islanders' needs.　　　D.It was aimed at preventing turtle attacks. 4.What does the author think of the plastic problem? A.It is permanent.　　　B.It is manageable. C.It is easy to solve.　　　D.It is lacking in attention. Ⅱ.七选五 (2025河南南阳期中) How to Reduce Food Waste in Your Kitchen Wilted lettuce, spoiled meats, uneaten leftovers and parts of vegetables that are tossed out during preparation are all examples of wasted food. When food gets wasted, so do all of the resources that went into producing it, such as water, land and energy. 　1　 Now, use the following strategies to prevent food waste at home.  •Make a plan. The first step in reducing food waste in your household is to assess what you have in your refrigerator, freezer and pantry to avoid buying food you already have. 　2　  •Know how to store food. Properly storing food will help it last longer and taste better. The most important thing to think about when storing food is to prevent oxidation(氧化). For instance, cooked leftovers and fresh meats should be carefully wrapped and sealed. Most vegetables, especially those that can easily wilt(枯萎), should go in the high humidity drawer in your refrigerator. 　3　 This can make other produce ripen more quickly and potentially spoil faster. So store these fruits away from other produce.  •　4　 Another big reason is that we throw out edible parts of produce—skins, seeds, leafy tops and stems—that can be incorporated into meals. Chefs are increasingly adopting this root-to-stem style of cooking and it's something you can do in your own kitchen.  •Learn the labels. Date labels are typically a guide to quality and freshness, not food safety. Even so, many people toss out food that has passed its date label. Instead of routinely throwing out food past the date on the label, people should evaluate the products before eating. 　5　 If a product looks good, smells good, tastes good and has a “best by” or “best if used by” label, it's probably OK to consume it.  A.Know about the reason. B.Use all parts of the plant. C.So use your best judgment. D.After that, it's about having a plan for every food item. E.Some fruits release ethylene(乙烯) gas as they ripen. F.The high humidity drawer is not suitable for the fruits that are soft and easily go bad. G.It's also food that could have gone to the households who lack access to affordable food. 1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 (2026山西大学附属中学校月考) 　　Growing up on a farm, Fritz enjoyed watching cows and horses. It was what he 　1　 in his boyhood that took root in his pursuit of becoming a(n) 　2　. After completing his university, Fritz landed work at a famous research center, raising ravens and teaching graylag geese how to open boxes. Working 　3　 with free-living animals was exactly what he'd dreamed of as a boy.  In 1997, the center was given its first hermit ibis(隐鹮) chicks. Nowhere near as 　4　 as geese—and not even close to super intelligent ravens—the ibises frustrated many scientists. But Fritz was fascinated. He devoted himself to looking after them. After the ibises were first 　5　 back into the wild 20 years ago, Fritz learned that 　6　 a long time in the zoo hadn't reduced their 　7　 to migrate. In search for “south”, some 　8　 in Russia. What the ibises needed, Fritz thought, was a 　9　.  Fritz decided to teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft. And he was 　10　 he could succeed in this daring plan. When he announced that he'd guide the ibises, he was laughed at. But Fritz didn't 　11　. He modified a tiny aircraft so it would travel at the speed 　12　 enough for his winged students to catch.  In 2004, after some rough 　13　 for about three years, Fritz successfully 　14　 the first birds from Austria to Italy, and has led 15 such migrations since then. Over that time, he has 　15　 277 young ibises, many of which then started to pass the route on to their own young.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1.A.observed　　　B.heard C.believed　　　D.played 2.A.farmer　　　B.operator C.biologist　　　D.zookeeper 3.A.quietly　　　B.bitterly C.toughly　　　D.closely 4.A.teachable　　　B.readable C.negotiable　　　D.lovable 5.A.turned　　　B.thrown C.regained　　　D.released 6.A.adopting　　　B.feeding C.spending　　　D.shaping 7.A.trouble　　　B.challenge C.drive　　　D.interest 8.A.took up　　　B.ended up C.brought up　　　D.cheered up 9.A.partner　　　B.tutor C.captain　　　D.guide 10.A.confident　　　B.pleased C.doubtful　　　D.frightened 11.A.leave　　　B.wander C.quit　　　D.defend 12.A.fast　　　B.slow C.safe　　　D.skillful 13.A.experiments　　　B.adventures C.sufferings　　　D.situations 14.A.joined　　　B.led C.followed　　　D.controlled 15.A.returned　　　B.rewilded C.recovered　　　D.recalled 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 3　LESSON 2 WAR ON PLASTIC PACKETS 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.wrapped　2.chopsticks　3.council　4.Transportation Ⅱ.1.Do away with　2.in action　3.end up　4.set out　5.focus on Ⅲ.1.wasteful　考查形容词。根据空前的be so可知设空处应用形容词作表语。故填wasteful。 2. anxiously;anxiety　考查副词和名词。第一空修饰动词watched,应用副词形式,故填anxiously;根据第二空前形容词性物主代词his可知,本空应用名词形式,故填anxiety。句意: 受伤的运动员在场外焦急地观看,随着比赛进行,他的焦虑不断增加。 3.reusable　考查形容词。根据语境及空前的are可知,此处表达“布包是可以重复使用的”,应用形容词作表语。故填reusable。 4.consumers　考查名词复数。设空处作介词to的宾语,应用名词;根据语境可知,此处指消费者,应用名词consumer;consumer是可数名词,空前没有限定词修饰,所以应用复数。故填consumers。 5.awareness　考查名词。设空处前有形容词,and连接并列成分,skills和lifestyles都是名词,所以设空处用名词,awareness为不可数名词。故填awareness。句意:该计划旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。 6.packaging　考查名词。设空处前有形容词plastic,设空处后为第二个分句的谓语动词began,所以此处用名词作第二个分句的主语。故填packaging。 7.when　句意:我们的人生故事在青少年时期开始逐渐清晰,这时我们开始围绕重要事件或人生变故,将生活梳理成一个个篇章。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词our teenage years(指时间),本空在从句中作时间状语,故应用关系副词when引导非限制性定语从句。 8.realistic　考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词,故填realistic。句意:与抽象艺术相比,我更喜欢现实主义艺术。 9.innovative　考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰名词progress,故填innovative。 10.collection　考查名词。句意:史密斯先生拥有的硬币收藏品比我曾经见过的其他任何人都要多。a collection of...表示“……的收藏品”。 Ⅳ.1.keep our body working well　2.travelling in the area 3.①how she can improve　②how to improve 能力提升练 Ⅰ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在旅行中意识到塑料问题,并且决心采取可持续的生活方式来减少塑料使用。 【高频词汇】　1.preserve v.保护,维护　2.reaction n.反应,回应　3.purchase n.购买的东西,购买 v.购买 4.reflect on认真思考,沉思　5.conscious adj.意识到;有意识的;关注的　6.sustainable adj.可持续的;合理利用的 7.strengthen v.加强,增强,巩固　8.issue n.问题 【熟词生义】　1.carpet熟义:n.地毯　生义:n.覆盖地面的一层厚东西　2.face熟义:n.脸　生义:v.面对,面临,必须对付(某情况)　3.green熟义:adj.绿色的　生义:adj.环保的 【差距词汇】　launch v.发动;发起 长难句 原句　Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step. 分析　本句为并列复合句。but连接两个并列的分句,that引导宾语从句,作be aware的宾语。 译文　有时在大问题面前我们可能会感到无助,但我们应该意识到,小的改变实际上可以逐步有影响。 1.D　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知,文章一开始作者回忆起十二年前在西澳大利亚州的旅行中的一次购物经历,这次经历让作者第一次意识到塑料对地球的影响。由此推知,作者通过回忆过去的购物经历引入了文章的主题。故选D。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知,那次旅行经历促使作者形成了各种零浪费的旅行习惯和可持续的生活方式,即作者决定过一种环保的生活。故选C。 3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides.”可知,尽管项目的工作人员和社区在努力清理海滩,有创造性地重复使用塑料,可是每天潮水还是会带来大量塑料。由此推知,该项目收效甚微,即作用不大。故选B。 4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,面临塑料污染这个全球性问题,作者感到悲伤和愤怒,但是作者相信小的改变实际上可以逐步有影响。由此推知,作者认为塑料问题是可以解决的。故选B。 Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了减少厨房垃圾的方法,包括合理规划、正确储存、充分利用食材以及了解食品标签。 【高频词汇】　1.preparation n.准备　2.resource n.资源 3.assess v.评估　4.evaluate v.评估,评价 【熟词生义】　seal熟义:n.海豹　生义:v.密封 【差距词汇】　1.pantry n.食品贮藏室　2.humidity n.湿度 3.edible adj.可食用的 长难句 原句　When food gets wasted, so do all of the resources that went into producing it, such as water, land and energy. 分析　本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句,主句用了倒装结构,that引导定语从句,修饰先行词resources。 译文　当食物被浪费时,所有用于生产食物的资源,如水、土地和能源,也会被浪费。 1.G　细节句。上文“When food gets wasted, so do all of the resources that went into producing it, such as water, land and energy.”说明食物浪费不仅仅是浪费了食物本身,还浪费了生产这些食物所投入的所有资源。G项“这也是本可以供给那些无法获得负担得起的食物的家庭的食物。”承接上文,符合语境。故选G。 2.D　细节句。上文“Make a plan. The first step...you already have.”说明减少家庭食物浪费的第一步是评估现有的食物库存,以避免购买已经拥有的食物。D项中的“having a plan”和上文中的“Make a plan.”相呼应,说明评估完现有的食物库存后,接下来就要制订计划,所以D项“在那之后,就是为每一种食物制订一个计划。”符合语境。故选D。 3.E　细节句。 下文“This can make other produce ripen more quickly and potentially spoil faster. So store these fruits away from other produce.”说明有些水果不适合与其他农产品放在一起,应该与其他农产品分开存放。设空处引出下文中关于水果存放的问题。E项中的“Some fruits”与下文中的“these fruits”相呼应,E项“一些水果在成熟时会释放乙烯气体。”符合语境。故选E。 4.B　主旨句。下文“Another big reason is that we throw out edible parts of produce—skins, seeds, leafy tops and stems—that can be incorporated into meals.”说明人们丢弃农产品可食用的部分——皮、籽、叶状顶部和茎,而这些部分可以被加入到餐食中,所以B项“使用植物的所有部分。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选B。 5.C　过渡句。上文“Date labels are typically a guide to quality and freshness, not food safety.”说明日期标签通常是质量和新鲜度指南,而不是食品安全性的标志;下文“If a product looks good, smells good, tastes good and has a ‘best by’ or ‘best if used by’ label, it's probably OK to consume it.”说明如果食品看上去、闻起来和尝起来都很好,并且标签上写着最好在过期之前食用,那么食物可能就可以食用。设空处承接上文,与其为因果关系,并引出下文。C项“所以用你最好的判断力。”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Fritz从小喜欢观察动物,长大后致力于研究生物学,成功引导隐鹮迁徙,帮助它们重新适应野外生活的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.take root in扎根于　2.pursuit n.追求　3.fascinated adj.入迷的,极感兴趣的　4.devote oneself to致力于　5.migrate v.迁徙→migration n.迁移;迁徙　6.pass sth. on to sb.将某物递给/传给某人 【熟词生义】　1.land熟义:n.陆地　生义:v.成功得到,赢得　2.drive熟义:v.驾驶　生义:n.本能的需求;有组织的努力 【差距词汇】　1.frustrate v.使沮丧　2.daring adj.勇敢的;敢于冒险的　3.modify vt.调整;稍作修改 1.A　根据上文“Growing up on a farm, Fritz enjoyed watching cows and horses.”可知,Fritz在农场长大,喜欢观察牛和马,正是对这些动物的观察(observed)为他日后的研究工作奠定了基础。 2.C　根据下文“Fritz landed work at a famous research center, raising ravens and teaching graylag geese how to open boxes”可知,Fritz在研究中心饲养渡鸦并教灰雁怎么打开盒子,这和生物学家的工作相关,所以他长大后成了一名生物学家(biologist)。 3.D　上文提到Fritz大学毕业后,在研究中心饲养渡鸦并教灰雁怎么打开盒子,这符合他儿时的梦想,也就是与野生动物密切(closely)接触。bitterly伤心地;toughly艰难地。 4.A　根据下文的“not even close to super intelligent ravens...scientists”并结合前文提到的他的工作(饲养渡鸭和教灰雁怎么打开盒子)可知,此处表示隐鹮远不如渡鸦聪明,也不像灰雁那样容易教。teachable意为“可教的”,符合语境。readable可读的;negotiable可协商的;lovable可爱的。 5.D　句意:20年前,这些隐鹮首次被放回野外后,Fritz了解到,在动物园里度过很长时间并没有减少它们迁徙的本能需求。根据空后的“back into the wild 20 years ago”可知,这些隐鹮被放回野外。release意为“释放,放出”,符合语境。 6.C　根据空后的“a long time in the zoo”可知,这些隐鹮在动物园度过(spending)了很长时间。 7.C　根据下文的“In search for ‘south’, some...in Russia.”可知,虽然隐鹮在动物园度过了很长的时间,但是它们依然没有减少对迁徙的本能需求(drive),也就是说它们依然试图迁徙。 8.B　根据最后一段中的“In 2004, after some rough...Fritz successfully...the first birds from Austria to Italy”可知,一些隐鹮想要迁徙去南方,最终却到达了(ended up)俄罗斯。take up拿起,开始从事;bring up提出,养育;cheer up使高兴。 9.D　根据下文的“Fritz decided to teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft.”和“When he announced that he'd guide the ibises”可知,Fritz决定亲自驾驶一架小型飞机引导鸟儿们迁徙,因此他认为隐鹮需要的是一位向导(guide)。 10.A　根据下文可知,尽管有人嘲笑Fritz的计划,但是他还是坚持亲自驾驶一架小型飞机引导这些鸟儿迁徙。由此可知,他对自己的计划非常自信(confident)。pleased高兴的;doubtful怀疑的;frightened害怕的。 11.C　根据上下文可知,尽管有人嘲笑Fritz,但是他还是坚持亲自驾驶一架小型飞机引导这些鸟儿迁徙,所以他并没有放弃(quit)自己的计划。 12.B　根据下文的“for his winged students to catch”可知,飞机需要飞得足够慢(slow),以便让这些鸟儿跟上。“catch(跟上)”意味着飞机速度不能太快。 13.A　上文提及Fritz决定亲自驾驶一架小型飞机引导这些鸟儿迁徙,以前并没有人这样做过,所以他需要进行多次的实验(experiments)。 14.B　根据上文“When he announced that he'd guide the ibises”可知,Fritz成功地将第一批隐鹮从奥地利带到了(led)意大利。下文“has led 15 such migrations since then”中的led也可作为提示词。 15.B　根据第二段中的“After the ibises were first...back into the wild 20 years ago”以及全文语境可知,Fritz决定亲自驾驶一架小型飞机引导隐鹮迁徙,让它们适应迁徙的路线,所以说他帮助277只幼鹮重新适应了野外生活。rewild意为“使重新适应野外生活”,符合语境。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $