Unit 1 五年高考真题练（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

**基本信息** 以高考真题为载体，构建“词汇积累-技能应用-语篇理解”三层递进体系，通过真题情境与分层解析提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（派生/合成词、熟词生义）|高考词汇站聚焦高频词转化，如“technology→technological”强化语言能力| |进阶层|语篇衔接与逻辑推理|七选五题型训练上下文关联，如通过“Take your time”主旨句提升思维品质| |综合层|主题语篇深度理解|阅读理解（食物浪费、饮食文化）结合细节/推理题，渗透文化意识与跨文化理解|

五年高考真题练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025全国二,D) 　　Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food? Mine does. Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time. Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we􀆳re already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way:It changed its menu to exclusively(专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away. For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village􀆳s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver􀆳s vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste. A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue(收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion. It should be noted that none of the items on wastED􀆳s menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients(配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine. Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 1.What can be inferred about the author􀆳s early life? A.He witnessed food shortage.　　　　 B.He enjoyed the local cuisine. C.He donated food to Africans.　　　　 D.He helped to cook at home. 2.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment? A.To customize dishes for guests.　　　　 B.To make the public aware of food waste. C.To test a food processing method.　　　　 D.To improve the UK􀆳s zero-waste systems. 3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A.Why the ingredients were used.　　　　 B.Which dishes were best liked. C.What the dishes were made of.　　　　 D.Where the ingredients were bought. 4.What can we learn about wastED? A.It has ended as planned.　　　　 B.It is creating new jobs. C.It has regained popularity.　　　　 D.It is criticized by top chefs. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.remind v.提醒,使想起→　　　　 n.提醒人的事物  2.technology n.技术→　　　　 adj.技术的,工艺的  3.aware adj.明白的;意识到的→　　　　 n.知道,认识;意识  4.regard v.把……视为→　　　　 prep.关于,至于  5.logic n.思维方式;逻辑→　　　　 adj.合乎情理的;符合逻辑的  6.sustainable adj.可持续的→　　　　 n.可持续性  7.tailor-made adj. 　　　  8.short-lived adj. 　　　  熟词生义 9.produce n.　　　　　　　　　  10.address v.　　　  B (2023全国乙,C) 　　What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 　　It􀆳s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain􀆳s consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking. 　　According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients(配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK􀆳s obsession(痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it􀆳s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. 篇章结构图 5.What do people usually think of British food? A.It is simple and plain.　　　　 B.It is rich in nutrition. C.It lacks authentic tastes.　　　　 D.It deserves a high reputation. 6.Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV? A.Authoritative.　　　　B.Creative.　　　　 C.Profitable.　　　　D.Influential. 7.Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now? A.20%.　　　　B.24%.　　　　 C.25%.　　　　D.33%. 8.What might the author continue talking about? A.The art of cooking in other countries.　　　　 B.Male chefs on TV programmes. C.Table manners in the UK.　　　　 D.Studies of big eaters. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.interesting adj.有趣的→　　　　 adj.无趣的   2.frequent adj.频繁的;经常发生的→　　　　adv.频繁地;经常   3.adventure n.冒险(经历),奇遇→　　　　 adj.勇于冒险的;爱冒险的   4.tradition n.传统→　　　　 adj.传统的   5.analyze(=analyse) v.分析→　　　　n.分析者;化验员   6.cook v.烹饪 n.厨师→　　　　n.烹饪术;烹饪   7.create v.创造;创作→　　　　 adj.创造(性)的;创作的   8.profit n.利润;收益→　　　　 adj.有利润的;赢利的;有好处的   9.influence n.影响;作用→　　　　 adj.有很大影响的   10.ready-made adj.　　　  11.broadcast v.　　　  熟词生义 12.class n.　　　  Ⅱ.七选五 (2024全国甲) 　　What is moderation(适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 　1　 But it doesn􀆳t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.  Take your time. It􀆳s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 　2　 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.  Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It􀆳s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 　3　  Control emotional(情绪的) eating. 　4　 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant   emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 　5　 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism(新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you􀆳re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.  A.Eat properly throughout the day. B.We don􀆳t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C.Don􀆳t swallow a meal on the way to work. D.Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E.Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F.For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G.That won􀆳t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.basic adj.基本的;初级的→　　　　 adv.基本上;从根本上说  2.nutrition n.营养→　　　　 adj.有营养的  3.mind n.思考能力;头脑→　　　　 adj.机械的,盲目的  4.challenge n.& v.挑战→　　　　 adj.有挑战性的   5.health n.健康;医疗→　　　　 adj.健康的→　　　　 adj.不健康的  6.lonely adj.孤单的,寂寞的→　　　　n.孤独,寂寞   7.overeat v.　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025浙江1月) 　　Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It􀆳s 　1　. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her 　2　 to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes 　3　 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.  Ribeiro 　4　 35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro, it has become a perfect platform for 　5　 her hobby of buying food, 　6　 new recipes and holding dinner parties.  “It􀆳s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　7　 new people,” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 　8　 her native home; other times she 　9　 dinner courses with her favorite beers.  The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as 　10　 to a restaurant where the service is 　11　, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 　12　.  “But it􀆳s also a great 　13　, for it can sometimes take days to 　14　 a single event,” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only 　15　 for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”  1.A.reading　　　　B.traveling C.cooking　　　　D.teaching 2.A.hobby　　　　B.energy C.education　　　　D.money 3.A.coworkers　　　　B.students C.relatives　　　　D.strangers 4.A.pays　　　　B.charges C.owes　　　　D.raises 5.A.pursuing　　　　B.choosing C.discussing　　　　D.changing 6.A.passing on　　　　B.trying out C.going over　　　　D.taking down 7.A.hire　　　　B.help C.meet　　　　D.train 8.A.in addition to　　　　B.in return for C.in honor of　　　　D.in line with 9.A.replaces　　　　B.tastes C.orders　　　　D.pairs 10.A.opposed　　　　B.related C.subject　　　　D.vital 11.A.invaluable　　　　B.impersonal C.unsuitable　　　　D.unprofessional 12.A.surprise　　　　B.end C.need　　　　D.problem 13.A.lesson　　　　B.pleasure C.success　　　　D.challenge 14.A.celebrate　　　　B.record C.attend　　　　D.organise 15.A.selected　　　　B.reserved C.evaluated　　　　D.requested 高考词汇站 派生词汇 1.addict n.对……入迷的人→　　　　 n.入迷;嗜好  2.tradition n.传统→　　　　 adj.传统的  3.free adj.自由的→　　　　 n.自由  4.profession n.行业,职业→　　　　 adj.职业的,专业的  5.personal adj.个人的,私人的;人际的→　　　　 adj.缺乏人情味的,冷淡的  熟词生义 6.course n.　　　　   答案与分层梯度式解析 五年高考真题练 Ⅰ.A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍纽约市的一家餐厅wastED的短期实验,引发对食物浪费的关注。文章借助菜单内容、行业数据和公众反响,向读者展示了餐饮业减少浪费的新尝试,传达了可持续发展的理念。 1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase ‘there are children starving in Africa’ was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact...”可知,“非洲有孩子在挨饿”是对现实的提醒而非抽象表达,说明作者确实是在食物紧张的环境中长大的,由此可推断出A项(他见证过食物短缺的情况)正确。 2.B　细节理解题。第三段最后一句“Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.”说明餐厅更改菜单的目的就是引起人们对食物浪费的关注。故选B。 易错归因 “tailor-made”一词可能误导学生选A。解答本题需结合句末的 to raise awareness明确实验的真正目的。 方法归纳 目的题常见定位标志是:to do sth./in order to/for the purpose of...,出现动词不定式即线索。特别注意不要混淆“目的与手段”,如本题中的“定制”是手段,“宣传”是目的。 3.C　主旨大意题。第五段主要围绕这些菜品使用了什么原料展开,并列举了大多数餐厅不会考虑使用的食材,如kale ribs、cucumber butts等,因此第五段主要讲了“这些菜品由什么制成”。故选C。 4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu.”可知,该项目原本就是短期设计,目前已经结束,餐厅恢复了正常菜单。由此可知,wastED餐厅的这次尝试是按计划结束的。故选A。 易错归因 部分学生看到enthusiastic reviews会误以为项目继续进行或走红,忽视了has since returned是其已结束的关键信号。 【高考词汇站】　1.reminder　2.technological　 3.awareness　4.regarding　5.logical　6.sustainability　 7.特制的　8.短暂的　9.农产品　10.处理,设法解决 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的电视烹饪节目对英国人的饮食习惯产生了巨大的影响,激发了人们对烹饪的兴趣。 【篇章结构图】　1.TV chefs　2.cooking　3.Britons 5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine”可知,人们通常认为英国食物不太让人感兴趣,给人的印象不那么深刻,即简单和普通。故选A项。 6.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“It􀆳s thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.”及“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可知,电视烹饪节目上的厨师们让英国人对传统的一荤两素和现成的餐食失去兴趣,并开始在烹饪习惯上变得更加敢于大胆创新,电视节目似乎有助于改变了人们对烹饪的看法。由此可推知,英国电视上的烹饪节目很有影响力。故选D项。 7.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients than they used to”可知,近三分之一的人表示,他们现在使用的配料比过去种类更多。故选D项。 8.B　推理判断题。根据文章尾句“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it􀆳s no longer ‘uncool’ for boys to like cooking.”可知,随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上,男孩喜欢烹饪已经不再是“不酷”的事了。由此推知,接下来作者可能会接着讨论电视节目上的男厨师们。故选B项。 【高考词汇站】　1.uninteresting　2.frequently　 3.adventurous　4.traditional　5.analyst　6.cookery　 7.creative　8.profitable　9.influential　10.现成的　 11.播送(电视或无线电节目)　12.等级,类别 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了在饮食上人们要注意节制以及节制的方法。 1.F　上文提出进餐时不要吃太饱,吃东西要适量。下文指出,适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说,适量意味着比现在吃得少。”承上启下,解释了何为适量进食。故选F。 2.C　根据本段主旨句“Take your time.”可推知,C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吞下一顿饭。”承接上文,与本段主旨相符,建议吃东西要细嚼慢咽,不要过于急躁。故选C。 3.E　上一句提出,吃不健康的零食不利于适度饮食,E项“相反,让自己周围充满健康的选择。”承接上文,符合语境,建议选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E。 4.B　根据本段首句“控制情绪化进食”可知,本段主要建议读者不要情绪化地暴饮暴食,要进行健康饮食;结合设空处下一句“我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪,如悲伤、孤独或无聊”可推知,B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪,符合语境。故选B。 5.A　设空处位于段首,为本段主旨句。根据下文的建议“吃健康的早餐和早点吃晚饭”可知,本段建议我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”与本段主旨一致,符合语境。故选A。 【高考词汇站】　1.basically　 2.nutritious　3.mindless 4.challenging　5.healthy;unhealthy　6.loneliness 7.吃得过多 Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女教师Manuela Ribeiro通过Bookalokal网站将烹饪爱好转化为一种新型的社交方式。 1.C　空前的It指代首句中的a healthy addiction(一种健康的嗜好)。再结合后面的“dinner parties、a three-course meal、her hobby of buying food, 　6　 new recipes and holding dinner parties和share my passion for food”等信息可推知,Ribeiro这种健康的嗜好是烹饪(cooking)。  2.A　根据第二段中的“her hobby of buying food, 　6　 new recipes and holding dinner parties”可知,此处表示Ribeiro决定好好利用她的业余爱好(hobby)。  3.D　根据第三段中的“It􀆳s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　7　 new people”可知,到Ribeiro的公寓参加宴会的人都是她以前不认识的人,故strangers(陌生人)符合语境。coworker同事;student学生;relative亲戚。  4.B　此处表示这顿最多达三个小时,有三道菜的饭,Ribeiro向每个人收费(charges)35欧元。charge+金额+for...是固定搭配,意为“为……收费……”。 5.A　根据第四段中的“The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with...”可知,此处表示Ribeiro从事(pursuing)自己的烹饪爱好的极好的平台。 6.B　根据第三段中的“Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 　8　 her native home; other times she 　9　 dinner courses with her favorite beers.”可知,此处表示试做(trying out)新的食谱。pass on传递;go over复习;take down拆除;写下。  7.C　根据第一段中的“welcomes 　3　 into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties”可知,Ribeiro欢迎陌生人到她的公寓参加宴会,所以此处表示结识(meet)新人。  8.C　Ribeiro做传统巴西菜肴是为了纪念(in honor of)自己的家乡。in addition to除……以外;in return for作为……的回报;in line with与……一致。 9.D　此处表示Ribeiro给菜肴搭配(pairs)她最喜欢的啤酒。pair...with...是固定搭配,意为“给……搭配……”。replace代替;taste品尝;order点菜。 10.A　根据“The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom”可知,这个平台使Ribeiro在烹饪时有很大的自由发挥空间。再结合空后关于餐馆的描述“where the service is 　11　, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no 　12　”可推知,Ribeiro在家准备的宴会与餐馆不同。as opposed to意为“与……相反,而非……”,用于指与前文所提不同的事物。  11.B　根据第三段中的“It􀆳s a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 　7　 new people”以及空前的“realise her dream with a great deal of freedom”可知,Ribeiro在家准备的宴会有很大的自由发挥空间,能够展示她对食物的热爱并结识新朋友。结合常识可知,相比之下,餐馆的服务就显得缺乏人情味(impersonal)了。invaluable极宝贵的;unsuitable不合适的;unprofessional未达专业水准的,有违职业道德的。  12.A　根据“the menu is known in advance”可知,菜单都是提前知道的,所以此处表示餐馆的菜肴没有新意(surprise)。 13.D　空后的连词for提示前后构成因果关系。空后说有时筹备一次活动可能就要花费几天的时间。由此可推知,此处表示这也是一项巨大的挑战(challenge)。 14.D　根据第三段中的“Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 　8　 her native home; other times she 　9　 dinner courses with her favorite beers.”可知,此处表示筹备(organise)一次活动。  15.B　根据“for professional cooks”和“for those willing to discover new experiences”可知,此处表示这个平台不仅适用于专业厨师,也适用于乐意发现新体验的人。reserve...for...是固定搭配,意为“为……保留……”。select选择;evaluate评估,评价;request要求,请求。 【高考词汇站】　1.addiction　2.traditional　3.freedom 4.professional　5.impersonal　6.一道菜 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $