内容正文:
Unit 1 Let’s Celebrate
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
一、节日庆典:
1._______________ (清明节) __________________________________________________ (我们在清明节缅怀祖先。)
2._______________ (中秋节) __________________________________________________ (家人们通常在中秋节团聚、吃月饼。)
3._______________ (闻风节 - 埃及传统节日) _________________________________
_______________________________________________(人们在闻风节享受柔和的微风。)
4._______________ (愚人节) _______________________________________________(有些人喜欢在愚人节捉弄他们的朋友。)
5._______________ (洒红节 - 印度传统节日)_____________________________________
______________________________________(胡里节期间人们互相抛洒彩色粉末。)
6._______________ (狂欢节) ___________________________________________
______________________(狂欢节上有盛大游行和精彩的桑巴舞。)
二、节日活动:
1._______________ (游行;阅兵) ___________________________________________
_____________________________ (成千上万的人参加了这场节日色彩缤纷的游行。)
2._______________ (划船) ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________(他们在这个传统节日里在湖上划小船。)
3._______________(洗掉;冲走) _________________________________________
________________________(人们在这个特别的节日泼水来冲走厄运。)
4._______________ (竭尽全力) __________________________________________
_______________________________ (村民们竭尽全力为即将到来的盛大庆典做准备。)
5._______________ (再次相聚;团圆) _____________________________________
____________________________________(所有家庭成员将会为中秋节再次相聚。)
6._______________ (倒计时) _____________________________________________
_______________________(我们一起倒计时迎接新年的到来。)
7._______________(燃放;引起) __________________________________________
_______________________(人们燃放烟花来庆祝这个重要的节日。)
8._______________(清扫出去) _________________________________________
_________________________________(在盛大节日来临前我们清扫出去旧的尘土。)
9._______________ (聚集;集合) _______________________________________
_____________________________________________(亲朋好友聚集在院子里赏月。)
10._______________ (把……召集起来) ______________________________________
__________________________(这个节日把来自不同城市的家庭成员召集起来。)
11._______________ (偷) ________________________________________________
_________________ (在这个古老民间故事里,一名男子试图偷这块神奇的月饼。)
三、节日事物:
1._______________(灯笼) ______________________________________________
_______________________________(孩子们在庆典期间提着漂亮的红灯笼。)
2._______________ (坟墓) __________________________________________________
_________________________________________(人们在清明节祭拜祖先的坟墓。)
3._______________ (戏服;服装) ________________________________________________
_______________________________________ (她穿上鲜艳华丽的服装参加狂欢节。)
4._______________ (月饼) _______________________________________________
__________________________________ (中秋节我们和家人一起品尝香甜的月饼。)
5._______________ (对联) ______________________________________________
________________________________________(许多家庭在春节前贴上红色对联。)
6._______________(烟花) _____________________________________________
______________________________________(绚丽的烟花在节日夜晚点亮夜空。)
7._______________ (粉末) ______________________________________________
____________________________________(胡里节上人们互相抛洒色彩鲜艳的粉末。)
8._______________ (桑巴舞) _____________________________________________
_____________________________ (许多舞者在盛大的狂欢节跳起热烈的桑巴舞。)
四、时间日期
1._______________ (前夜;前夕) ____________________________________________
_____________________ (我们在新年前夜吃一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。)
2._______________(午夜;子夜) ______________________________________________
___________________(很多人守到午夜来迎接新年。)
3._______________(月亮的;阴历的) _____________________________________________
____________________.(中秋节在阴历八月十五。)
4._______________ (中国农历) _______________________________________________
__________________(我们大部分传统节日都是按照中国农历来的。)
五、人物身份
1._______________(祖宗;祖先) ______________________________________________
_______________________________(我们在清明节向我们的祖先表达敬意。)
2._______________(公主) ________________________________________________
_________________________________(这个小女孩在节日派对上装扮成一位公主。)
3._______________ (警察) ______________________________________________
______________________________________(警察在盛大的节日游行期间维持秩序。)
4._______________ (总统;主席) _______________________________________________
_____________________________________(总统参加了这场重要的全国庆典。)
5._______________ (傻瓜;愚人) ______________________________________________
_________________________________. (别当傻瓜,不要相信愚人节的所有玩笑。)
六、环境景物情感
1._______________ (苍白的;浅色的) _____________________________________
_______________(当她观看喧闹的烟花表演时,她的脸色变得苍白。)
2._______________ (羞耻;遗憾) ______________________________________________
_________________________________.(很遗憾你错过了那场精彩的节日游行。)
3._______________ (后悔;遗憾) ______________________________________________
_________________________________. (他开始后悔没有和家人团聚过节。)
4._______________ (复合物;大院/院子) _______________________________________
____________________________________.(所有家庭成员一同居住在这座古老的大院里。)
5._______________ (复杂的;综合体) __________________________________________
_______________________(这场庆典包含许多复杂的传统习俗。)
6._______________t (尘土;灰尘) __________________________________________
__________________________________ (我们在盛大节日来临之前扫去尘土。)
7._______________ (微风) _____________________________________________
__________________________(中秋夜晚,一阵凉爽柔和的微风拂过庭院。)
8._______________ (自始至终;在整个……期间) _________________________________
__________________________________ (人们在整个庆典期间享用美味的食物。)
9._______________ (背景) ____________________________________________
________________________________(这座古老寺庙为灯笼秀营造了绝佳的背景。)
10._______________ (苏格兰的) _________________________________________________ (这些苏格兰人有着他们自己独特的节日传统。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1._______________(表达对……的期盼) _______________________________
_______________________________(人们吃元宵来表达对家庭幸福的期盼。)
2._______________(休假/放假一天) _______________________________________
__________________________________________(我们每年清明节放假一天。)
3._______________(对……表示尊敬/敬意)_______________________________
____________________________________________(我们扫墓以示对祖先的敬意。)
4._______________(去春游/踏青) ____________________________________________
__________________________________________(四月我和同学们将要去踏青。)
5._______________(使某人想起某事) _______________________________________
_____________________________________(这场龙舟赛让我想起了端午节。)
6._______________(使……远离……) ________________________________________
_______________________________(人们往河里投米,让鱼虾远离屈原的身体。)
7._______________(使……凉快下来;降温) _______________________________
_______________________________(泼水节能让人们在炎热的夏天凉快下来。)
8._______________(做同样的事) ________________________________________
_______________________________(云南人有泼水节,泰国人也做同样的事。)
9._______________(走上街头)_________________________________
_____________________________(当地人走上街头庆祝泼水节。)
10._______________(互相泼水) _______________________________________________(节日期间,人们互相泼水以求好运。)
11._______________(洗掉;冲走) _____________________________________________(人们相信水能洗去不好的事物。)
12._______________(脸色变白)_____________________________________________(公主看到士兵时脸色变得苍白。)
13._______________(迷路)_________________________________________________
_____________________________________________(我游览这座新城市时差点迷路。)
14._______________(与……团聚) ____________________________________________
______________________________________________(大多数人春节回家与家人团聚。)
15._______________(和某人分享某物) _____________________________________
___________________________________________(我喜欢和朋友们分享我的节日故事。)
16._______________(全力以赴;竭尽全力)___________________________________
___________________________________(如果你为梦想全力以赴,就不会留有遗憾。)
17._______________(长生不老) _____________________________________________
___________________________________________(故事里的仙药可以让人长生不老。)
18._______________(把……召集起来) ____________________________________________(节日把人们凝聚在一起,温暖人心。)
19._______________(倒计时)_____________________________________________
___________________________________________(人们在除夕夜倒计时迎接午夜。)
20._______________(点燃;动身) ________________________________________________
_____________________________________________(我们燃放烟花庆祝春节。)
21._______________(清扫干净) _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(家家户户春节前除尘扫灰。)
22._______________(相聚;聚集) ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________(亲友们相聚一堂,享用团圆饭。)
23._______________(辞旧迎新)_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(人们庆祝新年,以此辞旧迎新。)
24._______________(辞旧岁) _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(我们辞别旧岁,期盼更好的新年。)
25._______________(喜迎新年)_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(所有人都满怀热忱喜迎新年。)
26._______________(贴对联) _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(中国人在春节贴对联。)
27._______________(标志着春天的开始) ___________________________________
__________________________________(这个特别的节日标志着埃及春天的到来。)
28._______________(保持不变) _____________________________________________
___________________________________(节日的意义在全世界始终保持不变。)
29._______________(划去不同类的一项) ______________________________________
____________________________________(请划去不同类的一项并说明理由。)
30._______________(装扮成……的样子)_______________________________________
________________________________________(她为狂欢节装扮成一位公主。)
31_______________(后悔做过某事)_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(他后悔去年春节没有和家人团聚。)
31._______________(点燃巨大篝火) _____________________________________________
_____________________________________(人们在洒红节前夜点燃巨大的篝火。)
32._______________(对……重要) _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(传统节日对中国人很重要。)
33._______________(变成)_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(嫦娥化作仙子飞向了月亮。)
34._______________(聚集在……周围) ____________________________________
___________________________________(人们聚集在篝火旁载歌载舞。)
35._______________(回到家乡)_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________(杰森很高兴回到巴西的家乡。)
36._______________(期盼团圆与幸福) ___________________________________
_______________________________________(中国家庭在节日时期盼团圆与幸福。)
二、名词短语
1._______________(春节庆祝活动) ___________________________________
__________________(我们在春节庆祝活动期间拍了许多精彩的照片。)
2._______________(元宵节) ___________________________________
___________________________________(元宵节我们吃汤圆、看灯展。)
3._______________(清明节) ___________________________________
___________________________________(清明节人们缅怀祖先。)
4._______________(端午节) ___________________________________
___________________________________(我们举办激动人心的龙舟赛来庆祝端午节。)
5._______________(中秋节) ________________________________________
___________________________________(中秋节家人们团聚在一起品尝月饼。)
6._______________(一个泼水节) ________________________________________
___________________________________(云南每年都有一个著名的泼水节。)
7._______________(在四月初) _________________________________________
___________________________________(我们通常在四月初去踏青。)
8._______________(在四月中旬) ________________________________________
9.________________________________________(当地的泼水节在四月中旬举行。)
10._______________(农历/阴历)________________________________________
________________________________________(中秋节在农历八月十五。)
11._______________(新开端的象征) ________________________________________
________________________________________(彩绘鸡蛋在这个节日里是新开端的象征。)
12._______________(汤圆) ________________________________________
________________________________________(元宵节我们吃热乎乎的汤圆。)
13._______________(满月) ________________________________________
________________________________________(夜晚我们和家人一起欣赏明亮的满月。)
14._______________(仙药;神药) ________________________________________
___________________________(在古老的故事里,英雄得到了一些仙药作为特殊礼物。)
15._______________(生活方式) ________________________________________
______________________________(狂欢节展现了巴西人们丰富多彩的生活方式。)
16._______________(大量人群)________________________________________
________________________________________(大量人群聚集在广场迎接新年。)
17._______________(对……的美好祝愿)__________________________________
__________________________________(中秋节我们向家人送上美好的祝愿。)
三、介词/副词短语
1. _______________(在四月初) ________________________________________
________________________________________(我们通常在四月初去踏青。)
2._______________(纪念……) ________________________________________
___________________________________(人们举办龙舟比赛来纪念伟大的诗人屈原。)
3._______________(在四月中旬) ________________________________________
________________________________________(泼水节在每年四月中旬举行。)
4._______________(出差)________________________________________
________________________________________(他因为出差而回不了家。)
5._______________(全世界 / 世界各地) ________________________________________
________________________________________(世界各地的人们庆祝不同的节日。)
6._______________(全世界) ________________________________________
________________________________________(春节在全世界都很受欢迎。)
7._______________(遍布全城) ________________________________________
________________________________________(全城到处都有各式各样的街头派对。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、询问信息与日程:
1.Why is there a day off next week?(为什么下周有一天假?)
2.Is that a photo of your family?(那是你的全家福吗?)
3.What’s that you’re eating?(你正在吃的那是什么?)
4.How so?(何以见得?/为什么这么说?)
5.What do you think of ...?(你觉得......怎么样?)
6.What’s on your calendar next month, Clarice?(克拉丽丝,你下个月日程上有什么安排?)
二、表达观点、推测与感受:
1.That sounds like…(听起来像……)
2.That must be fun, although…(那一定很有趣,尽管……)
3.I wonder if…(我想知道是否……)
4.There are…, but…(有……,但是……)
5.consider A + B(认为A……)
三、描述文化习俗与意义
1. For Chinese people, … expresses hope for…(对中国人来说,……表达对……的期盼)
2. It's a way to do sth.(这是一种做某事的方式)
3. …remind sb. of sth.(……使某人想起某事)
4. …is a wonderful time when…(……是……的美好时刻)
5. It is a time for sb. to do sth.(这是某人做某事的时刻)
6. …, and we…(……,并且我们……)
7. sb. be dressed up like…(某人打扮成……的样子)
8. sb. regret doing / not doing sth. because…(某人后悔做/没做某事,因为……)
9. …, while…(……,而……) while引导对比状语从句
语法
简单句、并列句、复合句
写作
介绍中外节日与庆典
_______________
一、知识点精讲
1. How so? “怎么会这样?”、“此话怎讲?”或者“能具体说说吗?”
【用法】
①可以把它看作 “How is that so?” 的极简缩略版。当别人抛出一个观点、结论,或是出人意料的事实时,如果你没理清背后逻辑,或是想引导对方继续阐述,就可以直接用 How so?。(注意:只能单独使用,后面不能接名词、从句,不能说 How so sth.)
②相比直接问 Why?(为什么),语气更加委婉自然,自带“我在认真听,请你展开说说”的互动感,不是强硬地质问。
③在口语中,它的语调通常是升调(↗),听起来就像在轻轻抛出一个问题。
【实战场景】
①表示好奇,引导对方解释:
A: "I don't think we should hire him."(我觉得我们不该雇他。)
B: "How so?"(此话怎讲?/ 为什么这么觉得呢?)
②表示轻微的惊讶或质疑:
A: "It's actually cheaper to take a taxi than the subway today."(今天打车居然比坐地铁还便宜。)
B: "How so?"(怎么会这样?/ 怎么可能?)
【易混辨析】
表达
含义
用法
How so?
何以见得?
针对观点,要对方给理由
So how?
那然后呢?
承接话题,问接下来怎么做
So what?
那又怎样?
带不屑、反驳,语气负面,极易在情景交际题作为干扰项。
Why?
为什么?
直白提问原因,可用于事实 / 观点
How come?
怎么会?
口语,惊讶疑惑,偏非正式
2. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达;表示;传递 n. 快车;快递
【句型】
①express sth. 表达……(直接接名词作宾语)
She expressed her thanks. 她表达了她的谢意。
②express hope for sth. 对……表达希望
They express hope for world peace. 他们对世界和平表达希望。
③express oneself 表达自己的思想/感情(高频中考短语)
Teenagers should learn to express themselves. 青少年应该学会表达自己。
④be expressed in... (用……表达/体现)
Feelings can be expressed in many ways. (情感可以通过多种方式表达。)
⑤express 与 that 从句连用
▷ 后接宾语从句:express + that 从句(that 直接作 express 的宾语,前面不加名词)
He expressed that he wanted to help us. 他表示他想要帮助我们。
▷ 后接同位语从句:express + 名词 (wish/opinion/view/hope) + that 从句(that 解释前面名词的具体内容)
He expressed his wish that he could help us. 他表达了想要帮助我们的愿望。
3. sound /saʊnd/ v. 听起来;发出声音 n. [C/U] 声音;声响
【用法】
① 作系动词(感官系动词,无进行时,无被动)
感官系动词:look / sound / feel / smell / taste
▷sound + 形容词 听起来……
The plan sounds good. 这个计划听起来不错。
▷sound like + 名词/代词 听起来像……
That sounds like the Day of the Dead in Mexico. 那听起来像是墨西哥的亡灵节。
易错:like是介词,后面必须接名词,不能接形容词。
▷sound + as if / as though 从句 听起来好像……
It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
②作实义动词 v. 发出响声
The bell sounded at 8 o’clock. 八点钟铃响了。
③作名词 n. 声音
the sound of + 名词 ……的声音
the sound of drums 鼓声
I heard the sound of birds. 我听到了鸟叫声。
【词义辨析】
单词
含义
使用范围
例句
sound
声音
泛指一切声音,可大可小、可好可坏
the sound of waves 海浪声
voice
嗓音;声音
专指人的嗓音、说话声、歌声
She has a sweet voice. 她嗓音甜美。
noise
噪音;嘈杂声
吵闹、刺耳的杂音
Don’t make so much noise. 别制造这么大噪音。
4. dress /dres/ v. 穿衣服;打扮;装扮 n. 连衣裙
【句型】
1 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服(宾语是人,不是衣服)
Mother dressed her little kid. 妈妈给她的小孩穿衣服。
2 dress oneself 自己穿衣服
The boy can dress himself. 这个男孩会自己穿衣服。
3 get dressed 穿好衣服(表状态,固定短语)
Hurry up and get dressed! 快点穿好衣服!
4 dress up 装扮;乔装打扮(高频短语)
▷ dress up in + 衣物/服装 穿上……来装扮 dress up in costumes 穿上戏服/盛装打扮 Children love to dress up in costumes on the festival. 孩子们喜欢在节日穿上戏服装扮自己。
▷ dress up as + 角色 装扮成……
He dressed up as a ghost. 他装扮成一个鬼。
▷ dress up like + sb./sth. 打扮得像……(外貌、模样相像,不一定扮演这个角色)
like 侧重 “外貌模样像”;as 侧重 “扮演成为该角色”
She dressed up like a princess. 她打扮得像一位公主。(打扮得外貌像公主,不一定在扮演公主)
易错警示:
❌ dress + 衣服(不能接衣物作宾语)
❌ She dressed a coat.
✅ She put on a coat. 她穿上外套。
【辨析】
dress / put on / wear
单词/短语
核心含义
侧重点
例句
dress
穿;打扮
宾语接人;表打扮动作
dress the child 给孩子穿衣服
put on
穿上
短暂动作
Put on your hat. 戴上你的帽子。
wear
穿着;戴着
持续状态
She wears a red dress. 她穿着一条红连衣裙。
be in
穿着
持续状态,后常接表示颜色的名词
She is in a white dress.
她穿着一条白色的连衣裙。
【小口诀】
dress宾语要接人,put on表动作,wear表状态; dress up来装扮,in接衣物 as接人物。
5. remind v. 提醒;使想起
【句型】
①remind sb. of sth. 使某人记起某事
I like these photos and they can remind me of the life living in the countryside. 我喜欢这些照片,它们能让我想起农村的生活。
②remind sb.(not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不)去做某事。
Please remind me to turn off the light. 请提醒我关灯。
③ remind sb. + that从句
It reminds us that war is terrible and peace does not come easily. 它提醒我们,战争是可怕的,和平来之不易
6. keep away from 远离;避开;不接近
【句型】
①keep away from + 名词/代词/动名词
Keep away from the fire. 远离火源。
Keep away from smoking. 远离吸烟
②keep sb./sth. away from… 使某人/某物远离……
We should keep children away from dangerous places. 我们应该让孩子远离危险的地方。
③keep oneself away from… 使自己远离……
You should keep yourself away from bad habits. 你应当远离坏习惯。
被动句式:be kept away from 被远离;被阻隔
Patients must be kept away from others. 病人必须与其他人隔离开。
【短语辨析】
keep away from / keep…off / keep out of / keep from doing sth
短语
释义
例句
keep away from
远离,避开
Keep away from the dog. 远离那条狗。
keep…off
不接触;避开;使……不靠近
Keep your hands off the machine. 手别碰机器。
keep out of
置身事外;不卷入
Keep out of the trouble. 别卷入麻烦。
keep from doing sth.
克制、不做某事
He could hardly keep from laughing. 他忍不住笑了。
7. What do you think of…你认为……怎么样?(用于询问对方对人/事物的看法、评价)
【句型】
①What do you think of + 名词/代词
What do you think of this movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样?
②What do you think of + doing sth. 你觉得做某事怎么样(提建议)
What do you think of going hiking this weekend? 你觉得这周末去徒步怎么样?
③同义句型:How do you like …?
How do you like this city? 你觉得这座城市怎么样?
回答:直接表达评价(great / wonderful / boring / terrible)
—What do you think of the book? —I think it’s very interesting.
——你觉得这本书怎么样? ——我认为它很有趣。
【易混辨析】
句型
含义
注意点
What do you think of…
你认为……怎么样
what搭配of,后接n./doing
How do you like…
你认为……怎么样
how后面不加of
How do you feel about…
你对……感受如何
侧重内心感受
8. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ v. 想知道;感到疑惑;对……感到惊奇 n. [C/U] 奇迹;奇观
【句型】
▶ 作动词 v.
①wonder + 宾语从句(想知道……)
▷ wonder + who/what/why/where等特殊疑问词从句(陈述语序)
I wonder what he wants. 我想知道他想要什么。
▷ wonder + if / whether 从句(委婉询问“是否”)
I wonder if you can give me some advice. 不知你能否给我一些建议。
②wonder + 疑问词 + to do(疑问词:who/what/where/when…;if/whether不接to do)
I wonder what to do next. 我想知道接下来该做什么。
She wonders where to go. 她想知道该去哪里。
句型转换考点: I wonder what I should do next. = I wonder what to do next.
③wonder at sth. 对……感到惊讶
We wonder at his courage. 我们对他的勇气感到惊叹。
▶ 作名词 n.
①a wonder 一件奇迹;奇观
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. 长城是世界奇观之一。
②It’s a wonder (that)… ……真是个奇迹
It’s a wonder that he passed the difficult exam. 他通过这么难的考试,真是个奇迹。
③no wonder (that)… 难怪……
No wonder (that) he is tired. He stayed up late. 难怪他很累,他熬夜了。
9. regret /rɪˈɡret/ v. 后悔;遗憾;惋惜 n. [U/C] 遗憾;懊悔
【句型】
▶ 作动词 v.
①regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(事情已经发生)
I regret telling him the secret. 我后悔把秘密告诉了他。
②regret to do sth. 遗憾要去做某事(事情还未做,多用于tell / inform / say 等动词)
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没及格。
核心区分:doing后悔已做;to do遗憾将要告知。
1 regret + that从句 后悔/遗憾……
He regrets that he didn’t take the chance. 他后悔没有抓住那次机会。
▶ 作名词 n.
1 with regret 遗憾地;惋惜地(作状语)
He refused my invitation with regret. 他遗憾地拒绝了我的邀请。
2 to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是
To my great regret, I missed the wonderful show. 令我非常遗憾的是,我错过了那场精彩的演出。
10. do the same 做同样的事;照做
same 前面必须加the。
【句型】
1 do the same (单独使用,省略后面内容)
If you start, I will do the same. 如果你开始,我也照做。
2 do the same as… 和……做同样的事(as引导比较)
He did the same as me. 他和我做了同样的事。
My sister does the same as I do. 我妹妹和我做一样的事情。
3 do the same thing 做同样一件事(thing可加上,语义一致)
She does the same thing every morning. 她每天早上都做同样的事。
11.steal /stiːl/ v. 偷;窃取;偷盗
不规则变化:stealstolestolen
【句型】
1 steal sth. 偷某物
Someone stole his bike. 有人偷了他的自行车。
2 steal sth. from sb./somewhere 从某人/某处偷走某物(高频固定搭配)
A thief stole money from the shop. 一个小偷从这家商店偷走了钱。
He stole a wallet from the old man. 他偷了那位老人的钱包。
【词义辨析】 steal / rob
单词
核心结构
含义
例句
steal
steal sth. from sb./sp.
偷(宾语是物)
He stole a bag from her. 他偷了她的包。
rob
rob sb./sp. of sth.
抢劫(宾语是人/地点)
The man robbed her of her bag. 那个人抢了她的包。
12.admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 欣赏;仰慕;钦佩;赞美
【句型】
1 admire sb./sth. 钦佩/欣赏某人/某物
We admire the hardworking heroes. 我们钦佩那些勤奋的英雄。
People admire the bright full moon on MidAutumn night. 中秋夜晚人们欣赏皎洁的满月。
2 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩/仰慕某人
I admire him for his courage. 我因他的勇气而钦佩他。
She admires her mother for her kindness. 她敬佩妈妈的善良。
注意:admire后面不接that从句。
【拓展】admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏 have admiration for sb. 钦佩某人
I have great admiration for these artists. 我十分敬佩这些艺术家。
【词义辨析】 admire / praise
单词
核心用法
含义
例句
admire
admire sb./sth.;admire sb. for sth.
钦佩、仰慕;欣赏(发自内心的敬佩、观赏景物)
I admire him for his hard work. 我敬佩他的勤奋。
praise
praise sb. for sth.
表扬、夸奖(口头赞扬)
The teacher praised him for his progress. 老师表扬他取得进步。
13. shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 遗憾;可惜;羞愧,耻辱 v. 使羞愧;使蒙羞
【句型】
▶ 作名词 n.(中考重点)
①It is a shame (that)… …真是可惜/遗憾(it形式主语,that可省略)
It is a shame that you missed the celebration. 真可惜你错过了这场庆祝活动。
②What a shame! 真可惜!
What a shame! It rains on the festival. 真可惜!过节下雨了。
③a shame to do sth. 做某事真是遗憾
It’s a shame to waste so much good food. 浪费这么多好吃的,真是可惜。
④feel shame 感到羞愧、惭愧
He felt shame for his mistakes. 他为自己的错误感到羞愧。
▶ 作动词 v.
shame sb. 使某人感到羞愧
His bad behavior shamed his family. 他的不良行为让家人蒙羞。
【词形拓展】
shameful adj. 可耻的(修饰事物、行为) a shameful mistake 一个可耻的错误
That is a shameful act. 那是可耻的行为。
ashamed adj. 感到羞愧的(修饰人,人的感受) be ashamed of sb./sth. 对……感到羞愧
He is ashamed of his fault. 他为自己的过错感到羞愧。
辨析表格
补充同义:pity
It is a shame = It is a pity 真可惜
14.consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ v. 考虑;认为;把……看作
【句型】
①consider doing sth. 考虑做某事(后面不能接to do)
I am considering visiting the old town. 我正在考虑去参观这座古城。
② consider sb./sth. (as / to be) + n./adj. 认为/把……看作……
as 和 to be 均可省略
Chinese people consider the Spring Festival (to be) the most important festival. 中国人把春节看作最重要的节日。
We consider him (as) our hero. 我们把他看作我们的英雄。
被动结构:be considered (as / to be)… 被看作……
This place is considered (to be) a symbol of the city. 这个地方被视作这座城市的象征。
③consider + 宾语从句 认为……
We consider that he is right. 我们认为他是对的。
【词形拓展】
consideration n. 考虑;体谅 take …into consideration 把……考虑在内
【易混辨析】 consider / regard
单词
核心搭配
备注
例句
consider
consider sb/sth (as/to be)…
as/to be常可以省略
We consider it (to be) great fun. 我们认为它很有趣。
regard
regard sb/sth as …
as不能省略
We regard him as our friend. 我们把他当作朋友。
15.reunite /ˌriːjuˈnaɪt/ v.(使)重聚;团聚;重逢
【句型】
1 reunite with sb. 与某人团聚/重逢
They reunite with their family during the Spring Festival. 春节期间他们和家人团聚。
2 reunite sb. with sb. 使某人与……重聚
The story reunites the lost kid with his parents. 这个故事让走失的孩子重新回到父母身边。
3 reunite(不及物,直接作谓语)
All the family members reunite for the big dinner. 全家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭。
【词形拓展】
reunion n. 团聚;重聚 a family reunion 家庭团聚
It is a time for family reunions. 这是阖家团圆的时节。
【同义替换】
reunite with sb. = get together with sb. = come together with sb. 与某人团聚
【辨析】 reunite / get together
单词/短语
核心搭配
侧重点
例句
reunite
reunite with sb.
久别之后再次团聚、重逢,暗含“分开之后再相聚”
People reunite with their relatives for the festival.人们节日和亲人团聚。
get together
get together (with sb.)
泛指相聚,不一定曾经分离
We get together every weekend.我们每周末相聚。
16. count down 动词短语:倒计时
【句型】
1 count down (to sth.) 为……倒计时(to后接名词,表目标时刻/事件)
Hundreds of people count down to midnight on New Year’s Eve. 数百人在除夕午夜进行倒计时。
2 count sth down 倒数……(代词放中间)
They counted the last ten seconds down. 他们倒数最后的十秒钟。
词形拓展
countdown n. 倒计时(合成名词,连写) the countdown to New Year 新年倒计时
【辨析】 count down / count on / count
短语/单词
核心含义
搭配
例句
count down
倒计时
count down to + 事件/时刻
We count down to the Spring Festival. 我们为春节倒计时。
count on sb.
依靠、指望某人
count on sb. (to do sth.)
You can count on him. 你可以指望他。
count v.
数数;计算总数
count from 1 to 10 从1数到10
Please count the apples. 请数一下苹果。
二、核心语法精讲
简单句(simple sentences)
1.定义:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成,按结构分为五大基本句型。
2.五大基本句型。
①主谓 S+V(不及物动词,后面不加宾语)
主语 + 谓语(不及物动词)
The sun rises. 太阳升起。
Many people gathered. 很多人聚集。
②主谓宾 S+V+O(及物动词,后面接宾语)
主语 + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语
We celebrate the festival. 我们庆祝这个节日。
They set off fireworks. 他们燃放烟花。
③主谓双宾 S+V+IO+DO
主语 +谓语 +间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
give / show / send / wish 这类动词
He wishes us good luck. 他祝我们好运。
④主谓宾补 S+V+O+C
主语 +谓语 +宾语 +宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
We call him a hero. 我们称他为英雄。
We see them dancing. 我们看见他们跳舞。
⑤主系表 S+LinkV+P
主语 +系动词 +表语(名词/形容词/介词短语)
系动词分类:
①be动词:am/is/are/was/were
②感官系动词:look,sound,smell,taste,feel
③变化/保持系动词:become,get,turn,keep,stay
The music sounds wonderful. 音乐听起来很棒。
并列句(compound sentences)
1.定义:由并列连词 and,or, but 等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。
2.核心:每个分句都有自己完整主谓;分句之间地位平等,没有主句、从句之分。
3.常用并列连词(四大类)
连词
含义
逻辑
例句
and
和;并且
并列、顺承、递进
People gather and they celebrate the festival together.人们聚在一起,共同庆祝节日。
but
但是
转折
The festival is fun, but it is very noisy.这个节日很有趣,但是很吵闹。
or
或者;否则
选择 / 警告
Hurry up, or you will miss the parade.快点,否则你会错过游行。
so
所以
因果(结果)
It was late, so they went home.天色已晚,所以他们回家了。
复合句(complex sentences)
1.定义:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。
2.连接方式:主句和从句之间通常由从属连词(如 when, if, because)或关系词(如 who, which, that)连接。
3.特点:从句在主句中充当某个成分(如主语、宾语、定语、状语等)。
4.复合句的三大分类(按功能分)。通常分为:名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句。
(1)名词性从句 (Noun Clauses) —— “从句是个名词”
口诀:从句在主句中起名词作用(作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)。
①宾语从句 (Object Clause)
位置:动词或介词后面。
例子:I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. (作 wonder 的宾语)
引导词:that (陈述), if/whether (是否), wh-词 (what, where, who等)。
②主语从句 (Subject Clause)
位置:句子开头作主语,或者用 It 作形式主语。
例子:What he said is true. / It is obvious that he is lying.
③表语从句 (Predicative Clause)
位置:系动词(be, seem, look)之后。
例子:The question is whether we can finish it on time.
(2)定语从句 (Attributive Clauses) —— “从句是个形容词”
口诀:从句用来修饰前面的名词(先行词),相当于一个长长的形容词。
结构:先行词 + 关系词 + 从句。
关系代词:who (指人), which (指物), that (人或物), whose (所属关系)。
关系副词:where (地点), when (时间), why (原因)。
例子:
The man who is standing there is my teacher. (修饰 man)
I like the book which you bought yesterday. (修饰 book)
(3)状语从句 (Adverbial Clauses) —— “从句是个副词”
口诀:从句用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、原因、条件等背景信息。
这是种类最多的一类,需要分类记忆:
类型
常用连词
例句
时间
when, while, as, before, after, until
I will call you when I arrive.
条件
if, unless (除非), as long as (只要)
If it rains, we will stay at home.
原因
because, since, as
He didn't come because he was ill.
结果
so...that, such...that
He ran so fast that he won the race.
目的
so that, in order that
He got up early so that he could catch the bus.
让步
although, though, even if
Although he is old, he is strong.
比较
than, as...as
He runs faster than I do.
5.核心考点:
(1)语序问题:
名词性从句(特别是宾语从句)必须用陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后)。
错:I don't know where is he.
对:I don't know where he is.
(2)时态呼应:
三条总规则:
规则①:主句是现在时态(一般现在、现在进行、现在完成)
从句时态根据实际句意,该用什么时态就用什么时态,不受主句约束。
主句:I know / I think / I wonder / I have heard
例句:
I know (现在) that he lives here.(一般现在,现在事实) 我知道他住在这里。
I know that he lived here ten years ago.(一般过去,过去事情) 我知道十年前他住在这里。
I know that he will live here soon.(一般将来,将来) 我知道他很快将要住在这里。
规则②:主句是过去时态(一般过去、过去进行、过去完成)
从句通常必须改为对应的过去类时态(时态往“过去”退一格)
原时态
改从句时态
例句
一般现在
一般过去
He said (过去) that he was busy. 他说他很忙。
现在进行
过去进行
She told me that she was reading books. 她告诉我她当时正在看书。
一般将来
过去将来
They hoped that they would visit the festival.
他们希望可以去参观这个节日。
现在完成
过去完成
He said that he had finished his work.
他说他已经完成了工作。
规则③:特例:客观真理、客观事实、永恒不变的常识
即使主句是过去时,从句仍然用一般现在时,不后退时态!
例句:
The teacher told us (过去) that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉我们:地球绕着太阳转。(客观真理,不变,用goes,不用went)
He said that the Spring Festival falls in January or February. 他说春节在一月或者二月。(客观民俗事实)
(3)连词的选择:
①although/though(虽然)不能和 but 连用
Although it is cold, people go into the streets.
②because(因为)不能和 so 连用
Because he was tired, he stayed at home.(中文习惯说“因为...所以...”,英文只能二选一)。
(4)That 的省略:
在宾语从句中,引导词 that 经常可以省略;但在主语从句、表语从句中通常不省略。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元的写作任务通常是介绍一个中国传统节日(如春节、中秋节、端午节等)或对比中外节日。
核心目标:向他人(通常是外国朋友)介绍节日的名称、时间、起源/传说、主要习俗以及节日的意义。
①写作要点:
When:节日的具体时间(农历/公历)。
What:节日的名称及起源故事(如嫦娥奔月、屈原投江)。
How:人们如何庆祝(食物、活动、装饰)。
Why:节日的象征意义(团圆、感恩、爱国等)。
②时态运用:
介绍习俗、事实真理时用一般现在时。
讲述传说故事、历史起源时用一般过去时。
2. 写作框架
建议采用“总—分—总”的三段式结构,逻辑清晰。
第一段:引入主题
点明要介绍的节日名称及其重要性。
句型示例:Among all the traditional festivals in China, the Mid-Autumn Festival is my favorite. / The Spring Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people.
第二段:详细介绍(主体)
时间与起源:简要提及时间或相关传说。
庆祝活动:详细描写人们做什么(吃特定食物、家庭聚会、看表演等)。
连接词:First, ...; Besides, ...; Also, ...; On that day, ...
第三段:总结意义与感受
表达自己对节日的喜爱或节日的精神内涵。
句型示例:I really enjoy this festival because... / It is a time for family reunion. / I hope you can come to China and experience it.
3. 写作素材
积累以下词汇和句型,能让文章更地道、丰富。
①核心词汇
节日名称:the Spring Festival (春节), the Lantern Festival (元宵节), the Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节), the Dragon Boat Festival (端午节).
活动动词:celebrate (庆祝), admire (欣赏), reunite (团聚), decorate (装饰), worship (祭祀/供奉).
特色名词:mooncake (月饼), lantern (灯笼), dragon boat (龙舟), couplet (对联), reunion dinner (团圆饭).
形容词:traditional (传统的), symbolic (象征性的), lively (热闹的), meaningful (有意义的).
②重点句型
描述时间:It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. (它在农历八月十五。)
描述习俗:People usually get together to have a big dinner. (人们通常聚在一起吃大餐。)
描述象征:Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon, symbolizing reunion. (月饼呈满月状,象征着团圆。)
描述感受:It reminds me of my family and friends. (它让我想起我的家人和朋友。)
4. 范文背诵
背诵范文是内化语言的最佳途径。以下是一篇关于中秋节的经典范文。
Topic: The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It usually comes in September or October.
On this day, family members try their best to come back home for a reunion. In the evening, we sit together in the yard, admiring the bright full moon and eating delicious mooncakes. Mooncakes are round, which means "reunion" in Chinese culture. There is also a beautiful story about Chang'e flying to the moon, which adds mystery to the festival.
I love this festival not only for the tasty food but also for the warm feeling of being with my family. It represents love and harmony.
易错点01 动词辨析celebrate / congratulate
【助记口诀】 celebrate庆事不庆人,congratulate贺人on来跟
【错因辨析】
celebrate:宾语只能是事情、节日、生日、胜利,不能接人。侧重“庆祝某个事件”。
例:celebrate the Spring Festival 庆祝春节
congratulate:宾语只能是人;
固定搭配 congratulate sb. on sth.,表示“因某事祝贺某人”。
汉语思维误区:中文可以说“庆祝某人”,英语不能直译,祝贺人必须用congratulate。
错句: We celebrate him on his success. 正确:We congratulate him on his success.
错句:We congratulate the festival. 正确: We celebrate the festival.
【对点训练】
1. We will ____ his birthday and ____ him on his big success.
A. celebrate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
2. All the villagers ____ the traditional festival and ____ the young man on his prize.
A. congratulate; celebrate B. celebrate; congratulate C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
3.—We won the game! —Let’s ____ it, and I also want to ____ you on your excellent performance.
A. congratulate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate C. celebrate; celebrate D. celebrate; congratulate
易错点02 动词短语辨析 set off/set out
【助记口诀】 set变形不变形,代词要放短语中;set off放烟花,set out着手行
【错因辨析】
不规则变化:setsetset,不要写成seted。
多层含义:
①set off 燃放(烟花、爆竹);set off for+地点“动身前往”;set sth off 使某物爆炸;触发;引发
例如:
People set off fireworks to celebrate the festival. 人们燃放烟花庆祝节日。
We set off for home early on New Year’s Eve. 除夕我们早早动身回家。
The noise set off the car alarm. 响声触发了汽车警报。
②set out动身出发;着手做;代词作宾语,必须放中间 set them off。
set out for+地点;set out to do sth. 着手做某事
例如:
We set out for the airport early in the morning to avoid traffic. 为了避开交通拥堵,我们一大早就动身前往机场。
He set out to finish the task. 他着手完成这项任务。
易混区分:set off fireworks 燃放烟花;set out to do sth. 着手做某事,不能用set out表示燃放烟花。
错句: They set out fireworks to celebrate. 正确:They set off fireworks to celebrate.
错句: The children set off them. 正确:The children set them off.
【对点训练】
1. People ____ fireworks to celebrate the festival. Remember to put them out after you ____.
A. set off; set off B. set out; set out C. set off; set them off
2.They ____ for the square early in the morning and they planned to ____ fireworks there.
A. set off; set off B. set out; set out C. set off; set out
3.The kids are playing with firecrackers. Don’t ____.
A. set off them B. set them off C. set out them
易错点03 throughout / all over
【助记口诀】 throughout可时可地,all over只管地
【错因辨析】
①throughout 介词,后面既可以接地点(遍及),也可以接时间(从头到尾,毫无遗漏)。
②all over 只能接地点,不能接时间名词。
错句: It rained all over the night.
正确: It rained throughout the night.
正确:People have parties throughout / all over the city.
【对点训练】
1.People hold all kinds of activities ____ the whole year.
A. all over B. throughout C. on
2.____ the country, families get together for special meals ____ the festival.
A. All over; all over B. Throughout; all over C. All over; throughout
3.Music could be heard ____ the night during the big celebration.
A. all over B. throughout C. across
易错点04 动词辨析wish/hope
【助记口诀】
wish 可接双宾语,虚拟语气表遗憾;
hope 不接 sb. to do,真实愿望用从句。
【错因辨析】
wish 的用法:
① wish sb. sth.(祝愿某人……,表真实愿望)。
② wish + that从句(常表难以实现或不可能实现的愿望,从句需用虚拟语气)。
hope 的用法:
① hope to do sth.(希望做某事)。
② hope + that从句(希望发生某事,表有可能实现的愿望)。
⚠️ 绝对禁忌:英语中没有 hope sb. to do sth. 这个结构!
汉语思维干扰:中文习惯说“希望某人做某事”,学生极易受母语影响直译为 hope sb. to do。
错句:I hope you to experience the carnival.
正确: I hope that you can experience the carnival.
正确:I wish you good luck.
【对点训练】
1. I ____ you a happy new year and I ____ you can come one day.
A. wish; hope B. hope; wish C. wish; wish
2.My best friend ____ me good luck and she ____ I will have fun in the celebration.
A. wishes; hopes B. hopes; wishes C. wishes; wishes
3. Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. I hope him to join the parade. B. I wish him good luck. C. I wish him to good luck.
4. (进阶拔高题)I wish I ____ a bird, but I have to study for the exam now.
A. am B. was C. were
易错点 05 名词辨析 costume/clothes
【助记口诀】
clothes 泛指日常衣,复数形式要牢记;
costume 特指演出服,节日装扮也用它。
【错因辨析】
clothes 的用法:
① 泛指“衣服、服装”的总称,无单数形式,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
② 不能与具体数字连用(❌ two clothes),需用 pieces of clothes 或具体名词(如 shirts, coats)。
③ 常见搭配:put on clothes(穿衣服)、change clothes(换衣服)、wash clothes(洗衣服)。
costume 的用法:
① 特指“戏装、演出服”或“特定场合/时代的服装”(如万圣节服装、民族服装、舞台服装)。
② 作可数名词,单数 a costume,复数 costumes。
③ 常见搭配:wear a costume(穿演出服)、costume party(化装舞会)、traditional costume(传统服饰)。
绝对禁忌:不要用 costume 指代日常穿的衣服!
汉语思维干扰:中文常说“这套衣服很好看”,学生易受母语影响,将日常服装也译为 costume。
错句:I like your new costume.(除非对方真的穿着戏装/奇装异服)
正确:I like your new clothes / outfit.
正确:She wore a beautiful costume for the Halloween party.
【对点训练】
1.The actors changed their ____ quickly before the next scene.
A. costume B. clothes C. clothing
2.All the children wore funny ____ for the school festival.
A. clothes B. costumes C. cloth
3.Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. She bought three costumes for daily wear.
B. His clothes is very expensive.
C. The traditional costume of this region is silk.
4.(进阶拔高题)Although she wore casual ____ to the office, she changed into a historical ____ for the evening performance.
A. clothes; costume B. costume; clothes C. clothing; clothing
一、根据所给提示填空
1.春节是家人们团聚的时刻。
The Spring Festival is a time for people to ________ ________ their family members.
2.除夕夜很多人燃放烟花来辞旧迎新。
Many people ________ ________ fireworks to welcome the new year on New Year’s Eve.
3.这项节日活动在全国举办。 The festival activities are held ________ ________ the country.
4.我想知道你是否了解墨西哥亡灵节。
I ________ ________ you know about the Day of the Dead in Mexico.
5.我们认为春节是中国最重要的节日。
We ________ the Spring Festival ________ the most important festival in China.
二、单项选择
1.We will ____ the Spring Festival and ____ our cousin on his success.
A. celebrate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate
C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
2.—I ____ you a wonderful holiday. —I ____ that I can experience the Brazilian Carnival one day.
A. hope; hope B. hope; wish C. wish; wish D. wish; hope
3.During the Rio Carnival, performers wear special ____ for the street parades.
A. a clothes B. cloth C. costumes D. clothing
4.____ the festival is full of fun, ____ it is also very noisy.
A. Although; but B. Though; / C. Because; so D. /; although
5.Please ____ the dangerous firecrackers. They may hurt you.
A. keep on B. keep away from C. keep up with D. keep in touch with
三、句型转换
1.It is a shame that you missed the parade.(改为同义句)
____ ____ ____ that you missed the parade.
2.Although the festival is wonderful, it is very noisy.(改为同义句,用but)
The festival is wonderful, ____ ____ very noisy.
3.He regretted that he missed the street show.(改为简单句)
He regretted ____ the street show.
4.We get together and we enjoy special food.(合并为简单句)
We get together ____ ____ special food.
5.It is a time for people to reunite with family.(同义转换)
It is a time ____ people ____ reunite with family.
四、阅读理解
A
The Stories Behind Chinese Festivals
Chinese festivals are rich in history and meaning. Each festival has its own origin story and customs that have been passed down for generations. The Spring Festival, for example, is the most important festival in China. It is celebrated with family reunions, fireworks, and the giving of red envelopes. The story of Nian, a monster that was afraid of red and loud noises, is the origin of many Spring Festival traditions.
The Dragon Boat Festival remembers the poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in a river. People race dragon boats and eat zongzi to honor him. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family gatherings and moon-watching. It is associated with the legend of Chang'e, who lives on the moon. These festivals not only bring people together but also pass on cultural values and memories.
In recent years, some Chinese festivals have become popular in other countries as well. For instance, the Spring Festival is now celebrated in many cities around the world. This shows how culture can cross borders and connect people. The writer of this passage believes that festivals are an important part of China's intangible cultural heritage.
1.What is the Spring Festival's origin story about?
A.A poet who drowned himself. B.A monster called Nian.
C.A woman who lives on the moon. D.A great emperor.
2.What do people do to honor Qu Yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival?
A.Give red envelopes. B.Race dragon boats and eat zongzi.
C.Watch the moon. D.Set off fireworks.
3.What is the Mid-Autumn Festival associated with?
A.The story of Nian. B.The legend of Chang’e.
C.The poet Qu Yuan. D.The Tibetan New Year.
4.What does the writer think about Chinese festivals?
A.They are not important today. B.They are part of intangible cultural heritage.
C.They should not be celebrated abroad. D.They are only for children.
5.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce the stories and meanings behind Chinese festivals.
B.To compare Chinese festivals with Western festivals.
C.To teach how to celebrate the Spring Festival.
D.To explain why festivals are boring.
B
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. So it is also called the Double Ninth Festival. To celebrate the day, people usually climb mountains and enjoy chrysanthemum (菊花), so the festival is also known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the Chrysanthemum Festival. Nine has a similar pronunciation to “forever”. So it’s also called the Seniors’ Day.
During the Warring States Period, the Chongyang Festival was only celebrated in the imperial palace (皇宫). From the Han Dynasty, it began to be popular among the common people. During the Jin Dynasty, there were customs of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wine on the day. It was not officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes and climbed the mountain to celebrate. Chrysanthemum means long life, so enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking chrysanthemum tea are also popular. Eating Chongyang cakes is another tradition on the festival.
1.How many other names does the Chongyang Festival have?
A.One. B.Three. C.Two. D.Four.
2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “officially”?
A.民间地 B.官方地 C.工厂 D.办公室
3.How did the people celebrate the Chongyang Festival in the Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.Eating flower cakes. B.Climbing the mountain.
C.Enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking. D.A and B.
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.The Chongyang Festival
B.Some other names of the Chongyang Festival
C.Traditions of the Chongyang Festival
D.The meaning of the Chongyang Festival
五、完形填空
The 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar (阴历) in China is the Lantern Festival. It’s 1 important festival in China. Chinese people celebrate it in many ways. In the evening, 2 lantern shows in parks and streets. Lanterns are often red 3 the Chinese think red stands for happiness and good luck.
People 4 different lanterns out of paper and other things. Some are in the 5 of rabbits, birds and boats. Some are in the shapes of dragons and cartoon stars. There are 6 lanterns here and there. In some cities, such as Lianyungang, there is usually a big lantern show 7 night. 8 are the special food for the festival. Families always 9 and enjoy a happy meal. After that, people go out to 10 . Sometimes they sing and dance happily late until midnight.
1.A.an B.a C.the
2.A.have B.there are C.there is
3.A.because B.and C.so
4.A.make B.cut C.paint
5.A.colors B.sizes C.shapes
6.A.a lot B.lots of C.much
7.A.with B.in C.at
8.A.Zongzi B.Sweet dumplings C.Mooncakes
9.A.play games B.have a party C.get together
10.A.have fun B.make lanterns C.watch the moon
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Unit 1 Let’s Celebrate
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
一、节日庆典:
1.Tomb-Sweeping Day (清明节) We remember our ancestors on TombSweeping Day. (我们在清明节缅怀祖先。)
2.Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节) Families usually reunite and eat mooncakes on the MidAutumn Festival. (家人们通常在中秋节团聚、吃月饼。)
3.Sham El-Nessim (闻风节 - 埃及传统节日) People enjoy the soft breeze during Sham ElNessim. (人们在闻风节享受柔和的微风。)
4.April Fool's Day (愚人节) Some people like to fool their friends on April Fool’s Day. (有些人喜欢在愚人节捉弄他们的朋友。)
5.Holi (洒红节 - 印度传统节日) People throw colourful powder at each other during Holi. (胡里节期间人们互相抛洒彩色粉末。)
6.carnival (狂欢节) There is a big parade and wonderful samba at the carnival. (狂欢节上有盛大游行和精彩的桑巴舞。)
二、节日活动:
1.parade (游行;阅兵) Thousands of people took part in the colourful parade for the festival. (成千上万的人参加了这场节日色彩缤纷的游行。)
2.row (划船) They row their small boats on the lake during the traditional festival. (他们在这个传统节日里在湖上划小船。)
3.wash away(洗掉;冲走) People pour water to wash away bad luck at the special festival. (人们在这个特别的节日泼水来冲走厄运。)
4.go all out (竭尽全力) Villagers go all out to prepare for the coming big celebration. (村民们竭尽全力为即将到来的盛大庆典做准备。)
5.reunite (再次相聚;团圆) All family members will reunite for the MidAutumn Festival. (所有家庭成员将会为中秋节再次相聚。)
6.count down (倒计时) We count down together to welcome the start of a new year. (我们一起倒计时迎接新年的到来。)
7.set off(燃放;引起) People set off fireworks to celebrate this important festival. (人们燃放烟花来庆祝这个重要的节日。)
8.sweep out (清扫出去) We sweep out the old dust before the big festival comes. (在盛大节日来临前我们清扫出去旧的尘土。)
9.gather (聚集;集合) Friends and relatives gather in the yard to enjoy the moon. (亲朋好友聚集在院子里赏月。)
10.bring together (把……召集起来) The holiday brings together family members from different cities. (这个节日把来自不同城市的家庭成员召集起来。)
11.steal (偷) In the old folk story, a man tried to steal the magic mooncake. (在这个古老民间故事里,一名男子试图偷这块神奇的月饼。)
三、节日事物:
1.lantern (灯笼) Children hold beautiful red lanterns during the celebration. (孩子们在庆典期间提着漂亮的红灯笼。)
2.tomb (坟墓) People visit their ancestors’ tombs on TombSweeping Day. (人们在清明节祭拜祖先的坟墓。)
3.costume (戏服;服装) She wore a bright colourful costume for the carnival. (她穿上鲜艳华丽的服装参加狂欢节。)
4.mooncake (月饼) We enjoy sweet mooncakes with our family on MidAutumn Festival. (中秋节我们和家人一起品尝香甜的月饼。)
5.couplet (对联) Many families put up red couplets before the Spring Festival. (许多家庭在春节前贴上红色对联。)
6.firework (烟花) Amazing fireworks light up the sky on the festival night. (绚丽的烟花在节日夜晚点亮夜空。)
7.powder (粉末) People throw brightcoloured powder at one another in Holi. (胡里节上人们互相抛洒色彩鲜艳的粉末。)
8.samba (桑巴舞) Lots of dancers dance the lively samba at the big carnival. (许多舞者在盛大的狂欢节跳起热烈的桑巴舞。)
四、时间日期
1.eve (前夜;前夕) We have a big family dinner on New Year's Eve. (我们在新年前夜吃一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。)
2.midnight (午夜;子夜) Many people stay awake till midnight to welcome the new year. (很多人守到午夜来迎接新年。)
3.lunar (月亮的;阴历的) The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month.(中秋节在阴历八月十五。)
4.Chinese lunar calendar (中国农历) Most of our traditional festivals follow the Chinese lunar calendar. (我们大部分传统节日都是按照中国农历来的。)
五、人物身份
1.ancestor (祖宗;祖先) We show respect to our ancestors on TombSweeping Day. (我们在清明节向我们的祖先表达敬意。)
2.princess (公主) The little girl dressed up as a princess for the festival party. (这个小女孩在节日派对上装扮成一位公主。)
3.policeman (警察) The policeman kept order during the big festival parade. (警察在盛大的节日游行期间维持秩序。)
4.president (总统;主席) The president took part in the important national celebration. (总统参加了这场重要的全国庆典。)
5.fool (傻瓜;愚人) Don’t be a fool and believe all the jokes on April Fool’s Day. (别当傻瓜,不要相信愚人节的所有玩笑。)
六、环境景物情感
1.pale (苍白的;浅色的) Her face turned pale when she watched the noisy firework show. (当她观看喧闹的烟花表演时,她的脸色变得苍白。)
2.shame (羞耻;遗憾) It is a shame that you missed the wonderful festival parade. (很遗憾你错过了那场精彩的节日游行。)
3.regret (后悔;遗憾) He began to regret that he didn’t reunite with his family for the festival. (他开始后悔没有和家人团聚过节。)
4.compound (复合物;大院/院子) All family members lived together in the old walled compound. (所有家庭成员一同居住在这座古老的大院里。)
5.complex (复杂的;综合体) The celebration includes many complex traditional customs. (这场庆典包含许多复杂的传统习俗。)
6.dust (尘土;灰尘) We sweep away the dust before the coming of the big festival. (我们在盛大节日来临之前扫去尘土。)
7.breeze (微风) A soft cool breeze blew across the yard on MidAutumn night. (中秋夜晚,一阵凉爽柔和的微风拂过庭院。)
8.throughout (自始至终;在整个……期间) People enjoyed delicious food throughout the whole celebration. (人们在整个庆典期间享用美味的食物。)
9.background (背景) The old temple makes a perfect background for the lantern show. (这座古老寺庙为灯笼秀营造了绝佳的背景。)
10.Scottish (苏格兰的) These Scottish people have their own special festival traditions. (这些苏格兰人有着他们自己独特的节日传统。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1.express hope for…(表达对……的期盼) People eat yuanxiao to express hope for family happiness.(人们吃元宵来表达对家庭幸福的期盼。)
2.have a day off(休假/放假一天) We have a day off for the Qingming Festival every year.(我们每年清明节放假一天。)
3.show respect for...(对……表示尊敬/敬意) We clean tombs to show respect for our ancestors.(我们扫墓以示对祖先的敬意。)
4.go for a spring outing(去春游/踏青) My classmates and I will go for a spring outing in April.(四月我和同学们将要去踏青。)
5.remind sb. of sth.(使某人想起某事) The boat race reminds me of the Dragon Boat Festival.(这场龙舟赛让我想起了端午节。)
6.keep... away from...(使……远离……) People threw rice into the river to keep fish away from Qu Yuan’s body.(人们往河里投米,让鱼虾远离屈原的身体。)
7.cool … down(使……凉快下来;降温) The water festival can cool people down in hot summer.(泼水节能让人们在炎热的夏天凉快下来。)
8.do the same(做同样的事) Yunnan people have a water festival and Thai people do the same.(云南人有泼水节,泰国人也做同样的事。)
9.go into the streets(走上街头) Local people go into the streets to celebrate the water festival.(当地人走上街头庆祝泼水节。)
10.throw water at each other(互相泼水) During the festival, people throw water at each other for good luck.(节日期间,人们互相泼水以求好运。)
11.wash away(洗掉;冲走) People believe water can wash away bad things.(人们相信水能洗去不好的事物。)
12.go pale(脸色变白)The princess went pale when she saw the soldier.(公主看到士兵时脸色变得苍白。)
13.get lost(迷路) I almost got lost when I visited the new city.(我游览这座新城市时差点迷路。)
14.reunite with(与……团聚) Most people return home to reunite with their family in the Spring Festival.(大多数人春节回家与家人团聚。)
15.share sth. with sb.(和某人分享某物) I like to share my festival stories with my friends.(我喜欢和朋友们分享我的节日故事。)
16.go all out(全力以赴;竭尽全力) If you go all out for your dream, you will have no regrets.(如果你为梦想全力以赴,就不会留有遗憾。)
17.live forever(长生不老) The magic medicine could help people live forever in the story.(故事里的仙药可以让人长生不老。)
18.bring together(把……召集起来) Festivals bring people together and make them warm.(节日把人们凝聚在一起,温暖人心。)
19.count down(倒计时) People count down to midnight on New Year’s Eve.(人们在除夕夜倒计时迎接午夜。)
20.set off(点燃;动身) We set off fireworks to celebrate the Spring Festival.(我们燃放烟花庆祝春节。)
21.sweep out(清扫干净) Families sweep out dust before the Spring Festival.(家家户户春节前除尘扫灰。)
22.come together(相聚;聚集) Relatives come together to enjoy the family dinner.(亲友们相聚一堂,享用团圆饭。)
23.remember the old year and welcome the new one(辞旧迎新) People celebrate New Year to remember the old year and welcome the new one.(人们庆祝新年,以此辞旧迎新。)
24.say goodbye to the old year(辞旧岁) We say goodbye to the old year and hope for a better new year.(我们辞别旧岁,期盼更好的新年。)
25.give a warm welcome to the new year(喜迎新年) All people give a warm welcome to the new year.(所有人都满怀热忱喜迎新年。)
26.put up couplets(贴对联) Chinese people put up couplets during the Spring Festival.(中国人在春节贴对联。)
27.mark the beginning of spring(标志着春天的开始) The special festival marks the beginning of spring in Egypt.(这个特别的节日标志着埃及春天的到来。)
28.remain the same(保持不变) The meaning of festivals remains the same all over the world.(节日的意义在全世界始终保持不变。)
29.cross the odd one out(划去不同类的一项) Please cross the odd one out and explain your reason.(请划去不同类的一项并说明理由。)
30.dress up like(装扮成……的样子) She dressed up like a princess for the carnival.(她为狂欢节装扮成一位公主。)
31.regret doing sth.(后悔做过某事) He regretted not reuniting with his family last Spring Festival.(他后悔去年春节没有和家人团聚。)
32.light large fires(点燃巨大篝火) People light large fires on the eve of the Holi Festival.(人们在洒红节前夜点燃巨大的篝火。)
33.be important for(对……重要) Traditional festivals are important for Chinese people.(传统节日对中国人很重要。)
34.turn into(变成) Chang’e turned into a fairy and flew to the moon.(嫦娥化作仙子飞向了月亮。)
35.gather around(聚集在……周围) People gather around the fires to sing and dance.(人们聚集在篝火旁载歌载舞。)
36.be back home(回到家乡) Jason is happy to be back home in Brazil.(杰森很高兴回到巴西的家乡。)
37.hope for togetherness and happiness(期盼团圆与幸福) Chinese families hope for togetherness and happiness during festivals.(中国家庭在节日时期盼团圆与幸福。)
二、名词短语
1.the Spring Festival celebrations(春节庆祝活动) We took many wonderful photos during the Spring Festival celebrations.(我们在春节庆祝活动期间拍了许多精彩的照片。)
2.the Lantern Festival(元宵节) We eat sweet rice balls and watch lantern shows on the Lantern Festival.(元宵节我们吃汤圆、看灯展。)
3.the Qingming Festival / TombSweeping Day(清明节) People show respect for their ancestors on the Qingming Festival.(清明节人们缅怀祖先。)
4.the Dragon Boat Festival(端午节) We hold exciting boat races to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival.(我们举办激动人心的龙舟赛来庆祝端午节。)
5.MidAutumn Festival(中秋节) Families get together and enjoy mooncakes on the MidAutumn Festival.(中秋节家人们团聚在一起品尝月饼。)
6.a water festival(一个泼水节) There is a famous water festival in Yunnan every year.(云南每年都有一个著名的泼水节。)
7.early April(在四月初) We usually go for a spring outing in early April.(我们通常在四月初去踏青。)
8.midApril(在四月中旬) The local water festival falls in midApril.(当地的泼水节在四月中旬举行。)
9.lunar calendar(农历/阴历) The MidAutumn Festival comes on the 15th day of the eighth month in the lunar calendar.(中秋节在农历八月十五。)
10.symbols of new beginnings(新开端的象征) Painted eggs are symbols of new beginnings in this festival.(彩绘鸡蛋在这个节日里是新开端的象征。)
11.sweet rice balls(汤圆) We enjoy hot sweet rice balls on the Lantern Festival.(元宵节我们吃热乎乎的汤圆。)
12.full moon(满月) We admire the bright full moon with our family at night.(夜晚我们和家人一起欣赏明亮的满月。)
13.magic medicine(仙药;神药) In the old story, the hero got some magic medicine as a special gift.(在古老的故事里,英雄得到了一些仙药作为特殊礼物。)
14.way of life(生活方式) The carnival shows people’s colourful way of life in Brazil.(狂欢节展现了巴西人们丰富多彩的生活方式。)
15.huge crowds(大量人群) Huge crowds gather in the square to welcome the new year.(大量人群聚集在广场迎接新年。)
16.best wishes for(对……的美好祝愿) We send our best wishes for our family on the MidAutumn Festival.(中秋节我们向家人送上美好的祝愿。)
三、介词/副词短语
1. in early April(在四月初) We usually go for a spring outing in early April.(我们通常在四月初去踏青。)
2.in memory of...(纪念……) People hold boat races in memory of the great poet Qu Yuan.(人们举办龙舟比赛来纪念伟大的诗人屈原。)
3.in midApril(在四月中旬) The water festival takes place in midApril every year.(泼水节在每年四月中旬举行。)
4.on a business trip(出差) He couldn’t get home because he was on a business trip.(他因为出差而回不了家。)
5.throughout the world(全世界 / 世界各地) People celebrate different festivals throughout the world.(世界各地的人们庆祝不同的节日。)
6.all around the world(全世界) The Spring Festival is popular all around the world.(春节在全世界都很受欢迎。)
7.all over the city(遍布全城) There are all kinds of street parties all over the city.(全城到处都有各式各样的街头派对。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、询问信息与日程:
1.Why is there a day off next week?(为什么下周有一天假?)
2.Is that a photo of your family?(那是你的全家福吗?)
3.What’s that you’re eating?(你正在吃的那是什么?)
4.How so?(何以见得?/为什么这么说?)
5.What do you think of ...?(你觉得......怎么样?)
6.What’s on your calendar next month, Clarice?(克拉丽丝,你下个月日程上有什么安排?)
二、表达观点、推测与感受:
1.That sounds like…(听起来像……)
2.That must be fun, although…(那一定很有趣,尽管……)
3.I wonder if…(我想知道是否……)
4.There are…, but…(有……,但是……)
5.consider A + B(认为A……)
三、描述文化习俗与意义
1. For Chinese people, … expresses hope for…(对中国人来说,……表达对……的期盼)
2. It's a way to do sth.(这是一种做某事的方式)
3. …remind sb. of sth.(……使某人想起某事)
4. …is a wonderful time when…(……是……的美好时刻)
5. It is a time for sb. to do sth.(这是某人做某事的时刻)
6. …, and we…(……,并且我们……)
7. sb. be dressed up like…(某人打扮成……的样子)
8. sb. regret doing / not doing sth. because…(某人后悔做/没做某事,因为……)
9. …, while…(……,而……) while引导对比状语从句
语法
简单句、并列句、复合句
写作
介绍中外节日与庆典
一、知识点精讲
1. How so? “怎么会这样?”、“此话怎讲?”或者“能具体说说吗?”
【用法】
①可以把它看作 “How is that so?” 的极简缩略版。当别人抛出一个观点、结论,或是出人意料的事实时,如果你没理清背后逻辑,或是想引导对方继续阐述,就可以直接用 How so?。(注意:只能单独使用,后面不能接名词、从句,不能说 How so sth.)
②相比直接问 Why?(为什么),语气更加委婉自然,自带“我在认真听,请你展开说说”的互动感,不是强硬地质问。
③在口语中,它的语调通常是升调(↗),听起来就像在轻轻抛出一个问题。
【实战场景】
①表示好奇,引导对方解释:
A: "I don't think we should hire him."(我觉得我们不该雇他。)
B: "How so?"(此话怎讲?/ 为什么这么觉得呢?)
②表示轻微的惊讶或质疑:
A: "It's actually cheaper to take a taxi than the subway today."(今天打车居然比坐地铁还便宜。)
B: "How so?"(怎么会这样?/ 怎么可能?)
【易混辨析】
表达
含义
用法
How so?
何以见得?
针对观点,要对方给理由
So how?
那然后呢?
承接话题,问接下来怎么做
So what?
那又怎样?
带不屑、反驳,语气负面,极易在情景交际题作为干扰项。
Why?
为什么?
直白提问原因,可用于事实 / 观点
How come?
怎么会?
口语,惊讶疑惑,偏非正式
2. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达;表示;传递 n. 快车;快递
【句型】
①express sth. 表达……(直接接名词作宾语)
She expressed her thanks. 她表达了她的谢意。
②express hope for sth. 对……表达希望
They express hope for world peace. 他们对世界和平表达希望。
③express oneself 表达自己的思想/感情(高频中考短语)
Teenagers should learn to express themselves. 青少年应该学会表达自己。
④be expressed in... (用……表达/体现)
Feelings can be expressed in many ways. (情感可以通过多种方式表达。)
⑤express 与 that 从句连用
▷ 后接宾语从句:express + that 从句(that 直接作 express 的宾语,前面不加名词)
He expressed that he wanted to help us. 他表示他想要帮助我们。
▷ 后接同位语从句:express + 名词 (wish/opinion/view/hope) + that 从句(that 解释前面名词的具体内容)
He expressed his wish that he could help us. 他表达了想要帮助我们的愿望。
3. sound /saʊnd/ v. 听起来;发出声音 n. [C/U] 声音;声响
【用法】
① 作系动词(感官系动词,无进行时,无被动)
感官系动词:look / sound / feel / smell / taste
▷sound + 形容词 听起来……
The plan sounds good. 这个计划听起来不错。
▷sound like + 名词/代词 听起来像……
That sounds like the Day of the Dead in Mexico. 那听起来像是墨西哥的亡灵节。
易错:like是介词,后面必须接名词,不能接形容词。
▷sound + as if / as though 从句 听起来好像……
It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
②作实义动词 v. 发出响声
The bell sounded at 8 o’clock. 八点钟铃响了。
③作名词 n. 声音
the sound of + 名词 ……的声音
the sound of drums 鼓声
I heard the sound of birds. 我听到了鸟叫声。
【词义辨析】
单词
含义
使用范围
例句
sound
声音
泛指一切声音,可大可小、可好可坏
the sound of waves 海浪声
voice
嗓音;声音
专指人的嗓音、说话声、歌声
She has a sweet voice. 她嗓音甜美。
noise
噪音;嘈杂声
吵闹、刺耳的杂音
Don’t make so much noise. 别制造这么大噪音。
4. dress /dres/ v. 穿衣服;打扮;装扮 n. 连衣裙
【句型】
1 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服(宾语是人,不是衣服)
Mother dressed her little kid. 妈妈给她的小孩穿衣服。
2 dress oneself 自己穿衣服
The boy can dress himself. 这个男孩会自己穿衣服。
3 get dressed 穿好衣服(表状态,固定短语)
Hurry up and get dressed! 快点穿好衣服!
4 dress up 装扮;乔装打扮(高频短语)
▷ dress up in + 衣物/服装 穿上……来装扮 dress up in costumes 穿上戏服/盛装打扮 Children love to dress up in costumes on the festival. 孩子们喜欢在节日穿上戏服装扮自己。
▷ dress up as + 角色 装扮成……
He dressed up as a ghost. 他装扮成一个鬼。
▷ dress up like + sb./sth. 打扮得像……(外貌、模样相像,不一定扮演这个角色)
like 侧重 “外貌模样像”;as 侧重 “扮演成为该角色”
She dressed up like a princess. 她打扮得像一位公主。(打扮得外貌像公主,不一定在扮演公主)
易错警示:
❌ dress + 衣服(不能接衣物作宾语)
❌ She dressed a coat.
✅ She put on a coat. 她穿上外套。
【辨析】
dress / put on / wear
单词/短语
核心含义
侧重点
例句
dress
穿;打扮
宾语接人;表打扮动作
dress the child 给孩子穿衣服
put on
穿上
短暂动作
Put on your hat. 戴上你的帽子。
wear
穿着;戴着
持续状态
She wears a red dress. 她穿着一条红连衣裙。
be in
穿着
持续状态,后常接表示颜色的名词
She is in a white dress.
她穿着一条白色的连衣裙。
【小口诀】
dress宾语要接人,put on表动作,wear表状态; dress up来装扮,in接衣物 as接人物。
5. remind v. 提醒;使想起
【句型】
①remind sb. of sth. 使某人记起某事
I like these photos and they can remind me of the life living in the countryside. 我喜欢这些照片,它们能让我想起农村的生活。
②remind sb.(not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不)去做某事。
Please remind me to turn off the light. 请提醒我关灯。
③ remind sb. + that从句
It reminds us that war is terrible and peace does not come easily. 它提醒我们,战争是可怕的,和平来之不易
6. keep away from 远离;避开;不接近
【句型】
①keep away from + 名词/代词/动名词
Keep away from the fire. 远离火源。
Keep away from smoking. 远离吸烟
②keep sb./sth. away from… 使某人/某物远离……
We should keep children away from dangerous places. 我们应该让孩子远离危险的地方。
③keep oneself away from… 使自己远离……
You should keep yourself away from bad habits. 你应当远离坏习惯。
被动句式:be kept away from 被远离;被阻隔
Patients must be kept away from others. 病人必须与其他人隔离开。
【短语辨析】
keep away from / keep…off / keep out of / keep from doing sth
短语
释义
例句
keep away from
远离,避开
Keep away from the dog. 远离那条狗。
keep…off
不接触;避开;使……不靠近
Keep your hands off the machine. 手别碰机器。
keep out of
置身事外;不卷入
Keep out of the trouble. 别卷入麻烦。
keep from doing sth.
克制、不做某事
He could hardly keep from laughing. 他忍不住笑了。
7. What do you think of…你认为……怎么样?(用于询问对方对人/事物的看法、评价)
【句型】
①What do you think of + 名词/代词
What do you think of this movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样?
②What do you think of + doing sth. 你觉得做某事怎么样(提建议)
What do you think of going hiking this weekend? 你觉得这周末去徒步怎么样?
③同义句型:How do you like …?
How do you like this city? 你觉得这座城市怎么样?
回答:直接表达评价(great / wonderful / boring / terrible)
—What do you think of the book? —I think it’s very interesting.
——你觉得这本书怎么样? ——我认为它很有趣。
【易混辨析】
句型
含义
注意点
What do you think of…
你认为……怎么样
what搭配of,后接n./doing
How do you like…
你认为……怎么样
how后面不加of
How do you feel about…
你对……感受如何
侧重内心感受
8. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ v. 想知道;感到疑惑;对……感到惊奇 n. [C/U] 奇迹;奇观
【句型】
▶ 作动词 v.
①wonder + 宾语从句(想知道……)
▷ wonder + who/what/why/where等特殊疑问词从句(陈述语序)
I wonder what he wants. 我想知道他想要什么。
▷ wonder + if / whether 从句(委婉询问“是否”)
I wonder if you can give me some advice. 不知你能否给我一些建议。
②wonder + 疑问词 + to do(疑问词:who/what/where/when…;if/whether不接to do)
I wonder what to do next. 我想知道接下来该做什么。
She wonders where to go. 她想知道该去哪里。
句型转换考点: I wonder what I should do next. = I wonder what to do next.
③wonder at sth. 对……感到惊讶
We wonder at his courage. 我们对他的勇气感到惊叹。
▶ 作名词 n.
①a wonder 一件奇迹;奇观
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. 长城是世界奇观之一。
②It’s a wonder (that)… ……真是个奇迹
It’s a wonder that he passed the difficult exam. 他通过这么难的考试,真是个奇迹。
③no wonder (that)… 难怪……
No wonder (that) he is tired. He stayed up late. 难怪他很累,他熬夜了。
9. regret /rɪˈɡret/ v. 后悔;遗憾;惋惜 n. [U/C] 遗憾;懊悔
【句型】
▶ 作动词 v.
①regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(事情已经发生)
I regret telling him the secret. 我后悔把秘密告诉了他。
②regret to do sth. 遗憾要去做某事(事情还未做,多用于tell / inform / say 等动词)
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你,你考试没及格。
核心区分:doing后悔已做;to do遗憾将要告知。
1 regret + that从句 后悔/遗憾……
He regrets that he didn’t take the chance. 他后悔没有抓住那次机会。
▶ 作名词 n.
1 with regret 遗憾地;惋惜地(作状语)
He refused my invitation with regret. 他遗憾地拒绝了我的邀请。
2 to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是
To my great regret, I missed the wonderful show. 令我非常遗憾的是,我错过了那场精彩的演出。
10. do the same 做同样的事;照做
same 前面必须加the。
【句型】
1 do the same (单独使用,省略后面内容)
If you start, I will do the same. 如果你开始,我也照做。
2 do the same as… 和……做同样的事(as引导比较)
He did the same as me. 他和我做了同样的事。
My sister does the same as I do. 我妹妹和我做一样的事情。
3 do the same thing 做同样一件事(thing可加上,语义一致)
She does the same thing every morning. 她每天早上都做同样的事。
11.steal /stiːl/ v. 偷;窃取;偷盗
不规则变化:stealstolestolen
【句型】
1 steal sth. 偷某物
Someone stole his bike. 有人偷了他的自行车。
2 steal sth. from sb./somewhere 从某人/某处偷走某物(高频固定搭配)
A thief stole money from the shop. 一个小偷从这家商店偷走了钱。
He stole a wallet from the old man. 他偷了那位老人的钱包。
【词义辨析】 steal / rob
单词
核心结构
含义
例句
steal
steal sth. from sb./sp.
偷(宾语是物)
He stole a bag from her. 他偷了她的包。
rob
rob sb./sp. of sth.
抢劫(宾语是人/地点)
The man robbed her of her bag. 那个人抢了她的包。
12.admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 欣赏;仰慕;钦佩;赞美
【句型】
1 admire sb./sth. 钦佩/欣赏某人/某物
We admire the hardworking heroes. 我们钦佩那些勤奋的英雄。
People admire the bright full moon on MidAutumn night. 中秋夜晚人们欣赏皎洁的满月。
2 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩/仰慕某人
I admire him for his courage. 我因他的勇气而钦佩他。
She admires her mother for her kindness. 她敬佩妈妈的善良。
注意:admire后面不接that从句。
【拓展】admiration n. 钦佩;赞赏 have admiration for sb. 钦佩某人
I have great admiration for these artists. 我十分敬佩这些艺术家。
【词义辨析】 admire / praise
单词
核心用法
含义
例句
admire
admire sb./sth.;admire sb. for sth.
钦佩、仰慕;欣赏(发自内心的敬佩、观赏景物)
I admire him for his hard work. 我敬佩他的勤奋。
praise
praise sb. for sth.
表扬、夸奖(口头赞扬)
The teacher praised him for his progress. 老师表扬他取得进步。
13. shame /ʃeɪm/ n. 遗憾;可惜;羞愧,耻辱 v. 使羞愧;使蒙羞
【句型】
▶ 作名词 n.(中考重点)
①It is a shame (that)… …真是可惜/遗憾(it形式主语,that可省略)
It is a shame that you missed the celebration. 真可惜你错过了这场庆祝活动。
②What a shame! 真可惜!
What a shame! It rains on the festival. 真可惜!过节下雨了。
③a shame to do sth. 做某事真是遗憾
It’s a shame to waste so much good food. 浪费这么多好吃的,真是可惜。
④feel shame 感到羞愧、惭愧
He felt shame for his mistakes. 他为自己的错误感到羞愧。
▶ 作动词 v.
shame sb. 使某人感到羞愧
His bad behavior shamed his family. 他的不良行为让家人蒙羞。
【词形拓展】
shameful adj. 可耻的(修饰事物、行为) a shameful mistake 一个可耻的错误
That is a shameful act. 那是可耻的行为。
ashamed adj. 感到羞愧的(修饰人,人的感受) be ashamed of sb./sth. 对……感到羞愧
He is ashamed of his fault. 他为自己的过错感到羞愧。
辨析表格
补充同义:pity
It is a shame = It is a pity 真可惜
14.consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ v. 考虑;认为;把……看作
【句型】
①consider doing sth. 考虑做某事(后面不能接to do)
I am considering visiting the old town. 我正在考虑去参观这座古城。
② consider sb./sth. (as / to be) + n./adj. 认为/把……看作……
as 和 to be 均可省略
Chinese people consider the Spring Festival (to be) the most important festival. 中国人把春节看作最重要的节日。
We consider him (as) our hero. 我们把他看作我们的英雄。
被动结构:be considered (as / to be)… 被看作……
This place is considered (to be) a symbol of the city. 这个地方被视作这座城市的象征。
③consider + 宾语从句 认为……
We consider that he is right. 我们认为他是对的。
【词形拓展】
consideration n. 考虑;体谅 take …into consideration 把……考虑在内
【易混辨析】 consider / regard
单词
核心搭配
备注
例句
consider
consider sb/sth (as/to be)…
as/to be常可以省略
We consider it (to be) great fun. 我们认为它很有趣。
regard
regard sb/sth as …
as不能省略
We regard him as our friend. 我们把他当作朋友。
15.reunite /ˌriːjuˈnaɪt/ v.(使)重聚;团聚;重逢
【句型】
1 reunite with sb. 与某人团聚/重逢
They reunite with their family during the Spring Festival. 春节期间他们和家人团聚。
2 reunite sb. with sb. 使某人与……重聚
The story reunites the lost kid with his parents. 这个故事让走失的孩子重新回到父母身边。
3 reunite(不及物,直接作谓语)
All the family members reunite for the big dinner. 全家人团聚在一起吃年夜饭。
【词形拓展】
reunion n. 团聚;重聚 a family reunion 家庭团聚
It is a time for family reunions. 这是阖家团圆的时节。
【同义替换】
reunite with sb. = get together with sb. = come together with sb. 与某人团聚
【辨析】 reunite / get together
单词/短语
核心搭配
侧重点
例句
reunite
reunite with sb.
久别之后再次团聚、重逢,暗含“分开之后再相聚”
People reunite with their relatives for the festival.人们节日和亲人团聚。
get together
get together (with sb.)
泛指相聚,不一定曾经分离
We get together every weekend.我们每周末相聚。
16. count down 动词短语:倒计时
【句型】
1 count down (to sth.) 为……倒计时(to后接名词,表目标时刻/事件)
Hundreds of people count down to midnight on New Year’s Eve. 数百人在除夕午夜进行倒计时。
2 count sth down 倒数……(代词放中间)
They counted the last ten seconds down. 他们倒数最后的十秒钟。
词形拓展
countdown n. 倒计时(合成名词,连写) the countdown to New Year 新年倒计时
【辨析】 count down / count on / count
短语/单词
核心含义
搭配
例句
count down
倒计时
count down to + 事件/时刻
We count down to the Spring Festival. 我们为春节倒计时。
count on sb.
依靠、指望某人
count on sb. (to do sth.)
You can count on him. 你可以指望他。
count v.
数数;计算总数
count from 1 to 10 从1数到10
Please count the apples. 请数一下苹果。
二、核心语法精讲
简单句(simple sentences)
1.定义:简单句通常只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成,按结构分为五大基本句型。
2.五大基本句型。
①主谓 S+V(不及物动词,后面不加宾语)
主语 + 谓语(不及物动词)
The sun rises. 太阳升起。
Many people gathered. 很多人聚集。
②主谓宾 S+V+O(及物动词,后面接宾语)
主语 + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语
We celebrate the festival. 我们庆祝这个节日。
They set off fireworks. 他们燃放烟花。
③主谓双宾 S+V+IO+DO
主语 +谓语 +间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
give / show / send / wish 这类动词
He wishes us good luck. 他祝我们好运。
④主谓宾补 S+V+O+C
主语 +谓语 +宾语 +宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
We call him a hero. 我们称他为英雄。
We see them dancing. 我们看见他们跳舞。
⑤主系表 S+LinkV+P
主语 +系动词 +表语(名词/形容词/介词短语)
系动词分类:
①be动词:am/is/are/was/were
②感官系动词:look,sound,smell,taste,feel
③变化/保持系动词:become,get,turn,keep,stay
The music sounds wonderful. 音乐听起来很棒。
并列句(compound sentences)
1.定义:由并列连词 and,or, but 等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。
2.核心:每个分句都有自己完整主谓;分句之间地位平等,没有主句、从句之分。
3.常用并列连词(四大类)
连词
含义
逻辑
例句
and
和;并且
并列、顺承、递进
People gather and they celebrate the festival together.人们聚在一起,共同庆祝节日。
but
但是
转折
The festival is fun, but it is very noisy.这个节日很有趣,但是很吵闹。
or
或者;否则
选择 / 警告
Hurry up, or you will miss the parade.快点,否则你会错过游行。
so
所以
因果(结果)
It was late, so they went home.天色已晚,所以他们回家了。
复合句(complex sentences)
1.定义:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。
2.连接方式:主句和从句之间通常由从属连词(如 when, if, because)或关系词(如 who, which, that)连接。
3.特点:从句在主句中充当某个成分(如主语、宾语、定语、状语等)。
4.复合句的三大分类(按功能分)。通常分为:名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句。
(1)名词性从句 (Noun Clauses) —— “从句是个名词”
口诀:从句在主句中起名词作用(作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)。
①宾语从句 (Object Clause)
位置:动词或介词后面。
例子:I wonder if the two water festivals are similar. (作 wonder 的宾语)
引导词:that (陈述), if/whether (是否), wh-词 (what, where, who等)。
②主语从句 (Subject Clause)
位置:句子开头作主语,或者用 It 作形式主语。
例子:What he said is true. / It is obvious that he is lying.
③表语从句 (Predicative Clause)
位置:系动词(be, seem, look)之后。
例子:The question is whether we can finish it on time.
(2)定语从句 (Attributive Clauses) —— “从句是个形容词”
口诀:从句用来修饰前面的名词(先行词),相当于一个长长的形容词。
结构:先行词 + 关系词 + 从句。
关系代词:who (指人), which (指物), that (人或物), whose (所属关系)。
关系副词:where (地点), when (时间), why (原因)。
例子:
The man who is standing there is my teacher. (修饰 man)
I like the book which you bought yesterday. (修饰 book)
(3)状语从句 (Adverbial Clauses) —— “从句是个副词”
口诀:从句用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子,表示时间、地点、原因、条件等背景信息。
这是种类最多的一类,需要分类记忆:
类型
常用连词
例句
时间
when, while, as, before, after, until
I will call you when I arrive.
条件
if, unless (除非), as long as (只要)
If it rains, we will stay at home.
原因
because, since, as
He didn't come because he was ill.
结果
so...that, such...that
He ran so fast that he won the race.
目的
so that, in order that
He got up early so that he could catch the bus.
让步
although, though, even if
Although he is old, he is strong.
比较
than, as...as
He runs faster than I do.
5.核心考点:
(1)语序问题:
名词性从句(特别是宾语从句)必须用陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后)。
错:I don't know where is he.
对:I don't know where he is.
(2)时态呼应:
三条总规则:
规则①:主句是现在时态(一般现在、现在进行、现在完成)
从句时态根据实际句意,该用什么时态就用什么时态,不受主句约束。
主句:I know / I think / I wonder / I have heard
例句:
I know (现在) that he lives here.(一般现在,现在事实) 我知道他住在这里。
I know that he lived here ten years ago.(一般过去,过去事情) 我知道十年前他住在这里。
I know that he will live here soon.(一般将来,将来) 我知道他很快将要住在这里。
规则②:主句是过去时态(一般过去、过去进行、过去完成)
从句通常必须改为对应的过去类时态(时态往“过去”退一格)
原时态
改从句时态
例句
一般现在
一般过去
He said (过去) that he was busy. 他说他很忙。
现在进行
过去进行
She told me that she was reading books. 她告诉我她当时正在看书。
一般将来
过去将来
They hoped that they would visit the festival.
他们希望可以去参观这个节日。
现在完成
过去完成
He said that he had finished his work.
他说他已经完成了工作。
规则③:特例:客观真理、客观事实、永恒不变的常识
即使主句是过去时,从句仍然用一般现在时,不后退时态!
例句:
The teacher told us (过去) that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉我们:地球绕着太阳转。(客观真理,不变,用goes,不用went)
He said that the Spring Festival falls in January or February. 他说春节在一月或者二月。(客观民俗事实)
(3)连词的选择:
①although/though(虽然)不能和 but 连用
Although it is cold, people go into the streets.
②because(因为)不能和 so 连用
Because he was tired, he stayed at home.
(中文习惯说“因为...所以...”,英文只能二选一)。
(4)That 的省略:
在宾语从句中,引导词 that 经常可以省略;但在主语从句、表语从句中通常不省略。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元的写作任务通常是介绍一个中国传统节日(如春节、中秋节、端午节等)或对比中外节日。
核心目标:向他人(通常是外国朋友)介绍节日的名称、时间、起源/传说、主要习俗以及节日的意义。
①写作要点:
When:节日的具体时间(农历/公历)。
What:节日的名称及起源故事(如嫦娥奔月、屈原投江)。
How:人们如何庆祝(食物、活动、装饰)。
Why:节日的象征意义(团圆、感恩、爱国等)。
②时态运用:
介绍习俗、事实真理时用一般现在时。
讲述传说故事、历史起源时用一般过去时。
2. 写作框架
建议采用“总—分—总”的三段式结构,逻辑清晰。
第一段:引入主题
点明要介绍的节日名称及其重要性。
句型示例:Among all the traditional festivals in China, the Mid-Autumn Festival is my favorite. / The Spring Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people.
第二段:详细介绍(主体)
时间与起源:简要提及时间或相关传说。
庆祝活动:详细描写人们做什么(吃特定食物、家庭聚会、看表演等)。
连接词:First, ...; Besides, ...; Also, ...; On that day, ...
第三段:总结意义与感受
表达自己对节日的喜爱或节日的精神内涵。
句型示例:I really enjoy this festival because... / It is a time for family reunion. / I hope you can come to China and experience it.
3. 写作素材
积累以下词汇和句型,能让文章更地道、丰富。
①核心词汇
节日名称:the Spring Festival (春节), the Lantern Festival (元宵节), the Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节), the Dragon Boat Festival (端午节).
活动动词:celebrate (庆祝), admire (欣赏), reunite (团聚), decorate (装饰), worship (祭祀/供奉).
特色名词:mooncake (月饼), lantern (灯笼), dragon boat (龙舟), couplet (对联), reunion dinner (团圆饭).
形容词:traditional (传统的), symbolic (象征性的), lively (热闹的), meaningful (有意义的).
②重点句型
描述时间:It falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month. (它在农历八月十五。)
描述习俗:People usually get together to have a big dinner. (人们通常聚在一起吃大餐。)
描述象征:Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon, symbolizing reunion. (月饼呈满月状,象征着团圆。)
描述感受:It reminds me of my family and friends. (它让我想起我的家人和朋友。)
4. 范文背诵
背诵范文是内化语言的最佳途径。以下是一篇关于中秋节的经典范文。
Topic: The Mid-Autumn Festival
The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It usually comes in September or October.
On this day, family members try their best to come back home for a reunion. In the evening, we sit together in the yard, admiring the bright full moon and eating delicious mooncakes. Mooncakes are round, which means "reunion" in Chinese culture. There is also a beautiful story about Chang'e flying to the moon, which adds mystery to the festival.
I love this festival not only for the tasty food but also for the warm feeling of being with my family. It represents love and harmony.
易错点01 动词辨析celebrate / congratulate
【助记口诀】 celebrate庆事不庆人,congratulate贺人on来跟
【错因辨析】
celebrate:宾语只能是事情、节日、生日、胜利,不能接人。侧重“庆祝某个事件”。
例:celebrate the Spring Festival 庆祝春节
congratulate:宾语只能是人;
固定搭配 congratulate sb. on sth.,表示“因某事祝贺某人”。
汉语思维误区:中文可以说“庆祝某人”,英语不能直译,祝贺人必须用congratulate。
错句: We celebrate him on his success. 正确:We congratulate him on his success.
错句:We congratulate the festival. 正确: We celebrate the festival.
【对点训练】
1. We will ____ his birthday and ____ him on his big success.
A. celebrate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
【答案】A
【解析】第一空后面是his birthday(事件),用celebrate;第二空后面是him(人),congratulate sb. on sth. 为固定搭配,故选A。
2. All the villagers ____ the traditional festival and ____ the young man on his prize.
A. congratulate; celebrate B. celebrate; congratulate C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
【答案】B
【解析】 第一空 the traditional festival 为节日事件,用 celebrate;第二空 the young man 是人,用 congratulate。 故选B。
3.—We won the game! —Let’s ____ it, and I also want to ____ you on your excellent performance.
A. congratulate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate C. celebrate; celebrate D. celebrate; congratulate【答案】D
【解析】第一空 it 指代胜利这件事,用 celebrate;第二空后面 you 指人,congratulate sb. on sth.。故选D。
易错点02 动词短语辨析 set off/set out
【助记口诀】 set变形不变形,代词要放短语中;set off放烟花,set out着手行
【错因辨析】
不规则变化:setsetset,不要写成seted。
多层含义:
①set off 燃放(烟花、爆竹);set off for+地点“动身前往”;set sth off 使某物爆炸;触发;引发
例如:
People set off fireworks to celebrate the festival. 人们燃放烟花庆祝节日。
We set off for home early on New Year’s Eve. 除夕我们早早动身回家。
The noise set off the car alarm. 响声触发了汽车警报。
②set out动身出发;着手做;代词作宾语,必须放中间 set them off。
set out for+地点;set out to do sth. 着手做某事
例如:
We set out for the airport early in the morning to avoid traffic. 为了避开交通拥堵,我们一大早就动身前往机场。
He set out to finish the task. 他着手完成这项任务。
易混区分:set off fireworks 燃放烟花;set out to do sth. 着手做某事,不能用set out表示燃放烟花。
错句: They set out fireworks to celebrate. 正确:They set off fireworks to celebrate.
错句: The children set off them. 正确:The children set them off.
【对点训练】
1. People ____ fireworks to celebrate the festival. Remember to put them out after you ____.
A. set off; set off B. set out; set out C. set off; set them off
【答案】C
【解析】 燃放烟花用set off;代词them置于set与off中间。故选C。
2.They ____ for the square early in the morning and they planned to ____ fireworks there.
A. set off; set off B. set out; set out C. set off; set out
【答案】A
【解析】 set off for+地点“动身前往”;set off fireworks燃放烟花。故选A。
3.The kids are playing with firecrackers. Don’t ____.
A. set off them B. set them off C. set out them
【答案】B
【解析】 代词必须放短语中间:set them off。
易错点03 throughout / all over
【助记口诀】 throughout可时可地,all over只管地
【错因辨析】
①throughout 介词,后面既可以接地点(遍及),也可以接时间(从头到尾,毫无遗漏)。
②all over 只能接地点,不能接时间名词。
错句: It rained all over the night.
正确: It rained throughout the night.
正确:People have parties throughout / all over the city.
【对点训练】
1.People hold all kinds of activities ____ the whole year.
A. all over B. throughout C. on
【答案】B
【解析】 the whole year是时间,all over不能接时间,选throughout。
2.____ the country, families get together for special meals ____ the festival.
A. All over; all over B. Throughout; all over C. All over; throughout
【答案】C
【解析】第一空后the country是地点,all over和throughout均可接地点;第二空后the festival属于时间,all over 只可接地点,不能接时间名词,只能用throughout,因此选 C。
3.Music could be heard ____ the night during the big celebration.
A. all over B. throughout C. across
【答案】B
【解析】the night为时间,用throughout,表示“整整一整夜”。
易错点04 动词辨析wish/hope
【助记口诀】
wish 可接双宾语,虚拟语气表遗憾;
hope 不接 sb. to do,真实愿望用从句。
【错因辨析】
wish 的用法:
① wish sb. sth.(祝愿某人……,表真实愿望)。
② wish + that从句(常表难以实现或不可能实现的愿望,从句需用虚拟语气)。
hope 的用法:
① hope to do sth.(希望做某事)。
② hope + that从句(希望发生某事,表有可能实现的愿望)。
⚠️ 绝对禁忌:英语中没有 hope sb. to do sth. 这个结构!
汉语思维干扰:中文习惯说“希望某人做某事”,学生极易受母语影响直译为 hope sb. to do。
错句:I hope you to experience the carnival.
正确: I hope that you can experience the carnival.
正确:I wish you good luck.
【对点训练】
1. I ____ you a happy new year and I ____ you can come one day.
A. wish; hope B. hope; wish C. wish; wish
【答案】A
【解析】第一空为 wish sb. sth.(双宾语结构);第二空为 hope + that从句(表有可能实现的愿望), 故选A。
2.My best friend ____ me good luck and she ____ I will have fun in the celebration.
A. wishes; hopes B. hopes; wishes C. wishes; wishes
【答案】A
【解析】第一空为 wish sb. sth.;第二空为 hope + that从句。故选A。
3. Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. I hope him to join the parade. B. I wish him good luck. C. I wish him to good luck.
【答案】B
【解析】A项 hope sb. to do 是错误结构;C项 wish sb. to sth. 介词多余;B项 wish sb. sth. 为正确的双宾语结构。故选B。
4. (进阶拔高题)I wish I ____ a bird, but I have to study for the exam now.
A. am B. was C. were
【答案】C
【解析】考查 wish 引导的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去式,且 be 动词在虚拟语气中通常统一用 were。故选C。
易错点 05 名词辨析 costume/clothes
【助记口诀】
clothes 泛指日常衣,复数形式要牢记;
costume 特指演出服,节日装扮也用它。
【错因辨析】
clothes 的用法:
① 泛指“衣服、服装”的总称,无单数形式,作主语时谓语动词用复数。
② 不能与具体数字连用(❌ two clothes),需用 pieces of clothes 或具体名词(如 shirts, coats)。
③ 常见搭配:put on clothes(穿衣服)、change clothes(换衣服)、wash clothes(洗衣服)。
costume 的用法:
① 特指“戏装、演出服”或“特定场合/时代的服装”(如万圣节服装、民族服装、舞台服装)。
② 作可数名词,单数 a costume,复数 costumes。
③ 常见搭配:wear a costume(穿演出服)、costume party(化装舞会)、traditional costume(传统服饰)。
绝对禁忌:不要用 costume 指代日常穿的衣服!
汉语思维干扰:中文常说“这套衣服很好看”,学生易受母语影响,将日常服装也译为 costume。
错句:I like your new costume.(除非对方真的穿着戏装/奇装异服)
正确:I like your new clothes / outfit.
正确:She wore a beautiful costume for the Halloween party.
【对点训练】
1.The actors changed their ____ quickly before the next scene.
A. costume B. clothes C. clothing
【答案】B
【解析】 演员在场景间更换的通常是日常便服或内搭,且 clothes 为复数概念,符合语境;costume 多指整套戏装,一般不在场景间隙频繁更换;clothing 为集合名词,不可数,不与 their 直接搭配表具体衣物。故选 B。
2.All the children wore funny ____ for the school festival.
A. clothes B. costumes C. cloth
【答案】B
【解析】 学校节日(school festival)通常涉及主题装扮,wear funny costumes 为固定搭配,指“穿有趣的演出服/化装服”。clothes 过于泛泛,cloth 意为“布料”。故选 B。
3.Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. She bought three costumes for daily wear.
B. His clothes is very expensive.
C. The traditional costume of this region is silk.
【答案】C
【解析】 A 项 costume 不用于 daily wear(日常穿着);B 项 clothes 作主语谓语应用复数 are;C 项 traditional costume 指“传统服饰/民族服装”,用法正确。故选 C。
4.(进阶拔高题)Although she wore casual ____ to the office, she changed into a historical ____ for the evening performance.
A. clothes; costume B. costume; clothes C. clothing; clothing
【答案】A
【解析】 第一空指日常办公穿着,用 clothes;第二空指晚间演出的历史戏装,用 costume。clothing 为不可数集合名词,不能与 a historical 搭配。故选 A。
一、根据所给提示填空
1.春节是家人们团聚的时刻。
The Spring Festival is a time for people to ________ ________ their family members.
2.除夕夜很多人燃放烟花来辞旧迎新。
Many people ________ ________ fireworks to welcome the new year on New Year’s Eve.
3.这项节日活动在全国举办。 The festival activities are held ________ ________ the country.
4.我想知道你是否了解墨西哥亡灵节。
I ________ ________ you know about the Day of the Dead in Mexico.
5.我们认为春节是中国最重要的节日。
We ________ the Spring Festival ________ the most important festival in China.
【答案】1.reunite with 2.set off 3.all over / throughout 4.wonder if/whether 5.consider/regard;as
【解析】 1.中文句意中的“团聚”在英语中对应的精准动词是 reunite(重聚,团圆)。结合后面的宾语 their family members(他们的家人),需要加上介词 with,构成 reunite with sb.(与某人团聚)。因为空格前是不定式符号 to,所以动词保持原形即可。故填reunite with。
2.中文句意中的“燃放(烟花)”对应的英语固定搭配是 set off fireworks。结合语境“除夕夜”(On New Year's Eve),描述的是客观事实或普遍现象,句子时态应使用一般现在时。主语 Many people 是复数,因此动词使用原形 set off。
3.中文句意中的“在全国”表示范围遍及全国,英语中常使用固定短语 all over the country(全国各地)来表达。结合给出的两个空格,填写 all over 最为契合。(注:若只有一个空格,也可填写throughout,即 throughout the country)。
4.中文句意中的“想知道”对应动词 wonder;“是否”对应连词 if 或 whether。结合语境,描述的是说话人当前的心理状态,时态使用一般现在时。主语 I 是第一人称单数,动词用原形 wonder,因此填写 wonder if 或 wonder whether 均可。
5.中文句意中的“认为……是……”在英语中有多种表达。结合题目给出的两个空格,最符合的固定搭配是 regard A as B(把A看作/认为A是B)或 consider A as B。第一空填写动词原形 consider 或 regard,第二空填写介词 as,构成完整的句型。
二、单项选择
1.We will ____ the Spring Festival and ____ our cousin on his success.
A. celebrate; congratulate B. congratulate; celebrate
C. celebrate; celebrate D. congratulate; congratulate
2.—I ____ you a wonderful holiday. —I ____ that I can experience the Brazilian Carnival one day.
A. hope; hope B. hope; wish C. wish; wish D. wish; hope
3.During the Rio Carnival, performers wear special ____ for the street parades.
A. a clothes B. cloth C. costumes D. clothing
4.____ the festival is full of fun, ____ it is also very noisy.
A. Although; but B. Though; / C. Because; so D. /; although
5.Please ____ the dangerous firecrackers. They may hurt you.
A. keep on B. keep away from C. keep up with D. keep in touch with
【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.B
【解析】1.第一空:中文意为“庆祝春节”,celebrate 意为“庆祝(节日、生日等)”,符合语境;第二空:中文意为“祝贺表亲的成功”,congratulate sb. on sth. 是固定搭配,意为“因某事祝贺某人”。congratulate 不能直接接节日作宾语,celebrate 也不能接 sb. on sth. 的结构。故选 A。
2.第一空:中文意为“祝你有个美好的假期”,wish sb. sth. 是固定双宾语结构,意为“祝愿某人……”;第二空:中文意为“希望有一天能体验……”,hope + that 从句 表示有可能实现的愿望。hope 不能接双宾语(❌ hope you a holiday),wish 接 that 从句时通常表虚拟语气(难以实现的愿望),而“体验狂欢节”是真实愿望,故用 hope。故选 D。
3.中文意为“表演者穿着特殊的服装”,此处特指狂欢节游行穿的“戏装、演出服”,应用 costume。clothes 是复数名词,不能与 a 连用(❌ a clothes);cloth 意为“布料”,不可数;clothing 是集合名词,泛指“衣服”,不特指演出服,且通常不与 a 连用。costumes 为可数名词复数,符合 wear special costumes 的语境。故选 C。
4.中文意为“虽然节日充满乐趣,但它也很吵”,考查连词用法。Although/Though(虽然)与 but(但是)在英语中不能同时出现在一个句子里,即“二选一”原则。A 项 Although... but... 是典型的中式英语错误;C 项 Because... so... 同理错误;D 项语序错误,although 不能放在主句后作并列连词。B 项 Though 引导让步状语从句,主句前不加 but,符合语法规则。故选 B。
5.中文意为“请远离危险的鞭炮,它们可能会伤到你”。keep away from 意为“远离,避开”,符合“危险物品”的语境;keep on 意为“继续”;keep up with 意为“跟上,保持同步”;keep in touch with 意为“与……保持联系”。根据后文 They may hurt you 的提示,应选“远离”。故选 B。
三、句型转换
1.It is a shame that you missed the parade.(改为同义句)
____ ____ ____ that you missed the parade.
2.Although the festival is wonderful, it is very noisy.(改为同义句,用but)
The festival is wonderful, ____ ____ very noisy.
3.He regretted that he missed the street show.(改为简单句)
He regretted ____ the street show.
4.We get together and we enjoy special food.(合并为简单句)
We get together ____ ____ special food.
5.It is a time for people to reunite with family.(同义转换)
It is a time ____ people ____ reunite with family.
【答案】1.It's a pity 2.but it’s 3. missing 4.and enjoy 5. when; can
【解析】1.原句 It is a shame that...(……真遗憾)中,a shame 可与 a pity 互换,表达"真遗憾、真可惜"。将 It is 缩写为 It's,构成 It's a pity that...,句意不变。故填 It's a pity。
2.原句用 Although(虽然)引导让步状语从句,英语中 although/though 与 but 不能同时出现在一个句子里("二选一"原则)。题目要求用 but 改写,则去掉 Although,主句前加 but 表转折,it is 缩写为 it's,构成 The festival is wonderful, but it's very noisy.(这个节日很棒,但非常吵。)故选 but it's。
3.regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做过某事”。将原句中的从句 that he missed 直接转换为动名词 missing,句意和语法都完全没问题。故填missing。
4.原句 We get together and we enjoy special food. 是由 and 连接的两个并列分句。在合并为简单句时,可以省略第二个主语 we,直接保留连词 and 和动词原形 enjoy,构成并列谓语结构。因此,填 and enjoy 语法完全正确,句意也没有发生任何改变。
5.原句 It is a time for people to reunite with family. 使用了固定句型 It is a time for sb. to do sth.(是某人做某事的时候了)。
你填入 when 引导定语从句修饰 time,再加上 can 表示"能够",构成 It is a time when people can reunite with family.(这是人们能够与家人团聚的时候了),语法和句意都完全正确,与原句构成同义转换。 故填 when; can。
四、阅读理解
A
The Stories Behind Chinese Festivals
Chinese festivals are rich in history and meaning. Each festival has its own origin story and customs that have been passed down for generations. The Spring Festival, for example, is the most important festival in China. It is celebrated with family reunions, fireworks, and the giving of red envelopes. The story of Nian, a monster that was afraid of red and loud noises, is the origin of many Spring Festival traditions.
The Dragon Boat Festival remembers the poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in a river. People race dragon boats and eat zongzi to honor him. The Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family gatherings and moon-watching. It is associated with the legend of Chang'e, who lives on the moon. These festivals not only bring people together but also pass on cultural values and memories.
In recent years, some Chinese festivals have become popular in other countries as well. For instance, the Spring Festival is now celebrated in many cities around the world. This shows how culture can cross borders and connect people. The writer of this passage believes that festivals are an important part of China's intangible cultural heritage.
1.What is the Spring Festival's origin story about?
A.A poet who drowned himself. B.A monster called Nian.
C.A woman who lives on the moon. D.A great emperor.
2.What do people do to honor Qu Yuan during the Dragon Boat Festival?
A.Give red envelopes. B.Race dragon boats and eat zongzi.
C.Watch the moon. D.Set off fireworks.
3.What is the Mid-Autumn Festival associated with?
A.The story of Nian. B.The legend of Chang’e.
C.The poet Qu Yuan. D.The Tibetan New Year.
4.What does the writer think about Chinese festivals?
A.They are not important today. B.They are part of intangible cultural heritage.
C.They should not be celebrated abroad. D.They are only for children.
5.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce the stories and meanings behind Chinese festivals.
B.To compare Chinese festivals with Western festivals.
C.To teach how to celebrate the Spring Festival.
D.To explain why festivals are boring.
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了春节、端午、中秋三大传统节日的起源典故、民俗习俗,说明节日的文化价值、传承意义以及海外传播现状,点明传统节日属于我国非物质文化遗产。
【详解】1.根据第一段最后一句“The story of Nian, a monster that was afraid of red and loud noises, is the origin of many Spring Festival traditions.”可知,春节的起源故事是关于一个叫“年”的怪兽。
2.根据第二段第二句“People race dragon boats and eat zongzi to honor him.”可知,人们通过赛龙舟和吃粽子来纪念屈原。
3.根据第二段第四句“It is associated with the legend of Chang’e, who lives on the moon.”可知,中秋节与嫦娥的传说有关。
4.根据第三段最后一句“The writer of this passage believes that festivals are an important part of China’s intangible cultural heritage.”可知,作者认为节日是中国非物质文化遗产的重要组成部分。
5.通读全文,文章标题为“The Stories Behind Chinese Festivals”,内容主要介绍了春节、端午节和中秋节背后的故事、习俗及意义。
B
The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. So it is also called the Double Ninth Festival. To celebrate the day, people usually climb mountains and enjoy chrysanthemum (菊花), so the festival is also known as the Height Ascending (登高) Festival or the Chrysanthemum Festival. Nine has a similar pronunciation to “forever”. So it’s also called the Seniors’ Day.
During the Warring States Period, the Chongyang Festival was only celebrated in the imperial palace (皇宫). From the Han Dynasty, it began to be popular among the common people. During the Jin Dynasty, there were customs of enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking wine on the day. It was not officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes and climbed the mountain to celebrate. Chrysanthemum means long life, so enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking chrysanthemum tea are also popular. Eating Chongyang cakes is another tradition on the festival.
1.How many other names does the Chongyang Festival have?
A.One. B.Three. C.Two. D.Four.
2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “officially”?
A.民间地 B.官方地 C.工厂 D.办公室
3.How did the people celebrate the Chongyang Festival in the Ming and Qing Dynasties?
A.Eating flower cakes. B.Climbing the mountain.
C.Enjoying chrysanthemum and drinking. D.A and B.
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.The Chongyang Festival
B.Some other names of the Chongyang Festival
C.Traditions of the Chongyang Festival
D.The meaning of the Chongyang Festival
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了重阳节的日期、各类别称、从战国到明清的发展演变历程,以及登高、赏菊、饮酒、吃花糕等传统习俗和祈求长寿的文化内涵。
【详解】1.根据文章第一段内容,重阳节的别称有:the Double Ninth Festival(重九节)、the Height Ascending Festival(登高节)、the Chrysanthemum Festival(菊花节)以及 the Seniors’ Day(老人节),共计四个名字。
2.根据第二段前两句及划线词所在句子“It was not officially set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty.”可知,该节日此前仅在皇宫或民间流行,直到唐朝才被政府正式定为节日。因此officially表示“官方地、正式地”。
3.根据文章第二段第五句“In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people in the imperial palace all ate flower cakes and climbed the mountain to celebrate.”可知,明清时期皇宫里的人通过吃花糕和爬山来庆祝。
4.本文全面介绍了重阳节的别称、历史起源以及不同朝代的庆祝习俗,选项A“重阳节”最能概括全文主旨,其他选项均只涵盖了文章的部分内容。
五、完形填空
The 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar (阴历) in China is the Lantern Festival. It’s 1 important festival in China. Chinese people celebrate it in many ways. In the evening, 2 lantern shows in parks and streets. Lanterns are often red 3 the Chinese think red stands for happiness and good luck.
People 4 different lanterns out of paper and other things. Some are in the 5 of rabbits, birds and boats. Some are in the shapes of dragons and cartoon stars. There are 6 lanterns here and there. In some cities, such as Lianyungang, there is usually a big lantern show 7 night. 8 are the special food for the festival. Families always 9 and enjoy a happy meal. After that, people go out to 10 . Sometimes they sing and dance happily late until midnight.
1.A.an B.a C.the
2.A.have B.there are C.there is
3.A.because B.and C.so
4.A.make B.cut C.paint
5.A.colors B.sizes C.shapes
6.A.a lot B.lots of C.much
7.A.with B.in C.at
8.A.Zongzi B.Sweet dumplings C.Mooncakes
9.A.play games B.have a party C.get together
10.A.have fun B.make lanterns C.watch the moon
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国元宵节的时间、庆祝方式、灯笼形状与含义、特色食物及家庭团聚活动,展现传统节日的欢乐氛围。
【详解】1.句意:在中国,它是一个重要节日。
“festival”是可数名词单数,其前要加不定冠词,“important”以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。
2.句意:在晚上,公园和街道上有灯笼表演。
“某地有某物”用there be句型表达,主语“lantern shows”为复数, be动词用are。have“有”,常表示“有生命的物体有某物”;there is的主语应为第三人称单数。
3.句意:灯笼通常是红色的,因为中国人认为红色代表幸福和好运。
“the Chinese think red stands for happiness and good luck”是“Lanterns are often red”的原因,because“因为”后接原因;and“和”连接并列成分;so“因此”后接结果。
4.句意:人们用纸和其他东西制作不同的灯笼。
根据“out of paper and other things”及常识,可知此处是制作灯笼,make“制作”符合语境。cut“切”和paint“画;涂色”与“用纸和其他东西制作灯笼”的语境不符。
5.句意:一些是兔子、鸟和船的形状。
根据下文“rabbits, birds and boats”可知,此处指形状,此处不止提到一种形状,用shape“形状”的复数形式shapes。colors“颜色”和sizes“尺寸”与“兔子、鸟和船”的语境不符。
6.句意:到处都有很多灯笼。
“lanterns”为可数名词复数,用lots of“许多”修饰。a lot“许多”后不能直接接名词;much“许多”后接不可数名词。
7.句意:在连云港等一些城市,晚上通常会举行大型灯展。
此处考查固定搭配“at night”,意为“在晚上”。排除with“和”与in“在……里”。
8.句意:元宵是节日的特色食品。
根据元宵节传统习俗,可知特色食物是汤圆,“sweet dumplings”意为“汤圆”,符合语境。Zongzi“粽子”是端午节的特色食物;Mooncakes“月饼”是中秋节的特色食物。
9.句意:家人总是聚在一起享受聚餐。
根据“enjoy a happy meal”可知,此处指家庭团聚,get together“团聚”符合语境。play games“玩游戏”和have a party“举行派对”与“聚在一起享受美食”的语境不符。
10.句意:之后,人们出去玩。
根据后文“sing and dance happily”可知,是出去娱乐,应用have fun“玩得开心”符合语境。make lanterns“制作灯笼”是节日前做的事情;watch the moon“赏月”是中秋节做的事情。
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