Unit3语法讲解及习题_that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）英语九年级全一册

**基本信息** 以“核心口诀+三步法”构建定语从句解题体系，从概念辨析到特殊规则层层递进，培养语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |概念讲解|核心口诀+三步法|“人who物which，that通用；作主语不可省，作宾语可省”口诀及“找先行词→判成分→查特殊”三步法|概念（先行词/关系代词）→用法（主/宾语、单复数）→特殊规则（最高级/不定代词等）→解题应用，形成完整认知链| |专项练习|5类题型（单选/填空/合并/改错/短文填空）|通过典型题例强化关系代词选择、成分判断及特殊情况处理|覆盖定语从句核心考法，典例含高频易错点（如that特殊用法），提升语言综合运用能力|

鲁教版英语（五四制）Unit3语法讲解及习题: that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句 一、核心概念 定语从句相当于中文里 “…… 的”，用来修饰前面的名词（先行词），用一个句子来做定语，使描述更丰富。 • 先行词：被修饰的名词，可以是人或者事物； • 关系代词 who /which/that：连接主句与定语从句，同时在从句内部充当主语或者宾语。 关系代词基础用法表 关系代词 指代对象 从句中成分 能否省略 例句 who 只指人 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可以省略；作主语不能省略 I like musicians who are creative. 我喜欢有创造力的音乐家。 which 只指事物 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可以省略；作主语不能省略 I prefer music which is full of joy and celebration. 我更喜欢充满欢乐与庆祝氛围的音乐。 that 既可以指人，也可以指物 主语 / 宾语 作宾语可以省略；作主语不能省略 I love traditional music that tells a story. 我喜欢讲故事的传统音乐。 ✅核心口诀：人用 who，物用 which，that 人和物都可用；作主语不能省，作宾语可以省。 1. 作主语（关系代词不能省略） 先行词是人：The girl who/that sings folk music is my classmate.（who 作主语，不可省略） 先行词是物：The piece which/that sounds soft is by Chopin.（which 作主语，不可省略） 2. 作宾语（关系代词可以省略） 先行词是人：The singer (who/that) we admire is from Poland.（who 作宾语，可省略） 先行词是物：The song (which/that) I like was written by him.（which 作宾语，可省略） 3. 从句谓语单复数规则 定语从句的动词单复数由先行词决定，与主句主语无关。 例：I like musicians who write their own songs.（先行词musicians为复数，从句谓语用原形write） 4. 只能用 that，不用 which 的必考情况 • 先行词是不定代词（all, everything, nothing, something等）； • 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰； • 先行词同时包含人和物。 例：This is the most beautiful music that I have ever heard.（最高级修饰，只用that） 5. 做题三步法 ① 找先行词，判断是人/物；② 判断关系代词在从句中作主语/宾语；③ 排查最高级、不定代词等特殊限制条件。 二、专项练习题 Ⅰ 单项选择 （ ）1. I like musicians _____ write their own music. A. which B. who C. where D. what （ ）2. The music _____ is full of feelings touches many people’s hearts. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose （ ）3. The most moving song _____ I have ever heard was written by Chopin. A. which B. that C. who D. what （ ）4. Everything _____ he told us about the musician is true. A. which B. that C. who D. what （ ）5. The girl _____ we met at the concert is a talented singer. A. who B. which C. what D. whose （ ）6. The guitar _____ my father bought me sounds really beautiful. A. who B. what C. which D. where （ ）7. The band _____ plays folk music will give a show in our city. A. who B. which C. where D. what （ ）8. We will never forget the musicians and their works _____ have greatly influenced us. A. which B. who C. that D. what Ⅱ 用 who /which/that 填空 无需关系代词填 “/” 1. The musician __________ won the prize is only 19 years old. 2. This is the best concert __________ I have ever watched. 3. The pop song __________ they are playing is very popular. 4. All __________ he knows about music comes from practice. 5. The singer __________ we saw yesterday has given lots of performances. Ⅲ 合并句子 1. This song is my favourite. It has beautiful lyrics. 2. The young lady is a great pianist. We saw her on TV. 3. The boy wants to be a musician. He can write his own songs. Ⅳ 改错 1. I like the music who makes me relaxed. _______________ 2. Everything which he learned about music is helpful. _______________ 3. The musician who I talked with him is from Poland. _______________ Ⅴ 短文填空 Chris began to show an interest in playing the piano when he was five years old. After years of practice, it has become something 1.__________ Chris is good at. Every weekend he goes to a home for the elderly to play the piano. People there used to play chess or watch TV. Now they love the music 2.__________ Chris plays. Chris is a shy boy 3.__________ finds it hard to talk to others, but music helps him communicate. 三、参考答案及解析 Ⅰ 单项选择 1. B 解析：先行词musicians指人，从句缺主语，用who。 2. B 解析：先行词music指物，从句缺主语，用which。 3. B 解析：先行词被最高级修饰，固定只用that。 4. B 解析：先行词为不定代词everything，固定只用that。 5. A 解析：先行词the girl指人，who在从句中作宾语。 6. C 解析：先行词guitar指物，which在从句中作bought的宾语。 7. B 解析：先行词band（乐队）视作事物，从句缺主语，用which。 8. C 解析：先行词同时包含人和物，固定只用that。 Ⅱ 选词填空 1. who/that 解析：先行词指人，从句缺主语，不可省略。 2. that 解析：最高级best修饰先行词，只用that。 3. which/that / 解析：先行词指物，关系代词作宾语，可省略。 4. that 解析：不定代词all作先行词，只用that。 5. who/that / 解析：先行词指人，关系代词作宾语，可省略。 Ⅲ 合并句子 1. The song which/that has beautiful lyrics is my favourite. 2. The young lady (who/that) we saw on TV is a great pianist. 3. The boy who/that can write his own songs wants to be a musician. Ⅳ 改错 1. who → which/that；解析：先行词music是事物，who仅修饰人。 2. which → that；解析：不定代词作先行词，只用that。 3. 删掉him；解析：关系代词who已指代先行词，从句不可重复指代。 Ⅴ 短文填空 1. that / 解析：不定代词something作先行词，that作宾语可省略。 2. which/that / 解析：先行词music指物，关系代词作宾语可省略。 3. who/that 解析：先行词boy指人，从句缺主语，不可省略。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $