Unit 5 Part 2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 本同步练通过“基础过关练”与“能力提升练”分层设计，实现从词汇语法到语篇应用的渐进巩固，融合高考真题情境与文化话题，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础过关练|词汇拼写、基础语法（介词/名词/冠词）、关系副词/介词+关系代词|结合2023-2026高考真题，语法专练设易错归因解析，强化单一知识点应用| |能力提升练|语篇理解（阅读）、逻辑衔接（七选五）、语境应用（完形）|以“方言保护”“语言学习焦虑”等文化话题为载体，综合考查推理判断与跨文化意识|

UNIT 5　LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD Part 2　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Well-established writing 　　　　(系统) help writers organize their thoughts effectively.   2.[2023北京]The amount of time needed to build a habit will depend on multiple(多种的) 　　　　(因素).   3.[2023浙江1月]The term “hutong”, originally meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan D　　　　.   4.Today, Cross-Bridge Rice Noodles has become a s　　　　 of Yunnan cuisine, attracting tourists and locals alike.  5.[2025全国二]For n　　　　 speakers of English, some Chinese words are rather difficult to pronounce.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.　　　　　 my point of view, we can have a party in the open air.   2.[2026浙大附中月考]Although the name “Teachers' Day” had not yet been officially created at that time, this organized custom of honoring Confucius and showing　　　　　 (appreciate) for teachers already had many features of a festival.  3.[2025全国一]I walked into class believing that writing is important as 　　　　　 means of communication.  4.[2023天津]Every Saturday I begged Mom not 　　　　　(make) me go to the swim meet, but had little chance of success.   5.[2026广东肇庆一中月考]I believed anyone with a dream must learn to struggle 　　　　　 the goal and fight even when the whole world seems to turn its back.  Ⅲ.单元语法专练 用关系副词或“介词+关系代词”填空 1.[2025浙江1月]But one day 　　　　/　　　　 　　　　 I heard her saying “I think I'm too fat,” my heart sank.   2.One of the reasons 　　　　/　　　　 　　　　 he was refused in the interview was that he spoke broken English.   3.The situation 　　　　/　　　　 　　　　 grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as “distant parent phenomenon”.   4.[2021天津3月]William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes 　　　　 　　　　 we can learn without repeating them.   5.[2026江西省余干中学月考]I wanted to reach out to and connect with somebody 　　　　 　　　　 I had something in common.   6.[2026江苏南通期末]The ocean is Earth's life-support system, 　　　　 　　　　 we cannot exist.  7.We have come to a point 　　　　/　　　　 　　　　 it is difficult to reach an agreement.   8.But so far that is only true for the specific tasks 　　　　 　　　　 the systems have been designed.   9.(易错题)[2023新课标Ⅰ]In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 　　　　/　　　　 　　　　over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.   10.[2026山西临汾月考]People 　　　　 　　　　 much is given are people 　　　　 　　　　 much will be expected.  Ⅳ.完成句子 1.[2025浙江1月写作]我们花在拍摄短视频上的时间越多,我们投入到学习和校园活动中的精力就越少。(the+比较级...,the+比较级...) 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 we spend shooting short videos, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 we put into our study and campus activities.  2.The Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it is greatly important for Chinese folk music.(句型转换,“be of+抽象名词”) →The Guzheng is part of traditional Chinese culture and it 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 for Chinese folk music.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 [2026四川泸州期末] 　　It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it's a symbol that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true? 　　Before we look at multilingual (多语言的) dreams, first we need to look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. “In order to do that, we need to have some sleep,” says Gareth Gaskell, a psychology professor at the University of York. 　　It's during sleep that the connection between old and new knowledge happens. At night, one part of our brain—the hippocampus (海马体)—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it's entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages, according to Marc Züst, a researcher at the University of Bern. 　　So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to master a new word or phrase, but it could also have an emotional significance. Danuta Gabry-Barker, a professor of psycholinguistics (心理语言学) at the University of Silesia in Poland, suggests that multilingual dreams can express fears and desires for learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community. 　　We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you're trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it. 　1.Which of the following does Gareth agree with? A.Adults are better at learning.　　B.We can learn words while sleeping. C.Our existing knowledge is from dreams.　　D.Multilingual dreams have nothing to do with progress. 2.What is the function of the hippocampus? A.Studying the role of the dream.　　B.Analyzing the learning process. C.Developing the new area of the brain.　　D.Collecting and delivering information. 3.What does Danuta study? A.Emotion and dreams.　　B.Words and expressions. C.Universities and courses.　　D.Languages and communities. 4.What's the main idea of the passage? A.Why we learn a foreign language in the dream. B.Learning languages is completely done through sleeping. C.Sleeping plays an important part in the development of brains. D.How multilingual dreams are connected with language learning. Ⅱ.七选五 [2026福建莆田月考] 　　An increasing number of people choose to learn a foreign language, but in the process of learning, they may develop foreign language anxiety(焦虑) (FLA). 　1　  　　Anxiety can make us perform poorly because it divides our attention. Athletes and performing artists are able to work effectively under great pressure. 　2　 They forget about everything other than the task at hand. If you can focus only on the task at hand, you might enjoy the experience and turn stress into productive energy.   　　One way to deal with FLA is to accept making mistakes. 　3　 Perfectionists cannot accept making mistakes. However, being afraid of making mistakes can affect how well you do and how much you enjoy learning. Taking risks when speaking your second language helps build confidence. To beat anxiety, be brave. When you meet a foreigner, it's sometimes a good idea to have the goal of “We're going to understand each other.” rather than “I'm going to speak correctly.”  　　　4　 Learning a new language makes people see the world differently. Our new language shapes how we view the world and connect with others. Speaking a second language might make us worry that people are misunderstanding who we really are. 　5　 We may find freedom in accepting that we can't control how others see us. It's okay if few people know you as well as you know yourself. Since you can't be the same person in your second language as you are in your native one, you get the chance to create a new identity.  A.You have a limited vocabulary. B.However, there's a positive side too. C.You can also think of it the other way. D.This is because they enter a special state. E.FLA has a bad effect on learning and performance. F.We should not always be afraid of making mistakes. G.A study found that FLA is related to perfectionism. 1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 [2026河北沧州调研] 　　My grandma once ran a small bookstore that sold books written in local dialects. As a child, I often laughed at those hard characters and the 　1　 pronunciation she used while reading them. She'd just smile and say, “This language is our 　2　.”  　　I didn't understand it until last summer when Grandma fell ill and asked me to 　3　 her bookstore. When sweeping the dusty shelves, I found a worn notebook. It 　4　 her experiences of collecting stories written in dialects from villagers in the 1980s. Many elders 　5　 that without written records, their dialects would 　6　 soon.  　　Deeply 　7　, I decided to help. I spent weeks turning materials in dialects into digital files (数字文件). When I read those stories to Grandma, her eyes 　8　. Seeing her joy, I felt a strong sense of 　9　 to protect the dialects.  　　　10　, young people seldom speak the dialects now. They prefer popular online languages. But I believe languages aren't just tools for 　11　. They reflect the history and values of a group.  　　Last month, I started a community class to 　12　 the dialects. Several teenagers joined us. As we read old stories together, I realized that the 　13　 of a language is not about keeping it unchanged, but about introducing it to new 　14　. It's how we keep our cultural memory 　15　. Every word we pass on is a line connecting the past, present and future.  1.A.strange　　B.correct C.simple　　D.attractive 2.A.problem　　B.treasure C.symbol　　D.power 3.A.clean up　　B.close down C.give away　　D.look after 4.A.hid　　B.described C.copied　　D.affected 5.A.heard　　B.promised C.pretended　　D.worried 6.A.survive　　B.disappear C.change　　D.spread 7.A.moved　　B.confused C.honored　　D.frightened 8.A.closed　　B.darkened C.widened　　D.shone 9.A.duty　　B.fear C.anxiety　　D.curiosity 10.A.Finally　　B.Surprisingly C.Suddenly　　D.Unluckily 11.A.travel　　B.study C.communication　　D.work 12.A.create　　B.teach C.check　　D.compare 13.A.replacement　　B.choice C.explanation　　D.protection 14.A.audiences　　B.generations C.customers　　D.countries 15.A.alive　　B.quiet　　C.secret　　D.ready 答案与分层梯度式解析 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.systems　2.factors　3.Dynasty　4.symbol 5.native Ⅱ.1.From　考查介词。句意:在我看来,我们可以在户外举行聚会。from my point of view意为“在我看来”,设空处位于句首,首字母要大写。故填From。 2.appreciation　考查名词。句意:虽然当时“教师节”这个名字还没有正式确立,但这种有组织的对孔子表示敬意、对老师表示感谢的习俗已经具有了节日的许多特征。设空处作动词showing的宾语,show appreciation for...表示“对……表示感谢”。故填appreciation。 3.a　考查冠词。句意:我走进教室,认为写作作为一种交流方式很重要。a means of...为固定搭配,意为“一种……的方式/手段”,空后名词means单复数同形。故填a。 4.to make　考查动词不定式。句意:每个星期六,我都恳求妈妈不要让我去参加游泳比赛,但成功的可能性很小。beg sb. (not) to do sth.意为“恳求某人(不要)做某事”。故填to make。 5.for　考查介词。句意:我曾认为,任何心怀梦想的人都必须学会为目标而奋斗,即便全世界似乎都背弃了自己,也要抗争。struggle for为固定搭配,表示“为……而奋斗”。故填for。 知识辨析 struggle against/with 与……作斗争 struggle with疲于应付,艰难处理 Ⅲ.1.when;on which　将先行词代入从句后为“I heard her saying ‘I think I'm too fat’ on the day”。 2.why;for which　将先行词代入从句后为“he was refused in the interview for one of the reasons”。 3.where;in which　将先行词代入从句后为“grown-up children live far away from their aged parents in the situation”。 4.from which　将先行词代入从句后为“we can learn from past mistakes without repeating them”。 5.with whom　将先行词代入从句后为“I had something in common with somebody”。 6.without which　将先行词代入从句后为“we cannot exist without the ocean”。 7.where/when;at which　将先行词代入从句后为“it is difficult to reach an agreement at the point”。point在这里可表时间,意为“时刻,时候”;也可表抽象的地点,意为“阶段,地步”。 知识拓展 　　point和stage作先行词时,可以表示地点概念,也可以表示时间概念,因此后面的定语从句的关系副词可用where,也可用when,需要根据句意选择。 8.for which　将先行词代入从句后为“the systems have been designed for the specific tasks”。 9.where;in which　将先行词代入从句后为“over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter in the experiment”。 易错归因 　　本题易受前面“2018”的影响误填when。2018并不是定语从句的先行词,“I ran in 2018”为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰experiment。experiment才是设空处引导的定语从句的先行词。 10.to whom;of/from whom　将先行词代入从句后为“much is given to the people”和“much will be expected of/from the people”。 Ⅳ.1.The more time;the less energy　2.is of great importance 能力提升练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于学习任何语言的方式,包括我们的母语。 【高频词汇】　1.apply...to...把……应用到…… 2.link...to...把……与……联系起来　3.existing adj.现有的;现存的　4.connection n.联系,关联 5.significance n.意义,重要性　6.desire n.渴望 1.B　推理判断题。第二段第三句讲到,即使是成年人仍每两天就会学大约一个母语中的新词,但如果我们要牢牢掌握这个新词,就需要将它与我们现有的知识联系起来。随后是Gareth 说的话“为了做到这一点,我们需要一些睡眠”,由此可推知,Gareth同意的观点是我们可以在睡觉的时候学词。故选B。 2.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the hippocampus—takes whatever new information it got in the day, and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored”可知,海马体的功能是收集和传递信息。故选D。 3.A　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知,做多语言的梦可能意味着我们的大脑正在努力掌握一个新的词或短语,但它也可能具有情感意义。结合该段最后Danuta的看法“多语言梦可能表达了对学习外语的恐惧和渴望”可知,Danuta研究的是“情感和梦的关系”。故选A。 4.D　主旨大意题。分析文章结构可知,文章主要说明了梦和语言学习之间的联系,所以D项“多语言梦如何与语言学习产生联系”概括了文章主旨。故选D。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外语焦虑(FLA)的影响及应对方法。 【高频词汇】　1.effectively adv.有效地　2.under pressure承受压力　3.other than除……以外　4.at hand在手头 5.productive adj.富有成效的　6.affect v.影响 7.take risks冒险　8.misunderstand v.误解 【差距词汇】　identity n.身份 1.E　空前提到越来越多的人选择学习外语,但在学习过程中可能会产生外语焦虑(FLA),首次引出FLA这一核心概念。E项“FLA对学习和表现有不良影响”直接承接前文的FLA话题,点明焦虑的负面影响,并且与下一段第一句“焦虑会使我们表现不佳,因为它分散我们的注意力”形成顺承逻辑,起到衔接上下文的作用。故选E。 2.D　空前提到运动员和表演艺术家能够在巨大压力下高效工作,这是一种特殊现象。空后具体解释了原因:他们会忽略其他事物,只专注于手头的任务。D项“这是因为他们进入了一种特殊状态”以This is because开头解释前文特殊现象的原因,“特殊状态”与空后的“忽略其他事物,只专注于手头的任务”的具体表现相呼应。故选D。 3.G　上句“One way to deal with FLA is to accept making mistakes.”建议接受犯错,下文“Perfectionists cannot accept making mistakes.”指出完美主义者不能接受犯错,G项“一项研究发现FLA与完美主义相关”指出FLA和完美主义之间的关联,其中perfectionism 与下文中的Perfectionists呼应。故选G。 易错归因 　　本题容易误选F项,因为F项中的“be afraid of making mistakes”在文中有复现,所以容易被表面现象干扰忽视意义与逻辑的关联而导致误选。空前已明确“accept making mistakes(接受犯错)”,F项“We should not always be afraid of making mistakes.(我们不该总害怕犯错)”与前文表意高度重合,且无法与空后的Perfectionists(完美主义者)进行衔接,造成上下文逻辑断裂。 4.B　设空处位于段首,为该段主旨句。前文围绕FLA的负面影响、缓解的方法展开,空后则讲述学习新语言能让人以不同视角看世界、获得新身份等积极意义。B项“然而,也有积极的一面”以However转折,从消极影响过渡到积极价值,精准概括本段核心内容。故选B。 5.C　空前提到说第二语言时,人们会担心他人误解真实的自己,表达消极顾虑。空后提出接受无法控制他人看法,反而能获得自由的积极观点。C项“你也可以换个角度想”承上启下,引导从消极担忧转向积极思考,与后文内容逻辑契合。故选C。 Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮助奶奶保护方言的故事。 【高频词汇】　1.dusty adj.布满灰尘的　2.worn adj.用旧的　3.material n.材料　4.reflect v.反映;显示 5.values n.价值观　6.connect v.连接 1.A　前文提到作者小时候嘲笑方言里难写的字,结合laughed at的消极态度可知,作者觉得奶奶读方言时的发音很奇怪(strange)。B.正确的;C.简单的;D.有吸引力的。故选A。 2.B　根据第三段最后一句中的“to protect the dialects”以及文章最后一句“Every word we pass on is a line connecting the past, present and future.”可知,这里指奶奶认为方言是珍宝(treasure)。A.问题;C.象征;D.力量。故选B。 3.A　根据下句中的“When sweeping the dusty shelves”可知,作者在打扫(clean up)书店。B.关闭;C.赠送;D.照顾。故选A。 4.B　根据空后的“her experiences of collecting stories written in dialects from villagers in the 1980s”可知,笔记本里描述了(described)奶奶收集用方言写的故事的经历。A.隐藏;C.复制;D.影响。故选B。 5.D　根据下文“without written records, their dialects would...soon”可知,这里指许多老人担心(worried)的事情。A.听见;B.承诺;C.假装。故选D。 6.B　根据上文“without written records”可推知,没有书面记录,方言很快就会消失(disappear)。A.幸存;C.改变;D.传播。故选B。 7.A　上一句提到,许多老人担心,如果没有书面记录,他们的方言很快就会消失。根据后文“I decided to help”可知,作者被老人们打动了(moved)。B.使迷惑;C.尊敬;D.使害怕。故选A。 8.D　根据下文“Seeing her joy”可知,奶奶很高兴,所以眼睛闪闪发光(shone)。A.关闭;B.变暗;C.变宽。故选D。 9.A　根据空后的“to protect the dialects”并结合下文作者的具体做法可推知,作者感到有责任(duty)去保护方言。B.恐惧;C.焦虑;D.好奇心。故选A。 10.D　根据下文“young people seldom speak the dialects now”可知,现在的年轻人很少说方言了,这是不幸(Unluckily)的。A.最终;B.令人惊讶地;C.突然。故选D。 11.C　根据上文“They prefer popular online languages.”可知,语言是交流(communication)的工具。根据后文“They reflect the history and values of a group.”可知,作者不仅承认语言作为交流工具的用途,还意识到了语言也承载着一个群体的历史与价值观。A.旅行;B.学习;D.工作。故选C。 12.B　根据空前的“started a community class”以及下句“Several teenagers joined us.”可知,作者开了一个社区班教(teach)方言。A.创造;C.检查;D.比较。故选B。 13.D　根据空后的“is not about keeping it unchanged”并结合上文提到的保护方言可推知,作者意识到语言的保护(protection)不在于让它一成不变。A.替代;B.选择;C.解释。故选D。 14.B　根据空前的“introducing it to new”可知,要把方言传递给新的一代代人(generations)。A.观众;C.顾客;D.国家。故选B。 15.A　根据空后的“Every word we pass on is a line connecting the past, present and future.”可推知,我们传递的每一个字都是连接过去、现在和未来的线,所以我们要保持文化记忆鲜活性(alive)。B.安静的;C.秘密的;D.准备好的。故选A。 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $