摘要:
该初中英语课件聚焦沪教版九年级上册Unit 2“Great ideas”,系统讲解重点句型(如begin to do sth.、whether引导宾语从句等)及句子类型(陈述句、疑问句等)语法知识,通过“黄金王冠”“阿基米德故事”等情境化例句导入,构建从词汇、句型到语法的递进式学习支架,帮助学生衔接前后知识点。
其亮点在于融合历史文化素材(如《道德经》相关句子)培育文化意识,通过as/when/while辨析、be made of/from对比等提升思维品质,模拟考场多样化练习(选择、填空、翻译)强化语言能力。例如用“黄金王冠排水量”例句讲比较级,学生能在语境中理解语法,教师可借助系统知识点与练习提高教学效率。
内容正文:
Unit 2 Great ideas
句型(1)讲解
沪教版九年级上册
1
语句总览
However, she began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown.
Jack was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.
A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal.
2
begin 为动词,后可接不定式 to do,表示启动一项动作。
用于主语是物的情况;后接表示心理活动的动词(如understand, realize)。
同义结构:begin doing sth.;
start to do /start doing sth.
【解析】
【知识点1】begin to do sth. 开始做某事
However, she began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown.
然而,她开始怀疑这是否是一顶真正的黄金王冠。
3
【例句】
She began to realize the importance of learning English.
她开始意识到学习英语的重要性。
It began to rain heavily when we left home.
我们离开家时开始下大雨了。
4
【例句】
I don’t know whether he will come to the party.
我不知道他是否会来参加派对。
She asked whether I had finished my homework.
她问我是否完成了作业。
当从句表达的是不确定或疑问的内容时,常用whether或if引导。在动词doubt之后,常接whether/if从句。
whether 可用于句首、不定式前或介词后,而 if 不能。
【解析】
【知识点2】whether 引导宾语从句
5
as引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时;在……的过程中”。
强调主句和从句的动作同时发生,通常用于描述一段持续的时间里发生的动作。
同义连词:when(当……时),while(在……期间)。
【解析】
【知识点1】as 引导时间状语从句
Jack was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.
杰克正在思索这个问题,与此同时他往浴缸里放水。
6
【例句】
He sang songs as he walked along the street.
他一边沿街走一边唱歌。
As she read the letter, tears ran down her face.
她读信的时候,泪水顺着脸颊流下。
区别:as 强调两个动作同时进行;while 强调一段时间;when 强调时间点或时间段。
7
【例句】
fill 后面接容器,with 后接装入的物品。
be filled with = be full of 充满……
【解析】
【知识点2】fill … with … 用……装满……
Please fill the bottle with water before we leave.
我们出发前请把瓶子装满水。
Her eyes were filled with tears when she heard the news.
听到这个消息时,她眼里充满了泪水。
8
made completely of gold是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的“crown”。
过去分词短语相当于一个定语从句,表示被动或被动的状态。
【解析】
【知识点1】过去分词短语作后置定语
A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. 一顶完全由黄金打造的王冠排开的水量,少于一顶由黄金和其他金属制成的王冠。
9
【例句】
The book written by Lu Xun is very popular.
鲁迅写的那本书很受欢迎。
The windows broken in the storm have been repaired.
暴风雨中打破的窗户已经修好了。
10
【例句】
less ... than ...是“比较级 + than”结构,用于比较数量或程度。
less是little的比较级,表示“更少的”。
反义结构:more ... than ...(比……更多)
【解析】
【知识点2】 less … than … 比……更少/更不
There is less pollution in the countryside than in cities. 乡村的污染比城市更少。
He spends less time playing games than before.
他花在游戏上的时间比以前少了。
11
【例句】
be made of 指从成品能看出原材料。当原材料经过加工后看不出时,用“be made from”。
相关搭配:be made in(在……制造),be made into(被制成……)
【解析】
【知识点3】be made of 由……制成
This table is made of wood.
这张桌子是木头做的。
The bridge is made of stone.
这座桥是石头建的。
12
I don't know ________ he will come to the party or not.
A. if
B. whether
C. that
D. what
模拟考场
13
The bridge ________ in 1980 is still in good condition.
A. build
B. building
C. built
D. to build
模拟考场
14
完成句子。
当歌手走上舞台时,观众爆发出热烈的掌声。
______ the singer walked onto the stage,
the audience burst into applause.
As
模拟考场
15
完成句子。
这部电影不如那部电影有趣。
This movie is _____ __________ _____
that one.
less interesting than
模拟考场
16
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
She began ________ (realize) that she had made a mistake.
The bottle ________ (fill) with water by my mother just now.
to realize
was filled
模拟考场
17
Unit 2 Great ideas
句型(2)讲解
沪教版九年级上册
18
语句总览
It is believed that he wrote Daodejing. It is one of the most important works in Chinese history.
The idea is that we, as humans, should live a simple, peaceful and balanced life, respecting our role in nature.
Although Daodejing was written over 2,000 years ago, it is still widely read today because its ideas continue to have meaning in our modern society.
19
其中“It”是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的“that”从句。
这种结构常用于新闻报道或学术文章中,表示一种普遍的看法或推测。
类似结构:It is said that...(据说……),It is reported that...(据报道……)。
【解析】
【知识点1】It is believed that…
据信……;人们认为……
It is believed that he wrote Daodejing. It is one of the most important works in Chinese history. 人们认为是他撰写了《道德经》。它是中国历史上最重要的著作之一。
20
【例句】
It is believed that exercise is good for health.
人们认为锻炼有益健康。
It is believed that the Earth's climate is getting warmer.
人们认为地球的气候正在变暖。
It is said that this temple was built during the Tang Dynasty.
据说这座寺庙建于唐代。
21
【例句】
其中最高级前必须加“the”,名词必须用复数形式。
该结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
【解析】
【知识点2】one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数
最……之一
Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world.
北京是世界上最大的城市之一。
She is one of the most hard-working students in our class. 她是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。
22
that引导的表语从句,放在系动词“is”后面,对主语“the idea”进行解释说明。
表语从句用陈述句语序,that只起连接作用,不作从句成分。
注意事项:表语从句中 that 一般不省略。
【解析】
【知识点1】that 引导表语从句
The idea is that we, as humans, should live a simple, peaceful and balanced life, respecting our role in nature.
这一理念就是,我们作为人类,应当过一种简单、平和且均衡的生活,尊重我们在自然中所扮演的角色。
23
【例句】
The fact is that he never told me the truth.
事实是他从未告诉我真相。
My opinion is that mobile phones should not be used during meals.
我的看法是,吃饭时不应该玩手机。
类似结构:The truth is that...(事实是……),
My opinion is that...(我的看法是……)
24
“respecting our role in nature”是现在分词短语,作伴随状语,表示与主句动作同时发生的次要动作。
现在分词作状语表示主动或进行的意义,逻辑主语与句子主语一致。
现在分词作状语可表示方式、伴随、原因、时间等关系。
【解析】
【知识点2】现在分词短语作伴随状语
25
【例句】
He sat in the sofa, reading a newspaper.
他坐在沙发上读报纸。
The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and shouting.
孩子们笑着喊着跑出了教室。
He fell off the bike, breaking his arm.
他从自行车上摔下来,摔断了胳膊。
26
although 尽管;虽然,表示主句和从句之间的对比或转折关系。
注意“although”不能与“but”同时出现在一个句子中。
同义连词:though, even though。
【解析】
【知识点1】although 引导让步状语从句
Although Daodejing was written over 2,000 years ago, it is still widely read today because its ideas continue to have meaning in our modern society. 尽管《道德经》成书于两千多年前,但时至今日依然被广泛研读,因为其中的思想在现代社会中仍旧具有现实意义。
27
【例句】
Although he was tired, he kept on working.
尽管他很累,他还是继续工作。
Although it is raining, we still go to school on time.
尽管在下雨,我们还是按时去上学。
28
【例句】
because引导原因状语从句,意为“因为”。它语气最强,常用来回答“why”的提问。
because引导的从句可放在主句前或主句后。
【解析】
【知识点2】because 引导原因状语从句
I stayed at home because it was raining heavily.
我待在家里因为雨下得很大。
Because he studied hard, he passed the exam.
因为他努力学习,所以通过了考试。
29
强调持续做某事、不停下来。
在描述长久持续存在的状态(思想、影响、现象)时,continue to do使用更普遍。
近义词组:go on to do sth.
拓展:continue doing sth. 强调中断后继续做同一件事。
【解析】
【知识点3】continue to do sth.
继续去做某事;仍然、依旧做某事
30
【例句】
The rain continued to fall all night.
雨持续下了一整夜。
This old story continues to touch young readers.
这个古老的故事至今仍然打动着年轻读者。
She continued reading after a short break.
短暂休息后,她继续读书。
31
________ that many ancient books influence people's lives today.
A. It believes
B. It is believed
C. People believed
D. People is believed
模拟考场
32
The truth is ____ everyone should learn to get on well with nature, protecting all living things around us.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. whether
模拟考场
33
完成句子。
尽管这部古典著作成书于千年前,但现在依旧被很多
年轻人阅读。
__________ this classic work was written thousands
of years ago, it ____ still widely read by many young
people now.
Although
is
模拟考场
34
完成句子。
孔子的思想是最重要的古代思想之一。
Confucius' ideas are ____ ____ ____
_____ __________ ancient thoughts.
one of the
most important
模拟考场
35
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
He keeps trying new ways and continues ___________ (explore) the value of traditional culture.
The greatest value of the book, _______ (lie) in its deep ideas, attracts thousands of readers every year.
to explore
lying
模拟考场
36
Unit 2 Great ideas
【语法】讲解
沪教版九年级上册
37
句子类型
概述
疑问句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
选择疑问句
陈述句
祈使句
感叹句
英语句子按照交际功能与语气,可划分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四大核心类型。
不同类型对应不同的句式结构、标点规则与表达用途,是初中英语语法的基础框架,也是中考单项选择、句型转换、完形填空的高频考点。
句子类型
概述
1
基本功能
用来陈述事实、表达观点,传递关于人物、事物、
抽象概念等的信息,是日常表达中使用最广泛的
句子类型。
标点规则:句末必须使用句号(.)
句子类型
陈述句
结构
肯定陈述句:主语 + 谓语 + 其他.
例句:She works hard every day. 她每天努力工作。
否定陈述句:
主语 + be 动词/助动词/情态动词+ not + 谓语 + 其他.
主语 + don’t /doesn’t /didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.
例句:He is not (isn’t) a teacher. 他不是老师。
We didn’t go to the party last night.
我们昨晚没去派对。
否定前移:
当主句谓语为think, believe, suppose等表 “认为、猜想” 的动词,且主语为第一人称I/we时,宾语从句的否定要转移到主句谓语上。
例:I don't think this idea will work.
我认为这个方案行不通。
I don’t believe (that) he has told the truth.
我相信他没有说出真相。
2
用于询问信息、提出疑问,句末统一使用问号(?)。初中阶段分为三类:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句。
疑问句
一般疑问句
定义:能够直接用Yes或No回答的疑问句。
结构:Be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 + 其他?
例句:Is it a great idea? 这是一个好主意吗?
易错点:回答时人称、时态需与问句保持一致;否定回答多用缩写形式。
特殊疑问句
定义:以what, who, whose, which, when, where, why, how等特殊疑问词开头,针对具体信息提问的句子。
结构:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序?
例句:How can I test these ideas?
我要如何验证这些想法?
Where did you put my book?
你把我的书放在哪里了?
选择疑问句
定义:提出两个或多个备选选项,要求对方从中选择作答的疑问句。
结构:一般疑问句/ 特殊疑问句 + A or B?
例句:Whose idea do you prefer, Lily's or Mike’s?
你更喜欢谁的主意,莉莉的还是迈克的?
高频易错点:选择疑问句绝对不能用 Yes/No 回答,必须从选项中选一个。
3
基本功能
用于发出命令、提出请求、给出建议或号召,通常省略第二人称主语you。
标点规则:语气平缓用句号(.),语气强烈用感叹号(!)
祈使句
结构
肯定祈使句:动词原形 + 其他成分./!
(可在句首 / 句末加please表委婉)
例句:Sit down. 坐下。
Please try the new idea out and see if it works.
请试试这个新方案,看看是否可行。
否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形 + 其他成分./!
例句:Don’t run! 别跑!
Don't stand there doing nothing!
别站在那儿无所事事!
4
基本功能
用于表达强烈的喜、怒、哀、叹等情绪与感受。
标点规则:句末必须使用感叹号(!)
结构:
What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
例句:What an excellent idea (it is)!
多棒的主意啊!
感叹句
What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
例句:What beautiful flowers (they are)!
多么美丽的花啊!
What terrible weather (it is)!
多么糟糕的天气啊!
How + 形容词 / 副词(+ 主语 + 谓语)!
例句:How clever Archimedes was!
阿基米德多聪明啊!
______ noisy in the library. Please keep quiet.
A. Not be
B. Don’t be
C. Doesn’t be
D. Isn’t
模拟考场
又
______ nice weather it is today! Let’s go for a picnic.
A. What
B. What a
C. How
D. How a
模拟考场
又
连词成句。
day / what / it / a / is / nice(!)
_______________________
What a nice day it is!
模拟考场
又
翻译。
他昨天没有完成项目,因为他感觉不舒服。
______________________________
______________________________
He didn’t finish the project yesterday because he didn’t feel well.
模拟考场
又
翻译。
你更喜欢和谁一起去,汤姆还是迈克?
______________________________
______________________________
Who do you prefer to go with, Tom or Mike?
模拟考场
又
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