第4卷 词汇与语法（一般现在时、过去时和将来时）-2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦一般现在时、过去时和将来时三大基础时态，通过基础到提升的层级训练构建时态应用逻辑，强化语境中时态辨析的语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础篇|20题|单一句法情境下时态辨析，含时间状语提示（如every morning、two weeks ago）|从基本用法（主谓一致、时间标志词）到简单语境应用，构建时态概念框架| |提升篇|15题|复杂语境及时态交叉（如条件句、被动语态、语境推断）|深化时态与语境关联（如“look at dark clouds”表将来），强化时态在复合句及实际场景中的灵活运用|

编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第4卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（一般现在时、过去时和将来时）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第4卷 词汇与语法（一般现在时、过去时和将来时） 考试时间：45分钟 满分：120分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1.Water ____ into ice when the temperature drops below zero. A.turn B.turns C.turned D.will turn 2.My grandmother____ music and often____ to music. A.likes;listens B.like;listen C.like;are listening D.liking;listen 3.Our team usually ______ basketball on weekends. A.play B.plays C.played D.are playing 4.We ______ to school from Monday to Friday. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 5.The train ______ at 8:00 every morning. A.leave B.leaves C.left D.will leave 6.I will call you as soon as he ______ back. A.come B.comes C.will come D.came 7.My brother ______ a new smartphone two weeks ago. A.buys B.bought C.has bought D.buy 8.We ______ much progress during our internship last month. A.make B.made C.makes D.making 9.Do you know how many gold medals Sun Yingsha ______at the 2024 Summer Olympic Games? A.wins B.win C.won D.has won 10.The guide told us that many new roads ______ in the city years ago. A.built B.are built C.were built D.build 11.The email he is looking forward to______ yesterday. A.arrived B.arriving C.arrive D.arrives 12.There ______ a big exhibition of made-in-China products in our city last month. A.is B.was C.are D.were 13.He ______ in the eastern part of China for three years,but now he works in a big city. A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is living 14.Many young volunteers ______ part in summer rural-service activities last year. A.take B.took C.have taken D.will take 15.The tech company announces that their new AI system______doctors in disease diagnosis next year. A.assists B.assisted C. will assist D.has assisted 16.Look at the dark clouds.It ______.We’d better take our smart‑phone power banks inside. A.is going to rain B.will rain C.rains D.rained 17.According to the plan,robots ______ much repetitive factory work for workers in several years. A.take B.will take C.took D.have taken 18.Scientists predict green new energy ______ the main power source in most cities by 2035. A.becomes B.will become C.became D.has become 19.You______ your parents again in a few days. A.will see B.had seen C.have seen D.have been seen 20.Look out! The robot arm ______.Keep away from the working area. A.is about to move B.will move C.is going to move D.moves 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (每小题4分，共15小题，共60分) 1.Everyone knows that the sun______ in the east and______ in the west. A.rose;set B.rises; set C.rise; sets D.rises; sets 2.Nobody but my classmates ______ to take part in the competition every year. A.want B.wants C.wanted D.is wanting 3.If you ______ harder at your lessons, you ______ good grades in the coming exam. A.work; will get B.will work; get C.work; get D.will work; will get 4.—When ______ the next bus ______ for Changsha? —At 14:30, according to the timetable. A.do; leave B.does; leaves C.does; leave D.is; leave 5.He seldom ______ late for work,but he ______ late yesterday. A.is; was B.are; was C.was; is D.be; were 6.He ______ great progress when he took part in the national vocational skills contest. A.makes B.made C.has made D.is making 7.China ______ another manned spaceship into space in May 2025. A.launches B.launched C.has launched D.was launching 8.8.It was too dark.So he______ the light and began to read books. A.turns on B.turns off C.turned on D.turned off 9.The team ______ their prize on the stage when the ceremony started the day before yesterday. A.accept B.accepted C.has accepted D.was accepted 10.Sales of e-books have greatly increased since the early 2010s,when people______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A.begin B.began C.have begun D.had begun 11.With the development of AI,many new jobs ______ for young technical students in the near future. A.create B.will be created C.are created D.were created 12.If you keep practicing your professional skills,you ______ more chances in the job market. A.will get B.get C.got D.have got 13.Many teachers from cities______to the western provinces of our country to help the poor students there next year. A.will send B.are sent C.will be sent D.were sent 14.You ______ waste your time on useless short-videos,or you ______ fail your skill assessment. A.won’t; are going to B.shouldn’t; will C.aren’t; will be D.don’t; would 15.—The light is on in the teacher’s office. —Oh, our instructor ______ give us feedback on our internship report soon. A.is about to B.was about to C.would D.is going to 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》，依据湖南省对口招生考试历年英语考试真题与模拟试题分析编写。本专辑包括听力理解、词汇与语法、交际用语、完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等6大高考题型。1-21卷为考点/题型专项训练卷，22-26卷为综合训练卷。 本试卷是2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》的第4卷，知识点包括词汇与语法（一般现在时、过去时和将来时）。 2027年湖南省（对口招生）《英语45分钟训练卷》 第4卷 词汇与语法（一般现在时、过去时和将来时） 基础篇 1、 词汇与语法 (共20小题；每小题3分，满分60分) 1.Water ____ into ice when the temperature drops below zero. A.turn B.turns C.turned D.will turn 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般现在时（客观真理）。句意：当气温降到零度以下，水会结成冰。客观真理用一般现在时；主语 water 为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数 turns。A 原形；C 一般过去时；D 一般将来时，均不用于客观自然规律。 2.My grandmother____ music and often____ to music. A.likes;listens B.like;listen C.like;are listening D.liking;listen 【答案】A 【详解】考点：一般现在时，主谓一致。句意：我的祖母喜欢音乐，并且经常听音乐。主语 my grandmother 是第三人称单数；and 并列两个谓语动词，likes 和 listens 都用三单形式；often 是一般现在时标志词。B 动词原形；C 时态形式错误；D 非谓语形式，不能作谓语。 3.Our team usually ______ basketball on weekends. A.play B.plays C.played D.are playing 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般现在时，集体名词主谓一致。句意：我们队通常在周末打篮球。usually 一般现在时标志；team 视作一个整体，谓语动词用第三人称单数 plays。A 复数谓语；C 一般过去时；D 现在进行时。 4.We ______ to school from Monday to Friday. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 【答案】A 【详解】考点：一般现在时，经常性习惯性动作。句意：我们周一到周五去上学。from Monday to Friday 表习惯性行为；主语 we，谓语用原形 go。B 三单形式；C 一般过去时；D 一般将来时。 5.The train ______ at 8:00 every morning. A.leave B.leaves C.left D.will leave 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般现在时（时刻表、时间表）。句意：这趟火车每天早上八点发车。every morning 习惯性时刻表安排；主语 the train 三单，leaves。A 动词原形；C 过去式；D 将来时。 6.I will call you as soon as he ______ back. A.come B.comes C.will come D.came 【答案】B 【详解】考点：时间状语从句，主将从现。句意：他一回来我就给你打电话。主句将来时，as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时表将来；主语 he 三单，comes。干扰项分析：A 原形；C 将来时（时间 / 条件状语从句，一般不用 will 表将来）；D 过去式。 7.My brother ______ a new smartphone two weeks ago. A.buys B.bought C.has bought D.buy 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时。句意：两周前我哥哥买了一部新智能手机。时间标志`two weeks ago`两周前，是明确过去时间，谓语用过去式 bought。A 一般现在时三单；C 现在完成时；D 动词原形。 8.We ______ much progress during our internship last month. A.make B.made C.makes D.making 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时。句意：在上个月的实习期间，我们取得了很大进步。`last month`过去时间，描述过去发生的动作，用 made。固定搭配 make progress 取得进步。A 一般现在时；C 三单；D 非谓语不能作谓语。 9.Do you know how many gold medals Sun Yingsha ______at the 2024 Summer Olympic Games? A.wins B.win C.won D.has won 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般过去时。句意：你知道孙颖莎在 2024 夏季奥运会上获得了多少枚金牌吗？the 2024 Summer Olympic Games是已经结束的过去事件，动作发生在过去，用 won。A、B 现在时；D 现在完成时，不强调对现在影响，只陈述当年事实，不用完成时。 10.The guide told us that many new roads ______ in the city years ago. A.built B.are built C.were built D.build 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般过去时的被动语态。句意：导游告诉我们，很多新道路多年前在这座城市被修建。时间years ago过去；roads 道路是 “被修建”，被动结构 were built。A 主动过去式；B 一般现在时被动；D 主动原形。 11.The email he is looking forward to______ yesterday. A.arrived B.arriving C.arrive D.arrives 【答案】A 【详解】考点：一般过去时，定语从句干扰。句意：他一直期盼的那封邮件昨天到了。he is looking forward to是定语从句修饰 the email；to 的逻辑宾语是 email，不是后面空格；时间 yesterday，主句谓语用 arrived。B 动名词，不能做主句谓语；C 原形；D 一般现在时。 12.There ______ a big exhibition of made-in-China products in our city last month. A.is B.was C.are D.were 【答案】B 【详解】考点：there be 句型，一般过去时，就近原则。句意：上个月我们城市举办了一场大型中国制造产品展览会。last month过去；后面名词 a big exhibition 单数，be 动词用 was。A 一般现在时单数；C、D 复数 be 动词。 13.He ______ in the eastern part of China for three years,but now he works in a big city. A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is living 【答案】A 【详解】考点：一般过去时（过去状态现已结束）。句意：他在中国东部住过三年，但现在他在一座大城市工作。but now 提示：居住三年是过去经历，现在已经不在那里居住，只描述过去事实，用 lived。B 现在完成时，表示持续到现在，和 but now 语义冲突；C 一般现在时；D 现在进行时。 14.Many young volunteers ______ part in summer rural-service activities last year. A.take B.took C.have taken D.will take 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时。句意：去年许多青年志愿者参加了乡村暑期服务活动。`last year`过去时间标志，take part in 参加，过去式 took。A 一般现在时；C 现在完成时；D 一般将来时。 15.The tech company announces that their new AI system______doctors in disease diagnosis next year. A.assists B.assisted C. will assist D.has assisted 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般将来时。句意：这家科技公司宣布，他们全新的人工智能系统明年将会辅助医生做疾病诊断。next year将来时间标志，will assist。A 一般现在时；B 一般过去时；D 现在完成时。 16.Look at the dark clouds.It ______.We’d better take our smart-phone power banks inside. A.is going to rain B.will rain C.rains D.rained 【答案】A 【详解】考点：be going to 表根据现有迹象预判将要发生。句意：看乌云，快要下雨了。我们最好把手机充电宝拿到室内。看见乌云是客观迹象，用 is going to rain。辨析：will 多表示临时决定；be going to 侧重已有迹象预判。B will rain 临时决定；C 一般现在时；D 过去式。 17.According to the plan,robots ______ much repetitive factory work for workers in several years. A.take B.will take C.took D.have taken 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般将来时。句意：按照规划，数年之后机器人将会替工人完成大量重复性工厂工作。in several years若干年后，将来时间标志，will take。A 一般现在时；C 过去式；D 现在完成时。 18.Scientists predict green new energy ______ the main power source in most cities by 2035. A.becomes B.will become C.became D.has become 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般将来时；句意：科学家预测，到 2035 年绿色新能源将会成为大多数城市的主要能源。predict 预测后接将来事态。by 2035 未来时间点，will become。A 一般现在时；C 过去式；D 现在完成时。 19.You______ your parents again in a few days. A.will see B.had seen C.have seen D.have been seen 【答案】A 【详解】考点：一般将来时。句意：几天之后你就会再次见到你的父母。in a few days几天后，表将来，will see。B 过去完成时；C 现在完成时；D 被动语态，本句不需要被动。 20.Look out! The robot arm ______.Keep away from the working area. A.is about to move B.will move C.is going to move D.moves 【答案】A 【详解】考点：be about to do 即刻马上发生。句意：小心！机械臂马上就要动了。远离作业区域。Look out! 提示危险马上来临，be about to do 表示即刻就要发生。be going to 侧重迹象计划；will 表将来；be about to 强调立刻马上。B will move；C is going to move；D 一般现在时，不能体现即刻危险。 提升篇 一、词汇与语法 (每小题4分，共15小题，共60分) 1.Everyone knows that the sun______ in the east and______ in the west. A.rose;set B.rises; set C.rise; sets D.rises; sets 【答案】D 【详解】考点：一般现在时，客观真理，主谓三单。句意：众所周知，太阳东升西落。太阳客观规律，rise 和 set 都使用三单形式 rises; sets。A 过去式；B 第二个动词没有三单；C 动词原形。 2.Nobody but my classmates ______ to take part in the competition every year. A.want B.wants C.wanted D.is wanting 【答案】B 【详解】考点：主谓一致：句意：每年除了我的同学之外，没有人想要参加这场比赛。句中nobody but… 就远原则。but 连接主语，真正主语是 nobody（单数）；every year 一般现在时，谓语 wants。A 复数谓语；C 过去式；Dwant 不用于进行时态。 3.If you ______ harder at your lessons, you ______ good grades in the coming exam. A.work; will get B.will work; get C.work; get D.will work; will get 【答案】A 【详解】考点：if 条件状语从句：主将从现。句意：如果你更加努力学习功课，你将会在即将到来的考试取得好成绩。if 从句用一般现在时 work，主句一般将来时 will get。B 从句用将来时错误；C 主句不用一般现在时；D 从句将来时错误。 4.—When ______ the next bus ______ for Changsha? —At 14:30, according to the timetable. A.do; leave B.does; leaves C.does; leave D.is; leave 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般现在时表时刻表；特殊疑问句助动词用法。句意：—— 下一班开往长沙的公交车什么时候发车？—— 根据时刻表，14:30 发车。timetable 时刻表；主语 the next bus 三单，助动词 does 提前，后面谓语动词还原为原形 leave。A 助动词 do；B 助动词后动词不能用 leaves；D be 动词后不能接动词原形 leave。 5.He seldom ______ late for work,but he ______ late yesterday. A.is; was B.are; was C.was; is D.be; were 【答案】A 【详解】考点：时态对比：一般现在时 + 一般过去时。句意：他上班很少迟到，但是昨天他迟到了。seldom（很少）描述常态，一般现在时 is；yesterday 昨天过去时间，用 was。Bare 主语复数；C 时态颠倒；Dbe 动词原形。 6.He ______ great progress when he took part in the national vocational skills contest. A.makes B.made C.has made D.is making 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时。句意：当他参加全国职业技能大赛的时候，他取得了巨大进步。when 从句中 took part in 是过去式，描述过去赛事发生的事，主句用 made。A 一般现在时；C 现在完成时；D 现在进行时。 7.China ______ another manned spaceship into space in May 2025. A.launches B.launched C.has launched D.was launching 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时，过去时间事件。句意：中国在 2025 年 5 月发射了另一艘载人飞船。明确过去时间 in May 2025，动作发生完毕，launched。A 一般现在时；C 现在完成时（有明确过去时间点不用现在完成时）；D 过去进行时。 8.It was too dark.So he______ the light and began to read books. A.turns on B.turns off C.turned on D.turned off 【答案】C 【详解】【详解】考点：一般过去时；动词短语辨析；and 并列谓语时态一致。句意：天太黑了，于是他打开灯，开始看书。前文`It was too dark`用一般过去时描述过去场景；and 连接并列谓语，谓语动词要使用过去式。turn on 意为 “打开（电器）”，turn off 意为 “关闭（电器）”。天黑要读书需要开灯，turn on 的过去式是 turned on。A 一般现在时三单；B时态、语义均错；D 短语语义与语境冲突。 9.The team ______ their prize on the stage when the ceremony started the day before yesterday. A.accept B.accepted C.has accepted D.was accepted 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时，主动语态。句意：前天颁奖典礼开始的时候，这支队伍在舞台上领取了奖项。the day before yesterday前天过去时间；队伍主动领奖，accepted。A 原形；C 现在完成时；D 被动语态，队伍是领奖主体，不用被动。 10.Sales of e-books have greatly increased since the early 2010s,when people______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. A.begin B.began C.have begun D.had begun 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般过去时，定语从句时间。句意：电子书销量自 21 世纪 10 年代初大幅增长，那时人们开始享受这项新技术带来的便利。when 指代 the early 2010s，过去时间，动作发生于过去，began。A 一般现在时；C 现在完成时；D 过去完成时（不需要 “过去的过去” 语境）。 11.With the development of AI,many new jobs ______ for young technical students in the near future. A.create B.will be created C.are created D.were created 【答案】B 【详解】考点：一般将来时被动语态。句意：随着人工智能的发展，在不久的将来，会为青年技术学生创造许多新岗位。in the near future不久的将来；jobs 工作岗位 “被创造”，will be created。A 主动原形；C 一般现在被动；D 过去被动。 12.If you keep practicing your professional skills,you ______ more chances in the job market. A.will get B.get C.got D.have got 【答案】A 【详解】考点：if 条件状语从句，主将从现。句意：如果你坚持练习你的专业技能，你将会在就业市场获得更多机会。if 从句一般现在时，主句将来时 will get。B 一般现在时；C 过去式；D 现在完成时。 13.Many teachers from cities______to the western provinces of our country to help the poor students there next year. A.will send B.are sent C.will be sent D.were sent 【答案】C 【详解】考点：一般将来时被动语态。句意：明年许多城市教师将会被派往我国西部省份帮助那里的贫困学生。next year 将来时间；teachers 教师是 “被派遣”，will be sent。A 主动语态；B 一般现在被动；D 过去被动。 14.You ______ waste your time on useless short-videos,or you ______ fail your skill assessment. A.won’t; are going to B.shouldn’t; will C.aren’t; will be D.don’t; would 【答案】B 【详解】考点：情态动词 + 将来时态。句意：你不应该把时间浪费在无用短视频上，否则你的技能考核将会不及格。shouldn’t 不应该；or（否则）引出将来的后果，will fail。A 语义不通；C be 动词不能接动词原形 waste；D would 时态错误。 15.—The light is on in the teacher’s office. —Oh, our instructor ______ give us feedback on our internship report soon. A.is about to B.was about to C.would D.is going to 【答案】D 【详解】考点：将来表达is going to和is about to辨析。句意：—— 教师办公室灯还亮着。—— 哦，我们的指导老师很快就要给我们实习报告写反馈了。is about to do不能与 soon 连用；be going to do 可与 soon 搭配，表示计划即将发生，选 is going to。is about to：马上立刻，不与 soon 连用； is going to：计划、预计不久后发生，可搭配 soon。A 语法搭配冲突；B 过去将来；C would。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $