2027届高三英语一轮复习 热点时事语法填空专项（43-45）

2027届高三英语一轮复习 热点时事语法填空专项（43-45） 本期导读： Passage 43 青少年为何熬夜 Passage 44 高温如何阻碍我们思考 Passage 45 中秋节 语法填空： Passage 43 青少年为何熬夜 No one needs a scientific study to know that when children reach 1 (adolescent), they begin to stay up later at night. But the reasons for staying up late are 2 (vary), and insufficient sleep can lead to sub‑optimal school performance, poor emotion control and poor health. Two primary influencing areas are biological factors and social‑behavioral factors. Biological explanations focus on puberty‑related delayed melatonin secretion and circadian phase delay. Non‑physiological factors include late‑night screen activities 3 school‑related tasks conflicting with early school start times. These factors may interact, 4 screen light delays melatonin release. A recent Pediatrics study found behavioral rather than biological factors 5 (link) to delayed sleep phase. 6 biology plays a role, Behavioral factors are more 7____ (influence) and modifiable. Structural changes alone cannot guarantee adequate sleep even with selfdiscipline. People often ignore 8 counts most in sleep adjustment: individual self‑management. Researchers also stress that teenagers 9 (strong) benefit from reducing screen time before bedtime. Good sleep habits deserve 10 (attach) great importance to. Passage 44 高温如何阻碍我们思考 Heat waves are becoming more common. Besides direct physical health dangers, high temperatures damage mental abilities and lead to bad decisions. This effect may result 1 physical changes in brain blood flow, together with heat‑caused 2 (tire) and sleep problems. A 2018 study in Boston found students without air‑conditioning performed 3 (bad) on maths and attention‑related tasks than students with cooling equipment. Though the study involved a small number of people, it matches lab tests 4 show heat weakens memory, attention and brain control. A large‑scale 2024 Chinese survey, 5 (base) on real‑life data, draws a similar conclusion. According to climate‑change forecasts, average human mental ability could drop by 5‑7% by 2100, with the old and certain social groups 6 (suffer) more harm. Practical advice is 7 (postpone) important choices on hot days, control sudden judgments, and cool your body before you make key decisions. It is also 8 (advise) that we stay calm in hot weather. 9 we should keep in mind is that it is essential that we 10 (pay) enough attention to heat‑related risks.  Passage 45中秋节 The Mid‑Autumn Festival is a time for families 1 (gather) together in China. It falls 2 the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, when the full moon rises high in the sky. On this day, people enjoy 3 (traditional) moon‑shaped desserts called moon cakes. Family members get together, eating moon cakes and fresh fruits. The moon looks far 4 (bright) on this special night. Those 5 cannot return home will look at the full moon and think of their families, full of 6 (long) for home. This tradition 7 (exist) for thousands of years among Chinese people. As an ancient Chinese poem goes, it is high time that people 8 (value) this precious cultural heritage. 9 makes the festival special is its strong emotional connection with family. It is obvious that the festival plays an important role in 10 (we) Chinese culture. Passage 43 青少年为何熬夜 参考答案 1. adolescence 2. varied 3. and 4. for 5. linked 6. Though/Although 7. influential 8. what 9. strongly 10. attaching 逐题详解 1. adolescence 【考点】形容词→名词词形转换 【解析】reach为及物动词，后接名词作宾语；adolescent为形容词，adolescence 名词：青春期。reach adolescence 步入青春期。 2. varied 【考点】动词转换形容词作表语 【解析】空格前面已有be动词are，此处需要形容词作表语；vary动词，变为形容词varied，意为“各种各样的”。the reasons are varied 熬夜的原因多种多样。 高频辨析：various只能放在名词前作定语（various reasons），不能放在be动词后作表语。 3. and 【考点】并列连词 【解析】并列两类事物 late‑night screen activities 和 school‑related tasks，表并列列举。不用or，此处是并存两类因素，不是选择关系。 4. for 【考点】介词 【解析】for对前句“因素会相互作用”给出解释原因：屏幕光线会推迟褪黑素释放。 5. linked 【考点】过去分词作宾补 【解析】find sth done结构；factors和link构成被动关系，be linked to“与……相关”，去掉be填linked。 6. Though/Although 【考点】让步状语从句引导词 【解析】句意：虽然生物因素起一定作用，但行为因素影响更大。引导让步从句，句首首字母大写。主句不能再加but。 7. influential 【考点】词性转换 【解析】空格位于系动词 are 之后，and 并列连接两个表语，后面是形容词 modifiable，此处需要形容词；influence 的形容词形式 influential，表示 “有影响力的”。 8. what 【考点】what引导宾语从句 【解析】ignore后的宾语从句缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，用what。that引导名词性从句不作句子成分，不能填that。 9. strongly 【考点】形容词变副词 【解析】修饰动词benefit，需要副词作状语；strong→strongly，意为“极大地”。 10. attaching 【考点】动名词   【解析】固定搭配 deserve doing = deserve to be done ，动名词形式主动表达被动含义； attach great importance to 意为“高度重视”。句意：良好睡眠习惯值得被高度重视。to be attached语法同样成立，但本题命题意图考查 deserve doing 特殊结构，最佳答案为attaching。  Passage 44 高温如何阻碍我们思考 参考答案 1. in 2. tiredness 3. worse 4. that/which 5. based 6. suffering 7. to postpone 8. advised 9. What 10. (should) pay 逐题解析 1. in 【考点】介词 【解析】固定搭配 result in 意为“导致；造成”。区分 result from（由……引起）。 2. tiredness 【考点】动词转换名词 【解析】together with后接名词，和sleep problems并列；tire动词→tiredness名词：疲劳。heat‑caused tiredness 高温引发的疲劳。不可填tired/tiring，此处需要名词作宾语。 3. worse 【考点】副词比较级 【解析】后文有比较标志than，bad的比较级worse；perform worse 表现更差。 4. that/which 【考点】限制性定语从句 【解析】先行词lab tests指事物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词that/which；what不能引导定语从句。 5. based 【考点】过去分词作后置定语 【解析】survey与base是被动关系，be based on“以……为依据”；去掉be动词，用过去分词based作后置定语。 6. suffering 【考点】现在分词 【解析】groups与suffer为主动逻辑，with +宾语 + doing，填现在分词suffering。 7. to postpone 【考点】不定式作表语 【解析】be动词is后用不定式to do作表语，用来解释advice的具体内容。 8. advised 【考点】被动语态 【解析】固定句型 It is advised that…“人们建议……”，被动结构。 9. What 【考点】what引导主语从句 【解析】主语从句内部缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，句首大写What。 10. (should) pay 【考点】虚拟语气（主语从句虚拟） 【解析】句型 It is essential that +主语 + (should) +动词原形，should可以省略。 Passage 45中秋节 参考答案 1. to gather 2. on 3. traditionally 4. brighter 5. who 6. longing 7. has existed 8. valued / should value 9. What 10. our 逐题解析 1. to gather 【解析】不定式作后置定语，a time for sb to do sth 2. on 【解析】具体日期前用on 3. traditionally 【解析】形容词→副词词形转换，修饰名词短语 4. brighter 【解析】形容词比较级，far用来修饰比较级 5. who 【解析】限制性定语从句，先行词those指人 6. longing 【解析】动词→名词词形转换，longing for 思念 7. has existed 【解析】现在完成时，时间标志for thousands of years 8. valued / should value 【解析】虚拟语气：it is high time that‑从句，两种形式： ①从句谓语用一般过去式 valued（高考最常考） ②should + 动词原形 should value，should不能省略；此句式中should不可以去掉 9. What 【解析】what引导主语从句，what在从句内作主语 10. our 【解析】人称代词主格转换为形容词性物主代词 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $