内容正文:
Unit 4 Safety first
专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练
高频易错点03 情态动词may的用法
高频易错点01 情态动词should的用法
高频易错点02 祈使句的用法
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
情态动词should的用法 高频易错点01
should 表示“应该”,用来给出建议或告诉别人正确的做法。
肯定句:主语 + should + 动词原形。
We should warm up first. You should keep to the right.
否定句:主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形。
You shouldn't run on the stairs. We shouldn't push others.
一般疑问句:Should + 主语 + 动词原形?
Should I warm up first?
特殊疑问句:What should +主语+ do?
What should we do?
易错点提示
1.用来提出建议和忠告,后面接动词原形。
She should wear more clothes. 她应该多穿点衣服。
2.shouldn't 是 should not 的缩写,表示“不应该”,用来告诉别人错误的或危险的做法。
否定形式 should not= shouldn't.
You shouldn't eat too much meat.你不应该吃太多肉。
小练笔
用should或shouldn't填空。
1. We ________ wash our hands before eating.
2. He ________ ride a bike without a helmet.
3. She ________ watch too much TV.
4. You ________ keep quiet in the library.
5. They ________ exercise every day.
点拨
答案1. should 2. shouldn't 3. shouldn't 4. should 5. should
1. We should wash our hands before eating.
解析:饭前洗手是正确的行为,用should。
2. He shouldn't ride a bike without a helmet.
解析:骑车不戴头盔是危险错误的行为,用shouldn't。
3. She shouldn't watch too much TV.
解析:看太多电视是不好的行为,用shouldn't。
4. You should keep quiet in the library.
解析:图书馆保持安静是应当遵守的规则,用should。
5. They should exercise every day.
解析:每天锻炼是有益、应当做的事,用should。
祈使句的用法高频易错点02
一、祈使句概念
1. 用于表达命令、请求、建议、劝告或禁止等的句子
2. 主语“You”通常被省略,一般以动词原形开头
3. 可在句首或句末加上Please表示礼貌
4. 句末用感叹号或者问号,用降调来读
二、祈使句类型
肯定祈使句
①动词原形开头+其他
例:Be careful! You should look left and right before crossing the road.
②Let+人称代词+动词原形+其他 (让某人做某事)
例:Let me help you.
③Please+动词原形+其他 (表委婉语气)
例:Please move out of the way.
否定祈使句
①Do型和Be型:在句首加Don’t或never ,eg:Don’t be careless.
②Let型:Let+宾语+not+动原 或Don’t+let+宾语+动原 ,
eg:Let’s not say anything.
Don’t let us go, please.
易错点提示
祈使句的应答方式
肯定回答:OK./Sure./All right.
Please close the window. → OK.
否定回答:Sorry, I can’t.(需说明原因)
Let’s go swimming today. → Sorry, I have to study.
小练笔
用所给动词正确形式填空。
1. _______ (be) quiet in the library.
2. _______ (not run) on the grass, boys.
3. Let _______ (we) look at the lovely birds.
4. Please _______ (give) me a nice flower.
5. _______ (not pick) the apples in the park.
6. Let her _______ (draw) a picture beside the lake.
7. _______ (not be) late for school.
8. Please _______ (not play) ball games beside the pond.
点拨
1. 答案:Be
解析:肯定祈使句,be动词使用原形置于句首,首字母大写。句意:在图书馆保持安静。
2. 答案:Don't run
解析:否定祈使句,结构为Don't +动词原形。句意:男孩们,不要在草地上跑。
3. 答案:us
解析:let为动词,后面人称代词要用宾格形式,we的宾格是us。句意:让我们看看这些可爱的小鸟。
4. 答案:give
解析:please后面接动词原形。句意:请给我一朵漂亮的花。
5. 答案:Don't pick
解析:否定祈使句,Don't+动词原形,句首首字母大写。句意:不要摘公园里的苹果。
6. 答案:draw
解析:固定句型let sb. do sth.,let后接动词原形。句意:让她在湖边画一幅画。
7. 答案:Don't be
解析:否定祈使句,Don't后接be动词原形;be late for是固定短语,意为迟到。句意:上学不要迟到。
8. 答案:don't play
解析:please引导的否定祈使句,使用Please don't +动词原形结构。句意:请不要在池塘边玩球类游戏。
情态动词may的用法高频易错点03
情态动词 may 表示可能性
may 表示“也许,可能”,用来推测一件事情有可能发生。
结构:主语 + may + 动词原形。
You may hurt them. 你可能会伤到他们。
You may fall down. 你可能会跌倒。
may 的否定形式:may not
He may not come today.
他今天可能不会来。
易错点提示
✨may:多用于推测、可能性(也许、可能);也可礼貌请求许可。否定:may not 也许不
✨can:多用于能力(会)、许可(可以)。
注意:May I…? 的肯定回答不能用may,要用can。
You may hurt yourself. 你可能会伤到自己。
You can swim here. 你可以在这里游泳。
小练笔
用 may / can 填空。
1. You ______ slip on the wet floor.
2. I ______ sing English songs.
3. It ______ rain this afternoon.
4. —______ I open the window?
—Yes, you ______.
5. He ______ not go to the park, he is busy.
点拨
1. 答案:may
解析:may 表示推测、可能。句意:你可能会在湿地板上滑倒。这里是猜测会发生危险,用may。
2. 答案:can
解析:can 表示能力,会。句意:我会唱英文歌。表达自己具备唱歌的能力,用can。
3. 答案:may
解析:may 表示推测,也许。句意:今天下午可能会下雨。对天气进行猜测,用may。
4. 答案:May;can
解析:问句用May I…? 用来礼貌征求许可“我可以……吗?”;肯定回答固定用 Yes, you can.
句意:——我可以打开窗户吗?——是的,你可以。
5. 答案:may
解析:may not 表示“也许不、可能不”,表推测。句意:他也许不去公园了,他很忙。
综合训练
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.You should __________ (warm) up before doing sports.
2.She always __________ (keep) to the right on the stairs.
3.We should __________ (follow) the safety rules at school.
4.__________ (be) careful! The floor is wet.
5.We shouldn’t __________ (push) others when we play games.
6.Don’t __________ ( push ) others in the hallway.
7.We must __________ ( wait ) for the green light before we cross the road.
8.This is my new friend. Please listen to __________ (she) carefully.
9.__________ (not swim) in the river. It’s dangerous.
10.________(should) her sister ________(brush) her teeth?
二、单项选择。
( )11.You ______ run or chase each other on the stairs.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
( )12.—Should I warm up before PE class?
—______
A.Yes, you should. B.Yes, you shouldn’t. C.No, you should.
( )13.We should ______ our classmates when they fall down.
A.help B.helps C.helping
( )14.The little girl can __________ very high.
A.jump B.jumps C.jumping
( )15.Please don’t __________ in the library.
A.shouts B.shout C.shouting
( )16.You __________ climb the wall. It’s too dangerous.
A.should B.shouldn’t C.can
( )17.—__________ she eat too much candy?
—No, she __________.
A.Should; shouldn’t B.Do; don’t C.Can; can
( )18.It’s time __________ play basketball with friends.
A.for B.to C.at
( )19.Don’t __________ the little dog.
A.hurt B.hurts C.hurting
( )20.__________ first! We can’t forget this rule.
A.Safe B.Safety C.Safely
三、句型转换。
21.We should warm up before sports. (改为否定句)
We _______ _______ warm up before sports.
22.I should take a rest. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定/否定回答)
__________ __________ take a rest?
No, __________ __________.
23.It’s time to go home. (改为同义句)
It’s time ______ ______.
24.You can’t take any medicine. (用should代替can’t改写句子)
You __________ take __________ medicine.
25.We should protect the Earth. (对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ we __________?
四、补全对话/短文,选择合适的句子,补全对话。(有一项是多余的)
Mum: Tom, 26.__________
Tom: I’m running on the stairs! It’s fun!
Mum: Stop! It’s dangerous.
Tom: Oops!
Mum: Oh no! 27.__________
Tom: 28.__________29.__________, Mum?
Mum: 30.__________Let me take you to the hospital.
A.What should I do?
B.You should warm up first.
C.Be careful! Don’t run on the stairs.
D.I hurt my leg.
E.You should see a doctor.
F.What’s wrong with you?
五、阅读判断,阅读故事,判断正(T)误(F)。
It is Monday morning. Tom and his friends are in the playground. They are having a PE lesson. Mr Wang is their PE teacher. “Listen, children!” says Mr Wang. “Safety first! You should warm up before you do sports.”
But Jack doesn’t warm up. He starts running very quickly. “Look at me! I’m so fast!” Jack shouts. Then, oh no! Jack falls down on the ground. His leg hurts. He can’t stand up.
“Are you OK, Jack?” asks Tom. “My leg hurts,” says Jack. “I shouldn’t run without warming up.”
Mr Wang comes over. “Don’t worry. Let me help you,” he says. He takes Jack to the school nurse. “Remember, children,” says Mr Wang. “Always warm up first. It keeps you safe.”
( )31.The children are having a PE lesson on Monday morning.
( )32.Jack warms up before he runs.
( )33.Jack falls down and hurts his leg.
( )34.Tom takes Jack to the hospital.
( )35.The story tells us we should always warm up before sports.
参考答案
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. 答案:warm
解析:should是情态动词,后面接动词原形。句意:做运动前你应该热身。
2. 答案:keeps
解析:always是一般现在时标志,主语she是第三人称单数,动词keep变keeps。句意:在楼梯上她总是靠右走。
3. 答案:follow
解析:should情态动词,后接动词原形。句意:在学校我们应该遵守安全规则。
4. 答案:Be
解析:祈使句以动词原形开头,be动词原形be,句首大写。句意:小心!地板是湿的。
5. 答案:push
解析:shouldn’t(should not)情态动词否定形式,后接动词原形。句意:玩游戏的时候我们不应该推别人。
6. 答案:push
解析:Don’t+动词原形,否定祈使句。句意:不要在走廊推别人。
7. 答案:wait
解析:must情态动词,后面跟动词原形。句意:过马路前我们必须等绿灯。
8. 答案:her
解析:listen to中to是介词,介词后用人称代词宾格;she的宾格her。句意:这是我的新朋友,请认真听她讲话。
9. 答案:Don’t swim
解析:否定祈使句结构Don’t+动词原形,句首大写。句意:不要在河里游泳,很危险。
10. 答案:Should;brush
解析:should情态动词变疑问句直接提前,后面仍用动词原形。句意:她姐姐应该刷牙吗?
二、单项选择
11. 答案:B
解析:shouldn’t不应该;楼梯上追逐奔跑是危险行为。句意:你不可以在楼梯上跑或者互相追逐。
12. 答案:A
解析:Should I…? 肯定回答Yes, you should.;否定回答No, you shouldn’t。B、C回答格式错误。句意:—体育课之前我应该热身吗?—是的,你应该。
13. 答案:A
解析:should情态动词,后接动词原形。句意:当同学们摔倒时我们应该帮助他们。
14. 答案:A
解析:can情态动词,后接动词原形。句意:这个小女孩可以跳得很高。
15. 答案:B
解析:don’t后面接动词原形。句意:请不要在图书馆大喊大叫。
16. 答案:B
解析:爬墙很危险,shouldn’t不应该。句意:你不应该爬墙,太危险了。
17. 答案:A
解析:Should引导一般疑问句,否定回答No, she shouldn’t。句意:—她应该吃太多糖果吗?—不,她不应该。
18. 答案:B
解析:固定句型 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事了。句意:到和朋友们打篮球的时间了。
19. 答案:A
解析:Don’t后接动词原形。句意:不要伤害这只小狗。
20. 答案:B
解析:Safety first 固定短语“安全第一”;safety名词安全;safe形容词安全的;safely副词安全地。句意:安全第一!我们不能忘记这条规则。
三、句型转换
21. 答案:should not
解析:should的否定形式should not(缩写shouldn't),后接动词原形。句意:运动前我们不应该热身。
22. 答案:Should you;you shouldn’t
解析:should变一般疑问句,should提前;I改为you;否定回答No, you shouldn’t。句意:—我应该休息一下吗?—不,你不应该。
23. 答案:for home
解析:同义转换:It’s time to do sth. = It’s time for +名词。home此处作名词。句意:该回家了。
24. 答案:shouldn’t;any
解析:can’t不能,替换为shouldn’t不应该;否定句用any。句意:你不应该乱吃药。
25. 答案:What should;do
解析:对动作protect the Earth提问用what;should提前,原动作使用动词do代替。句意:我们应该做什么?
四、补全对话/短文,选择合适的句子,补全对话。(有一项是多余的)
答案:26. C 27. F 28. D 29. A 30. E
解析:
26.C 妈妈看到Tom在楼梯跑,提醒:小心!不要在楼梯上跑。对应Tom回答我正在楼梯上跑。
27.F Oops之后妈妈询问:你怎么了?
28.D Tom回答:我的腿受伤了。
29.A 接着提问:妈妈,我该怎么办?
30.E 妈妈给出建议:你应该去看医生,我带你去医院。
五、阅读判断,阅读故事,判断正(T)误(F)。
短文大意:周一上午上体育课,王老师提醒运动前要热身。Jack没有热身就快速奔跑,摔倒伤到腿。王老师送他去校医室,告诉大家运动前一定要热身保护自己。
31.答案:T
解析:原文It is Monday morning. Tom and his friends are in the playground. They are having a PE lesson。周一上午孩子们在上体育课。
32.答案:F
解析:原文But Jack doesn’t warm up. Jack没有热身,题干说他热身了,错误。
33.答案:T
解析:Jack falls down on the ground. His leg hurts. Jack摔倒并且伤到腿。
34.答案:F
解析:Mr Wang takes Jack to the school nurse,是王老师送他,不是Tom;也不是hospital医院,是school nurse校医室。
35.答案:T
解析:文章结尾Always warm up first. It keeps you safe。故事告诉我们运动前要热身。
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