Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦“一般过去时、used to和现在完成时”核心语法点，通过Warming up环节对比“过去步行几小时看医生”与“现在村庄附近建了新医院”的情境，搭建“过去vs现在”的学习支架，帮助学生建立时态与时间变化的关联。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过单词带音标释义、例句配中文翻译、对比表格（如时间状语、核心逻辑差异）系统梳理时态用法，结合对话填空和短文补全练习让学生在语境中运用。这既提升学生语言理解与表达能力，又培养分析比较思维，教师可直接利用结构化内容高效教学，学生能明确时态使用场景。

The Changing World UNIT 1 Section A Grammar Focus digital adj. 电子的 audio adj.音频的 n. 音频 digital books 电子书 audio books 有声书 dirt n. 泥土；尘土 track n. 小路；轨道 wide adj. 宽的；宽阔的 Most roads were just dirt tracks. 大多数道路只是泥土路。 The road is wide enough for two cars to pass. 这条路足够宽，能并排过两辆车。 能够区分并正确使用一般过去时、used to 和现在完成时； 能在对话和短文中根据时间状语和语境选择正确的动词形式； 理解时态变化如何体现“过去 vs 现在”的对比。 Look at the following pictures. How did people see a doctor in the past? What about now? In the past, people used to walk for hours to see a doctor. Now, they have built a new hospital near the village. 4a Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. They haven’t seen each other for ages! We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. Our village has just built a new hospital. Many people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. 大约20年前，他成了你祖父的好朋友。 They haven't seen each other for ages! 他们都多年没有见过彼此了。 过去某个时间点发生，用一般过去时 表示情况从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时 We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. 我们过去不得不去很远的地方看医生。 Our village has just built a new hospital. 我们村刚建了一所新医院。 used to do 表示过去的情况，用一般过去时；但带有“对比现在”的含义。 表示动作发生在离现在很近的过去，强调“医院刚修完，对现在有影响”，用现在完成时。 Many people used to work in big cities. 许多人过去在大城市工作。 Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 现在他们中有更多人回来这里生活和工作了。 前一句和后一句形成对比，现在完成时在这里说明从过去到现在的这种变化结果。 1. 一般过去时的意义 （1）表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday、last night、in 1990、two days ago 等。 e.g. He got up early yesterday. I visited my grandparents last week. （2）也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和 often、always 等表示频度的状语连用。 e.g. He always went to work by bus last year. 一般过去时 现在完成时的意义 现在完成时可表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成 的影响或结果。 e.g. I have done the dishes.    (强调餐具已经洗干净了) Sam has found a good way to solve the problem. (强调已经找到了解决问题的方法) 现在完成时 1. 一般过去时（Simple Past） 只描述过去，和现在切断联系 动作发生、结束在明确的过去时间，单纯陈述一件往事，不关心对当下有无影响。 2. 现在完成时（Present Perfect） 连接过去与现在 动作起点在过去，但落脚点是现在，要么强调当下结果，要么动作持续到此刻。 一、核心本质区别 含be动词的一般过去时 含实义动词的一般过去时 肯定句 主语 + was / were + 其他. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. 否定句 主语 + was / were + not + 其他. 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他. 一般疑问句 Was / Were + 主语 + 其他? Did + 主语 + 动词原形 +其他? 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + was / were. Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答 No, 主语 + wasn't / weren't. No, 主语 + didn't. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was / were + 主语 + 其他? 疑问词(主语who除外) + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 2. 一般过去时的构成 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时 结构：①be 动词：主语 + was/were ②实义动词：主语+动词过去式（v-ed / 不规则变形） 否定：①主语+wasn’t/weren’t ② 主语+didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：①Was/Were + 主语 ② Did + 主语 + 原形 例： I was busy yesterday. I visited Paris last year. 2. 现在完成时的构成 肯定句：主语 + have / has +动词过去分词 + 其他 否定句：主语 + have / has + not + 动词过去分词 + 其他 一般疑问句及回答：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他    肯定回答：Yes，主语 + have / has 否定回答：No，主语 + haven’t / hasn’t 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have / has + 主语 + 动词过去分词+ 其他？ 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时 结构：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 (done) 否定：主语 + haven't /hasn't + done 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + done 例： I have visited Paris twice. She has lived here since 2020. 一般过去时 现在完成时 带具体、截止的过去时间点 无明确过去时点，侧重至今 时间状语 yesterday, last week/year, …ago, just now,then, in 2018, at 5 p.m. already(肯 句中), yet(否/疑 句末), for + 时间段， since + 时间点/一段时间ago/句子(一般过去时), so far, just, ever, never, before, recently, in the past few years 询问动作持续多久（How long）只用现在完成时 共用状语 this morning, this month, tonight I saw two films this morning. （早上已过完，过去时） I have seen two films this morning. （现在还是上午，完成时） 用法 1：过去动作对现在有无影响（最高频考点） 一般过去时：动作结束，不影响现在 I lost my pen yesterday. 我昨天丢了笔。（后来找回来了，现在手里有笔） 现在完成时：动作造成当下状态 I have lost my pen. 我把笔弄丢了。（现在没笔，没法写字） 用法 2：持续动作 一般过去时：过去一段持续，现已终止 He lived in London for 3 years. 他在伦敦住过三年。（现在不住了） 现在完成时：从过去持续到现在，可能继续 He has lived in London for 3 years. 他在伦敦住了三年。（现在还住在伦敦） 用法 3：人生经历（到目前为止） 一般过去时：某次特定过去经历，带时间 I went to Japan in 2022. 2022 年我去过日本。 现在完成时：泛指人生经历，无具体时间 I have been to Japan twice. 我去过日本两次。（至今为止的经历） A: _______ you ______ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I __________ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ______ (open)? A: It ______ (open) last Friday. I ______ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ____ you ____ (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ____ ever ______ (visit). B: Oh, what ____ you ____ (see) there? A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. I also ____ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa ______ (listen) to some audio books because he can’t see well. B: Cool! I ________ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. 4b Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Have been didn't know open opened went Do like have visited did see read listened will bring have been to 去过某地(已经回来) have gone to去了某地(还未回来) have been in 已经在…多久了(现在还在) 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Why are local people richer and happier than before? Now great changes _________ (take) place. The government __________ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges over mountains and rivers. A journey that used to _______ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people ______________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once _______ (be). In the past, it ____ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ____ (be) no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ______ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. was be made have taken have built take has improved were Summary 一般过去时（过去特定时间） ①be 动词：主语 + was/were ②实义动词：主语+动词过去式（v-ed / 不规则变形） 现在完成时（影响现在，无具体过去时间） ①主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 (done) used to do（过去常做，现在不） ①主语 + used to + V原 有过去具体时间 → 一般过去时 过去习惯今不同 → used to do 动作影响到现在 → 现在完成时 基础层（必做） 背诵Grammar Focus 提高层（选做） 句型转换：改写句子，分别用一般过去时 /used to / 现在完成时表达同一含义； 拓展层（选做） 短文仿写：模仿 4c 贵州文段，写 80 词短文《Changes in My Hometown》。 创意写作：120 词小作文，对比十年前的城市与现在，三种时态混合使用； Thanks $