Unit 1 The Changing World Section B 1a ～1f 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕“蒙巴萨-内罗毕铁路”这一说明类语篇，聚焦语篇结构、时间对比衔接手段及铁路带来的变化与影响。课堂导入通过生活问题（如出行方式、慢火车体验）和小组讨论激活学生经验，搭建从旧铁路问题到新铁路优势的认知支架，衔接数字运用、语法解析等语言知识。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（如过去分词作定语、让步状语从句等语法讲解）、文化意识（中非合作案例）和思维品质（对比旧新铁路、引用多方观点分析影响）。采用视频辅助、地图图示、数字匹配等直观教学方法，通过文本结构梳理和核心考点总结帮助学生构建知识体系，提升语篇理解与表达能力，也为教师提供清晰的教学路径和丰富的互动素材。

The Changing World UNIT 1 Section B 1a ~1f Section B How do changes influence us? 能够理解说明类语篇的结构特征与基本语言特点，并在语篇中识别时间、对比类衔接手段。 能够理解蒙巴萨 - 内罗毕铁路相关文章的主要内容，了解新铁路带来的变化与影响。 能够理解作者常用的写作技巧，如通过对比旧铁路与新铁路突出优势、通过引用他人观点增强说服力等。 能够利用关键词和关键信息归纳段落大意，梳理文章脉络。 能够分析推理出蒙内铁路对当地居民、商业和民生带来的具体影 响。 能够理解国际合作对共同发展的重要意义，树立开放合作的意识。 How do you usually travel between cities? By bus, train or plane? Have you ever taken a very slow train? How did it feel? If a trip used to take 10 hours but now takes only 4 hours, how would that change your life? Think of one change in your hometown’s transportation over the past five years. How has it changed your daily life? You can use numbers to support your idea. 1a Does your hometown have a train system? How does it benefit local lives? No, my hometown Xinning County doesn’t have any train system at all. There are no railway stations or train lines around our town and schools. Since we don’t have trains, local people mainly take buses to travel. Without trains, we can’t take fast, cheap rail transport. It brings some inconvenience to our daily lives. For example, students who need to go to other cities for exams have to spend much more time on slow coaches. Also, local farmers find it harder to send fresh fruit and agricultural products to faraway markets quickly. How does it affect our local lives? If the only way to carry goods from the port to the capital takes 10 hours by train, what problems do you think the local people will face? Why do you think a new railway built with China's help can change this situation? Look at the title and the picture. What is the text probably about? Then read it quickly to check your prediction. 1b This text is probably about a new fast train / railway. What do you think the "fast track" in the title really refers to? The train, or something bigger? What type of writing is the text? A. A narrative B. An argumentative D. An expository text pre-reading C. A practical writing 记叙文 议论文 应用文 说明文 蒙巴萨-内罗毕铁路 图示为肯尼亚及周边区域地图，蒙巴萨-内罗毕新铁路贯穿肯尼亚南北，是东非交通网络的关键动脉，也是中非合作的标志性工程。 Scanning Watch the video and learn something about Mombasa-Nairobi railway. Fast-reading about 4 10 480 1901 2017 over 2 million _____________: the year the new railway was opened _____________: the year the old railway line was built _____________: the number of people who use the new train every year _____________: the length of the Mombasa-Nairobi railway in kilometres _____________: the hours it used to take to reach Nairobi from Mombasa by train _____________: the hours it takes to reach Nairobi from Mombasa now by train 1c Find these numbers in the text. Match the numbers with the information. 2017 480 1901 10 about 4 over 2 million It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train. It used to take a very long time, but now it’s much shorter. Which sentence is more convincing? Why does the writer use exact numbers like 480 km, 10 hours, 4 hours? 数字使内容‌具体、客观、可量化‌，提升可信度与说服力 1. In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa–Nairobi railway was opened. 2017年，全长480公里的蒙巴萨至内罗毕新铁路正式通车。 e.g. The bridge was opened to traffic in March 2025. 该桥于2025年3月通车。 open v. 通行；开放 be opened 被动语态 被投入使用 2. Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya’s main port, and Nairobi, Kenya’s capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901. 翻译： 在那之前，肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨与肯尼亚首都内罗毕之间唯一的交通连接是崎岖的道路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路。 Mombasa 的同位语 句子的主干 Nairobi的同位语 过去分词built修饰railway line 修饰 links 时间状语 主语 谓语 表语 It takes / took (sb.) + 时间 + to do sth.  (某人)花费……时间做某事 e.g. It takes about half an hour to get to the airport. 到机场大概需要半小时。 It took the writer one year to finish this novel. 这位作家完成这部小说花了一年的时间。 3. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train. 乘坐火车从蒙巴萨到内罗毕需要10个小时。 4. However, the new railway, built with China’s help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about four hours for passengers. 翻译： 然而，由中国帮助修建的新铁路，已经将蒙巴萨和内罗毕之间的客运旅行时间缩短到了约 4 小时。 句子的主干 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 railway 主语 谓语 宾语 修饰 travel time 5. Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway. 当地肯尼亚人从新铁路中获益良多。 e.g. The plants benefited from the rain. 植物得益于这场雨。 We are sure to benefit greatly from the new timetable. 我们肯定会大大得益于新的作息时间表。 The sea air will benefit you. 海边的空气对你有益。 benefit v. 得益于；使受益 benefit from 从……获益 benefit sb. / sth. 使某人/某物受益 Careful-reading 本句使用一般过去时的被动语态 (was opened)，强调动作发生在过去的特定时间(2017年)。使用被动语态是为了聚焦于“铁路通车”这一事件本身，而非执行开通动作的主体。 复合词形容词，480千米长的 作同位语，分别解释两座城市 It takes(took) sb. 时 to V原 sth. Careful-reading 过去分词短语作后置定语 which was built with China’s help 介词短语作后置定语，修饰 travel time cut sth. to + 数字 固定搭配：把…… 缩短至…… Careful-reading 从……中获益良多 get a lot of benefits from grain a great deal from 对……满意 过去分词作后置定语 take place 固定短语：发生；无被动语态，不能说 be taken place who 指代先行词 people，在从句中作主语，修饰 the people，译为 “住在这里的（居民）” 介词短语后置定语，修饰 experience 时间状语 since + 年份 抵达各地 be able to 谈生意、达成商业合作 with ease 轻松地（=easily） make + 宾语 + 形容词比较级 → make sth easier 让某物变得更简单 数百辆货车（lorry 英式英语 = truck 卡车） it takes sth to do 花费…… 来做某事 句式倒装：引号内容在前，said a supermarket manager 主谓倒装（正常语序：a supermarket manager said） 不定式 to eat 作后置定语，修饰 food，表 “用来吃的新鲜食物” Careful-reading “虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句；注意：although 不能和 but 在同一句中连用。 彼此相距很远 宾语从句,从句语序用陈述语序（主语 + can + 动词原形）； 目的状语：to build a better world（不定式表目的，用来……） 1. What type of writing is the text? 2. What was the problem with the old railway? 3. How have local Kenyans benefited from the new railway? 4. Why is it important to make food transport easier? 5. What does "on the fast track" mean? 1d Read again and answer the questions. 1. What type of writing is the text? It’s an expository text (说明文), which introduces the new railway and its influences. The old trains were extremely slow; it took 10 hours to travel between Mombasa and Nairobi. The transport conditions were poor before the new railway was built. 2. What was the problem with the old railway? Towns have developed rapidly and local people have become richer. Businessmen can travel cheaply and conveniently to finish business easily. Food transport has become much simpler, so locals can get more fresh food. 3. How have local Kenyans benefited from the new railway? 3. How have local Kenyans benefited from the new railway? It saves travel time: the journey between Mombasa and Nairobi is cut to about four hours. It brings convenience and lower cost: it is convenient and cheap, helping people get to places on time and make business deals easily. It helps local people become richer and brings changes to towns. It makes food transport easier, so people can eat more fresh food. Literally it means travelling on the fast railway; figuratively it stands for rapid development, faster transport and better life brought by the new railway. 4. Why is it important to make food transport easier? 5. What does “on the fast track” mean? It cuts transport costs and time, allows more fresh food to be delivered to residents, and improves people’s daily diet. Para.1 → Background and old railway problem Para.2 → Advantages of the new railway Para.3 → Benefits and comments from locals Para.4 → Theme and meaning of the railway Complete the table with the information from the text. Paragraph 1 introduction The new train line was ______ in 2017. old railway Paragraph 2 new railway built The old railway line was built in 1901. The old trains were very slow. Built with China’s help, it has cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about four hours for passengers. Now more than two million people use it every year. Paragraph 3 comments from locals government worker: businessman: He is very happy with the new railway built by Chinese friends. Many changes have taken place in the town, and local people have become rich. Since 2017, using the train has been good. It is very convenient and doesn’t cost much money. He can get to places on time and make business deals with ease. Paragraph 3 comments from locals supermarket manager: Paragraph 4 conclusion The railway shows how different countries (China and Kenya) can work together to build a better world. Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains. As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat. Complete the table with the information from the text. 1e Paragraph 1 introduction The new train line was in 2017. old railway Built in 1901; trains were very slow; 10-hour trip between two cities; only rough roads and this old line for transport Paragraph 2 new railway Built with China’s help; 480 kilometres long; travel time cut to about 4 hours; over 2 million passengers every year Paragraph 3 comments from locals government worker: He is satisfied with the Chinese-built railway; local towns have changed a lot and residents become wealthy. businessman: The train is cheap and convenient, helping him arrive on time and do business smoothly. supermarket manager: Only 2–3 trains can carry the food that once needed hundreds of lorries, supplying more fresh food for people. Paragraph 4 conclusion The railway proves that different countries can cooperate to create a better world. opened Why do you think the writer chose these three people instead of just one? Using three people gives us a more complete picture of the railway’s benefits. The new railway benefits all kinds of people in different ways. One person cannot show these different changes.选取三位不同身份的受访者，能让我们更全面地展现这条铁路带来的利好。这条新建铁路以不同方式惠及各类人群，仅靠单一受访者无法完整呈现这些多元变化。 Yes, I have. I’ve heard of the China-Laos Railway that opened in 2021. The railway runs 1,035 km and connects Kunming in Southwest China's Yunnan Province to Vientiane, the capital of Laos. It now takes about 10 hours to travel between the two cities by train. The railway not only connects the two cities as well as the two countries more closely, but also makes a big difference in local people's lives. It provides people in Laos with more than 110,000 jobs. Discuss the questions. 1. Have you seen or heard of any similar changes in the world over the last several years? Where was it and what happened? 是的，我听说过。我了解 2021 年通车的中老铁路。这条铁路全长 1035 公里，连接中国西南云南省昆明市与老挝首都万象。如今搭乘火车往返两座城市仅需约 10 小时。这条铁路不仅拉近了两座城市、两国之间的联系，也极大改变了当地民众的生活，为老挝民众创造了超 11 万个 2. In what other ways can China work together with other countries to build a better world? China can work with other countries in many ways to build a better world. First, China can help build more roads, hospitals and schools in developing countries. Second, China can share new technologies, like farming methods, with other countries. Third, China can work with other countries on environmental protection. Finally, China can provide cultural exchanges, like student exchange programs, to help people from different countries understand each other better. 中国可以通过多种方式与各国合作，共建美好世界。 首先，中国可以助力发展中国家修建更多公路、医院和学校。 其次，中国可以向各国分享新技术，例如农业种植技术。 第三，中国可与各国共同开展环境保护合作。 最后，中国可以搭建文化交流平台，比如交换生项目，让不同国家的民众增进相互理解。 Besides the benefits mentioned in the text, what other changes might the new railway bring to Kenya? More tourists will come to visit. More jobs will be created. Students can go to better schools far away. The country will develop faster. … Summary 1. Background 修建背景 Old transport（2017 年前） 480km Mombasa–Nairobi 1901 old railway + rough roads Slow: 10 hours by train New railway（2017 opened, with China’s help） Travel time: 10h → 4h Over 2 million passengers/year 2. Advantages 铁路带来的好处 For local people Town changes, people become rich For businessmen Convenient, cheap, on-time business deals For food transport Hundreds of lorries → 2–3 trains Result: more fresh food 3. Theme 主旨升华 Although China & Kenya are far apart, different countries can work together to build a better world. 课堂例句仿写： Although __________, __________. The new road makes our life __________. Key Language Points 核心考点 一、重点时态 现在完成时（since /over the last few years） has cut / has made / have benefited My experience…has been good. used to do 过去常常（今昔对比） Food used to take hundreds of lorries… 二、核心句型 Although + 从句，主句（不能加 but） make sth + 比较级 make the transport easier with ease = easily 轻松地 As a result 因此 三、高频短语 far away from each other work together take place cut travel time make business deals 基础层（必做） 1. 用新单词造句 2. 完整翻译课文前两段（通车背景、新旧铁路对比）； 提高层（选做） 1. 模仿 3a 的对话，编写一段关于自己家乡变化的小对话（不少于 5 轮问答）。 2. 用英语写一篇 80 词左右的短文，介绍家乡 1-2 个方面的变化和自己的感受。 拓展层（选做） 采访一位长辈，了解家乡过去的样子，整理成一段英文采访稿。 Homework Thanks Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 Lavf58.29.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $