Unit 7 Happy Birthday（重点词汇精讲精练）2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义以“重点词汇精讲+分层练习”构建知识体系，通过表格系统呈现核心词汇的音标、词性、搭配及例句，用对比辨析（如how old与how many）和词形变化表（如buy的过去式bought）梳理易错点，清晰展现词汇间的内在联系与重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“词汇-语法-语用”的递进式练习设计，如“用所给词的适当形式填空”（例：Today is my ______ (生日)）强化语言运用能力，“阅读理解B篇”对比中西方生日习俗培养文化意识。题型覆盖单词拼写、完成句子到语篇填空，基础学生可夯实词汇基础，优秀学生能提升语用能力，为教师实施分层教学和学生自主复习提供精准支持。

Unit 7 Happy Birthday · 解析版 人教版 七年级上册 · 重点词汇精讲精练 ▍ 重点词汇精讲（音标 · 词性 · 搭配 · 例句） 下列为本单元最核心、最易错的词汇，附音标、词性、搭配与例句，部分词设有词形表、辨析或拓展。先理解，再去做后面的精练。 birthday /ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ n. 生日 搭配：birthday party 生日聚会；happy birthday 生日快乐 例句：Today is my birthday. 今天是我的生日。 how old /haʊ əʊld/ phr. 多大年纪；几岁 搭配：How old are you? 你几岁？ 例句：— How old are you? — I am twelve. ——你几岁了？——我十二岁。 辨析：how old 用来询问“年龄（几岁）”，回答用“主语 + be + 数字”；how many 用来询问“数量（多少）”，后接复数名词。如：How old are you?（你几岁？）How many books do you have?（你有多少本书？） buy /baɪ/ v. 购买；买 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 buy 过去式 bought 过去分词 bought 现在分词 buying 搭配：buy a gift 买礼物；buy for sb. 给某人买 例句：I want to buy a present for my mum. 我想给妈妈买一份礼物。 present /ˈpreznt/ n. 礼物 搭配：a birthday present 生日礼物；give a present 送礼物 例句：She gets many nice presents. 她收到很多漂亮的礼物。 提示：present 作名词“礼物”时读 /ˈpreznt/；作动词“赠送；呈现”时读 /prɪˈzent/，注意名词与动词读音不同。 blow /bləʊ/ v. 吹 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 blow 过去式 blew 过去分词 blown 现在分词 blowing 搭配：blow out 吹灭；blow out candles 吹灭蜡烛 例句：He blows out the candles. 他吹灭了蜡烛。 wish /wɪʃ/ n. / v. 愿望；希望 搭配：make a wish 许愿；best wishes 最好的祝愿 例句：She makes a wish on her birthday. 她在生日时许了个愿。 拓展：wish 既可作名词“愿望”，也可作动词“希望；祝愿”。常见搭配 make a wish（许愿）、best wishes（最好的祝愿）。如：She makes a wish.（她许了个愿。） celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝 搭配：celebrate a birthday 庆祝生日；celebrate with 和……庆祝 例句：We celebrate his birthday with a big dinner. 我们吃大餐庆祝他的生日。 age /eɪdʒ/ n. 年龄 搭配：at the age of 在……岁时；what's your age 你多大了 例句：— What is your age? — I am eleven. ——你几岁？——我十一岁。 date /deɪt/ n. 日期 搭配：what's the date 今天几号；the date of birth 出生日期 例句：— What date is it today? — It's May 12th. ——今天几号？——五月十二号。 辨析：date 指“具体日期（几月几日）”，day 指“星期或某一天”。问日期用 What's the date?（今天几号？）；问星期用 What day is it?（今天星期几？） candy /ˈkændi/ n. 糖果 搭配：a piece of candy 一颗糖；eat candy 吃糖 例句：Children like to eat candy. 孩子们喜欢吃糖果。 cake /keɪk/ n. 蛋糕 搭配：a birthday cake 生日蛋糕；eat the cake 吃蛋糕 例句：Let's eat the birthday cake! 我们一起吃生日蛋糕吧！ noodles /ˈnuːdlz/ n. 面条 搭配：long noodles 长寿面；eat noodles 吃面条 例句：Children eat noodles on birthdays. 孩子们生日时吃面条。 chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ n. 巧克力 搭配：a chocolate cake 巧克力蛋糕；a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力 例句：Her parents buy a chocolate cake. 她父母买了一个巧克力蛋糕。 eat /iːt/ v. 吃 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 eat 过去式 ate 过去分词 eaten 现在分词 eating 搭配：eat noodles 吃面条；eat well 吃得好 例句：We eat the cake together. 我们一起吃蛋糕。 ▍ 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 birthday n. 生日 happy adj. 高兴的；幸福的 old adj. ……岁的；年老的 how old phr. 多大年纪；几岁 party n. 聚会；派对 buy v. 购买；买 present n. 礼物 cake n. 蛋糕 eat v. 吃 noodles n. 面条 candy n. 糖果 age n. 年龄 blow v. 吹 wish n. & v. 愿望；希望 celebrate v. 庆祝 month n. 月；月份 date n. 日期 chocolate n. 巧克力 January n. 一月 February n. 二月 March n. 三月 April n. 四月 May n. 五月 June n. 六月 July n. 七月 August n. 八月 September n. 九月 October n. 十月 November n. 十一月 December n. 十二月 ▍ 二、词汇拓展（写出派生与变形） 根据括号内提示，写出下列单词的派生词或变形形式。 1. birthday → birth (n. 出生) → born (adj. 出生的) 2. happy → happily (adv. 高兴地) → happiness (n. 幸福) 3. celebrate → celebration (n. 庆祝活动) → celebrated (adj. 著名的) 4. wish → wishes (复数) → wishful (adj. 满怀希望的) 5. month → monthly (adj. 每月的) → months (复数) 6. age → aged (adj. ……岁的) → teenage (adj. 青少年的) ▍ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Today is my ______.（生日） 2. — ______ old are you? — I'm twelve.（how） 3. We have a birthday ______ for her.（聚会） 4. I want to ______ a gift for my mum.（购买） 5. She gets many nice ______ on her birthday.（礼物） 6. Let's eat the birthday ______ together!（蛋糕） 7. He can ______ out the candles on the cake.（吹） 8. Children like to eat ______ on birthdays.（面条） 9. — What is your ______? — I am eleven.（年龄） 10. We ______ his birthday with a big dinner.（庆祝） 11. — What ______ is it now? — It's May.（月份） 12. ______ is the first month of a year.（一月） 【答案】 1. birthday；2. How；3. party；4. buy；5. presents；6. cake；7. blow；8. noodles；9. age；10. celebrate；11. month；12. January ▍ 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. th（生日 bir__day） 2. ap（高兴的 h__py） 3. ar（聚会 p__ty） 4. bu（购买 __y） 5. es（礼物 pr__ent） 6. ak（蛋糕 c__e） 7. ea（吃 __t） 8. od（面条 no__les） 9. an（糖果 c__dy） 10. ag（年龄 __e） 11. lo（吹 b__w） 12. is（愿望 w__h） 13. ebr（庆祝 cel___ate） 14. on（月份 m__th） 15. at（日期 d__e） 【答案】 1. th；2. ap；3. ar；4. bu；5. es；6. ak；7. ea；8. od；9. an；10. ag；11. lo；12. is；13. ebr；14. on；15. at ▍ 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. 你多大了？______ old are you?（How）（疑问词组） 2. 她想要买一个礼物。She wants to ______ a present.（buy）（购买） 3. 我们为她举办一个派对。We have a ______ for her.（party）（聚会） 4. 他吹灭了蜡烛。He ______ out the candles.（blows）（吹（三单）） 5. 让我们一起庆祝生日。Let's ______ the birthday together.（celebrate）（庆祝） 6. 一月是一年中的第一个月。______ is the first month of a year.（January）（月份） 7. 今天几月几日？What ______ is it today?（date）（日期） 8. 孩子们喜欢吃长寿面。Children like to ______ long noodles.（eat）（吃） 【答案】 1. How；2. buy；3. party；4. blows；5. celebrate；6. January；7. date；8. eat ▍ 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A: Lucy's Birthday Today is Lucy's ______ (birthday). She is twelve ______ (year) old. Her mother ______ (buy) a big cake. Lucy's friends come to the ______ (party). They eat the cake and ______ (sing) a song. Lucy ______ (make) a wish and blows out the candles. She is very ______ (happy). 【答案】 1. birthday；2. years；3. buys；4. party；5. sing；6. makes；7. happy 💡 本文考查生日话题词汇与一般现在时，注意 twelve years old、buy 的三单 buys，以及 make a wish 等搭配。 B: A Birthday Gift Tom wants to ______ (buy) a present for his sister. He goes to a ______ (shop) with his father. He ______ (choose) a nice card and some ______ (candy). They ______ (celebrate) her birthday at home. Tom's sister is very ______ (happy) and she ______ (eat) the chocolate. 【答案】 1. buy；2. shop；3. chooses；4. candy；5. celebrate；6. happy；7. eats 💡 本文考查购物与生日庆祝词汇，注意 choose 的三单 chooses，以及 celebrate 与 eat 的时态一致。 ▍ 七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空一词，每词限用一次。 birthday happy party buy cake present celebrate wish eat candy A: A Happy Day Today is my little brother's ______ (1). He is very ______ (2). We have a ______ (3) at home. Mum ______ (4) a big cake. My father gives him a ______ (5). At the party we ______ (6) the cake and some ______ (7). He makes a ______ (8) and we ______ (9) his birthday together. He ______ (10) the candy happily. 【答案】 1. birthday；2. happy；3. party；4. buys；5. present；6. eat；7. candy；8. wish；9. celebrate；10. eats 💡 本文考查生日聚会场景词汇与简单时态，注意 buy 的三单 buys、eat/celebrate 的搭配以及 make a wish 的习惯表达。 ▍ 八、阅读理解 A: Emma's Birthday Emma's birthday is on May 12th. She is ten years old. Her parents buy a big chocolate cake for her. Emma invites her friends to a party. They play games and eat the cake. Emma makes a wish and blows out ten candles. Her grandfather gives her a nice card. Everyone is happy and they celebrate together. 1. When is Emma's birthday? A. May 12th. B. June 12th. C. March 12th. D. May 20th. 2. How old is Emma? A. Nine. B. Ten. C. Eleven. D. Twelve. 3. What kind of cake do her parents buy? A. A candy cake. B. A chocolate cake. C. A fruit cake. D. A noodle cake. 4. What does her grandfather give her? A. A present. B. A cake. C. A card. D. Candy. 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 💡 注意从文中提取日期、年龄、蛋糕种类与礼物信息，定位 May 12th、ten years old、chocolate cake、card 等关键词。 B: A Birthday in China In China, children often eat long noodles on their birthdays. The noodles mean a long life. Some children also eat eggs. Their friends give them presents or cards. They may have a small party at home or at school. They sing the birthday song and the birthday child makes a wish. Birthdays are happy days for children in China. 1. What do children in China often eat on birthdays? A. Cake. B. Candy. C. Long noodles. D. Chocolate. 2. What do the long noodles mean? A. Good luck. B. A long life. C. Happiness. D. Health. 3. Who gives children presents or cards? A. Teachers. B. Friends. C. Grandparents. D. Parents. 4. Where may they have the party? A. At home or school. B. In a shop. C. In a park. D. At a restaurant. 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 💡 注意中西方生日习俗差异，定位 long noodles、a long life、friends give presents、at home or at school 等关键信息。 ▍ 九、词汇归类（按词性填入表格） 词库：birthday happy old how old party buy present cake eat noodles candy age blow wish celebrate month date chocolate January February March April May June July August September October November December 请将上面词库中的单词按词性分类，填入下表的对应横线处。 词性 单词归类 名词 n. birthday party present cake noodles candy age wish month date chocolate January February March April May June July August September October November December 动词 v. buy eat blow celebrate 形容词 adj. happy old 短语/搭配 phr. how old 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Happy Birthday · 原卷版 人教版 七年级上册 · 重点词汇精讲精练 ▍ 重点词汇精讲（音标 · 词性 · 搭配 · 例句） 下列为本单元最核心、最易错的词汇，附音标、词性、搭配与例句，部分词设有词形表、辨析或拓展。先理解，再去做后面的精练。 birthday /ˈbɜːθdeɪ/ n. 生日 搭配：birthday party 生日聚会；happy birthday 生日快乐 例句：Today is my birthday. 今天是我的生日。 how old /haʊ əʊld/ phr. 多大年纪；几岁 搭配：How old are you? 你几岁？ 例句：— How old are you? — I am twelve. ——你几岁了？——我十二岁。 辨析：how old 用来询问“年龄（几岁）”，回答用“主语 + be + 数字”；how many 用来询问“数量（多少）”，后接复数名词。如：How old are you?（你几岁？）How many books do you have?（你有多少本书？） buy /baɪ/ v. 购买；买 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 buy 过去式 bought 过去分词 bought 现在分词 buying 搭配：buy a gift 买礼物；buy for sb. 给某人买 例句：I want to buy a present for my mum. 我想给妈妈买一份礼物。 present /ˈpreznt/ n. 礼物 搭配：a birthday present 生日礼物；give a present 送礼物 例句：She gets many nice presents. 她收到很多漂亮的礼物。 提示：present 作名词“礼物”时读 /ˈpreznt/；作动词“赠送；呈现”时读 /prɪˈzent/，注意名词与动词读音不同。 blow /bləʊ/ v. 吹 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 blow 过去式 blew 过去分词 blown 现在分词 blowing 搭配：blow out 吹灭；blow out candles 吹灭蜡烛 例句：He blows out the candles. 他吹灭了蜡烛。 wish /wɪʃ/ n. / v. 愿望；希望 搭配：make a wish 许愿；best wishes 最好的祝愿 例句：She makes a wish on her birthday. 她在生日时许了个愿。 拓展：wish 既可作名词“愿望”，也可作动词“希望；祝愿”。常见搭配 make a wish（许愿）、best wishes（最好的祝愿）。如：She makes a wish.（她许了个愿。） celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/ v. 庆祝 搭配：celebrate a birthday 庆祝生日；celebrate with 和……庆祝 例句：We celebrate his birthday with a big dinner. 我们吃大餐庆祝他的生日。 age /eɪdʒ/ n. 年龄 搭配：at the age of 在……岁时；what's your age 你多大了 例句：— What is your age? — I am eleven. ——你几岁？——我十一岁。 date /deɪt/ n. 日期 搭配：what's the date 今天几号；the date of birth 出生日期 例句：— What date is it today? — It's May 12th. ——今天几号？——五月十二号。 辨析：date 指“具体日期（几月几日）”，day 指“星期或某一天”。问日期用 What's the date?（今天几号？）；问星期用 What day is it?（今天星期几？） candy /ˈkændi/ n. 糖果 搭配：a piece of candy 一颗糖；eat candy 吃糖 例句：Children like to eat candy. 孩子们喜欢吃糖果。 cake /keɪk/ n. 蛋糕 搭配：a birthday cake 生日蛋糕；eat the cake 吃蛋糕 例句：Let's eat the birthday cake! 我们一起吃生日蛋糕吧！ noodles /ˈnuːdlz/ n. 面条 搭配：long noodles 长寿面；eat noodles 吃面条 例句：Children eat noodles on birthdays. 孩子们生日时吃面条。 chocolate /ˈtʃɒklət/ n. 巧克力 搭配：a chocolate cake 巧克力蛋糕；a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力 例句：Her parents buy a chocolate cake. 她父母买了一个巧克力蛋糕。 eat /iːt/ v. 吃 形式 单词 / 说明 原形 eat 过去式 ate 过去分词 eaten 现在分词 eating 搭配：eat noodles 吃面条；eat well 吃得好 例句：We eat the cake together. 我们一起吃蛋糕。 ▍ 一、汉译英 根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 单词 单词 单词 n. 生日 adj. 高兴的；幸福的 adj. ……岁的；年老的 phr. 多大年纪；几岁 n. 聚会；派对 v. 购买；买 n. 礼物 n. 蛋糕 v. 吃 n. 面条 n. 糖果 n. 年龄 v. 吹 n. & v. 愿望；希望 v. 庆祝 n. 月；月份 n. 日期 n. 巧克力 n. 一月 n. 二月 n. 三月 n. 四月 n. 五月 n. 六月 n. 七月 n. 八月 n. 九月 n. 十月 n. 十一月 n. 十二月 ▍ 二、词汇拓展（写出派生与变形） 根据括号内提示，写出下列单词的派生词或变形形式。 1. birthday → ______ → ______ 2. happy → ______ → ______ 3. celebrate → ______ → ______ 4. wish → ______ → ______ 5. month → ______ → ______ 6. age → ______ → ______ ▍ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Today is my ______.（生日） 2. — ______ old are you? — I'm twelve.（how） 3. We have a birthday ______ for her.（聚会） 4. I want to ______ a gift for my mum.（购买） 5. She gets many nice ______ on her birthday.（礼物） 6. Let's eat the birthday ______ together!（蛋糕） 7. He can ______ out the candles on the cake.（吹） 8. Children like to eat ______ on birthdays.（面条） 9. — What is your ______? — I am eleven.（年龄） 10. We ______ his birthday with a big dinner.（庆祝） 11. — What ______ is it now? — It's May.（月份） 12. ______ is the first month of a year.（一月） ▍ 四、单词拼写 根据括号内的中文提示写出正确的英文单词。 1. 生日 bir__day 2. 高兴的 h__py 3. 聚会 p__ty 4. 购买 __y 5. 礼物 pr__ent 6. 蛋糕 c__e 7. 吃 __t 8. 面条 no__les 9. 糖果 c__dy 10. 年龄 __e 11. 吹 b__w 12. 愿望 w__h 13. 庆祝 cel___ate 14. 月份 m__th 15. 日期 d__e ▍ 五、完成句子 根据括号内的中文提示完成句子，每空一词。 1. 你多大了？______ old are you? 2. 她想要买一个礼物。She wants to ______ a present. 3. 我们为她举办一个派对。We have a ______ for her. 4. 他吹灭了蜡烛。He ______ out the candles. 5. 让我们一起庆祝生日。Let's ______ the birthday together. 6. 一月是一年中的第一个月。______ is the first month of a year. 7. 今天几月几日？What ______ is it today? 8. 孩子们喜欢吃长寿面。Children like to ______ long noodles. ▍ 六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A: Lucy's Birthday Today is Lucy's ______ (birthday). She is twelve ______ (year) old. Her mother ______ (buy) a big cake. Lucy's friends come to the ______ (party). They eat the cake and ______ (sing) a song. Lucy ______ (make) a wish and blows out the candles. She is very ______ (happy). B: A Birthday Gift Tom wants to ______ (buy) a present for his sister. He goes to a ______ (shop) with his father. He ______ (choose) a nice card and some ______ (candy). They ______ (celebrate) her birthday at home. Tom's sister is very ______ (happy) and she ______ (eat) the chocolate. ▍ 七、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空一词，每词限用一次。 birthday happy party buy cake present celebrate wish eat candy A: A Happy Day Today is my little brother's ______ (1). He is very ______ (2). We have a ______ (3) at home. Mum ______ (4) a big cake. My father gives him a ______ (5). At the party we ______ (6) the cake and some ______ (7). He makes a ______ (8) and we ______ (9) his birthday together. He ______ (10) the candy happily. ▍ 八、阅读理解 A: Emma's Birthday Emma's birthday is on May 12th. She is ten years old. Her parents buy a big chocolate cake for her. Emma invites her friends to a party. They play games and eat the cake. Emma makes a wish and blows out ten candles. Her grandfather gives her a nice card. Everyone is happy and they celebrate together. 1. When is Emma's birthday? A. May 12th. B. June 12th. C. March 12th. D. May 20th. 2. How old is Emma? A. Nine. B. Ten. C. Eleven. D. Twelve. 3. What kind of cake do her parents buy? A. A candy cake. B. A chocolate cake. C. A fruit cake. D. A noodle cake. 4. What does her grandfather give her? A. A present. B. A cake. C. A card. D. Candy. B: A Birthday in China In China, children often eat long noodles on their birthdays. The noodles mean a long life. Some children also eat eggs. Their friends give them presents or cards. They may have a small party at home or at school. They sing the birthday song and the birthday child makes a wish. Birthdays are happy days for children in China. 1. What do children in China often eat on birthdays? A. Cake. B. Candy. C. Long noodles. D. Chocolate. 2. What do the long noodles mean? A. Good luck. B. A long life. C. Happiness. D. Health. 3. Who gives children presents or cards? A. Teachers. B. Friends. C. Grandparents. D. Parents. 4. Where may they have the party? A. At home or school. B. In a shop. C. In a park. D. At a restaurant. ▍ 九、词汇归类（按词性填入表格） 词库：birthday happy old how old party buy present cake eat noodles candy age blow wish celebrate month date chocolate January February March April May June July August September October November December 请将上面词库中的单词按词性分类，填入下表的对应横线处。 词性 单词归类 名词 n. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ 动词 v. ______ ______ ______ ______ 形容词 adj. ______ ______ 短语/搭配 phr. ______ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $