Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Using Language(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(人教版)
2026-10-14
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18页
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教辅
摘要:
该高中英语导学案聚焦世界饥饿问题及化学与有机耕作对比,通过话题词汇、佳句积累和听力活动导入主题,再以课文分析深入探讨农业方式利弊,搭建从现象到解决方案的主题探究学习支架。
资料亮点在于听力二次开发强化语言理解与表达,语块积累和句型解构提升语言能力,对比分析化学与有机耕作培养批判性思维,课前自测与核心知识突破设计促进自主学习,助力学生发展思维品质与学习能力。
内容正文:
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part Ⅰ Explore the world hunger problem
Ⅰ.话题词汇
1.poverty n.贫穷;贫困
2.individual n.个人;个体 adj.个别的;单独的
3.World Food Day 世界粮食日
4.get rid of world hunger 消除世界饥饿
5.major factors 主要因素
6.cherish every grain 珍惜每一粒粮食
7.have access to 有机会获得;可以使用;能够接近
8.lead to mass hunger 导致大规模饥荒
9.alleviate world hunger 缓解世界饥饿
10.make efforts to 努力做……
11.run a project 开展一个项目;运营一个项目
12.sustainable agriculture 可持续农业
13.droughts, floods, and climate change 干旱、洪水和气候变化
14.eat enough nutritious food 吃足够的有营养的食物
15.arouse great concern about food shortage引起对粮食短缺的极大关注
Ⅱ.话题佳句
1.To achieve food security and end hunger, governments must carry out sustainable agricultural policies and promote international cooperation.
要实现粮食安全并消除饥饿,各国政府必须实施可持续的农业政策,并促进国际合作。
2.Improving soil health and developing drought-resistant crops are essential to help get rid of world hunger.
改善土壤健康、培育耐旱作物对消除世界饥饿至关重要。
3.Many scientists are exploring how artificial intelligence can boost crop yields and contribute to solving world hunger.
许多科学家正在探索人工智能如何提高农作物产量,助力解决世界饥饿问题。
4.The UN World Food Programme expanded its food distribution, which is critical for ending world hunger in crisis zones.
联合国世界粮食计划署扩大粮食分发范围,这对终结危机地区的饥饿至关重要。
5.It’s everyone’s responsibility to take action to end hunger.
采取行动终结饥饿是每个人的责任。
Ⅲ.教材听力二次开发
(一)听力测试
Listen to the conversation in the textbook and choose the best answers to the following questions.
1.What is the first speaker doing?( )
A.He’s chairing a meeting.
B.He’s making a phone call.
C.He’s hosting a programme.
2.What’s the purpose of FAO?( )
A.To remove world hunger.
B.To advocate healthy eating.
C.To improve living standards.
3.How many reasons are mentioned for world hunger?( )
A.3. B.4. C.5.
4.How can world hunger be removed?( )
A.By joint efforts by all sides.
B.By asking help from the UN.
C.By calling on common people.
(二)听力填空
Listen to the conversation in the textbook again and fill in the blanks with the words or sentences you hear.
Host:Good morning, listeners.Today is World Food Day, and David Bond from the UN’s FAO is here to 1. .Welcome, David! Please explain what the FAO is and what its aims are.
David:Good morning.For those who don’t know, FAO stands for Food and Agriculture Organisation.And our aim is simple — to eliminate world hunger, which, according to our latest figures, stands at 2. .
Host:So I guess things like droughts, floods, and climate change are all major factors in this.
David:Yes, that’s right, they can all seriously affect crop production.And another factor is poverty.There is strong evidence to suggest 3. .And it’s not just about having enough food to eat; people need to eat enough nutritious food, which often they cannot afford or do not have access to.The FAO believes everyone should have the right to healthy food.
Host:And what about war? I’ve seen many researchers say 4. .
David:Absolutely true.Our research indicates that wars can heavily affect food production and transportation, meaning that millions of people have to go hungry.
Host:So what can we do to alleviate world hunger?
David: Well, the UN is making efforts to reduce climate change, and the FAO runs a project called Climate-Smart Agriculture, 5. .However, every country needs to focus on making new achievements in agriculture, too, which can often benefit the whole world.Like China, for example, whose development of hybrid rice has greatly increased rice production in many other countries.And, of course, global conflict must be eliminated.And don’t forget 6. : buy food that supports the environment, and never waste food.
Host:David Bond, thank you very much.Just a quick message to our listeners: you can find more information on world hunger on the FAO website ...
Part Ⅱ Evaluate chemical farming and organic farming
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. [1] Over time①, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
【释疑难】 句[1]是一个复合句。what引导主语从句;that引导表语从句。
[2] For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition②, these chemicals can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn③, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact④, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of⑤ damage they cause to⑥ people and the environment. As for⑦ chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in⑧ nutrition. [3] They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
【释疑难】 句[3]是一个并列复合句。but和and连接三个并列的句子。
As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming⑨, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on⑩ keeping their soil rich⑪ and free of disease⑫ through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. [4] For instance⑬, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. [5] Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. [6] For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people’s health.
【释疑难】 句[5]是一个复合句。Why引导主语从句; that引导表语从句; making it ready for the next batch of crops是动词-ing短语作结果状语。
Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely .[7] What keeps them from doing⑭ so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near⑮ able to meet that need⑯. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution⑰ that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
【释疑难】 句[7]是一个复合句。What引导主语从句;that 引导同位语从句,解释名词the fact的内容。
语块积累
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
⑧
⑨
⑩
⑪
⑫
⑬
⑭
⑮
⑯
⑰
熟词生义
1.batch (Para. 4)
熟义:n.一批(人/物品)
文中义: n.(农作物的)一茬、一批次
2.serve (Para.5)
熟义:vt.服务、招待(餐饮/人际)
文中义:vt.满足、适配(需求)
句[1]however表转折,逆转前文积极基调,使逻辑由肯定转为辩证反思,衔接自然有张力。
句[2]not only...but also...为经典并列结构,清晰体现农药危害的双重性。
举例论证:句[4]、句[6]以农作物套种为例,阐释有机养土方法,化抽象原理为具体。
参考译文
化学耕作与有机耕作
自二十世纪中叶以来,化学农药和人工肥料便广泛应用于耕作。引入之初,二者被许多农民视为抵御作物病害、增加产量的好方法,因而颇受欢迎。然而,随着时间的推移,一些科学家发现,长期使用它们有时会危害土地和人类健康。
例如,农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时,也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫,从而破坏土地。此外,这些化学品会长期残留于土壤和地下水源中。这会影响土里种植的作物,继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。很多人担心这些化学品会致病,甚至引发癌症。事实上,由于对人类和环境有害,“滴滴涕”等农药在大多数国家已被禁用。至于化学肥料,用其施肥的作物通常生长过快而营养不足。此类作物外表靓丽,而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质,并且往往口感较差。
作为另一种选择,有些农民已经转向有机耕作,而且许多消费者在当地食品杂货店购物时,也转而选择有机食品。有机耕作就是不使用任何化学品的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重通过天然的方法保持土壤肥沃,没有病害。例如,许多有机耕作的农民使用天然的牲畜粪便作为肥料,使农田土壤富含矿物质,也避免化学品进入空气、土壤、水源和作物。
有机耕作的农民也采用许多其他方法维持土壤肥沃。他们通常每年更换每块农田种植的作物种类。例如,他们可能一年在田里种植玉米或小麦,第二年改种豆类。种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。有机耕作的农民也种植土壤深度要求不同的多样化作物,以保持土壤肥沃。例如,花生长在土壤表层,而许多其他蔬菜则扎根于土壤深处。采用不同的有机耕作方法,目的在于生产优质食物,同时避免损害环境和人类健康。
有些人宁愿在农业中彻底停止使用人工化学品。他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求,而有机耕作完全不能满足那样的需求。因此,想要找到一个合适的解决方案,使人类和环境尽可能保持健康,又让人们有足够的食物可吃,这还有很长的路要走。
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
1.urban life 生活
2.bomb attack 轰炸
3. a railway tunnel 铁路
4. be poisoned by chemicals 被 污染
5.wheat flour 粉
6. reduce flavour 减少
7. a fertiliser company 公司
8.alleviate world hunger 世界饥饿
9. live in poverty 生活在 中
10.organic farming 耕作
11. chemical pesticides 化学
12. harmful bacteria 有害
13. a glass of mineral water 一杯 泉水
14. at the local grocery 在当地
Ⅱ.写作词汇
1.with the use of mobile payment 随着移动支付的广泛使用
2.be for one’s survival 对某人的生存至关重要
3.the cause of ……的根本原因
4.other important 其他重要方面
Ⅲ.多义词汇
①digest the food
②digest the new information and knowledge
③read Reader’s Digest every month
④a digest of the latest news
Ⅳ.拓展词汇
1. n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机→extensive adj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的→extend vt.伸开;展开;延伸
2. adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→chemistry n.化学→chemically adv.化学上地→chemist n.化学家;药剂师
3. adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的;营养丰富的→nutrition n.营养;滋养
4. n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的→alternatively adv.要不,或者
5. n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)→deep adj.深的→deeply adv.深深地;强烈地→deepen vt.& vi加深;(使)变深
6. adv.全部地;完整地;完全地→entire adj.全部的;完全的
构词法
形容词后缀-al, 表示“与……相关的;具有……性质的”
①tradition→traditional传统的
②nation→national民族的, 国家的
③person→personal私人的
④addition→additional额外的
⑤music→musical音乐的
⑥origin→original原始的
Ⅴ.短语互译
1. 相应地; 转而; 依次; 轮流
2. 例如;比如
3. 由……组成;包括;包含
4.complain about
5.make up one’s mind to do sth
6.in addition
7.as for
8.switch to
9.turn to
10.focus on
11.free of/from
Ⅵ.句型填空
1.句型公式:what引导主语从句;that引导表语从句
教材原句:Over time, however, their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
然而, 随着时间的推移, 一些科学家发现, 长期使用它们有时会危害土地和人类健康。
2.句型公式:not only ...but (also)...不仅……而且……
教材原句: For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing harmful bacteria and insects, .
例如,农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时,也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫,从而破坏土地。
3.句型公式:现在分词短语作结果状语
教材原句:Why different crops are grown is that they put important minerals back into the ground, the next batch of crops.
种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
4.句型公式:that引导的同位语从句
教材原句:What keeps them from doing so is the fact around the world.
他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
写作词汇集释
1.in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
教材原句 This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them.这会影响土里种植的作物,继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。
【用法】
(1)by turns轮流地
take turns (to do sth) 轮流(做某事)
(2)It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事
It turns out that ... 结果是/证明是……
【佳句】 For one thing, not only does it help to build up our body, but it also helps us learn more effectively in turn.(建议信)
一方面,它不仅有助于强身健体,反过来也能帮助我们更有效地学习。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①When it was my turn (give) a speech, I was too excited to speak.
②When my mother was ill, my brothers took turns (take) care of her.
【写美】 完成句子
③所有理论都来源于实践,反过来又为实践服务。(主旨升华)
All theories come from practice and .
2.essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的
教材原句:They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well.
此类作物外表靓丽, 而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质, 并且往往口感较差。
【用法】
(1)be essential to对……是不可缺少的
(2)It is essential for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是必要的
It is essential that...(should) do sth 做某事是必不可少的
【佳句】 It is essential for the public to team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding building a Green Beijing.(2023•北京卷)
公众有必要相互合作,共同制定建设绿色北京的切实可行的计划。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Last but not least, it is always essential that we (devote) to our study and gain rich knowledge.(建议信)
【写美】 完成句子
②大多数学生认为在我们的学习和生活中互相帮助是必不可少的, 这样我们才能感受到来自同学的温暖。
Most students think in our study and life so that we will feel the warmth from our classmates.(it is+形容词+to do)
3.alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的→alternatively adv.要不;或者
教材原句 As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.作为另一种选择,有些农民已经转向有机耕作,而且许多消费者在当地食品杂货店购物时,也转而选择有机食品。
【用法】
have no alternative but (to do)除(做)……外别无选择
an alternative to ... ……的替代品
【积累】
①alternative energy sources 替代能源
②seek alternatives 寻求替代方案
③have no alternative but to face failure bravely 别无选择只能勇敢地面对失败
【佳句】 To protect the environment, public transportation and walking can be an alternative to private cars.(环境保护)
为了保护环境,乘坐公共汽车与步行可以作为私家车出行的替代方案。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to (communicate) with others.
②When you visit your Chinese friends for the first time, it is appropriate for you to bring beautiful fresh flowers; (alternative), buy a box of milk.
【写美】 完成句子
③我陷入无助时,别无选择,只好向出租车司机求助,司机欣然答应帮我摆脱困境。
Overcome with helplessness, I and the driver readily promised to help me out of difficulty.
4.root n.根; 根茎; 根部; 根源
教材原句 For example, peanuts grow on the ground’s surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots.例如, 花生长在土壤表层, 而许多其他蔬菜则扎根于土壤深处。
【用法】
(1)be at the root of 是……的根本;实质上;根本上
(2)be rooted in 扎根于;根植于
root sb to the spot 某人呆住不动, 呆若木鸡
【佳句】 Knowing the truth from his father, he froze as if rooted to the ground, his mind going completely blank.从父亲口中得知真相后,他整个人僵住了,仿佛被钉在原地,大脑一片空白。
【写美】 完成句子
从那以后, 我们从来没有轻视过父亲的故事, 他的善良深深根植于我的脑海里。(心理描写)
Since then, we have never taken my father’s story lightly and
.
阅读词汇清障
Ⅰ.一词多义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加黑词汇对应的意思。
1.flavour
A.n.特色 B.n.调料 C.vt.给……调味;给……增添风味 D.n.味道
①As an important part of our country’s cultural heritage, Chinese tea has various kinds and flavours, such as green tea, black tea and white tea.
②Meals include breakfast, lunch and supper, of which breakfast is western style and the other two are Chinese flavour.
③The chef flavoured the steak with a little salt and black pepper.
④ This yogurt comes in ten different flavours.
2.digest
A.vi.& vt.消化 B.vt.理解;领会 C.n.摘要
①It took me a long time to digest the theory put forward at the meeting.
②This food digests well, so you can feed it to your baby.
③I will send you a monthly news digest as a birthday gift.
Ⅱ.熟词生义
根据语境写出加黑词的词性和含义。
1.We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
2.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence.
3.I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years.
重点句型解构
1.句型公式:not only ... but (also) ... 不但……而且……
教材原句 For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones.
例如,农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时,也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫,从而破坏土地。
【用法】
(1)not only ... but (also) ... 连接两个平行结构,当连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要根据but also 后的名词来决定,即就近原则;
(2)not only位于句首时,not only后面的句子要用部分倒装,but also后面的句子不倒装。
【佳句】 Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society.(译林选必四)
工作不仅能给我们个人带来益处,也有助于社会的健康发展。
【写美】 完成句子/句式升级
①这次活动取得了巨大的成功,不仅丰富了高中生的生活,也提高了我们的文学水平。
This activity achieved great success, which our literature level.
②Oceans not only offer us plenty of food but also maintain the balance of nature.
→ , but they also maintain the balance of nature.(倒装句)
2.句型公式:too ...to ...结构
教材原句 As for chemical fertilisers,crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.至于化学肥料,用其施肥的作物通常生长过快而营养不足。
【用法】
(1)too+adj./adv.+to do sth 意为“太……而不能……”,表示否定含义。
(2)此结构在以下情况中也可表示肯定意义:
too后跟anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等表示心情、心理活动状态或心理倾向的形容词时。
【佳句】 Hearing the good news, she was too excited to stand still, pacing up and down the room with a big smile.
听到这个好消息时,她激动得站不住脚,面带灿烂的笑容在房间里踱来踱去。
【写美】 完成句子
①看到舞台下有那么多的观众,他紧张得不知道说什么。(紧张心理描写)
Seeing such a crowd of audience below the stage, what to say.
②当我听到我在写作比赛中获得第一名的消息时,我激动得快要哭了。(2023•新课标Ⅰ卷)
I when I heard the news that I won first prize in the writing competition.
3.句型公式:动词-ing短语作结果状语
教材原句 Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中,让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
【用法】
(1)动词-ing短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果;
(2)动词不定式短语作结果状语,表示偶然的、意料之外的结果,且前面常有only修饰。
【佳句】 Carson’s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in environmental awareness.(外研选必三)
卡森传递的信息非常令人警醒,大大提升了人们保护环境的意识。
【写美】 完成句子
①简非常愤怒地独自离开,结果却发现她在陌生的树林中迷路了。(心理描写)
Jane left alone with extreme anger, she was lost in the unfamiliar forest.
②马克差点被凶猛的狼抓住,这使他陷入黑暗和绝望的世界。
Mac was nearly caught by the fierce wolf,
.
完成课后作业 UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ
答案
Part Ⅰ Explore the world hunger problem
【话题听说•勤操练】
Ⅲ.
(一)听力测试
1—4 CACA
(二)听力填空
1.talk to us about world hunger 2.around 11% of the world’s population 3.that many people just can’t afford to eat well 4.that it directly leads to mass hunger 5.which helps countries to develop sustainable agriculture 6.that we as individuals can also make a difference
Part Ⅱ Evaluate chemical farming and organic farming
【细品课文•学手法】
学写作靓词
①随着时间的流逝 ②另外,此外 ③相应地;转而;依次;轮流 ④事实上 ⑤因为;由于 ⑥对……造成损害 ⑦至于 ⑧富含 ⑨转向有机种植 ⑩关注;集中于…… ⑪保持土壤肥沃 ⑫没有病害 ⑬例如 ⑭阻止……做某事 ⑮远非;完全不 ⑯满足那种需求 ⑰找到合适的解决方案
【课前自测•夯语基】
Ⅰ.1.城市 2.炸弹 3.隧道 4.化学品 5.小麦 6.味道
7.化肥 8.缓解 9.贫困 10.有机 11.杀虫剂 12.细菌 13.矿 14.杂货店
Ⅱ.1.widespread 2.essential 3.root 4.aspects
Ⅲ.①消化食物 ②消化新的信息和知识 ③每月阅读《读者文摘》 ④最新新闻摘要
Ⅳ.1.extension 2.chemical 3.nutritional 4.alternative 5.depth 6.entirely
Ⅴ.1.in turn 2.for instance 3.be comprised of 4.抱怨 5.下定决心做某事 6.此外 7.至于;关于 8.转变;转换
9.转向;求助于 10.集中于;聚焦于 11.免于
Ⅵ.1.what some scientists have found is that 2.not only; but also helpful ones 3.making it ready for 4.that chemical farming serves the high demand for food
【核心知识•巧突破】
写作词汇集释
1.①to give ②to take ③in turn serve practice
2.①(should) be devoted ②it is essential to help each other
3.①communicating ②alternatively ③had no alternative but to turn to the taxi driver for help
4.his kindness has been rooted deeply in my mind
阅读词汇清障
Ⅰ.1.①D ②A ③C ④B
2.①B ②A ③C
Ⅱ.1.n.根源 2.vi.渴望 3.vt.饲养
重点句型解构
1.①not only enriched the life of high school students, but also helped to promote ②Not only do oceans offer us plenty of food
2.①he was too nervous to know ②was too excited to be close to tears
3.①only to find that ②throwing him into a world of darkness and hopelessness
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