Unit 3 Fit for Life 核心词汇+语法+句式专练-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

牛津译林版选择性必修二 Unit 3 核心词汇+语法+句式专练 一．根据语境，用括号内动词的适当形式填空： 1. It is the first time that I _____(participate) in a volunteer project, and I am deeply moved by the experience. 2. I _____(write) a novel for three months, and I still need to finish the last two chapters. 3. The traditional Chinese paper-cutting art _____(date) back to the Han Dynasty, serving as a window into ancient folk customs. 4. The ecological survey also contains information that helps track wildlife populations and _____(affect) local conservation strategies. 5. The newly built community center, _____(equip) with state-of-the-art sports facilities, has become a popular gathering place for local residents. 6. Reading extensively, _____(serve) as a bridge to diverse cultures, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to personal growth. 7. Over the past decade, a series of severe environmental crises _____(arise) from the overexploitation of natural resources, threatening the survival of countless species. 8. We have to figure out how to keep social media from dominating teenagers' lives. This means _____(set) reasonable time limits to make sure that these platforms will work to our advantage. 9. Recently, a serious security problem _____(identify) in the new computer system, causing great worry among the users. 10. The widespread use of short-video apps has significantly shortened teenagers' attention spans, _____(fuel) concerns among educators about their declining ability to focus on deep reading. 11. Up to now, many effective measures _____(take) by our school to relieve students' academic pressure and promote their mental health. 12. A wide variety of strict environmental regulations have been introduced by the local government, each _____(aim) at reducing carbon emissions. 13. _____(contract) a severe flu during the severe winter, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit, requiring immediate medical intervention. 14. The funds _____(withdraw) from the special account will be strictly monitored by the government. 15. The recent report revealed a _____(disturb) trend in teenage mental health, prompting educators to call for immediate intervention. 16. The traditional Chinese medicine has proven to be highly effective in treating chronic diseases, as _____(evidence) by the rapid recovery of many patients. 二．根据句意和括号内的提示词，用其适当的形式填空： 1. Due to the severe drought this summer, the local river has become _____(normal) shallow, severely threatening the survival of aquatic life. 2. The recent global health crisis has _____(fundamental) altered people's attitudes towards public hygiene and personal space. 3. Strict _____(restrict) on single-use plastics have been implemented to reduce the severe burden on the ocean ecosystem. 4. The school has enforced a strict _____(prohibit) on the use of mobile phones during class hours. 5. Sometimes, the best route to fulfilment is the path of more _____(resist), as overcoming it builds our inner strength and resilience. 6. Optimism and energy, especially in the face of adversity, are defining _____(characteristic) of successful entrepreneurs. 7. The hospital has recently upgraded its medical _____(equip) to improve the accuracy of diagnosing rare diseases. 8. The graduating students organized a special ceremony to express their profound _____(grateful) to the school staff for their silent dedication. 9. With the help of specialized teachers, children with learning _____(ability) can gradually overcome their difficulties in reading and writing. 10. Although the dish is _____(convention) served hot, many young people prefer it chilled as a refreshing summer snack. 11. The local government had to make several crucial _____(adjust) to the original environmental policy to better accommodate the needs of local businesses. 12. Many people tend to underestimate the _____(severe) of climate change until they experience extreme weather events firsthand. 13. There is a widespread _____(anxious) about the potential threat that artificial intelligence poses to traditional jobs in the modern workplace. 14. Meteorologists are currently conducting extensive research to accurately account for the increasingly frequent extreme weather _____(phenomenon) observed globally. 15. The traditional coming-of-age ceremony _____(symbol) the transition from childhood to adulthood, carrying heavy responsibilities. 16. She greeted everyone with an _____(infection) smile that instantly brightened the atmosphere of the entire room. 17. Early _____(identify) of the disease is absolutely crucial to preventing it from spreading further. 三．阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式： 1. _____ global cooperation, climate change could be as dangerous as a ticking time bomb. 2. We will also be able to completely replace fossil fuels with clean energy, creating _____ some have called a zero-carbon era. 3. His severe knee injury effectively prohibited him _____ participating in the upcoming Olympic Games. 4. Realizing that the traditional marketing strategy was no longer effective, the company quickly switched _____ a more innovative approach. 5. After graduating from university, she decided to specialize _____ researching renewable energy to contribute to environmental protection. 6. Psychologists often relate behavioral problems in teenagers _____ the lack of parental companionship. 7. Accidents often arise _____ carelessness, causing unnecessary injuries. 8. Over the course of human history, we have invented countless communication tools, _____ none are as game-changing as the internet. 9. _____ artificial intelligence continues to integrate into daily life at a faster pace, questions arise about how to prevent it from replacing human jobs. 10. Originally, there were five traditional styles of paper-cutting, _____ variations in their regional patterns. 四．根据中文提示和括号内的句型要求，完成下列句子： 1.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 新的交通法规禁止司机在开车时发短信，旨在减少严重的交通事故。(prohibit/aim) 2.__________________________________________________________________________________________毫无疑问，互联网彻底改变了我们交流和获取信息的方式。(doubt/access) 3.__________________________________________________________________________________________ 她熬了一整夜在“是否出国留学”的决定上苦苦挣扎，但直到天亮她依然无法得出最终结论。(wrestle) 4.__________________________________________________________________________________________工程师们昨天成功上线了软件更新，那个紧急问题已经被IT部门连夜解决了。(with复合结构/tackle) 5.__________________________________________________________________________________________志愿者们会不遗余力地去关爱那些在偏远地区独居的老人。(length/定从) 参考答案与解析 一． 根据语境，用括号内动词的适当形式填空： 1. 原句：It is the first time that I _____(participate) in a volunteer project, and I am deeply moved by the experience. 答案：have participated 解析：固定句型 It is the first/second... time that... 中，从句必须使用现在完成时，表示“这是某人第一次做某事”。 译文：这是我第一次参加志愿者项目，这次经历让我深受触动。 2. 原句：I _____(write) a novel for three months, and I still need to finish the last two chapters. 答案：have been writing 解析：根据句意“写了三个月，且还没写完”，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，并且还在进行中，故使用现在完成进行时。 译文：我写这本小说已经三个月了，还需要完成最后两章。 3. 原句：The traditional Chinese paper-cutting art _____(date) back to the Han Dynasty, serving as a window into ancient folk customs. 答案：dates 解析：date back to（追溯到）是一个固定短语，表示客观事实，且没有被动语态。主语是单数，故使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 译文：中国传统剪纸艺术可以追溯到汉代，是了解古代民间风俗的一扇窗口。 4. 原句：The ecological survey also contains information that helps track wildlife populations and _____(affect) local conservation strategies. 答案：affects 解析：这里的 affects 与前面的 helps 是并列谓语，共同作定语从句的谓语，主语是 information（不可数名词），故用第三人称单数。 译文：这项生态调查还包含了有助于追踪野生动物种群并影响当地保护策略的信息。 5. 原句：The newly built community center, _____(equip) with state-of-the-art sports facilities, has become a popular gathering place for local residents. 答案：equipped 解析：句子的谓语是 has become，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语。center 与 equip 之间是被动关系（be equipped with...），故使用过去分词。 译文：这座新建的社区中心配备了最先进的体育设施，已成为当地居民喜爱的聚会场所。 6. 原句：Reading extensively, _____(serve) as a bridge to diverse cultures, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to personal growth. 答案：serving 解析：句子的谓语是 will lead to，此处应填非谓语动词作插入语（或伴随状语）。Reading extensively 与 serve 之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词。 译文：广泛阅读作为通往多元文化的桥梁，将从根本上改变我们对待个人成长的方式。 7. 原句：Over the past decade, a series of severe environmental crises _____(arise) from the overexploitation of natural resources, threatening the survival of countless species. 答案：have arisen 解析：时间状语 Over the past decade（在过去的十年里）是现在完成时的标志词。arise（出现、发生）是不规则动词，过去分词为 arisen。 译文：在过去的十年里，由于对自然资源的过度开发，出现了一系列严重的环境危机，威胁着无数物种的生存。 8. 原句：We have to figure out how to keep social media from dominating teenagers' lives. This means _____(set) reasonable time limits to make sure that these platforms will work to our advantage. 答案：setting 解析：固定搭配 mean doing sth. 意为“意味着做某事”（注意区别于 mean to do sth. 打算做某事）。此处表示“这意味着设定合理的时间限制”，故用动名词。 译文：我们必须想办法防止社交媒体主宰青少年的生活。这意味着要设定合理的时间限制，以确保这些平台能为我们所利用。 9. 原句：Recently, a serious security problem _____(identify) in the new computer system, causing great worry among the users. 答案：has been identified 解析：句首的 Recently（最近）是现在完成时的经典标志，表示过去发生的事对现在造成了影响。主语 problem 与 identify 之间是被动关系，且主语为单数，故使用现在完成时的被动语态 has been identified。 译文：最近，在新的电脑系统中查出了一个严重的安全问题，引起了用户们的巨大担忧。 10. 原句：The widespread use of short-video apps has significantly shortened teenagers' attention spans, _____(fuel) concerns among educators about their declining ability to focus on deep reading. 答案：fueling 解析：逗号后没有连词，此处应填非谓语动词作自然的结果状语。主句的动作“缩短注意力”主动导致了“加剧担忧”这一结果，故使用现在分词。 译文：短视频应用的广泛使用极大地缩短了青少年的注意力持续时间，加剧了教育工作者对他们深度阅读能力下降的担忧。 11. 原句：Up to now, many effective measures _____(take) by our school to relieve students' academic pressure and promote their mental health. 答案：have been taken 解析：Up to now（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志词。主语 measures 与 take 之间是被动关系（take measures 采取措施），故使用现在完成时的被动语态。 译文：到目前为止，我们学校已经采取了许多有效措施来减轻学生的学业压力并促进他们的心理健康。 12. 原句：A wide variety of strict environmental regulations have been introduced by the local government, each _____(aim) at reducing carbon emissions. 答案：aimed 解析：此处是“代词 + 非谓语”构成的独立主格结构。表示“旨在……”的固定搭配是 be aimed at，在独立主格中省略 be，保留过去分词 aimed 表示被动/状态。绝对不能填 aiming。 译文：当地政府已经出台了一系列严格的环境法规，每一项都旨在减少碳排放。 13. 原句：_____(contract) a severe flu during the severe winter, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit, requiring immediate medical intervention. 答案：Having contracted 解析：句子的谓语是 was admitted，此处应填非谓语动词作原因状语。contract（感染）这个动作发生在 was admitted 之前，强调动作的先后顺序，故使用现在分词的完成式。 译文：由于在严冬感染了严重的流感，这名患者被送入了重症监护室，需要立即进行医疗干预。 14. 原句：The funds _____(withdraw) from the special account will be strictly monitored by the government. 答案：withdrawn 解析：句子的谓语是 will be monitored，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰 funds。资金是被提取的，表被动，故使用过去分词。 译文：从专用账户中提取的资金将受到政府的严格监控。 15. 原句：The recent report revealed a _____(disturb) trend in teenage mental health, prompting educators to call for immediate intervention. 答案：disturbing 解析：此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词 trend。disturbing 意为“令人不安的”，表示事物本身的性质；而 disturbed 通常指人“感到不安的”。 译文：最近的报告揭示了青少年心理健康方面一个令人不安的趋势，促使教育工作者呼吁立即采取干预措施。 16. 原句：The traditional Chinese medicine has proven to be highly effective in treating chronic diseases, as _____(evidence) by the rapid recovery of many patients. 答案：evidenced 解析：此处考察 as + 过去分词 引导的非限制性定语从句（或插入语）的省略结构。其完整形式为 as is evidenced by...（正如被……所证明的那样）。在英语语法中，当 as 引导的从句主语是 as 本身，且谓语包含 be 动词时，通常会省略 is/was，直接保留过去分词。因为中医的疗效是被患者的快速康复“证明”的，表被动，故填过去分词 evidenced。 译文：传统中药在治疗慢性病方面已被证明非常有效，许多患者的快速康复就证明了这一点。 二．根据句意和括号内的提示词，用其适当的形式填空： 1. 原句：Due to the severe drought this summer, the local river has become _____(normal) shallow, severely threatening the survival of aquatic life. 答案：abnormally 解析：此处需要一个副词来修饰形容词 shallow（浅的）。根据前半句的“严重干旱（severe drought）”可知，河水变浅是“不正常地”浅，故填入 normal 的反义副词 abnormally。 译文：由于今年夏天的严重干旱，当地河流水位异常浅，严重威胁着水生生物的生存。 2. 原句：The recent global health crisis has _____(fundamental) altered people's attitudes towards public hygiene and personal space. 答案：fundamentally 解析：此处需要一个副词来修饰动词 altered（改变）。fundamental 的副词形式是 fundamentally，意为“根本地、彻底地”。 译文：最近的全球健康危机从根本上改变了人们对公共卫生和个人空间的看法。 3. 原句：Strict _____(restrict) on single-use plastics have been implemented to reduce the severe burden on the ocean ecosystem. 答案：restrictions 解析：形容词 Strict 后面需要接名词。restrict 的名词形式是 restriction。因为后面的谓语动词是复数 have been，所以此处需填复数形式 restrictions。 译文：为了减轻海洋生态系统的严重负担，已经对一次性塑料实施了严格的限制。 4. 原句：The school has enforced a strict _____(prohibit) on the use of mobile phones during class hours. 答案：prohibition 解析：不定冠词 a 和形容词 strict 后面需要接单数名词。prohibit（禁止）的名词形式是 prohibition。a prohibition on... 意为“对……的禁令”。 译文：学校已经严格执行了上课期间禁止使用手机的规定。 5. 原句：Sometimes, the best route to fulfilment is the path of more _____(resist), as overcoming it builds our inner strength and resilience. 答案：resistance 解析：介词 of 后面需要接名词。根据后半句“克服它会建立我们的内在力量”可知，这里指的是“阻力、抵抗”，故填入 resist 的名词形式 resistance。 译文：有时候，通往圆满的最好途径是充满更多阻力的道路，因为克服阻力能建立我们的内在力量和韧性。 6. 原句：Optimism and energy, especially in the face of adversity, are defining _____(characteristic) of successful entrepreneurs. 答案：characteristics 解析：此处需要名词作表语。characteristic（特征）是可数名词。因为主语是 Optimism and energy（两个特征），且谓语动词是复数 are，故填入复数形式 characteristics。 译文：乐观和精力充沛，尤其是在逆境面前，是成功企业家的显著特征。 7. 原句：The hospital has recently upgraded its medical _____(equip) to improve the accuracy of diagnosing rare diseases. 答案：equipment 解析：形容词 medical 后面需要接名词。equip（装备）的名词形式是 equipment。注意 equipment 是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 译文：这家医院最近升级了医疗设备，以提高诊断罕见疾病的准确性。 8. 原句：The graduating students organized a special ceremony to express their profound _____(grateful) to the school staff for their silent dedication. 答案：gratitude 解析：形容词 profound（深厚的）后面需要接名词。grateful（感激的）的名词形式是 gratitude。express gratitude to sb. 意为“向某人表达感激之情”。 译文：毕业班的学生组织了一场特别的仪式，向默默奉献的教职员工表达他们深深的感激之情。 9. 原句：With the help of specialized teachers, children with learning _____(ability) can gradually overcome their difficulties in reading and writing. 答案：disabilities 解析：根据句意，这些孩子在阅读和写作上有困难，说明他们有“学习障碍”。ability 需要加上否定前缀 dis- 变成 disability。因为主语是 children（复数），故填复数形式 disabilities。 译文：在专业老师的帮助下，有学习障碍的儿童可以逐渐克服他们在阅读和写作方面的困难。 10. 原句：Although the dish is _____(convention) served hot, many young people prefer it chilled as a refreshing summer snack. 答案：conventionally 解析：此处需要一个副词来修饰动词 served（供应）。convention（传统、惯例）的副词形式是 conventionally，意为“按惯例地、传统地”。 译文：虽然这道菜传统上是热着上的，但许多年轻人更喜欢把它冰镇起来，作为清爽的夏日小吃。 11. 原句：The local government had to make several crucial _____(adjust) to the original environmental policy to better accommodate the needs of local businesses. 答案：adjustments 解析：形容词 crucial 前面有数量词 several，故此处需要填入可数名词的复数形式。adjust 的名词形式是 adjustment，复数为 adjustments。make adjustments to... 意为“对……做出调整”。 译文：为了更好地满足当地企业的需求，当地政府不得不对原有的环境政策做出几项关键性的调整。 12. 原句：Many people tend to underestimate the _____(severe) of climate change until they experience extreme weather events firsthand. 答案：severity 解析：定冠词 the 后面需要接名词。severe（严重的）的名词形式是 severity，意为“严重性”。 译文：许多人往往会低估气候变化的严重性，直到他们亲身经历了极端天气事件。 13. 原句：There is a widespread _____(anxious) about the potential threat that artificial intelligence poses to traditional jobs in the modern workplace. 答案：anxiety 解析：不定冠词 a 和形容词 widespread（广泛的）后面需要接单数名词。anxious（焦虑的）的名词形式是 anxiety。 译文：在现代职场中，人们普遍对人工智能给传统工作带来的潜在威胁感到焦虑。 14. 原句：Meteorologists are currently conducting extensive research to accurately account for the increasingly frequent extreme weather _____(phenomenon) observed globally. 答案：phenomena 解析：phenomenon 意为“现象”，是一个不规则名词，其复数形式是 phenomena。因为前面有 increasingly frequent（越来越频繁的）修饰，且全球观察到的极端天气现象不止一种，故用复数。 译文：气象学家目前正在进行广泛的研究，以准确解释在全球范围内观察到的日益频繁的极端天气现象。 15. 原句：The traditional coming-of-age ceremony _____(symbol) the transition from childhood to adulthood, carrying heavy responsibilities. 答案：symbolizes 解析：此处需要填入动词作句子的谓语。symbol（象征）的动词形式是 symbolize。主语 ceremony 是单数，且陈述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式 symbolizes。 译文：传统的成人仪式象征着从童年到成年的过渡，承载着沉重的责任。 16. 原句：She greeted everyone with an _____(infection) smile that instantly brightened the atmosphere of the entire room. 答案：infectious 解析：不定冠词 an 后面需要接以元音音素开头的形容词来修饰名词 smile。infection（感染）的形容词形式是 infectious。an infectious smile 是固定搭配，意为“极具感染力的微笑”。 译文：她用极具感染力的微笑向大家打招呼，瞬间点亮了整个房间的气氛。 17. 原句：Early _____(identify) of the disease is absolutely crucial to preventing it from spreading further. 答案：identification 解析：此处需要填入名词作句子的主语。identify（识别）的名词形式是 identification。Early identification of... 意为“对……的早期识别”。 译文：对这种疾病的早期识别对于防止其进一步传播绝对至关重要。 三． 阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式： 1. 原题：_____ global cooperation, climate change could be as dangerous as a ticking time bomb. 答案：Without 解析：根据句意“气候变化可能像定时炸弹一样危险”，前半句应表示条件或假设。Without global cooperation 意为“如果没有全球合作”，相当于 If there is no global cooperation，符合语境且首字母需大写。 译文：如果没有全球合作，气候变化可能会像定时炸弹一样危险。 2. 原题：We will also be able to completely replace fossil fuels with clean energy, creating _____ some have called a zero-carbon era. 答案：what 解析：此处 what 引导宾语从句，作 creating 的宾语。what 在从句中作 called 的宾语，意为“……的东西/时代”。creating what some have called... 意为“创造了一个被一些人称为……的时代”。 译文：我们还将能够用清洁能源完全取代化石燃料，创造一个被一些人称为“零碳时代”的新纪元。 3. 原题：His severe knee injury effectively prohibited him _____ participating in the upcoming Olympic Games. 答案：from 解析：固定搭配 prohibit sb. from doing sth.，意为“禁止/阻止某人做某事”。此处表示膝伤阻止了他参加奥运会。 译文：他严重的膝伤实际上阻止了他参加即将到来的奥运会。 4. 原题：Realizing that the traditional marketing strategy was no longer effective, the company quickly switched _____ a more innovative approach. 答案：to 解析：固定搭配 switch to...，意为“切换到……/转向……”。此处表示公司转向了更具创新性的方法。 译文：意识到传统营销策略不再有效后，公司迅速转向了一种更具创新性的方法。 5. 原题：After graduating from university, she decided to specialize _____ researching renewable energy to contribute to environmental protection. 答案：in 解析：固定搭配 specialize in...，意为“专攻……/专门研究……”。此处表示她决定专攻可再生能源研究。 译文：大学毕业后，她决定专攻可再生能源研究，以为环境保护做出贡献。 6. 原题：Psychologists often relate behavioral problems in teenagers _____ the lack of parental companionship. 答案：to 解析：固定搭配 relate A to B，意为“将A与B联系起来/认为A与B有关”。此处表示心理学家常将青少年的行为问题与缺乏父母陪伴联系起来。 译文：心理学家经常将青少年的行为问题与缺乏父母陪伴联系起来。 7. 原题：Accidents often arise _____ carelessness, causing unnecessary injuries. 答案：from 解析：固定搭配 arise from...，意为“由……引起/源于……”。此处表示事故往往源于粗心大意。 译文：事故往往源于粗心大意，造成不必要的伤害。 8. 原题：Over the course of human history, we have invented countless communication tools, _____ none are as game-changing as the internet. 答案：but 解析：前后两个分句之间是转折关系。前半句说“发明了无数工具”，后半句说“没有像互联网那样具有颠覆性”，故用并列连词 but 连接。 译文：在人类历史的长河中，我们发明了无数的沟通工具，但没有一种能像互联网那样彻底改变了游戏规则。 9. 原题：_____ artificial intelligence continues to integrate into daily life at a faster pace, questions arise about how to prevent it from replacing human jobs. 答案：As 解析：此处引导时间/原因状语从句，表示“随着……”。As artificial intelligence continues to... 意为“随着人工智能继续……”，符合句首大写要求。 译文：随着人工智能继续以更快的速度融入日常生活，关于如何防止其取代人类工作的问题随之出现。 10. 原题：Originally, there were five traditional styles of paper-cutting, _____ variations in their regional patterns. 答案：with 解析：此处考察 with 复合结构作伴随状语/补充说明。with variations in... 意为“在……方面存在差异”，用来补充说明五种剪纸风格的具体特征，结构紧凑且地道。 译文：起初有五种传统的剪纸风格，且它们在地方图案上存在差异。 四．根据中文提示和括号内的句型要求，完成下列句子： The new traffic law prohibits drivers from texting while driving, aiming to reduce severe accidents. 新的交通法规禁止司机在开车时发短信，旨在减少严重的交通事故。 Without doubt, the internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. 毫无疑问，互联网彻底改变了我们交流和获取信息的方式。 She spent the whole night wrestling with the decision of whether to study abroad, but she still couldn't reach a final conclusion by dawn. 她熬了一整夜在“是否出国留学”的决定上苦苦挣扎，但直到天亮她依然无法得出最终结论。 The engineers successfully launched the software update yesterday, with the urgent problem tackled by the IT department overnight. 工程师们昨天成功上线了软件更新，那个紧急问题已经被IT部门连夜解决了。 Volunteers will go to great lengths to care for the elderly who live alone in remote areas. 志愿者们会不遗余力地去关爱那些在偏远地区独居的老人。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $