Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 本试卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 B卷能力提升卷，紧扣教材核心考点，以“防灾减灾”为主题创设真实情境，通过梯度化题型设计，适配单元复习中知识整合与能力提升需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |交际应用|10题/20分|灾害预防活动规划、人类活动与灾害关系对话|通过真实对话情境考查语言理解与表达能力，体现语言能力素养| |短文填空|5题/10分|动词时态、非谓语动词等语法知识|结合村庄防洪场景，考查语法在实际情境中的应用| |完形填空|10题/20分|急救技能、防灾准备等词汇与语篇理解|以应急队员事迹为载体，渗透责任意识，培养思维品质| |阅读理解|20题/40分|防灾活动安排、家庭避险案例、都江堰水利工程、灾害预防与环保|多文本覆盖实用信息与文化传承（如都江堰体现人与自然和谐），提升信息获取与分析能力| |书面表达|1题/10分|防灾活动倡议写作|结合全国防灾减灾日，考查语言输出与问题解决能力，强化社会责任感|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·能力提升 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 一、交际应用（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面两段对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （A） A: The Student Union asked us to plan the National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day. [1]______ B: The day is on 12 May. [2]______ A: Good idea. We can also organise a fire drill. B: [3]______ A: We could have an earthquake preparation workshop too. B: [4]______ A: And we can design posters about other natural disasters. B: [5]______ A: Let's get started. A. What else can we add? B. What should we do? C. Let's have a minute's silence first. D. That sounds good. E. I agree. F. The bus leaves soon. G. I like painting. （B） A: Do you think human activity can cause natural disasters? B: [6]______ A: Scientists say the greenhouse effect is causing more extreme weather. B: That is worrying. [7]______ A: We should develop in an environmentally friendly way. B: [8]______ A: We can also protect forests and plant more trees. B: [9]______ A: Small actions can help prevent disasters. B: [10]______ A: Yes, let's do our part. A. What should we do? B. I think it is possible. C. What else can we do? D. I couldn't agree more. E. So we should start from ourselves. F. The food is tasty. G. I have a new car. 二、短文填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Before a big storm comes, people in the village take several steps to stay safe. The weather report tells us that the river 11_____ in a short time. Families prepare sandbags 12_____ their doors against flood water. They remember 13_____ cars to higher ground, or they will be in great danger. Children 14_____ keep away from the river bank for safety. Useful information 15_____ by villagers during the whole storm. Good preparation makes the whole village safer. ( )11. A. will rise B. rise C. rising D. rose ( )12. A. protect B. to protect C. protected D. protecting ( )13. A. if B. though C. because D. and ( )14. A. must B. mustn't C. needn't D. can't ( )15. A. collect B. collected C. was collect D. is collected 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Song is on the town's emergency team. When danger is coming, he is first to act. He has learned first aid and fire safety. These skills can ____16_____ lives. One summer, a heavy rain caused a flood in the low area near the old bridge. Mr. Song and his team worked all night. They used boats to ____17_____ people from flooded houses. They carried the old and the sick to safe places. A young mother thanked him with tears. She said her family would not have ____18_____ without their help. Mr. Song also gives free lessons at a repair hall. He teaches people how to ____19_____ for an earthquake and how to use a fire extinguisher. He believes everyone ____20_____ learn basic safety skills, because help may not arrive at once. “You can be a ____21_____ for your family and neighbours,” he often says. After each lesson, more families make emergency ____22_____. They prepare water, food and medicine at home. Mr. Song feels glad. He says a small ____23_____ can make a big difference. Being ready is about ____24_____ and responsibility. He hopes people can turn fear into ____25_____. 16. A. lose B. save C. waste D. take 17. A. rescue B. leave C. hurt D. hide 18. A. arrived B. failed C. survived D. left 19. A. forget B. refuse C. worry D. prepare 20. A. should B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 21. A. danger B. helper C. problem D. burden 22. A. games B. jokes C. plans D. photos 23. A. mistake B. dream C. habit D. action 24. A. fear B. love C. anger D. noise 25. A. strength B. weakness C. sadness D. doubt 四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （A） National Disaster Prevention Day — Activity Plan Activity Time Place Who Should Join Fire drill 9:00 - 9:40, before the first lesson starts School yard beside the red flag, with teachers leading each line All students, because everyone must know the nearest exit and meeting point Earthquake workshop 10:00 - 11:00, after the drill review Hall 2, where tables are moved away for practice Grade 1 and 2 students who need to learn drop, cover and hold First-aid class 14:00 - 15:00, after lunch break Room 305, with bandages, cards and clean gloves ready Student volunteers who will help during school activities Safety speech 15:30 - 16:00 Hall 1, near the main screen Students and parents who want clear family safety rules Poster show All day, during breaks Library wall near the reading corner Everyone interested in fire, flood and typhoon safety Emergency box show All day Hall 2 front table Everyone who wants to check what a family emergency box needs before heavy rain season nearby at home with parents and teachers at school 26. When is the fire drill? A. 9:00 - 9:40. B. 10:00 - 11:00. C. 14:00 - 15:00. D. All day. 27. Where is the earthquake workshop? A. School yard. B. Library. C. Hall 2. D. Room 305. 28. Who should join the first-aid class? A. All students. B. Grade 1 and 2. C. Everyone. D. Student volunteers. 29. Where is the poster show? A. School yard. B. Library. C. Hall 2. D. Room 305. 30. Which activity is for all students? A. The fire drill. B. The earthquake workshop. C. The first-aid class. D. The poster show. （B） When the heavy rain started, the Deng family was having dinner at home. Soon the water in the street rose quickly. Mr. Deng remembered the safety rules he had learned from a community talk, so he turned off the electricity and gas first. Then he told his family to move to the second floor. They carried a bag with water, bread and a flashlight. The rain did not stop, and the mobile phone signal became weak. They called the emergency number once and waited near the window with the flashlight on the table. A rescue boat came two hours later. The workers helped the family get on the boat safely. Mrs. Deng said, “We were afraid, but we remembered to stay calm and wait for help.” The family lost some furniture, but everyone was safe. They now keep an emergency box at home and check it every month after dinner. 31. What was the Deng family doing when the rain started? A. Having dinner. B. Sleeping. C. Watching TV. D. Shopping. 32. What did Mr. Deng turn off first? A. The lights. B. The electricity and gas. C. The water. D. The phone. 33. Where did the family move to? A. The first floor. B. The roof. C. The second floor. D. The basement. 34. How did they leave the house? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. D. By a rescue boat. 35. What do they keep now? A. A new car. B. An emergency box, checked every month. C. A big boat. D. A second house. （C） Dujiangyan is a famous irrigation system in Sichuan. More than two thousand years ago, the Chengdu area often suffered from floods. A local official named Li Bing decided to solve the problem in a different way. Instead of building dams to block the river, he used the natural shape of the land. He and his workers cut a channel through a mountain to guide the water. This was hard work, but it changed the river. The smart design controlled the floods and brought water to farm fields. From then on, the region became fertile and productive. It is still known as “the land of plenty” today. Dujiangyan is not only a working water system but also a popular place to visit. Guides tell visitors how people turned danger into benefit by respecting water and land. It shows that humans can work with nature. Many visitors come to see the system and learn from its clever design, which still helps local people today. The old design still teaches a new lesson about safe water use and careful planning for many years. 36. What is Dujiangyan? A. A famous irrigation system. B. A big city. C. A mountain. D. A new dam. 37. Who decided to solve the flood problem? A. A king. B. Li Bing. C. A farmer. D. A soldier. 38. What did Li Bing do instead of building dams? A. Built high walls. B. Moved the city. C. Used the natural shape of the land. D. Blocked the river. 39. What is the region known as today? A. "The land of plenty". B. "The land of ice". C. "The land of fire". D. "The land of wind". 40. What does Dujiangyan show? A. Humans can fight nature. B. Humans can work with nature. C. Dams are always best. D. Nature is always dangerous. （D） Scientists have pointed out that some natural disasters may be connected to human activity. The greenhouse effect is causing the ice at both poles to melt, which makes the sea level rise. As a result, lowlands and coastal areas may suffer from more floods. At the same time, extreme weather such as droughts, wildfires and hurricanes may happen more often in some places. Hotter weather can dry forests, and heavy rain may come suddenly after long dry days. This does not mean we are powerless. There is a saying, “Prevention is better than cure.” It means we should try to stop problems before they become serious. We can reduce harm by developing in a sustainable way and living an environmentally friendly life. For example, planting trees can hold the soil and reduce landslides. Saving energy can slow down the greenhouse effect. Keeping rivers clean also helps water move safely during heavy rain. When a disaster does come, police, doctors and volunteers act quickly. But if we do more to prevent disasters, we can save even more lives. So let us protect the environment, save energy and prepare for the future together. Daily choices are part of disaster prevention for families. 41. What may cause the sea level to rise? A. More trees. B. The greenhouse effect melting ice. C. Less rain. D. Stronger winds. 42. What extreme weather may happen more often? A. Droughts, wildfires and hurricanes. B. Snow only. C. Mild rain. D. Clear skies. 43. What does "Prevention is better than cure" mean? A. Cure is always easy. B. Prevention costs too much. C. It is better to stop problems before they happen. D. Disasters cannot be stopped. 44. What can planting trees do? A. Raise the sea level. B. Cause more floods. C. Speed up the greenhouse effect. D. Hold the soil and reduce landslides. 45. What can save even more lives? A. Waiting for disasters. B. Doing more to prevent disasters. C. Ignoring warnings. D. Living near rivers. 五、书面表达（共1题，满分10分） 46. 假设你是李华，学校要在全国防灾减灾日（5月12日）开展活动。请你写一则英文倡议，号召同学们积极参与并学习防灾知识。 要点：1. 说明活动意义；2. 介绍一两个活动内容；3. 发出号召。 要求：60—80词；语句通顺，意思连贯；不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·能力提升 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 一、交际应用（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面两段对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。 （A） A: The Student Union asked us to plan the National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day. [1]______ B: The day is on 12 May. [2]______ A: Good idea. We can also organise a fire drill. B: [3]______ A: We could have an earthquake preparation workshop too. B: [4]______ A: And we can design posters about other natural disasters. B: [5]______ A: Let's get started. A. What else can we add? B. What should we do? C. Let's have a minute's silence first. D. That sounds good. E. I agree. F. The bus leaves soon. G. I like painting. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．E 【导语】这段对话围绕全国防灾减灾日的活动策划展开，讨论默哀、消防演练、地震避险工作坊和海报设计。 【详解】1．根据答语“The day is on 12 May.”可知，上文询问应该做什么，B项符合语境。 2．根据前文“in memory of...”和后文“Good idea.”可知，此处建议先默哀一分钟，C项符合语境。 3．根据前文“We can also organise a fire drill.”可知，此处表示赞同，D项符合语境。 4．根据前文“We could have...too.”可知，此处询问还能增加什么，A项符合语境。 5．根据后文“Let's get started.”可知，此处表示同意，E项符合语境。 （B） A: Do you think human activity can cause natural disasters? B: [6]______ A: Scientists say the greenhouse effect is causing more extreme weather. B: That is worrying. [7]______ A: We should develop in an environmentally friendly way. B: [8]______ A: We can also protect forests and plant more trees. B: [9]______ A: Small actions can help prevent disasters. B: [10]______ A: Yes, let's do our part. A. What should we do? B. I think it is possible. C. What else can we do? D. I couldn't agree more. E. So we should start from ourselves. F. The food is tasty. G. I have a new car. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．E 【导语】这段对话围绕人类活动与自然灾害的关系展开，讨论通过环保方式减少灾害发生。 【详解】6．根据问句“Do you think...”可知，此处回答认为有可能，B项符合语境。 7．根据答语“We should develop in an environmentally friendly way.”可知，上文询问应该怎么做，A项符合语境。 8．根据答语“We can also protect forests...”可知，上文询问还能做什么，C项符合语境。 9．根据前文建议可知，此处表示完全赞同，D项符合语境。 10．根据答语“Yes, let's do our part.”可知，此处表示应从自身做起，E项符合语境。 二、短文填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Before a big storm comes, people in the village take several steps to stay safe. The weather report tells us that the river 11_____ in a short time. Families prepare sandbags 12_____ their doors against flood water. They remember 13_____ cars to higher ground, or they will be in great danger. Children 14_____ keep away from the river bank for safety. Useful information 15_____ by villagers during the whole storm. Good preparation makes the whole village safer. ( )11. A. will rise B. rise C. rising D. rose ( )12. A. protect B. to protect C. protected D. protecting ( )13. A. if B. though C. because D. and ( )14. A. must B. mustn't C. needn't D. can't ( )15. A. collect B. collected C. was collect D. is collected 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文介绍暴风雨来临之前，村里村民所做的各项安全防范工作。 【详解】 11．考查**宾语从句时态**。that 引导宾语从句，暴风雨尚未到来，河水上涨是将要发生的动作，使用一般将来时 will rise，故选 A。 12．考查**非谓语动词‑不定式表目的**。村民准备沙袋，目的是保护家门抵御洪水，不定式 to do 作目的状语，故选 B。 13．考查**条件连词**。if 引导条件状语从句，表示假设：如果（不把车辆挪走），他们就会陷入巨大危险，故选 A。 14．考查**情态动词 must（整套唯一情态动词考点，表硬性规定：必须）**。为了安全，孩子们必须远离河岸，must 表示强制要求，故选 A。 15．考查**一般现在时被动语态**。information 和 collect 为被动关系；全文是一般现在时，information 是不可数名词，be 动词用 is，故选 D。 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Song is on the town's emergency team. When danger is coming, he is first to act. He has learned first aid and fire safety. These skills can ____16_____ lives. One summer, a heavy rain caused a flood in the low area near the old bridge. Mr. Song and his team worked all night. They used boats to ____17_____ people from flooded houses. They carried the old and the sick to safe places. A young mother thanked him with tears. She said her family would not have ____18_____ without their help. Mr. Song also gives free lessons at a repair hall. He teaches people how to ____19_____ for an earthquake and how to use a fire extinguisher. He believes everyone ____20_____ learn basic safety skills, because help may not arrive at once. “You can be a ____21_____ for your family and neighbours,” he often says. After each lesson, more families make emergency ____22_____. They prepare water, food and medicine at home. Mr. Song feels glad. He says a small ____23_____ can make a big difference. Being ready is about ____24_____ and responsibility. He hopes people can turn fear into ____25_____. 16. A. lose B. save C. waste D. take 17. A. rescue B. leave C. hurt D. hide 18. A. arrived B. failed C. survived D. left 19. A. forget B. refuse C. worry D. prepare 20. A. should B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 21. A. danger B. helper C. problem D. burden 22. A. games B. jokes C. plans D. photos 23. A. mistake B. dream C. habit D. action 24. A. fear B. love C. anger D. noise 25. A. strength B. weakness C. sadness D. doubt 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇应急救援志愿者场景记叙文，讲述宋先生救援受灾居民并普及安全技能的故事。 【详解】16．考查动词辨析。这些技能在分秒必争时能救生命，save符合语境，故选B。 17．考查动词辨析。他们用船从被淹房屋中救援人们，rescue符合语境，故选A。 18．考查动词辨析。没有他们的帮助，一家人就无法幸存，survived符合语境，故选C。 19．考查动词辨析。他教人们如何为地震做准备，prepare符合语境，故选D。 20．考查情态动词。should表示“应该”，每个人都应学习基本安全技能，故选A。 21．考查名词辨析。你能成为家人和邻居的帮手，helper符合语境，故选B。 22．考查名词辨析。更多家庭制定自己的应急计划，plans符合语境，故选C。 23．考查名词辨析。一个小行动在灾害来临时作用巨大，action符合语境，故选D。 24．考查名词辨析。做好准备关乎爱与责任，love符合语境，故选B。 25．考查名词辨析。希望人们把恐惧转化为力量，strength符合语境，故选A。 四、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （A） National Disaster Prevention Day — Activity Plan Activity Time Place Who Should Join Fire drill 9:00 - 9:40, before the first lesson starts School yard beside the red flag, with teachers leading each line All students, because everyone must know the nearest exit and meeting point Earthquake workshop 10:00 - 11:00, after the drill review Hall 2, where tables are moved away for practice Grade 1 and 2 students who need to learn drop, cover and hold First-aid class 14:00 - 15:00, after lunch break Room 305, with bandages, cards and clean gloves ready Student volunteers who will help during school activities Safety speech 15:30 - 16:00 Hall 1, near the main screen Students and parents who want clear family safety rules Poster show All day, during breaks Library wall near the reading corner Everyone interested in fire, flood and typhoon safety Emergency box show All day Hall 2 front table Everyone who wants to check what a family emergency box needs before heavy rain season nearby at home with parents and teachers at school 26. When is the fire drill? A. 9:00 - 9:40. B. 10:00 - 11:00. C. 14:00 - 15:00. D. All day. 27. Where is the earthquake workshop? A. School yard. B. Library. C. Hall 2. D. Room 305. 28. Who should join the first-aid class? A. All students. B. Grade 1 and 2. C. Everyone. D. Student volunteers. 29. Where is the poster show? A. School yard. B. Library. C. Hall 2. D. Room 305. 30. Which activity is for all students? A. The fire drill. B. The earthquake workshop. C. The first-aid class. D. The poster show. 【答案】26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，以表格形式介绍全国防灾减灾日的活动安排、时间、地点和参加对象。 【详解】26．细节理解题。根据“Fire drill”和“9:00 - 9:40”可知，消防演练在9点到9点40分，故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据“Earthquake workshop”和“Hall 2”可知，地震工作坊在2号大厅，故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“First-aid class”和“Student volunteers”可知，急救课面向学生志愿者，故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“Poster show”和“Library”可知，海报展在图书馆，故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“Fire drill”和“All students”可知，消防演练面向全体学生，故选A。 （B） When the heavy rain started, the Deng family was having dinner at home. Soon the water in the street rose quickly. Mr. Deng remembered the safety rules he had learned from a community talk, so he turned off the electricity and gas first. Then he told his family to move to the second floor. They carried a bag with water, bread and a flashlight. The rain did not stop, and the mobile phone signal became weak. They called the emergency number once and waited near the window with the flashlight on the table. A rescue boat came two hours later. The workers helped the family get on the boat safely. Mrs. Deng said, “We were afraid, but we remembered to stay calm and wait for help.” The family lost some furniture, but everyone was safe. They now keep an emergency box at home and check it every month after dinner. 31. What was the Deng family doing when the rain started? A. Having dinner. B. Sleeping. C. Watching TV. D. Shopping. 32. What did Mr. Deng turn off first? A. The lights. B. The electricity and gas. C. The water. D. The phone. 33. Where did the family move to? A. The first floor. B. The roof. C. The second floor. D. The basement. 34. How did they leave the house? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. D. By a rescue boat. 35. What do they keep now? A. A new car. B. An emergency box, checked every month. C. A big boat. D. A second house. 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇家庭遇险场景记叙文，讲述邓一家遭遇暴雨内涝后冷静避险并获救的经历。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据“was having dinner at home”可知，暴雨开始时邓一家正在吃晚饭，故选A。 32．细节理解题。根据“He turned off the electricity and gas”可知，邓先生先关掉了电和燃气，故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“move to the second floor”可知，一家人转移到二楼，故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据“A rescue boat came...helped the family get on the boat”可知，他们乘救援船离开，故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据“keep an emergency box at home and check it every month”可知，他们现在家里备有应急箱并每月检查，故选B。 （C） Dujiangyan is a famous irrigation system in Sichuan. More than two thousand years ago, the Chengdu area often suffered from floods. A local official named Li Bing decided to solve the problem in a different way. Instead of building dams to block the river, he used the natural shape of the land. He and his workers cut a channel through a mountain to guide the water. This was hard work, but it changed the river. The smart design controlled the floods and brought water to farm fields. From then on, the region became fertile and productive. It is still known as “the land of plenty” today. Dujiangyan is not only a working water system but also a popular place to visit. Guides tell visitors how people turned danger into benefit by respecting water and land. It shows that humans can work with nature. Many visitors come to see the system and learn from its clever design, which still helps local people today. The old design still teaches a new lesson about safe water use and careful planning for many years. 36. What is Dujiangyan? A. A famous irrigation system. B. A big city. C. A mountain. D. A new dam. 37. Who decided to solve the flood problem? A. A king. B. Li Bing. C. A farmer. D. A soldier. 38. What did Li Bing do instead of building dams? A. Built high walls. B. Moved the city. C. Used the natural shape of the land. D. Blocked the river. 39. What is the region known as today? A. "The land of plenty". B. "The land of ice". C. "The land of fire". D. "The land of wind". 40. What does Dujiangyan show? A. Humans can fight nature. B. Humans can work with nature. C. Dams are always best. D. Nature is always dangerous. 【答案】36．A 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇文化类说明文，介绍都江堰水利工程利用自然地形治理水患、造福百姓的智慧。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据“Dujiangyan is a famous irrigation system”可知，都江堰是著名灌溉系统，故选A。 37．细节理解题。根据“A local official named Li Bing decided to solve the problem”可知，李冰决定解决水患，故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据“he used the natural shape of the land”可知，李冰利用自然地形而不是筑坝，故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“known as 'the land of plenty'”可知，该地区被称为“天府之国”，故选A。 40．细节理解题。根据“humans can work with nature to turn danger into benefit”可知，都江堰说明人类能与自然协作，故选B。 （D） Scientists have pointed out that some natural disasters may be connected to human activity. The greenhouse effect is causing the ice at both poles to melt, which makes the sea level rise. As a result, lowlands and coastal areas may suffer from more floods. At the same time, extreme weather such as droughts, wildfires and hurricanes may happen more often in some places. Hotter weather can dry forests, and heavy rain may come suddenly after long dry days. This does not mean we are powerless. There is a saying, “Prevention is better than cure.” It means we should try to stop problems before they become serious. We can reduce harm by developing in a sustainable way and living an environmentally friendly life. For example, planting trees can hold the soil and reduce landslides. Saving energy can slow down the greenhouse effect. Keeping rivers clean also helps water move safely during heavy rain. When a disaster does come, police, doctors and volunteers act quickly. But if we do more to prevent disasters, we can save even more lives. So let us protect the environment, save energy and prepare for the future together. Daily choices are part of disaster prevention for families. 41. What may cause the sea level to rise? A. More trees. B. The greenhouse effect melting ice. C. Less rain. D. Stronger winds. 42. What extreme weather may happen more often? A. Droughts, wildfires and hurricanes. B. Snow only. C. Mild rain. D. Clear skies. 43. What does "Prevention is better than cure" mean? A. Cure is always easy. B. Prevention costs too much. C. It is better to stop problems before they happen. D. Disasters cannot be stopped. 44. What can planting trees do? A. Raise the sea level. B. Cause more floods. C. Speed up the greenhouse effect. D. Hold the soil and reduce landslides. 45. What can save even more lives? A. Waiting for disasters. B. Doing more to prevent disasters. C. Ignoring warnings. D. Living near rivers. 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇环境类说明文，介绍人类活动与自然灾害的关系，强调预防胜于治疗。 【详解】41．细节理解题。根据“The greenhouse effect is causing the ice at both poles to melt, which makes the sea level rise.”可知，温室效应使极地冰融化、海平面上升，故选B。 42．细节理解题。根据“extreme weather such as droughts, wildfires and hurricanes may happen more often”可知，干旱、山火和飓风等极端天气更频繁，故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据语境可知，“预防胜于治疗”意为最好在问题发生前阻止它，故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据“planting trees can hold the soil and reduce landslides”可知，植树能固土、减少滑坡，故选D。 45．细节理解题。根据“if we do more to prevent disasters, we can save even more lives”可知，更多预防能拯救更多生命，故选B。 五、书面表达（共1题，满分10分） 46. 假设你是李华，学校要在全国防灾减灾日（5月12日）开展活动。请你写一则英文倡议，号召同学们积极参与并学习防灾知识。 要点：1. 说明活动意义；2. 介绍一两个活动内容；3. 发出号召。 要求：60—80词；语句通顺，意思连贯；不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Dear students, National Disaster Prevention Day is coming on 12 May. Let's learn to protect ourselves. We will hold a fire drill and an earthquake workshop. Please join them and learn the safety rules carefully. These skills can help us stay calm and safe when a disaster comes. Everyone should take part and learn them well. Let's act together from now on! 【词汇积累】protect ourselves 保护自己；fire drill 消防演练；earthquake workshop 地震避险工作坊；safety rules 安全规则。 【句式拓展】Please join...and learn... 请参加……并学习……；These skills can help us... 这些技能能帮助我们……。 【点睛】范文说明活动意义、介绍消防演练和地震工作坊两项活动并发出号召，语言基础自然，符合60—80词要求。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $