37 第一部分 选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Looking forwards-【名师导航】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇（如participation, alternative）、语法（非谓语、倒装）、写作（应用文、读后续写）及阅读等核心考点，按“词汇-语法-语用-题型”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（派生词、固定搭配）、方法指导（写作句式升级）、真题训练（近三年全国卷例句）等环节，帮助学生突破难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料特色在于将语言知识与语用能力结合，如用participation设计邀请信写作，通过拟人、明喻修辞提升读后续写生动性，培养语言能力和思维品质。设置分层练习（单句填空、题型组合练），配合真题融入策略，确保有限时间内高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

1．participation n．参加，参与 Encouraged by the teacher，numerous participants (participate) actively participated in the English speech contest．Their participation (participate) inspired the rest of the class to study hard． 　应用文写作之邀请信/读后续写之心理描写 ①我写信是想邀请你参加即将在我们学校举行的绘画比赛。 I'm writing to invite you to participate in the upcoming painting contest，which will be held in our school． ②艾玛没想到会和她的竞争对手一起参与小组项目，但他们的合作改变了一切。 Emma never expected to participate with her rival in the group project，but their teamwork changed everything． ◎participate v．参加；参与 participate in参加；参与 participate with sb．in sth．与某人一起参与某事 ◎participant n．参加者；参与者 ◎We all believe that the experience of participating in the competition would remain in our memory for a long time． 我们相信，参加比赛的经历将长久留在我们的记忆中。 2．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj．可供替代的；非传统的 ①(2022·全国乙卷)There are alternatives to constant written communication，such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat． ②If this plan fails，do you have any other alternatives(alternative) in mind? ③Eating more fruit and vegetables is an alternative to taking (take) vitamin pills for maintaining good health． ④You can submit the report by email；alternatively(alternative)，you may hand it in personally． 　读后续写之心理描写 听到这个消息，我的心沉了下来，但很快我就意识到，除了勇敢地面对现实，我别无选择。 My heart sank at the news，but soon it dawned upon me that I had no alternative but to bravely face the reality． ◎an alternative to ……的替代物(to是介词) ◎have no alternative/choice but to do sth．别无选择，只好做某事 ◎alternatively adv．可供选择地 ◎(2024·全国甲卷)Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban mobility，offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips． 首先，共享自行车已成为城市交通的象征，为短途旅行提供了一种负担得起的绿色替代品。 3．arise v．(由……)引起；发生，出现；起身；起床 ①(人教版选择性必修第二册UNIT 4)The next morning，the two girls arose (arise) early to take the train to Lake Louise，passing through the Canadian Rockies． ②One of the problems arising from the present economic situation is that the price is rising sharply． 　读后续写之动作描写 听到我鼓励的话语后，他感激地点了点头，从座位上站起来，和其他跑步者一起坚定地走到起跑线。 After hearing my encouraging words，he nodded with gratitude，arose from his seat，and moved up to the starting line firmly with the other runners． ◎arise from/out of 由……引起；因……产生 ◎arise from one's seat 从某人的座位上站起来 ◎(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Indeed，I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance，whatever difficulties might arise． 事实上，我尝到了胜利的滋味，学会了无论遇到什么困难，都要坚持不懈地追求梦想。 4．circumstance n．情况，情形；条件，状况(常用复数形式) ①(译林版选择性必修第四册UNIT 2)In/Under this circumstance，it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences． ②If circumstances permit，I will go on talking about the crucial problem，which is difficult to cope with． ③Under no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job． 　读后续写之主旨升华 在任何情况下，我们都不应该忽视努力工作和决心的力量，因为正是通过这些优秀品质，我们才能将梦想变为现实。 Under/In no circumstances should we ignore the power of hard work and determination，for it is through these virtues that we transform dreams into reality． ◎in/under no circumstances 绝不 (位于句首，句子用部分倒装) ◎in/under the circumstance(s) 在这种情况下 ◎in/under any circumstance(s) 在任何情况下 ◎if circumstances allow/permit 如果情况允许 ◎Feeling embarrassed，I reminded myself that under/in no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again． 我觉得尴尬极了，我提醒自己绝不能再犯这样的错误了。 5．make up one's mind做出决定，拿定主意 ①Encouraged by the speech，the young people made up their minds (mind) to take up the challenge． ②(2023·全国乙卷)What comes into your mind when you think of British food？Probably fish and chips，or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables． ③(北师大版必修第一册Unit 1)The thought of leaving once flashed through/across his mind，but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges． ④With his mind focused on/upon the task at hand，he worked diligently to ensure every detail was perfect，ignoring the distractions around him． 　应用文写作之建议信 请记住，只有拥有良好的心态你才有可能获得成功。 Please bear/keep in mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you be likely to attain success． ◎change one's mind 改变主意 ◎bear/keep...in mind＝bear/keep in mind that...将……记在心中 ◎come into one's mind 进入某人的脑海 ◎fix/focus one's mind on/upon 全神贯注于 ◎flash through/across one's mind 掠过心头；出现在脑海 ◎Maybe it is the recent ghastly weather or the terrible traffic that hinder you from making up your mind． 也许是最近可怕的天气或糟糕的交通阻碍了你下定决心。 6．put off推迟……，使……延期 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century，Gunter put his phone down and started the car． ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017． ③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)You'll hit roadblocks，and you'll feel discouraged at times．Push through，give it time and put in the effort． ④(2023·全国甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake． 　读后续写之动作链描写 他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着美妙的景象。 They dashed out of the car，put up the tent and settled down on the grass，enjoying the breathtaking sights． ◎put forward提出(意见、建议) ◎put on 穿上；上演 ◎put back 将……放回；推迟 ◎put up with 容忍，忍受 ◎put down 放下；写下；镇压 ◎put aside 储存；忽视 ◎put up 搭建；提高；张贴 ◎put through 给……接通(电话)；完成 ◎put in/into 投入(时间/心思)；花费 ◎With the bear approaching，Elli put forward a proposal to take up some sticks to fight against him，but we were not his match． 随着熊走近，艾莉提议拿些木棍来对付它，但我们不是它的对手。 7．[教材原句]On leaving high school，he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter．(on/upon＋n．/doing...) 高中一毕业，他就进入堪萨斯州当地的一家报社做实习记者。 ①Hardly could I hold back my excitement when I heard that you would come to China． ②On arrival (arrive)，we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery． ③She felt her heart race at the thought of presenting her speech in front of the whole class． ④The moment the bell rang，students came out of the classroom one after another． 　读后续写之动作描写 听到这个令人兴奋的消息，她高兴地跳了起来，兴奋地不能自已。 ①As soon as she heard the exciting news，she jumped with joy，a wide excitement took hold of her．(as soon as) ②On/Upon hearing the exciting news，she jumped with joy，a wide excitement took hold of her．(介词＋doing) ③At the sound of the exciting news，she jumped with joy，a wide excitement took hold of her．(at...) ④Hardly had she heard the exciting news when she jumped with joy，a wide excitement took hold of her．(hardly...when...) on/upon＋n．/doing ...意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。其他类似表达： ◎at the sight/sound/thought of...一看见/听见/想到…… ◎the moment/minute/instant/second＋句子 ◎immediately/directly＋句子 ◎hardly/scarcely...when... ◎no sooner...than... ◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I asked him for his telephone number and promised sincerely to him that I would pay him as soon as I returned． 我问他要电话号码，并真诚地向他承诺，我一回来就给他钱。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．I made up my mind to study (study) harder rather than waste precious time on those useless things． 2．The committee will examine the agreement and any problems arising (arise) from it． 3．The agency will make travel arrangements for you．Alternatively (alternative)，you can organize your own transport． 4．The government launched an ambitious (ambition) project to reduce carbon emission by 50% in ten years． 5．To gain a more precise estimation of the data，we decided to put off the meeting． 6．You'd better weigh up the advantages and disadvantages before you make the final decision． 7．The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating with others． 8．In/Under no circumstances will I give up the objective of founding a company．As a consequence，I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream． 9．Finally，the boy admitted that he failed to gain admission to the university that he had chosen．(admit) 10．Because I was considered as a qualified (qualify) volunteer，a mixture (mix) of excitement and surprise rose from my inner mind． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．arise A．出现　B．起身　C．起床　D．产生 (1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately． B (2)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland，has found how and why this trend arose． A (3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park． C (4)Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the technology revolution？ D 2．(2022·全国乙卷)Admission to lectures is free． B A．准许进入　　B．入场费　　　C．招认 3．They're planning to develop the whole site into a shopping complex． C A．adj．复杂的 B．adj．难懂的 C．n．建筑群 4．It was very thoughtful of you to send the flowers． C A．缜密思考过的　　B．深思的　　C．体贴的 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。 Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland． 2．锻炼不仅能改善我们的健康状况，而且使我们精神愉悦并提高学习效率。 ①Exercise not only improves our health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency． ②Not only does exercise improve our health but also makes us cheerful and raises our learning efficiency． 3．这部电影太感人了，以至于我最后忍不住哭了。 The movie was so touching that I couldn't help but cry in the end． 4．无论下雨还是晴天，比赛都将在户外进行。 The game will be played outdoors，whether it rains or shines． 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jordan对大学的专业和未来的职业选择感到迷茫，写信询问你的大学专业选择意向。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1．你决定选择的专业及理由； 2．你的建议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　写作微练 ①得知你正面临着大学专业和未来工作的艰难选择，我真诚地写信与你分享我的个人经验和一些建议。 Learning that you are faced with a hard choice of your major in college and your future job，I am writing sincerely to share with you my personal experience and some suggestions． ②永远记住，兴趣是最好的老师，我相信这是选择大学专业的黄金法则。 Always keep in mind that interest is the best teacher，and I believe it is the golden rule for choosing a major in college． ③从初中起，我就对生物学非常着迷，因此我计划选择它作为我的专业。 I have been crazy about biology since junior middle school，so I plan to choose it as my major． ④我不仅渴望了解自然界生态平衡的秘密，而且热衷于探索珍稀野生生物的生长。 Not only am I curious to understand the secret to ecological balance in nature but also I am keen to explore the growth of rare wildlife． ⑤在决定选择专业和未来的职业之前，你最好仔细考虑一下，把你的兴趣和才能考虑进去。 Before you make up your mind to choose a major and a future career，you'd better think over with caution and take your interest and talent into account． ⑥我希望我提出的以上建议能对你有所裨益，帮助你走出困境。 I do hope that the above suggestions I have put forward can be of some benefit and help you out of the dilemma． 　句式升级 ⑦用定语从句改写句② Always keep in mind that interest is the best teacher，which I believe is the golden rule for choosing a major in college． ⑧用省略句改写句⑤ Before making up your mind to choose a major and a future career，you'd better think over with caution and take your interest and talent into account． 　妙笔成篇 Dear Jordan， Learning that you are faced with a hard choice of your major in college and your future job，I am writing sincerely to share with you my personal experience and some suggestions． Always keep in mind that interest is the best teacher，which I believe is the golden rule for choosing a major in college．From my perspective，I have been crazy about biology since junior middle school，so I plan to choose it as my major．Not only am I curious to understand the secret to ecological balance in nature but also I am keen to explore the growth of rare wildlife．Consequently，before making up your mind to choose a major and a future career，you'd better think over with caution and take your interest and talent into account． I do hope that the above suggestions I have put forward can be of some benefit and help you out of the dilemma．Looking forward to your early reply． Yours， Li Hua 　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 ambition；trainee；correspondent；detective；thoughtful；qualified；fluency；sincerely；affection；take action；make up one's mind；pass up；have second thoughts；put off；weigh up 美句 1．The next，our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives—the future． 2．However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle，under immense pressure，was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead． 3．Nonetheless，part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions．Instead of looking back with regret，we should be facing our future with energy and optimism，for the choices are ours，and ours only． 拓展 语料 单词 whisper 低语；smile 微笑；dance 跳舞；weep 哭泣；sigh 叹息；hug拥抱 语块 like a cat on hot bricks 像热锅上的蚂蚁；have a heart of stone一副铁石心肠；wander lonely as a cloud像一朵浮云独自漫游；as bright as a button 非常聪明；as cool as a cucumber 极其冷静 句型 明喻： 1．When he heard us talking about the colorful life，the smile on his face shone like a diamond． 当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他脸上的笑容如钻石一样闪闪发光。 2．It murmured in a soft voice like a little girl whispering to her mother． 它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。 3．Tom was as sick as a dog，and couldn't go to the party．汤姆病得很厉害，不能去聚会。 拟人： 1．Anger choked my words．我气得说不出话来。 2．Seeing such extraordinary beauty，I think every cell in my body woke up． 看到这绝美景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。 3．The first rays of morning sunshine tiptoed through the grass． 第一缕晨光踮着脚穿过草地。 4．The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air，making a beautiful picture． 羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。 　语料运用 ①我无法下定决心选择哪条职业道路：医学还是商学，一种悲伤的感觉攫住了我。(拟人) I couldn't make up my mind which career path to choose：medicine or business and a sense of sadness seized me． ②一个夜晚，一辆公共汽车在车流中穿梭，突然，一个男孩闯入车流，被公共汽车撞倒了。(拟人) One evening saw/witnessed a bus weaving through traffic，and suddenly，a boy broke into the traffic and was knocked down by the bus． ③看起来这个男孩似乎失去了知觉。我推开车门，迅速跳下车，像箭一样冲向男孩并进行急救。(明喻) It seemed as if the boy lost his consciousness．I pushed my car door open，jumped off the car quickly，rushed towards him like an arrow，and performed first aid immediately． ④看到男孩像石头一样静静地躺在地上一动不动，我非常着急，就像热锅上的蚂蚁一样。(明喻) Seeing the boy lying still like a stone on the ground，I was anxious like a cat on hot bricks． ⑤当我看到这个男孩苏醒过来时，我脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。(明喻) When I saw the boy come to himself，the smile on my face shone like a diamond． ⑥我像一只快乐的小鸟一样回到我的车里，因为我知道我未来的职业选择是什么了。(明喻) I returned to my car like a happy bird because I knew what I would choose as my future career． 题型组合练(三十七)　选择性必修第四册　Unit 1　 Looking forwards (建议用时：45分钟　总分：47.5分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2026·河南新乡模拟)Cao Shuci，a former leading dancer of the National Ballet of China，has inspired audiences with her talent and determination． Starting ballet at nine，she joined the Affiliated Secondary School of Beijing Dance Academy and quickly rose to fame．By 16，she had claimed gold at the Helsinki International Ballet Competition and joined the National Ballet of China at 17． Her breakthrough came when she starred in Romeo and Juliet shortly after joining the company．“That's when I truly fell in love with ballet，” she recalled． Known for her technical excellence and dedication，she often practiced over 12 hours daily to perfect multiple roles．“Ballet isn't just a job—it's my life's purpose，” she said． However，her career faced a crisis in 2013 during a performance of The Little Mermaid，where she suffered a severe spinal injury．“My sacrum was distorted． I almost quit，” she admitted．For two years，she underwent painful recovery while starring in a war-themed film，Ballet in the Flames of War．“I refused to give up，” she explained． Returning to the stage in 2015，she shifted her focus from technical perfection to emotional storytelling．“Though my injury limits some moves，I now express deeper feelings through dance，” she said． Her performances gained international acclaim as she toured globally with the National Ballet of China． “Sharing Chinese ballet worldwide is my greatest pride，and dance has become part of my soul，” she emphasized． Her story highlights the sacrifices behind artistic success． While admitting ballet demands extraordinary commitment，she finds joy in its rewards． “Every drop of sweat is worth it when I step onto the stage，” she said． Today，she continues to inspire as both a dancer and a symbol of resilience，proving that passion can overcome even the toughest challenges． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国国家芭蕾舞团首席舞者曹舒慈在重伤后努力克服困难，重返舞台的故事。 1．Why did the dancer continue pursuing ballet despite her injury? A．Ballet became a key part of her identity． B．Her team asked her to return quickly． C．She extremely desired financial stability． D．She wanted to prove her technical superiority． A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Ballet isn't just a job—it's my life's purpose，’ she said．”可知，对她来说，芭蕾不仅是一份工作，更是其人生的目标，即她身份的重要组成部分。因此，即使受了重伤，她仍继续从事芭蕾舞表演。故选A。] 2．What can we know about the dancer in the war-themed film? A．It marked her permanent retirement from ballet． B．The film aimed to criticize the impact of war on artists． C．She was fully recovered from her injury during filming． D．It reflected her determination to stay connected to dance． D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For two years，she underwent painful recovery while starring in a war-themed film，Ballet in the Flames of War． ‘I refused to give up，’ she explained．”可知，曹舒慈在拍摄以战争为主题的电影期间坚持康复训练并拒绝放弃。因此这反映了她与舞蹈保持联系的决心。故选D。] 3．What occurred in the dancer's performance style after 2015? A．She reduced her practice hours to avoid injuries． B．She prioritized physical techniques over emotions． C．She abandoned classical roles for modern productions． D．She valued more emotional storytelling than technique． D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Returning to the stage in 2015，she shifted her focus from technical perfection to emotional storytelling．”可知，2015年重返舞台后，曹舒慈将重心从技术上的完美转向情感的讲述。故选D。] 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The physical risks of professional sports． B．The role of luck in achieving artistic fame． C．A dancer's career and her comeback in ballet． D．The balance between personal life and career． C　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段可知，文章讲述了中国国家芭蕾舞团首席舞者曹舒慈在重伤后努力克服困难，重返舞台的故事。故选C。] B (2025·山东淄博模拟)It's one of the most common questions adults ask children：what do you want to be when you grow up? Although childhood is supposed to be fun，kids also find themselves discussing some very important topics regarding their futures． Now，a new study finds children who set big goals in terms of their future career and education often set themselves up for success as they get older． The findings，published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology by Rodica Damian，a professor of psychology at the University of Houston，are the first to relate life goal development to future success in school or the workplace． Damian and other researchers discovered that as children grow up，their goals naturally begin to change and these changes are expected to have consequences for future life outcomes，including occupational outcomes． During the study，researchers compared how these goals changed as children moved from adolescence to adulthood and how a person's goals impacted their success in school and as a worker later on． To do this，the team examined two youth groups from Iceland who were followed for 12 years． By understanding how changes in life goals relate to educational and occupational outcomes，researchers show how changes within individuals may also predict desired educational and occupational attainment． “For educational achievement，the strongest effects were found for education goals． Both initial levels and slopes(斜率)of education goals were positively associated with educational achievement in both samples，” Damian reports． “This indicates that adolescents with higher education goals，and those who showed a more positive change pattern in education goals，had higher educational achievement in young adulthood．” Overall，a child's goals focusing on their education and future success in life were concordant with their income in adulthood throughout their lives． Simply put，when a child dreams big about doing well in school or achieving great success as an adult，these goals accurately paint a picture of how successful these children will be． So，the message is simple：dream big and dream of success，kids! If you can dream it，you can be it． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，从小设定关于未来职业和教育的远大目标的孩子，长大后往往更容易取得成功，并介绍了研究的过程以及结论，同时鼓励孩子们要有远大的梦想和目标。 5．What is the significance of the new study according to the text? A．It tells children the importance of setting goals in school． B．It shows how to change goals during different stages． C．It reveals the bond between life goals and future success． D．It encourages kids to have a plan for their future work early． C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now，a new study finds children who set big goals in terms of their future career and education often set themselves up for success as they get older．” 以及第二段内容可知，这项新研究的意义在于揭示了人生目标与未来成功之间的联系。故选C。] 6．How did researchers conduct the study? A．By analyzing typical cases． B．By observing participants' daily activities． C．By interviewing participants of different ages． D．By comparing the long-term information of participants． D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“During the study，researchers compared...To do this，the team examined two youth groups from Iceland who were followed for 12 years．” 可知，研究人员是通过比较参与者的长期信息来进行这项研究的。故选D。] 7．What does the underlined word “concordant” mean in the last paragraph? A．Consistent．　 B．Irrelevant． C．Contradictory．　 D．Competitive． A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下句“Simply put，when a child dreams big about doing well in school or achieving great success as an adult，these goals accurately paint a picture of how successful these children will be．” 可推知，此处是说孩子的目标与他们成年后的收入是一致的，能够准确地预测他们未来的成功，因此，画线词与A项“一致的(Consistent)”意思相同。故选A。] 8．What does the author suggest kids do? A．Struggle for educational and career goals． B．Aim high and have ambitious goals． C．Make adjustment in goal choices． D．Cherish the experience in adolescence． B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So，the message is simple：dream big and dream of success，kids! If you can dream it，you can be it．” 可推知，作者建议孩子们要志存高远，有雄心勃勃的目标。故选B。] Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2026·安徽合肥模拟)I started graduate school，excited to become the scientist I had wanted to be．However，along the way，Graduate Student Guilt kept me from 　1　 the challenges I was facing．I viewed my research project as mine alone，　2　 that its problems were my problems．Any time an experiment failed，I felt 　3　． Four years into my Ph．D．，I 　4　 my breaking point．I wanted to quit，but my adviser 　5　 me to turn to a doctor．My doctor suggested I get out of my 　6　．At that moment，I suddenly 　7　 the only way was to change actions．I told my doctor I 　8　 rock climbing，which had everything I could want as a(n) 　9　 graduate student—physical activity，problem solving，and a sense of progression．When I did rock climbing，I felt calm．It was clear that the constant，negative inner voice was 　10　．Holding onto the climbing wall by my fingers and toes，using every muscle to stay safe，I was merely 　11　 what I was doing in that moment rather than years of stress，failure，or depression． I had periods when it felt that no amount of enjoyment would help．But I learned there are steps I could take to make that feeling 　12　—exercising，reading for enjoyment or socializing．I should allow myself to be a person，rather than a robot that produces 　13　． Now，having 　14　 defended my Ph．D．，I understand that research needs failure．But failure doesn't 　15　 me．It's the courage to keep climbing—both on rocks and in life—that truly matters． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者在攻读博士学位过程中，因“研究生愧疚感”而面临诸多挑战，后通过攀岩等方式调整心态，最终成功完成学业并懂得失败并不能定义自己，重要的是保持攀登的勇气。 1．A．addressing　　 B．avoiding C．presenting　 D．questioning A　[根据上文“Graduate Student Guilt”和下文“I viewed my research project as mine alone”可知，愧疚感让作者无法去处理面临的挑战。故选A。] 2．A．denying　 B．pretending C．believing　 D．hoping C　[根据下文“Any time an experiment failed，I felt ______．”可知，作者认为实验失败是自己的问题，因此感到内疚。故选C。] 3．A．frightened　 B．unfair C．impatient　 D．guilty D　[根据上文“Graduate Student Guilt kept me from ________ the challenges I was facing”可知，作者有“研究生内疚感”，因此每当实验失败时，都会感到内疚。故选D。] 4．A．hit　 B．missed C．passed　 D．predicted A　[根据下文“I wanted to quit”可知，作者达到了崩溃的临界点，想要放弃。hit the breaking point是固定搭配，意为“达到临界点”。故选A。] 5．A．permitted　 B．persuaded C．promised　 D．appointed B　[根据下文“My doctor suggested I get out of my ______．”可知，作者的导师说服作者去看医生。故选B。] 6．A．life　 B．way C．business　 D．head D　[根据上文“Graduate Student Guilt kept me from ________ the challenges I was facing”和“Any time an experiment failed，I felt ________．”可知，作者因愧疚感和压力陷入负面情绪，因此医生建议作者跳出当前的思维模式。故选D。] 7．A．explained　 B．proved C．realized　 D．recalled C　[根据下文“the only way was to change actions”可知，作者突然意识到改变行动是唯一的方法。故选C。] 8．A．recommended　 B．enjoyed C．quit　 D．doubted B　[根据下文“When I did rock climbing，I felt calm．”可知，作者喜欢攀岩，并且在攀岩时感到平静。故选B。] 9．A．anxious　 B．independent C．productive　 D．selfish A　[根据上文“Graduate Student Guilt kept me from ________ the challenges I was facing”和“Any time an experiment failed，I felt ________．”可知，作者是一个焦虑的研究生。故选A。] 10．A．analyzed　 B．confirmed C．chosen　 D．silenced D　[根据上文“When I did rock climbing，I felt calm．”可知，作者在攀岩时感到平静，说明那个消极的内心声音被平息了。故选D。] 11．A．worrying about　 B．focusing on C．dreaming of　 D．setting aside B　[根据下文“rather than years of stress，failure，or depression”可知，作者将注意力集中在当下的攀岩动作上，而非过去的负面事物。故选B。] 12．A．spread　 B．follow C．disappear　 D．last C　[根据下文“exercising，reading for enjoyment or socializing”可知，作者通过锻炼、享受阅读或社交来让这种感觉消失。故选C。] 13．A．science　 B．response C．profit　 D．conflict A　[根据上文“I started graduate school，excited to become the scientist I had wanted to be．”可知，作者原本想成为一名科学家，但现在意识到自己应该做一个普通人，而不是一个生产科学的机器。故选A。] 14．A．secretly　 B．eagerly C．successfully　 D．effortlessly C　[根据下文“defended my Ph．D．”可知，作者已经成功地完成了博士学位的答辩。故选C。] 15．A．suit　 B．define C．recognize　 D．power B　[根据下文“It's the courage to keep climbing—both on rocks and in life—that truly matters．”可知，作者认为真正重要的是继续攀登的勇气，而不是失败。因此，失败并不能定义作者。故选B。] Ⅲ．七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2026·江苏镇江模拟)What does life purpose mean and，more importantly，how does one find and fulfill it? It has been a long journey getting to this point，and here is what I have learned so far along the way．　1　 Your life purpose is not something you can define today，nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish during your lifetime． 　2　 Then we can say，“This is what that person's life meant．” Play to your strengths 　3　 You were born with certain natural talents and abilities—use them．Develop your natural talents into skills by studying and practicing those talents．There is nothing wrong with trying to learn new things，but the likelihood is that you were born with the abilities needed to fulfill your life purpose． Pursue your passions For whatever reason，we all feel passionate about certain things in life． In order to live your life purpose，you must become completely immersed in whatever it is，which means it must be something you are passionate about． 　4　 That way，it will be impossible to perform at the highest level． Focus on what you can control If there is one lesson I have lived repeatedly in my life，it is that there is only one thing you can control：yourself． No matter how hard you try，you absolutely cannot control the results of your actions． All that we can do in life is put forth our best efforts． 　5　 A．Embrace your life． B．You are not capable of being all things to all people． C．After all，opportunities always favor the prepared mind． D．Remember your life purpose is a journey，not a destination． E．Only when your life has ended，will we have the full picture of it． F．The path to living your purpose is paved with continual self-improvement． G．Otherwise，you will be doing something that ultimately makes you miserable． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对如何寻找并实现人生目标的思考与建议。 1．D　[由上文可知，此处需说明人生目标的本质是动态的、持续的过程。D项中“a journey，not a destination”与下文“nor is it something you will ever fully know or accomplish”形成呼应，强调目标需通过长期探索实现。故选D项。] 2．E　[由上下文可知，此处需说明何时能完整理解人生目标。E项中“Only when your life has ended”与下文“Then”形成时间上的递进，符合逻辑。故选E项。] 3．B　[由下文“You were born with certain natural talents and abilities—use them．”和该段最后一句可知，此处需强调发挥个人优势的重要性。B项中“not capable of being all things”与下文“born with certain natural talents”形成对比，暗示应聚焦自身特长而非盲目迎合他人，符合逻辑。故选B项。] 4．G　[由上下文可知，此处需说明违背热情的后果。G项中“Otherwise”与上文“it must be something you are passionate about”形成条件对立，“makes you miserable”与下文“impossible to perform at the highest level”共同说明缺乏热情的负面影响。故选G项。] 5．C　[由上文“All that we can do in life is put forth our best efforts．”可知，此处需总结行动与结果的关系。C项中“After all”承接上文，强调尽管结果不可控，但通过“put forth best efforts”(即“有准备”)仍可能抓住机会，符合逻辑。故选C项。] 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $