Unit 8 Road to success 同步【语法】过去进行时 was&were doing-复习和练习-2025-2026学年沪外教版七年级下册

Unit 8 Road to success 同步【语法】 过去进行时 was & were doing 【同步语法复习】 1、 语法知识归纳 (1) 核心含义 · 过去进行时用来描述过去某个特定时刻正在进行的动作，强调动作在过去某时间点处于过程当中，不一定完成 · 也可描述过去一段时间内持续进行的动作。 (2) 基本结构 · 肯定：was /were + doing (现在分词) · 单数主语 (I/he/she/it) → was doing · 复数主语 (you/we/they) → were doing · 否定：wasn’t /weren’t + doing · 一般疑问：Was/Were + 主语 + doing …? (3) 关键时间标志与语境 1. at + 过去具体时刻（at 20:10 last night）： 过去某一刻正在做某事。 2. all morning / all evening： 过去一整段时间持续进行。 3. when / while · when：后接一般过去时（短暂动作），表示 “当一个短暂动作发生时，另一个长动作正在进行”。 · while：后常接过去进行时，强调两个长动作同时在过去进行。 (4) 与一般过去时对比 · 过去进行时： 强调过去动作正在进行、处于过程，不强调做完。 · 一般过去时： 强调过去动作已经完成，侧重事实、结果。 (5) 课本原句理解 So, at 20:10 he was reading. 句意：所以，在 20 点 10 分那个时刻，他正在看书。 解析：at 20:10是过去的时间点，在这个时间点动作正在发生，用过去进行时 was reading。 They were doing the housework together. 句意：他们当时正在一起做家务。 解析：描述 20:10 这个时刻，父母正在进行的动作。 2、 课本习题 (1) 课本习题C1 Q：Study the blue parts and the timeline. Then tell what tense is used and why. 答案： What: Past continuous (was/were doing) 过去进行时。 Why: The timeline gives a specific time point in the past. It shows the action was ongoing at that past moment, so we use past continuous. 时间轴给出过去具体时刻，表示动作在过去该时点正在进行，因此用过去进行时。 (2) 课本习题C2 1. We watched / were watching when our swimming team won first place. 答案：were watching 句意：当我们游泳队赢得第一名的时候，我们正在观看比赛。 解析：when 后面won是一般过去时（短暂动作发生）；主句描述在获胜那一刻，“观看” 这个长动作正在进行，用过去进行时 were watching。 2. I went / was going to an invention competition while I was staying in Guangzhou. 答案：was going 句意：当我待在广州的那段时间，我在参加一场发明比赛。 解析：while 引导时间状语从句使用过去进行时，主从句描述过去同步持续的两件事，主句也用过去进行时 was going。 3. It rained / was raining heavily outside while she was practising public speaking in front of the mirror. 答案：was raining 句意：当她对着镜子练习公开演讲的时候，外面正下着大雨。 解析：while 引导从句为过去进行时，主从句两个动作在过去同时持续发生，主句用过去进行时 was raining。 (3) 课本习题C3 Tuesday, 1 July Sunny Haohao was hoping to improve his maths grade from a C to a B. When I called him last weekend, he 1 ______ (practise) on past exam papers. He wanted to be better prepared for the next exam. In fact, he was working hard all term. He 2 ______ (check) his class notes and textbook every day. Whenever he 3 ______ (have) a maths problem, he asked his classmates for help. Often, during the break, I would see that our teacher 4 ______ (explain) difficult maths ideas to him. Sometimes, when I spoke to him, he was slow to answer. He said he 5 ______ (do) maths exercises in his head at that time. With such hard work, I believe he will get good grades. 答案 1. was practising 2. checked 3. had 4. was explaining 5. was doing 解析 1. was practising 句意：上周末我打电话给他的时候，他正在做往年试卷。 解析：When I called him（一般过去时，短暂动作），表示 “当我打电话那一刻”，practise 这个动作当时正在进行；主语 he 三单，过去进行时 was practising。 2. checked 句意：他每天翻看课堂笔记和课本。 解析：every day 描述过去日常习惯性动作，并非强调 “正在进行”，使用一般过去时 checked。 3. had 句意：每当他遇到数学难题，他就向同学求助。 解析：whenever 引导过去时间状语，描述过去反复发生的情况，用一般过去时 had。 4. was explaining 句意：课间的时候，我经常看见老师正在给他讲解难懂的数学知识点。 解析：during the break “在课间那个时段”，强调当时老师正在讲解，see sb. that 从句内用过去进行时 was explaining。 5. was doing 句意：他说在那个时刻他正在脑子里演算数学题。 解析：at that time在那时，过去进行时标志性时间，强调当时脑中正在演算；主语 he，was doing。 【同步语法练习】 ——基础层—— 1、 单项选择 1. —What were you doing at 8:30 last night? —I ______ my homework. A. do B. did C. was doing D. am doing 2. —Why didn’t you pick up my phone yesterday afternoon? —Sorry. I ______ a speech in the hall. A. gave B. was giving C. give D. am giving 3. My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday. A. cooks B. cooked C. was cooking D. is cooking 4. —What were your parents doing at that moment? —My dad was reading newspapers ______ my mum was washing clothes. A. when B. while C. if D. because 5. It ______ heavily when the accident happened. A. is raining B. rained C. was raining D. rains 6. They ______ basketball from 4:00 to 5:00 yesterday afternoon. A. played B. were playing C. play D. are playing 2、 用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1. I ____________ (work) on my report at nine o’clock last night. 2. The students ____________ (do) groupwork when the bell rang. 3. He ____________ (edit) a short video at that time. 4. You ____________ (carry) out a survey at 10:00 yesterday morning, right? 5. We ____________ (make) a plan for the trip the whole evening yesterday. 6. She ____________ (do) some research when I sent her a message. ——提升层—— 1、 判断正（T）误（F）并改错 1. I read a novel at 9:00 last night. 2. While he was doing his homework, his sister watched TV. 3. They were playing football when it began to rain. 4. He were drawing pictures at that time. 5. When I got to the park, some people danced. 6. She was preparing gifts all last Sunday. 2、 中译英（必须使用过去进行时） 1. 昨天晚上七点，我正在整理我的旧书籍。 2. 当妈妈走进房间的时候，Lily 正在练习弹钢琴。 3. 昨天晚上八点到十点，他们正在讨论学校项目。 4. 当暴风雨来临时，工人们正在修建这座桥。 5. 我妹妹在写日记，与此同时我在阅读杂志。 6. 昨天那个时候，他正在网上查找有用信息。 ——提升层—— 1、 语法填空 It was Friday evening. At 7:20 p.m., most of my neighbours 1.________ (stay) at home. Mr Li 2.________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen when the light suddenly went out. His wife 3.________ (read) magazines on the sofa. Their son 4.________ (play) with his toy car at that moment. Nextdoor, Miss Wang 5.________ (work) on her report. She felt a little upset because the power cut stopped her work. Downstairs, some kids 6.________ (chat) happily. They didn’t mind the dark. Just then, the manager 7.________ (come) and told us there was a small problem with the power system. He said workers 8.________ (fix) the lights and power quickly. Half an hour later, everything returned to normal. 2、 书面表达 题目：A special moment 写作要求 1. 词数：6080 词 2. 描述过去某个特定时刻发生的故事； 3. 语法要求：至少两处过去进行时（was/were doing）。 参考答案和解析 ——基础层—— 一、 单项选择 1. 答案：C 句意：—— 昨晚八点半你在做什么？—— 我正在写作业。 解析：at 8:30 last night过去确切时间点，询问过去某一刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时 was doing。 2. 答案：B 句意：—— 你昨天下午为什么不接我电话？—— 抱歉，我当时正在大厅做演讲。 解析：描述打电话那个时间点，演讲动作正在进行，用过去进行时 was giving。 3. 答案：C 句意：昨天我到家的时候，妈妈正在做晚饭。 解析：when 后got home一般过去时（短暂动作），到家那一刻做饭动作正在进行，用过去进行时 was cooking。 4. 答案：B 句意：—— 那时你的父母在干什么？—— 爸爸在看报纸，而妈妈在洗衣服。 解析：主从句都是过去进行时，两个长动作过去同时发生，用 while 连接。 5. 答案：C 句意：事故发生的时候，天正下着大雨。 解析：when 后面happened短暂过去动作；事故发生那一刻下雨正在进行，用过去进行时 was raining。 6. 答案：B 句意：昨天下午四点到五点他们一直在打篮球。 解析：from 4:00 to5:00过去一段持续时间，强调时间段内动作一直在进行，用过去进行时 were playing。 二、 用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1. 答案：was working 句意：昨晚九点我正在写报告。 解析：at nine o’clock last night 为过去具体时刻，强调过去某一时间点动作正在发生；主语为 I，过去进行时 be 动词选用 was，work 的现在分词为 working。 2. 答案：were doing 句意：铃响的时候，学生们正在做小组任务。 解析：when 后面rang是一般过去时短暂动作，表示铃声响起的瞬间，小组活动正在开展；主语 students 是复数，be 动词用 were，do 的现在分词为 doing。 3. 答案：was editing 句意：在那个时刻他正在剪辑短视频。 解析：at that time是过去进行时标志性时间状语，侧重过去那一刻动作正在进行；主语 he 为第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，edit 的现在分词为 editing。 4. 答案：were carrying 句意：昨天上午十点你正在做一项调查，对吗？ 解析：at 10:00 yesterday morning过去确切时间点；主语为 you，过去进行时 be 动词使用 were，carry 的现在分词为 carrying。 5. 答案：were making 句意：昨天一整晚我们都在制定旅行方案。 解析：the whole evening表示过去一整段持续的时间段，强调动作在该时段内持续进行；主语 we 为复数，be 动词用 were，make 的现在分词为 making。 6. 答案：was doing 句意：我给她发消息的时候，她正在做调研。 解析：when 从句sent为一般过去时，代表发消息这个短暂动作发生的瞬间，调研工作正在进行；主语 she 单数，be 动词用 was，do 的现在分词为 doing。 ——提升层—— 一、 判断正（T）误（F）并改错 1. F 改正：I was reading a novel at 9:00 last night. 句意：昨晚九点我正在读一本小说。 解析：at 9:00 last night 为过去精确时间点，强调那一刻动作正在进行，要用过去进行时 was reading，不用一般过去时 read。 2. F 改正：While he was doing his homework, his sister was watching TV. 句意：当他在写作业的时候，他妹妹正在看电视。 解析：while 引导两个过去同步持续的长动作，主从句都要用过去进行时。 3. T 句意：天开始下雨的时候，他们正在踢足球。 解析：when 后一般过去时短暂动作；主句过去进行时描述下雨瞬间踢球正在进行，语法结构正确。 4. F 改正：He was drawing pictures at that time. 句意：那时他正在画画。 解析：主语 he 是第三人称单数，过去进行时 be 动词用 was，不能用 were。 5. F 6. 改正：When I got to the park, some people were dancing. 7. 句意：当我到达公园的时候，一些人正在跳舞。 8. 解析：got to 是过去短暂动作；到达公园那一刻跳舞动作正在发生，主句用过去进行时 were dancing。 9. T 10. 句意：上周日一整天她都在准备礼物。 11. 解析：all last Sunday 过去一整段持续时间，用过去进行时 was preparing，语法正确。 二、 中译英（必须使用过去进行时） 1. I was sorting out my old books at seven o’clock last night. 解析：at seven o’clock last night 过去确切时间点，强调当时动作正在进行，主语 I，用 was sorting out。 2. Lily was practising playing the piano when Mum walked into the room. 解析：when 后一般过去时短暂动作；走进房间那一刻练习钢琴正在进行，was practising。 3. They were discussing the school project from 8 p.m. to 10 p.m. last night. 解析：from…to… 过去持续时间段，强调时间段动作持续进行；主语 they 复数，were discussing。 4. The workers were building the bridge when the rainstorm came. 解析：when 后面 came 短暂过去动作；暴风雨来临瞬间修建桥梁正在进行，were building。 5. My sister was keeping a diary while I was reading magazines. 解析：while 连接过去两个同时进行的长动作，主从句均使用过去进行时。 6. He was searching for useful information online at that time yesterday. 解析：at that time yesterday 过去进行时标志性时间，主语 he，was searching for。 ——提升层—— 一、 语法填空 【答案汇总】 1. were staying 2. was cooking 3. was reading 4. was playing 5. was working 6. were chatting 7. came 8. were fixing 【解析】 1. were staying 句意：晚上 7 点 20 分，我的大多数邻居正待在家里。 解析：At 7:20 p.m. 过去确切时间点；主语 neighbours 复数，过去进行时 were staying，强调当时人们正处于家中。 2. was cooking 句意：当灯突然熄灭的时候，李先生正在厨房里做晚饭。 解析：when 后 went out 短暂过去动作；断电那一刻做饭动作正在进行；主语 Mr Li 单数，was cooking。 3. was reading 句意：他的妻子正在沙发上看杂志。 解析：描述断电发生的那个时刻妻子正在做的事，主语 his wife 单数，was reading。 4. was playing 句意：他们的儿子那个时候正在玩玩具汽车。 解析：at that moment 过去时刻，强调动作正在进行；主语 son 单数，was playing。 5. was working 句意：隔壁的王小姐当时正在写报告。 解析：语境描述停电瞬间正在发生的动作；主语 Miss Wang 单数，was working。 6. were chatting 句意：楼下，几个孩子正开心地聊天。 解析：描写停电那一刻孩子们正在进行的动作；主语 kids 复数，were chatting。 7. came 句意：就在这时，物业经理走过来告诉我们电力系统出了一点小故障。 解析：just then “就在这时”，描述过去发生的短暂事实动作，使用一般过去时 came。 8. were fixing 句意：他说工人们正在快速抢修灯光和电力。 解析：宾语从句，转述当时工人正在进行抢修工作；主语 workers 复数，were fixing。 二、 书面表达 参考范文 A special moment Last Saturday evening, there was a heavy rain. At 8 o’clock, I was reading a storybook in my room while my parents were preparing supper. Suddenly, we heard a loud knock on the door. Our neighbour stood outside. He didn’t take an umbrella. We invited him in. While he was waiting for the rain to stop, we talked happily. It was a warm special moment in my memory. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $