Unit6语法(不定代词)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年沪教四五学制版英语七年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦Unit6不定代词both/neither/all/none的语法讲解与练习，通过词义总览表格清晰呈现四者的数量范围、主谓一致等核心区分，以“两者/三者及以上”为切入点构建学习支架，帮助学生衔接前后语法知识。 资料亮点在于详细用法解析与高频易错点总结结合，配套多样化练习（动词填空、单项选择等），助力学生准确理解语法规则，提升语言能力，培养分析对比的思维品质，同时通过分层练习增强学习能力，适合初中英语语法教学高效使用。

Unit6 Mountains and rivers语法讲解与练习 语法：不定代词 both /neither/all /none 详细讲解 核心区分数量：both /neither 用于两者；all /none 用于三者及以上 一、词义总览 单词 含义 数量范围 主谓一致 both 两者都 2 个 复数谓语（are/do） neither 两者都不 2 个 单数谓语（is/does） all 全部,都 ≥3 个;不可数名词 复数谓语 (可数复数)；单数 (不可数) none 全都不,没有一个 ≥3 个;不可数名词 单数谓语（is/does） 二、详细用法 1. both 两者都（指两个人/物） ① both … and … …… 和…… 两者都 结构：Both +单数名词 and +单数名词，谓语动词用复数 ✅ Both the mountain and the river are famous. 这座山和这条河都很有名。 ② both of + 复数名词/代词（只能接 2 个对象） both of 后面名词必须复数；谓语用复数 ✅ Both of the two rivers run through the city. 两条河流都流经这座城市。 代词示例：Both of them like travelling. 他们俩都喜欢旅行。 易错： both 后面直接加名词：both rivers（√）； both of rivers（×）（of 后要加 the / 限定词） 2. neither 两者都不（两个当中没有一个） ① neither … nor … …… 和…… 两者都不 结构：Neither +单数名词 nor +单数名词；谓语动词单数 ✅ Neither the mountain nor the river is far from here. 这座山和这条河都离这儿不远。 ② neither of + 复数名词/代词（仅两者） neither of +复数，谓语动词必须单数（课本规则） ✅ Neither of the two lakes is deep. 这两个湖泊没有一个很深。 ✅ Neither of us knows the way. 我们俩谁都不知道路。 辨析：both 是两者肯定；neither 是两者全部否定。 3. all 全部，都（三者及以上/不可数名词） all of +复数名词 (≥3)/不可数名词 接复数可数名词：谓语复数 are/do ✅ All of these mountains are very high. 所有这些山都很高。 接不可数名词：谓语单数 ✅ All of the water is clean. 所有的水都很干净。 all 可直接修饰名词：all the rivers（√） 4. none 全都不（三者及以上全部否定；也接不可数名词） none of + 复数名词 (≥3)/ 不可数名词 课本语法：谓语动词用单数 is/does ✅ None of the three mountains is small. 这三座山没有一座是矮小的。 ✅ None of the water is wasted. 一点水都没有被浪费。 💡关键对比 两者：肯定 both；否定 neither 三者及以上：肯定 all；否定 none 三、重点句型对比例句 Both of the two islands are beautiful.（两者都…复数谓语） 这两座岛屿都很美。 Neither of the two islands is beautiful.（两者都不…单数谓语） 这两座岛屿都不美。 All of the five islands are beautiful.（三者以上都…复数谓语） 这五座岛屿都很美。 None of the five islands is beautiful.（三者以上都不…单数谓语） 这五座岛屿没有一座很美。 四、高频易错点总结 ✅both/neither →数量 = 2；all/none →数量≥3，做题先判断数量！ neither of …/none of … 后面即使是复数名词，谓语动词也要用单数。 both … and … 谓语永远复数； neither … nor …谓语就近原则，根据nor后面的名词/代词单复数决定。 none 可以接不可数名词；neither不能接不可数名词，neither 只用于两者可数。 of 后面的名词要有限定词（the/these/my）： both of the hills（√）；both of hills（×） 【配套练习】 一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1.Both the river and the mountain ________ (be) very famous. 2.Neither of the two lakes ________ (be) deep. 3.All of these mountains ________ (stand) in the west of China. 4.None of the three hills ________ (be) low. 5.Both of them ________ (like) visiting natural places. 6.Neither Tom nor his brother ________ (know) where the river starts. 7.All of the water in the lake ________ (be) clear. 8.None of the information ________ (help) for our trip. 9.Both of the two paths ________ (lead) to the top of the mountain. 10.Neither of the two guides ________ (have) a map. 11.All of the visitors ________ (enjoy) the view of the river. 12.None of the trees here ________ (grow) in winter. 13.Both the Yangtze and Yellow rivers ________ (run) across China. 14.Neither of the two valleys ________ (attract) many tourists. 15.All of this rain water ________ (go) into the river. 16.None of the three bridges ________ (cross) the wide lake. 17.Both of my parents ________ (love) travelling to mountains. 18.Neither of the answers ________ (be) right. 19.All of the rocks ________ (look) strange. 20.None of us ________ (want) to climb that high mountain. 21.Both wind and rain ________ (change) the shape of mountains. 22.Neither of the two boats ________ (sail) on this cold river. 23.All of the sand ________ (come) from the mountains far away. 24.None of the local people ________ (live) near that dry lake. 25.Both cities ________ (sit) beside big rivers. 二、单项选择 1.—Which of the two rivers is long? —______ is long. They are both short. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 2.______ the mountain ______ the valley are worth visiting. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. All; and D. None; nor 3.None of the three mountains ______ near our town. A. are B. is C. were D. be 4.Both of the two lakes ______ very clean. A. is B. are C. was D. be 5.—How many of the five rivers are small? —______. All of them are big. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 6.Neither of the two travellers ______ the way to the top. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. known 7.______ of the water is wasted. We save every drop. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 8.All of these hills ______ covered with green trees. A. is B. are C. was D. be 9.Both of them like mountains, but ______ likes rivers. A. neither B. none C. all D. both 10.—Which would you like, the mountain trip or the river trip? —______ is OK. I don’t mind. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Neither 11.______ of the four bridges can cross the wide river. We need a new one. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 12.Neither my sister nor I ______ interested in this trip. A. is B. are C. am D. be 13.All the wood ______ from the forests on the mountain. A. come B. comes C. coming D. came 14.Both of the two islands are beautiful, but ______ has hotels. A. neither B. none C. all D. both 15.—Are all the three rivers deep? —No. ______ is deep. They are shallow. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 三、句型改写 1.Both of the two mountains are high.（改为否定句，两者都不） ________ ________ the two mountains ________ high. 2.All of the three lakes are clean.（改为否定句，三者全部否定） ________ ________ the three lakes ________ clean. 3.Both Tom and Jack like mountainclimbing.（用 neither…nor 改写否定句） ________ Tom ________ Jack ________ mountainclimbing. 4.Neither of the two rivers is long.（改为肯定句，用 both） ________ ________ the two rivers ________ long. 5.None of the four hills is big.（改为肯定句，用 all） ________ ________ the four hills ________ big. 6.Both of them know about the Yangtze River.（改为一般疑问句） ________ ________ ________ know about the Yangtze River? 7.All of the water is fresh.（改为否定句） ________ ________ the water ________ fresh. 8.Neither of the two guides knows the place.（改为 both 肯定句） ________ ________ the two guides ________ the place. 9.The two valleys are both famous.（同义句改写，用 both … and …） ________ the first valley ________ the second one ________ famous. 10.None of us wants to stop travelling.（改为肯定句，all） ________ ________ ________ want to stop travelling. 四、汉译英 1.这座山和这条河都很有名。 ______________________________________________ 2.这两个湖泊没有一个很深。 ______________________________________________ 3.所有这三座山脉都位于中国西部。 ______________________________________________ 4.这三座桥没有一座横跨这条大河。 ______________________________________________ 5.他们俩都喜欢游览名山大川。 ______________________________________________ 6.Tom 和他弟弟都不知道这条河的源头在哪里。 ______________________________________________ 7.所有的游客都欣赏河流的美景。 ______________________________________________ 8.我们当中没有人想要攀登那座高山。 ______________________________________________ 9.风和雨都会改变山脉的形态。 ______________________________________________ 10.这两条船都不能在这条寒冷的河上航行。 ______________________________________________ Keys 一、动词正确形式填空 1.are 2.is 3.stand 4.is 5.like 6.knows 7.is 8.helps 9.lead 10.has 11.enjoy 12.grows 13.run 14.attracts 15.goes 16.crosses 17.love 18.is 19.look 20.wants 21.change 22.sails 23.comes 24.lives 25.sit 二、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.D 三、句型改写 1.Neither of; is 2.None of; is 3.Neither; nor; likes 4.Both of; are 5.All of; are 6.Do both of them 7.None of; is 8.Both of; know 9.Both; and; are 10.All of us 四、汉译英 1.Both the mountain and the river are very famous. 2.Neither of the two lakes is deep. 3.All of the three mountains lie/stand in the west of China. 4.None of the three bridges crosses the big river. 5.Both of them like visiting famous mountains and great rivers. 6.Neither Tom nor his brother knows where the river starts. 7.All of the visitors enjoy the beauty/view of the river. 8.None of us wants to climb that high mountain. 9.Both wind and rain change the shape of mountains. 10.Neither of the two boats sails on this cold river. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $