Unit 7 Natural Disasters（B卷·能力提升）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 紧扣《英语 基础模块3》Unit 7核心考点，B卷聚焦能力提升，通过词汇语法、情景交际等多题型整合知识，适配单元复习，强化语言能力与环保意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇与语法|25/25|自然灾难相关词汇辨音、词义及语法点（如时态、从句）|结合单元主题，夯实语言基础| |情景交际|15/30|环保对话（如绿色出行、节约资源）|创设真实情境，提升跨文化沟通能力| |阅读理解|10/20|人类活动与自然灾害、环保海报制作|选材贴近社会热点，培养思维品质| |英汉互译|5/15|环保主题句型（如not until、by the time）|强化语言转换能力，落实学习能力| |应用写作|1/10|撰写环保海报（含灾害现象、原因及行动建议）|整合单元知识，提升知识应用与创新能力|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：70分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 综合卷Ⅰ（75分） 一、词汇与语法（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分） （一）单词辨音 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出画线部分发音不同的一项。 1．sandstorm A．star B．tap C．dark 2．frequently A．mouth B．jump C．under 3．realize A．night B．child C．rich 4．pollute A．lock B．hole C．tone 5．force A．message B．even C．never （二）词义选择 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出与画线单词意思最接近的选项。 6．The flight was canceled due to the typhoon. A. 继续 B. 开始 C. 取消；撤销 7．We must protect our earth. A. 保护 B. 伤害 C. 破坏 8．Rapid urban development causes environmental problems. A. 乡村的 B. 城市的 C. 野外的 9．We had a discussion about climate change. A. 讨论 B. 沉默 C. 独白 10．Electric vehicles produce less pollution. A. 动物 B. 行人 C. 车辆；交通工具 11．Trees help protect the soil. A. 空气 B. 土地；土壤 C. 水源 12．We should definitely take action now. A. 可能地 B. 确定地 C. 模糊地 13．The delay was due to the bad weather. A. 由于；因为 B. 除非 C. 尽管 14．Experts tie the problem to human activities. A. 切断 B. 分开 C. 将……联结 15．The wind blows strongly during a typhoon. A. (风)吹 B. 拉 C. 推 （三）语法运用 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 16．______ makes too much difference whether we have it or not. A. It won't B. That C. What 17．______ is why they decided to hold a meeting about environmental protection. A. Which B. That C. What 18．The most important thing is ______ we can get more people to join us. A. how B. what C. when 19．It is said that the first electric car ______ more than three centuries ago. A. was invented B. has invented C. invented 20．_________ small actions matter is something we should all understand. A. That B. Which C. What 21．______ of the natural disasters in recent years have increased. A. Numbers B. A number C. The number 22．By the time we arrived, the meeting ______ already ______. A. had been canceled B. has canceled C. was canceling 23．The government suggests that every citizen ______ part in environmental protection. A. took B. takes C. (should) take 24．Only when we work together ______ it possible to protect our earth. A. is B. will be C. are 25．It was not until the accident happened ______ they realized the importance of safety. A. when B. that C. before 二、情景交际（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （一）简短对话 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能回答或承接所给对话的最佳选项。 26．Speaker A: May I put this bottle into the recycling bin? Speaker B: ________. A. I am sorry. B. See you later. C. Sure, go ahead. 27．Speaker A: Shall we ride bikes to school tomorrow? Speaker B: ________. A. Good idea. B. Good luck. C. Not at all. 28．Speaker A: I am sorry I wasted so much paper. Speaker B: ________. A. Never mind. Save it next time. B. You are very welcome. C. Many thanks for your help. 29．Speaker A: Why do people use electric cars? Speaker B: ________. A. For two hours. B. At the bus stop. C. To reduce pollution. 30．Speaker A: What does sustainable development mean? Speaker B: ________. A. Using resources wisely. B. Opening the window. C. Buying new clothes. 31．Speaker A: Could you turn off the computer? Speaker B: ________. A. Of course. B. Good luck. C. It does not matter. 32．Speaker A: How can we make the air cleaner? Speaker B: ________. A. Read the story again. B. Eat more vegetables. C. Use public transport more. 33．Speaker A: Is the sandstorm over now? Speaker B: ________. A. Yes, at the library. B. Yes, the sky is clear. C. No, I like music. 34．Speaker A: Would you like to join the green club? Speaker B: ________. A. Yes, three days. B. No, it is mine. C. Yes, I'd love to. 35．Speaker A: Thank you for reminding me to save electricity. Speaker B: ________. A. I am afraid so. B. You are welcome. C. Good luck. （二）补全对话 阅读下面的对话，从对话后所给的A—G七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sara: Hi, Li Ming. Why do you ride a bike today? Li Ming: 36. ______ Sara: Is it good for the air? Li Ming: 37. ______ Sara: What else can we do? Li Ming: 38. ______ Sara: Can small things help? Li Ming: 39. ______ Sara: Great. Shall we join the green club? Li Ming: 40. ______ Sara: Then let's sign up after class. A. We can save water. B. Yes, I'd love to. C. To reduce pollution. D. No, I hate clubs. E. Yes, it makes less smoke. F. Yes, every action matters. G. We should waste paper. 三、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列两篇短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 A It is true that these disasters are not actually all that natural. Some people do not pay enough attention to smog, and they do not know where the harmful gases come from. In fact, the gases from heavy industry and vehicles partly cause smog problems. These same gases also lead to acid rain, which damages forests, lakes and buildings. When they enter the atmosphere, they trap heat and contribute to global warming. Scientists warn that if we keep burning fossil fuels at the current rate, sea levels will rise and extreme weather events will become even more common. However, it is lucky that humans have realized the importance of environmental protection. We are promoting green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. People are encouraged to use electric cars and public transportation. Though we cannot prevent all disasters, we should make changes to protect our planet. 41．According to the writer, are all natural disasters truly natural? A. Yes, none involve human activities. B. No, some are caused by human activities. C. Only scientists know the answer. 42．What does the word "atmosphere" probably mean? A. The air around the earth. B. The water under the ground. C. The plants in a forest. 43．What might happen if we keep burning fossil fuels? A. All environmental problems disappear. B. Sea levels rise and extreme weather increases. C. The weather becomes perfect everywhere. 44．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Humans can prevent every disaster easily. B. Humans can still take action to reduce harm. C. No one cares about the environment. 45．What is the main idea of the passage? A. Electric cars cause acid rain. B. Natural disasters are always harmless. C. Human activities can worsen disasters, but changes help. B Making a poster about environmental protection is a great way to raise awareness. Your poster should show both the problems and the solutions. Start with a catchy title like "Save Our Earth" or "Protect Our Planet". Then list the problems: natural disasters have been increasing, such as typhoons, floods, droughts and heat waves. Some of them are caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests. For example, air pollution from cars and factories leads to smog and health problems. Next, provide clear solutions that people can follow in daily life. You can suggest five simple actions: save electricity and water, reduce waste, use public transportation, plant trees and recycle materials. End with a powerful message like "Protecting our earth starts with you!" A well-designed poster with pictures and short sentences can help more people understand the urgency of environmental protection. 46．What is the purpose of making an environmental protection poster? A. To raise awareness about environmental issues. B. To sell products to customers. C. To advertise a new movie. 47．What does the word "catchy" probably mean? A. Very long and difficult. B. Quiet and unimportant. C. Easy to notice and remember. 48．What human activity is mentioned as a cause of disasters? A. Planting more trees and flowers. B. Burning fossil fuels and cutting forests. C. Using solar and wind energy. 49．What can we infer about a good poster? A. It should be clear and easy to follow. B. It should use only long paragraphs. C. It should avoid pictures and short sentences. 50．Which is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Natural Disasters B. How to Make an Environmental Protection Poster C. Why Posters Are Always Useless 综合卷Ⅱ（25分） 四、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 51．The fact is that small actions matter.（英译汉） ______________________________ 52．It is reported that air pollution is getting worse.（英译汉） ______________________________ 53．Sustainable development is the key to our future.（英译汉） ______________________________ 54．到我们到达的时候，展览已经开始了。（by the time）（中译英） ______________________________ 55．直到事故发生他们才意识到安全的重要性。（not until）（中译英） ______________________________ 五、应用写作（满分10分） 56．假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展"环境保护周"活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文海报。 1. 近年自然灾害增多的现象（如台风、洪水、干旱）； 2. 人为原因分析（如燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林）； 3. 呼吁大家从身边小事做起（如节约用电、绿色出行、回收利用）。 注意：词数80左右。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 7 Natural Disasters B卷·能力提升 考试时间：70分钟 满分：100分 班级_____姓名_____学号_____成绩_____ 综合卷Ⅰ（75分） 一、词汇与语法（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分） （一）单词辨音 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出画线部分发音不同的一项。 1．sandstorm A．star B．tap C．dark 【答案】B 【详解】考查字母 a 的发音。sandstorm、star、dark 中 a 发 /ɑː/，tap 中 a 发 /æ/，发音不同。故选 B。 2．frequently A．mouth B．jump C．under 【答案】A 【详解】考查字母 u 的发音。frequently、jump、under 中 u 发 /ʌ/，mouth 中 u 发 /juː/，发音不同。故选 A。 3．realize A．night B．child C．rich 【答案】C 【详解】考查字母 i 的发音。realize、night、child 中 i 发 /aɪ/，rich 中 i 发 /ɪ/，发音不同。故选 C。 4．pollute A．lock B．hole C．tone 【答案】A 【详解】考查字母 o 的发音。pollute、hole、tone 中 o 发 /əʊ/，lock 中 o 发 /ɒ/，发音不同。故选 A。 5．force A．message B．even C．never 【答案】B 【详解】考查字母 e 的发音。force、message、never 中 e 发 /e/，even 中 e 发 /iː/，发音不同。故选 B。 （二）词义选择 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出与画线单词意思最接近的选项。 6．The flight was canceled due to the typhoon. A. 继续 B. 开始 C. 取消；撤销 【答案】C 【详解】考查词义。"cancel"在句中表示"取消；撤销"。开始和继续与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选C。 7．We must protect our earth. A. 保护 B. 伤害 C. 破坏 【答案】A 【详解】考查词义。"protect"在句中表示"保护"。伤害和破坏与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选A。 8．Rapid urban development causes environmental problems. A. 乡村的 B. 城市的 C. 野外的 【答案】B 【详解】考查词义。"urban"在句中表示"城市的"。乡村的和野外的与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选B。 9．We had a discussion about climate change. A. 讨论 B. 沉默 C. 独白 【答案】A 【详解】考查词义。"discussion"在句中表示"讨论"。沉默和独白与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选A。 10．Electric vehicles produce less pollution. A. 动物 B. 行人 C. 车辆；交通工具 【答案】C 【详解】考查词义。"vehicle"在句中表示"车辆；交通工具"。行人和动物与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选C。 11．Trees help protect the soil. A. 空气 B. 土地；土壤 C. 水源 【答案】B 【详解】考查词义。"soil"在句中表示"土地；土壤"。水源和空气与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选B。 12．We should definitely take action now. A. 可能地 B. 确定地 C. 模糊地 【答案】B 【详解】考查词义。"definitely"在句中表示"确定地"。可能地和模糊地与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选B。 13．The delay was due to the bad weather. A. 由于；因为 B. 除非 C. 尽管 【答案】A 【详解】考查词义。"due to"在句中表示"由于；因为"。尽管和除非与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选A。 14．Experts tie the problem to human activities. A. 切断 B. 分开 C. 将……联结 【答案】C 【详解】考查词义。"tie"在句中表示"将……联结"。分开和切断与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选C。 15．The wind blows strongly during a typhoon. A. (风)吹 B. 拉 C. 推 【答案】A 【详解】考查词义。"blow"在句中表示"(风)吹"。拉和推与句意不符，无法替换画线词。故选A。 （三）语法运用 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 16．______ makes too much difference whether we have it or not. A. It won't B. That C. What 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句it作形式主语。whether引导的真正主语从句后置，用it won't作形式主语构成惯用表达。what和that都不能与won't搭配形成此句式结构。 17．______ is why they decided to hold a meeting about environmental protection. A. Which B. That C. What 【答案】B 【详解】考查主语从句that引导。从句"why they decided..."本身完整且有明确含义，用that引导主语从句仅起连接作用。what需在从句充当成分、which暗示选择范围但此处无选项。 18．The most important thing is ______ we can get more people to join us. A. how B. what C. when 【答案】A 【详解】考查表语从句how引导方式状语从句。thing后说明方式方法，即如何让更多人加入，用how。what指事物、when指时间均无法回答"怎样做"的问题。 19．It is said that the first electric car ______ more than three centuries ago. A. was invented B. has invented C. invented 【答案】A 【详解】考查一般过去时被动语态。汽车是被发明出来的对象，且more than three centuries ago指示过去时态，用was invented。invented缺be动词、has invented主动语态且时态错误。 20．_________ small actions matter is something we should all understand. A. That B. Which C. What 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句that引导。从句"small actions matter"是完整的陈述句，用that引导主语从句表示这一事实。what需在从句中充当成分导致结构冗余、which暗示选择范围但此处无比较对象。 21．______ of the natural disasters in recent years have increased. A. Numbers B. A number C. The number 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致与近义词辨析。the number of...作主语谓语动词用单数has increased，表示"……的数量增加了"。a number of许多后接复数名词但谓语也用复数、numbers语法不规范。 22．By the time we arrived, the meeting ______ already ______. A. had been canceled B. has canceled C. was canceling 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。by the time+过去时，主句用过去完成时，且会议"被取消"用被动语态had been canceled。has canceled现在完成时、was canceling过去进行时均不符合"过去的过去"时序。 23．The government suggests that every citizen ______ part in environmental protection. A. took B. takes C. (should) take 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。suggest后的宾语从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。takes陈述语气、took过去时均不符合suggest的虚拟语气规则。 24．Only when we work together ______ it possible to protect our earth. A. is B. will be C. are 【答案】A 【详解】考查倒装句。only+时间/条件状语从句置于句首时，主句需部分倒装。此处主语为it（单数），助动词用is提前构成倒装。are复数、will be虽可倒装但时态不如一般现在时简洁自然。 25．It was not until the accident happened ______ they realized the importance of safety. A. when B. that C. before 【答案】B 【详解】考查强调句型not until...that。It is/was not until...that...是固定强调结构，强调时间状语从句。when和before都不能与此结构搭配构成强调句。 二、情景交际（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） （一）简短对话 从下列各题的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能回答或承接所给对话的最佳选项。 26．Speaker A: May I put this bottle into the recycling bin? Speaker B: ________. A. I am sorry. B. See you later. C. Sure, go ahead. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选C。 27．Speaker A: Shall we ride bikes to school tomorrow? Speaker B: ________. A. Good idea. B. Good luck. C. Not at all. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选A。 28．Speaker A: I am sorry I wasted so much paper. Speaker B: ________. A. Never mind. Save it next time. B. You are very welcome. C. Many thanks for your help. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选A。 29．Speaker A: Why do people use electric cars? Speaker B: ________. A. For two hours. B. At the bus stop. C. To reduce pollution. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选C。 30．Speaker A: What does sustainable development mean? Speaker B: ________. A. Using resources wisely. B. Opening the window. C. Buying new clothes. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选A。 31．Speaker A: Could you turn off the computer? Speaker B: ________. A. Of course. B. Good luck. C. It does not matter. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选A。 32．Speaker A: How can we make the air cleaner? Speaker B: ________. A. Read the story again. B. Eat more vegetables. C. Use public transport more. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选C。 33．Speaker A: Is the sandstorm over now? Speaker B: ________. A. Yes, at the library. B. Yes, the sky is clear. C. No, I like music. 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选B。 34．Speaker A: Would you like to join the green club? Speaker B: ________. A. Yes, three days. B. No, it is mine. C. Yes, I'd love to. 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选C。 35．Speaker A: Thank you for reminding me to save electricity. Speaker B: ________. A. I am afraid so. B. You are welcome. C. Good luck. 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景反应。根据对话语境，正确回应应能承接对方对话意图并符合交际场景，其他两项偏离话题或不合逻辑。故选B。 （二）补全对话 阅读下面的对话，从对话后所给的A—G七个选项中选出五个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sara: Hi, Li Ming. Why do you ride a bike today? Li Ming: 36. ______ Sara: Is it good for the air? Li Ming: 37. ______ Sara: What else can we do? Li Ming: 38. ______ Sara: Can small things help? Li Ming: 39. ______ Sara: Great. Shall we join the green club? Li Ming: 40. ______ Sara: Then let's sign up after class. A. We can save water. B. Yes, I'd love to. C. To reduce pollution. D. No, I hate clubs. E. Yes, it makes less smoke. F. Yes, every action matters. G. We should waste paper. 【答案】 36. C 37. E 38. A 39. F 40. B 【解析】 36．C 上文问为什么今天骑自行车，C项说明目的是减少污染，符合环保主题和why问句。A项是其他行动，E项回答空气问题。 37．E 上文问骑车是否对空气有好处，E项说明它产生更少烟尘，直接回应空气质量。C项是骑车目的，F项是总体观点。 38．A 上文问还可以做什么，A项提出节约用水这一具体做法，承接环保行动。D项拒绝社团，G项浪费纸张，均不合语境。 39．F 上文问小事是否有帮助，F项回答每个行动都重要，肯定小行动的意义。A项只是具体做法，B项是接受邀请。 40．B 上文问是否加入绿色社团，B项表示愿意，符合邀请应答。D项虽回答邀请但态度与下文“sign up”矛盾。 三、阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） 阅读下列两篇短文，根据短文内容从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 A It is true that these disasters are not actually all that natural. Some people do not pay enough attention to smog, and they do not know where the harmful gases come from. In fact, the gases from heavy industry and vehicles partly cause smog problems. These same gases also lead to acid rain, which damages forests, lakes and buildings. When they enter the atmosphere, they trap heat and contribute to global warming. Scientists warn that if we keep burning fossil fuels at the current rate, sea levels will rise and extreme weather events will become even more common. However, it is lucky that humans have realized the importance of environmental protection. We are promoting green energy, planting more trees and trying to stop global warming. People are encouraged to use electric cars and public transportation. Though we cannot prevent all disasters, we should make changes to protect our planet. 41．According to the writer, are all natural disasters truly natural? A. Yes, none involve human activities. B. No, some are caused by human activities. C. Only scientists know the answer. 42．What does the word "atmosphere" probably mean? A. The air around the earth. B. The water under the ground. C. The plants in a forest. 43．What might happen if we keep burning fossil fuels? A. All environmental problems disappear. B. Sea levels rise and extreme weather increases. C. The weather becomes perfect everywhere. 44．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Humans can prevent every disaster easily. B. Humans can still take action to reduce harm. C. No one cares about the environment. 45．What is the main idea of the passage? A. Electric cars cause acid rain. B. Natural disasters are always harmless. C. Human activities can worsen disasters, but changes help. 【答案】41．B 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．C 【导语】本文从“灾害并非全属自然”的观点切入，分析了工业和交通排放造成的雾霾、酸雨及全球变暖等连锁环境问题，同时介绍了绿色能源、植树、电动出行等积极应对措施，是一篇论证型环保说明文。 【详解】 41．细节理解题。原文“not actually all that natural”以及后面对人类活动的说明表明，部分灾害并非完全自然。 42．词义猜测题。根据“When they enter the atmosphere, they trap heat”可知，有害气体进入的是地球周围空气层，因此atmosphere指“大气”。 43．细节理解题。原文“sea levels will rise and extreme weather events will become even more common”明确说明后果。 44．推理判断题。末段列举绿色能源、植树、电动汽车和公共交通等措施，说明人类仍可采取行动减少危害。 45．主旨大意题。全文先说明部分灾害与人类活动有关，再提出环保行动，因此主旨是人为活动会加剧灾害但改变仍有帮助。 B Making a poster about environmental protection is a great way to raise awareness. Your poster should show both the problems and the solutions. Start with a catchy title like "Save Our Earth" or "Protect Our Planet". Then list the problems: natural disasters have been increasing, such as typhoons, floods, droughts and heat waves. Some of them are caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests. For example, air pollution from cars and factories leads to smog and health problems. Next, provide clear solutions that people can follow in daily life. You can suggest five simple actions: save electricity and water, reduce waste, use public transportation, plant trees and recycle materials. End with a powerful message like "Protecting our earth starts with you!" A well-designed poster with pictures and short sentences can help more people understand the urgency of environmental protection. 46．What is the purpose of making an environmental protection poster? A. To raise awareness about environmental issues. B. To sell products to customers. C. To advertise a new movie. 47．What does the word "catchy" probably mean? A. Very long and difficult. B. Quiet and unimportant. C. Easy to notice and remember. 48．What human activity is mentioned as a cause of disasters? A. Planting more trees and flowers. B. Burning fossil fuels and cutting forests. C. Using solar and wind energy. 49．What can we infer about a good poster? A. It should be clear and easy to follow. B. It should use only long paragraphs. C. It should avoid pictures and short sentences. 50．Which is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Natural Disasters B. How to Make an Environmental Protection Poster C. Why Posters Are Always Useless 【答案】46．A 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文围绕如何制作环保主题海报展开指导，涵盖标题设计、问题呈现、解决方案以及结尾号召等内容，说明了海报设计的要素与传播效果，是一篇实用指导类说明文。 【详解】 46．细节理解题。原文“a great way to raise awareness”说明制作环保海报的目的是提高环保意识。 47．词义猜测题。根据“Start with a catchy title like ‘Save Our Earth’”可知，标题应醒目、容易记住，catchy表示“吸引人的”。 48．细节理解题。原文“burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests”明确两种人为致灾行为。 49．推理判断题。文章强调标题醒目、问题与方案清楚、图片和短句有助理解，可推断好海报应清晰易懂。 50．主旨大意题。全文按标题、问题、解决方案、结尾号召和设计效果介绍环保海报制作方法，最佳标题应概括“如何制作环保海报”。 综合卷Ⅱ（25分） 四、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分） 51．The fact is that small actions matter.（英译汉） ______________________________ 【答案】事实是小行动也很重要。 【详解】考查翻译能力。本题需准确传达原句含义，注意关键词汇（如The fact is that sma...）的准确对应及目标语言的表达习惯。 52．It is reported that air pollution is getting worse.（英译汉） ______________________________ 【答案】据报道空气污染正在恶化。 【详解】考查翻译能力。本题需准确传达原句含义，注意关键词汇（如It is reported that ...）的准确对应及目标语言的表达习惯。 53．Sustainable development is the key to our future.（英译汉） ______________________________ 【答案】可持续发展是我们未来的关键。 【详解】考查翻译能力。本题需准确传达原句含义，注意关键词汇（如Sustainable developm...）的准确对应及目标语言的表达习惯。 54．到我们到达的时候，展览已经开始了。（by the time）（中译英） ______________________________ 【答案】By the time we arrived, the exhibition had already started. 【详解】考查翻译能力。本题需准确传达原句含义，注意关键词汇（如到我们到达的时候，展览已经开始了。（by...）的准确对应及目标语言的表达习惯。 55．直到事故发生他们才意识到安全的重要性。（not until）（中译英） ______________________________ 【答案】It was not until the accident happened that they realized the importance of safety. 【详解】考查翻译能力。本题需准确传达原句含义，注意关键词汇（如直到事故发生他们才意识到安全的重要性。（...）的准确对应及目标语言的表达习惯。 五、应用写作（满分10分） 56．假如你是李华，你校英语社团正在开展"环境保护周"活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇英文海报。 1. 近年自然灾害增多的现象（如台风、洪水、干旱）； 2. 人为原因分析（如燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林）； 3. 呼吁大家从身边小事做起（如节约用电、绿色出行、回收利用）。 注意：词数80左右。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Save Our Earth! Natural disasters have been increasing in recent years, such as typhoons, floods, droughts and heat waves. Some of them are caused by human activities — burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests lead to air pollution and climate change. What can we do? Here are five actions you can take: Save electricity and water every day. Use public transportation instead of private cars. Reduce waste and recycle materials. Plant more trees in your community. Say no to plastic bags and bottles. Protecting our earth starts with you. Let us act now! 【词汇积累】 natural disaster 自然灾害 / fossil fuel 化石燃料 / cut down 砍伐 / public transportation 公共交通 / recycle 回收利用 / take action 采取行动 【句式拓展】 海报采用"现象→原因→行动→号召"四段式结构，先摆事实再析原因后给方案，逻辑清晰且具有说服力。 【点睛】 用破折号插入补充说明使因果链条更清晰；Protecting our earth starts with you为经典号召句式，简洁有力且富有感染力。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $