Units1～2（语法综合练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit1~Unit2语法综合，通过多题型分层考查名词性从句、词汇辨析及固定搭配，逻辑递进培养语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|20题（含新情境/热点题）|结合语境考查语法（名词性从句）与词汇辨析|从基础语法规则到语境应用，构建“概念-辨析-应用”链条| |语法填空|20题（含时态/非谓语/从句）|侧重语法规则（时态、非谓语、从句引导词）的精准运用|语法点由单一到综合，强化“规则-变式-语用”逻辑| |完成句子|20题（含固定短语/从句）|考查固定搭配（如“负责”“订阅”）与句型结构（名词性从句）|从短语积累到句式构建，形成“词汇-句型-表达”层级| |语篇填空|2篇（含文化/科技主题）|综合语篇中语法（冠词、介词、时态）与语篇理解|语法知识在语篇中整合，体现“微观语法-宏观语篇”关联|

专题01 Unit1~Unit2（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、语法填空。 三、完成句子。 四、语篇填空。 一、单项选择。 1．【改编题】We used to get cute stationery as rewards for excellent exam grades. This was ______ I collected dozens of limited edition pens. A．how B．because C．what D．which 2．【新情境】The mountainous area hit by floods has become ________ after continuous heavy downpours. A．brief B．severe C．previous D．awkward 3．【原创题】To ______ a strong sense of belonging among students, the class teacher held weekly group activities. A．examine B．generate C．compose D．blame 4．【改编题】Your useful advice greatly ________ me of heavy pressure from daily study. A．assist B．tackle C．cast D．relieve 5．【最新热点】With more patients admitted to wards, the risk of__________ rises sharply in medical institutions. A．intention B．migration C．infection D．priority 6．The new rule will take effect as soon as it receives official ______ from the headmaster. A．access B．preference C．qualification D．approval 7．【原创题】_________ wins the school science speech contest will get a chance to visit the city science museum. A．No matter who B．Whoever C．Anyone D．Who 8．【改编题】It is widely acknowledged that food safety is an essential ________ closely related to students’ health at boarding schools. A．promotion B．profit C．issue D．qualification 9．【新情境】The sailor ________ against violent wind and waves, eyes fixed firmly on the distant lighthouse, eager to reach the safe shore before dark. A．struggled B．subscribed C．participated D．illustrated 10．【最新热点】________ so many teenagers take part in science volunteer activities comes from their admiration for outstanding scientists. A．That B．What C．This D．Which 11．【原创题】— Did the English teacher share key points for tomorrow’s exam? — He only made a passing ________ to writing tasks, reminding us to focus on reading skills. A．difference B．reference C．opposition D．adaptation 12． Whatever has a beginning has an end. Which of the following is the subject of the sentence? A．Whatever B．a beginning C．Whatever has a beginning D．an end 13．【新情境】______ we can finish the group research project ahead of schedule still remains unknown. A．Whether B．If C．That D．When 14．【原创题】______ we express our thoughts in communication sometimes matters more than the words we use. A．How B．That C．Which D．What 15．【最新热点】________ the young researcher achieved through constant efforts inspires countless middle school students. A．Whether B．Which C．What D．That 16．Mr White missed his flight because his taxi ______ on the way to the airport. A．broke outB．broke offC．broke upD．broke down 17．【新情境】The official statement was released specially ________ doubts raised by netizens about lab safety experiments. A．in memory of B．in touch with C．in response to D．in charge of 18．【原创题】He regretted the spare time ________ he wasted on short videos, and that was ________ he ought to focus on textbooks. A．when; when B．that; when C．when; that D．that; that 19． When introducing the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, the narrator will _________ to many classical historical records in the library to ensure the documentary’s content is accurate. A．object B．subscribe C．lie D．refer 20．【最新热点】Many people believe technology alone decides innovation. That’s ________ I hold different opinions. Practical experience also counts. A．what B．where C．why D．when 二、语法填空。 1． Though scientists have made ____________ (substance) advances in their research, further proof is still needed. 2．【改编题】So far, the volunteer team’s hard work ____________(transform) local rural agricultural products into popular online goods. 3．【原创题】 ____________(blame) for careless lab operation, the young researcher felt upset and lost focus on experiments. 4．【最新热点】Seeing the new scientist get severe punishment, his tutors were deeply ____________(frustrate). 5．【改编题】Which specific virus caused this round of ____________(infect) has not been confirmed yet. 6． He performed poorly in the exam again, which made him ____________(frustrate). 7．【原创题】Ancient printing techniques____________ (transform) the spread of knowledge worldwide hundreds of years ago. 8．【最新热点】One main reason is____________ preparing chemical experiment materials takes plenty of time. 9．【原创题】 left the deepest impression on us about Yuan Longping was his lifelong devotion to rice research. 10．【新情境】Perfect tourist resorts are ____________tired office workers can relax and appreciate natural scenery freely. 11．【改编题】The biggest advantage of online learning is____________ it breaks the limits of study space and time. 12．【最新热点】 ____________decides the final success of research is our joint efforts instead of personal ability alone. 13．【改编题】It is valuable____________ (participate) in community science popularization volunteer activities. 14．【新情境】____________ tries their best to offer rescue supplies during natural disasters deserves praise from all citizens. 15．【原创题】As an____________ (apply) for the science research scholarship, she prepared complete experimental records. 16．Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more____________ home in the UK. 17．【改编题】It remains to be seen ____________online experiment courses can satisfy students’ practical learning needs or not. 18．【新情境】As a highly____________ (motivate) science student, she spends eight hours doing experiments every single day. 19．【原创题】____________ we choose green energy or keep using fossil fuels will deeply affect the future ecological environment. 20．【最新热点】 ____________filled me with excitement was that I could accurately tell two similar strains of bacteria apart. 三、完成句子。 1．【改编题】As group leader of the science club, I was appointed to be ________________________ (负责) organizing all lab activities this week. 2．【新情境】One more round of lab tests and we will finish this research project ________ ________ ________ ________ (彻底地). 3．【原创题】To keep up with cutting-edge biology news, I ________ ________ (订阅) four academic journals last year. 4． To stay informed about global affairs, I ________ ________ (订阅) two digital magazines and a weekly newsletter two years ago. 5．【改编题】She failed the biology experiment test again and ________ (那是因为她忽视了标准实验操作规范). 6．【新情境】 ________________ (随着这项科研难题被攻克), researchers can carry out follow-up experiments smoothly. (with 复合结构) 7．【原创题】 The visiting scholar from Japan found it hard to ______ ______ ______ ______ (适应气候) in the tropical area during the first two months. 8． Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei ______ (感到更自如) in the UK. (根据汉语提示提示完成句子) 9．【最新热点】This research experience tells us that once we step out of our ________ ________(舒适圈), we can make major breakthroughs in experiments. 中取得重大突破。comfort zone 固定名词短语，舒适区。 10．【改编题】 After six months of intense lab training, the young researcher finally __________ __________ (适应了) the fast-paced scientific environment. 11．【新情境】________(强烈建议) that all experimental equipment be cleaned thoroughly after daily research. 12．【原创题】 The senior researcher ______ ______ ______ (致力于) the gene-editing experiment spent almost every weekend in the lab. 13．【最新热点】The scientist ________ (负责) the microbial lab reminded us to wear protective masks and gloves. 14．【改编题】If you __________ __________ (订购) the biology academic journal, it will be delivered to your dorm monthly. 15．【新情境】Small daily habits can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (对…… 有好的影响) your experimental data accuracy. 16．【原创题】This chemical element cannot ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (以…… 形式存在) liquid under normal atmospheric temperature. 17．【最新热点】 ________________ (最让我印象深刻的) was the scientists’ persistent spirit rather than their research achievements. (名词性从句) 18． After much thought, I decided to develop these skills and get the right __________ (资格) by studying art at university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 19．【原创题】________ (她是否熟练掌握这项新型实验技术) is still unknown to the whole research team. (主语从句) 20．【原创题】 The young scientist was determined to ________________________ (负责) the entire gene-editing project, despite the opposition from some senior researchers. 四、语篇填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1（25-26高一下·湖南邵阳·阶段检测） THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT China is famous for its ancient civilization 1 has lasted long into modern times. Among various reasons, the Chinese writing system stands out 2 a key factor. At first, written Chinese was picture-based. It dates back thousands of years when ancient people carved symbols on animal bones and shells. Quite a few old symbols remain visible in today’s Chinese characters, encouraging people 3 (explore) their historical roots. By the Shang Dynasty, people had 4 good supply of written symbols for daily use. Later, different 5 (form) appeared due to geographic separation, and dialects 6 characters became increasingly diverse. Once 7 (launch) nationwide, the standardized writing system helped unite the nation. It not only promoted cultural exchange but strengthened national identity, bringing 8 (relieve) to people who once struggled to communicate across regions. Even now, people across China can communicate easily through written Chinese no matter what dialects they use. Moreover, it links today’s world 9 (close) to ancient times. Modern people can read classic works and appreciate the wisdom of ancestors through this timeless writing system. Chinese calligraphy, as an art of characters, 10 (rich) Chinese cultural charm globally. Passage 2（25-26高二下·吉林松原·期末） China has successfully tested the world’s largest and most powerful flying wind turbine (涡轮机), 1 (mark) a new step in clean energy development. The airship-like machine, named S1500, is about the size of a basketball court and as tall as a 13-storey building. Between September 19 and 21, it 2 (official) became the first of its kind to produce one megawatt (兆瓦) of power during a test flight in the desert of Xinjiang. The test included putting the parts together in the desert, checking pressure, launching and landing in strong winds day and night. All goals have been reached, and the success is 3 important step towards real use. Researchers 4 (carry) out more tests in different parts of China, with mass production planned for the future. The first turbines are expected 5 (come) into operation in the same time. 6 traditional wind turbines fixed on tall towers, flying wind turbines float in the sky with the help of helium-filled shells. Strong wire ropes carry the electricity back to the ground, 7 allows them to catch steadier winds at greater heights. According to the company, material use can 8 (reduce) by about 40 percent and power costs by 30 percent. The S1500, relying on high power generation 9 (efficient) and low construction costs, has reduced its LCOE to 0.35 yuan per kWh, which makes clean energy more affordable and 10 (access) to the public. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Unit1~Unit2（语法综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、单项选择。 二、语法填空。 三、完成句子。 四、语篇填空。 一、单项选择。 1．【改编题】We used to get cute stationery as rewards for excellent exam grades. This was ______ I collected dozens of limited edition pens. A．how B．because C．what D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以前我们考试考得好就能领到精美文具作为奖励，这就是我收集到许多限定款钢笔的途径。This 指代前文获奖拿文具这件事，空格引导表语从句，在从句中作方式状语，表 “如何、…… 的方式”，用连接副词 how。 2．【新情境】The mountainous area hit by floods has become ________ after continuous heavy downpours. A．brief B．severe C．previous D．awkward 【答案】B 【详解】句意：连日暴雨过后，遭受洪水侵袭的山区形势变得十分严峻。A. brief 短暂的；B. severe 严峻的；C. previous 先前的；D. awkward 令人尴尬的。结合洪涝灾害语境，局势严峻选用 severe。 3．【原创题】To ______ a strong sense of belonging among students, the class teacher held weekly group activities. A．examine B．generate C．compose D．blame 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为在学生之间营造强烈的归属感，班主任每周组织集体活动。A. examine 检查；B. generate 营造、产生；C. compose 创作、组成；D. blame 责备。generate a sense of... 为固定搭配，表示营造某种感受。 4．【改编题】Your useful advice greatly ________ me of heavy pressure from daily study. A．assist B．tackle C．cast D．relieve 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：你的实用建议极大缓解了我日常学习带来的巨大压力。relieve sb. of sth. 是固定搭配，意为减轻某人的负担 / 压力；assist 帮助，tackle 处理，cast 投掷均不符合搭配。 5．【最新热点】With more patients admitted to wards, the risk of__________ rises sharply in medical institutions. A．intention B．migration C．infection D．priority 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着住院患者数量增多，医疗机构内交叉感染的风险大幅上升。A. intention 意图；B. migration 迁移；C. infection 感染；D. priority 优先事项。病人数量上涨对应感染风险升高，infection 符合语境。 6．The new rule will take effect as soon as it receives official ______ from the headmaster. A．access B．preference C．qualification D．approval 【答案】D 【详解】句意：新规则一经获得校长的官方批准就将生效。A. access 通道、使用权；B. preference 偏爱、偏好；C. qualification 资格、资质；D. approval 批准、认可。根据前文 “The new rule will take effect” 可知，规则生效需要得到校长官方的批准。 7．【原创题】_________ wins the school science speech contest will get a chance to visit the city science museum. A．No matter who B．Whoever C．Anyone D．Who 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论谁赢得校园科普演讲比赛，都能获得参观市科技馆的机会。A. No matter who 仅能引导让步状语从句，不可引导主语从句；B. Whoever 可引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语，相当于 anyone who；C. Anyone 无法引导从句；D. Who 表疑问，不符合句意。本句为主语从句，泛指任何人，选用 Whoever。 8．【改编题】It is widely acknowledged that food safety is an essential ________ closely related to students’ health at boarding schools. A．promotion B．profit C．issue D．qualification 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，在寄宿学校，食品安全是与学生身体健康紧密相关的重要议题。A. promotion 推广，晋升；B. profit 利润，收益；C. issue 问题，议题；D. qualification 资格，资质。issue 贴合 “公共健康相关议题” 的语境。 9．【新情境】The sailor ________ against violent wind and waves, eyes fixed firmly on the distant lighthouse, eager to reach the safe shore before dark. A．struggled B．subscribed C．participated D．illustrated 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：水手与狂风巨浪奋力抗争，目光紧紧锁定远处的灯塔，一心想在天黑前抵达安全海岸。struggle with 为固定搭配，意为与…… 抗争；subscribe 订阅，participate 参与，illustrate 说明均不符合海上遇险语境。 10．【最新热点】________ so many teenagers take part in science volunteer activities comes from their admiration for outstanding scientists. A．That B．What C．This D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：如此多青少年参与科普志愿活动，源于他们对优秀科学家的崇敬。空格引导主语从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，选用无实义、仅起连接作用的 that。 11．【原创题】— Did the English teacher share key points for tomorrow’s exam? — He only made a passing ________ to writing tasks, reminding us to focus on reading skills. A．difference B．reference C．opposition D．adaptation 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：—— 英语老师有没有分享明天考试的重点？—— 他只是顺带提了一下写作题型，提醒我们重点练习阅读。reference n. 提及；make a passing reference to 顺带提及，固定搭配。 12． Whatever has a beginning has an end. Which of the following is the subject of the sentence? A．Whatever B．a beginning C．Whatever has a beginning D．an end 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：凡事有始必有终。以下哪一项是这个句子的主语？Whatever has a beginning 为句子的主语，为主语从句。故选 C 项。 13．【新情境】______ we can finish the group research project ahead of schedule still remains unknown. A．Whether B．If C．That D．When 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们能否提前完成小组研究项目目前还不确定。空格位于句首引导主语从句，表 “是否” 只能用 whether，if 不能置于句首引导名词性从句。 14．【原创题】______ we express our thoughts in communication sometimes matters more than the words we use. A．How B．That C．Which D．What 【答案】A 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们沟通时表达想法的方式，有时比话语本身更加重要。主语从句主谓宾结构完整，引导词在从句中作方式状语，表 “…… 的方式” 选用 How。 15．【最新热点】________ the young researcher achieved through constant efforts inspires countless middle school students. A．Whether B．Which C．What D．That 【答案】C 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这位青年科研者凭借不懈努力取得的成就，激励着无数中学生。引导主语从句，同时在从句内作 achieved 的宾语，指代事物用 what。 16．Mr White missed his flight because his taxi ______ on the way to the airport. A．broke outB．broke offC．broke upD．broke down 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：怀特先生错过了他的航班，因为他的出租车在去机场的路上抛锚了。A. broke out（战争、火灾等）爆发；B. broke off 折断，中断（关系、谈话等）；C. broke up（使）破碎，（使）解散；D. broke down（机器、车辆等）出故障，抛锚。根据句中 “Mr White missed his flight” 可知，出租车出故障导致怀特先生错过航班。故选 D。 17．【新情境】The official statement was released specially ________ doubts raised by netizens about lab safety experiments. A．in memory of B．in touch with C．in response to D．in charge of 【答案】C 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这份官方声明专门发布，用来回应网友针对实验室安全实验提出的各类质疑。in response to 作为对…… 的回应；in memory of 纪念，in touch with 保持联系，in charge of 负责，均不符合语境。 18．【原创题】He regretted the spare time ________ he wasted on short videos, and that was ________ he ought to focus on textbooks. A．when; when B．that; when C．when; that D．that; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他后悔把课余时间浪费在短视频上，那些时间本该用来专心研读课本。第一空定语从句，先行词 the spare time 在从句作 wasted 宾语，用 that；第二空表语从句缺少时间状语，用 when 表 “…… 的时候”。 19． When introducing the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival, the narrator will _________ to many classical historical records in the library to ensure the documentary’s content is accurate. A．object B．subscribe C．lie D．refer 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在介绍端午节的起源时，讲述者会参考图书馆里的诸多经典史料，以确保纪录片内容准确无误。A. object 反对；B. subscribe 订阅；C. lie 躺，说谎；D. refer 参考，查阅。根据语境，“为确保内容准确” 而查阅史料，refer to 是固定搭配，意为 “参考；查阅”，符合句意。故选 D。 20．【最新热点】Many people believe technology alone decides innovation. That’s ________ I hold different opinions. Practical experience also counts. A．what B．where C．why D．when 【答案】B 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：很多人认为单凭技术就能实现创新，这正是我不认同的地方，实践经验同样至关重要。where 引导表语从句，抽象表示 “观点分歧的层面、地方”。 二、语法填空。 1． Though scientists have made ____________ (substance) advances in their research, further proof is still needed. 【答案】substantial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管科学家们已在研究中取得重大进展，但仍需进一步证实。此处应用形容词 substantial 作定语，修饰名词 advances，故填 substantial。 2．【改编题】So far, the volunteer team’s hard work ____________(transform) local rural agricultural products into popular online goods. 【答案】have transformed 【详解】句意：迄今为止，志愿者团队的辛勤努力已将当地的农产品成功转化为广受欢迎的网络商品。设空处为谓语，时间状语 So far 为现在完成时标志，主语 her efforts 为复数，助动词用 have。 3．【原创题】 ____________(blame) for careless lab operation, the young researcher felt upset and lost focus on experiments. 【答案】Blamed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这名青年研究员因实验操作粗心受到批评，情绪低落，无法专心开展实验。句中已有谓语动词，逻辑主语 the boy 与 blame 为被动关系，用过去分词作原因状语。 4．【最新热点】Seeing the new scientist get severe punishment, his tutors were deeply ____________(frustrate). 【答案】frustrated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到这名新晋科研人员受到严厉处分，他的导师们都十分沮丧。修饰人主观感受用 - ed 结尾形容词 frustrated，表示 “感到沮丧的”。 5．【改编题】Which specific virus caused this round of ____________(infect) has not been confirmed yet. 【答案】infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：引发本轮感染的具体病毒尚未得到确认。定冠词 the 后接名词，动词 infect 变形为名词 infection，意为 “感染”。 6． He performed poorly in the exam again, which made him ____________(frustrate). 【答案】frustrated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他考试又考得很差，这让他很沮丧。此处固定结构 “make + 宾语 + 宾补”，意为 “使某人处于某种状态”，此处为形容词作宾补，修饰人 him 的感受，应用形容词 frustrated，意为 “感到沮丧的”。故填 frustrated。 7．【原创题】Ancient printing techniques____________ (transform) the spread of knowledge worldwide hundreds of years ago. 【答案】transformed 【详解】考查时态。句意：数百年前，古老印刷术彻底改变了知识在全球范围的传播方式。时间状语 centuries ago 为一般过去时标志，动词使用过去式 transformed。 8．【最新热点】One main reason is____________ preparing chemical experiment materials takes plenty of time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一个主要原因是调配化学实验耗材需要耗费大量时间。that 引导表语从句，从句结构、句意完整，无实义仅起连接作用。 9．【原创题】 left the deepest impression on us about Yuan Longping was his lifelong devotion to rice research. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：袁隆平留给我们最深的印象，是他毕生投身水稻育种研究的坚守。空处引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，指代事物，用 What，句首大写。 10．【新情境】Perfect tourist resorts are ____________tired office workers can relax and appreciate natural scenery freely. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：理想的度假胜地，是疲惫的上班族可以自在放松、欣赏自然风光的地方。引导词在从句中作地点状语，表 “…… 的地方” 用 where。 11．【改编题】The biggest advantage of online learning is____________ it breaks the limits of study space and time. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：线上学习最大的优势是打破了学习的时空限制。从句成分完整，用 that 引导表语从句。 12．【最新热点】 ____________decides the final success of research is our joint efforts instead of personal ability alone. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：决定一项研究最终能否成功的是我们共同的努力，而非单一的个人能力。主语从句缺少主语，指代事情用 what，首字母大写。 13．【改编题】It is valuable____________ (participate) in community science popularization volunteer activities. 【答案】to participate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参与社区科普志愿活动是十分有意义的。句中 It 是形式主语，不定式 to do 作真正主语。 14．【新情境】____________ tries their best to offer rescue supplies during natural disasters deserves praise from all citizens. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：凡是在自然灾害中尽全力运送救援物资的人，都值得全体市民称赞。whoever 引导主语从句，表 “无论谁”，在从句中作主语，句首大写。 15．【原创题】As an____________ (apply) for the science research scholarship, she prepared complete experimental records. 【答案】applicant 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为科研奖学金申请者，她准备了完整的实验记录。不定冠词 an 后接指人名词 applicant，意为 “申请者”。 16．Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more____________ home in the UK. 【答案】at 【详解】考查介词。句意：现在，她的交流年已经过去了一半，谢蕾在英国感觉更自在了。feel at home“宾至如归，感到舒适、自在” 是固定搭配，符合语境。故填 at。 17．【改编题】It remains to be seen ____________online experiment courses can satisfy students’ practical learning needs or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：线上实验课程能否满足学生实操学习需求还有待观察。It 作形式主语，句末搭配 or not，只能用 whether 引导主语从句表 “是否”。 18．【新情境】As a highly____________ (motivate) science student, she spends eight hours doing experiments every single day. 【答案】motivated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名上进心极强的理科生，她每天花费八小时做实验。修饰人 student 用 - ed 形容词 motivated，意为积极上进的。 19．【原创题】____________ we choose green energy or keep using fossil fuels will deeply affect the future ecological environment. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们选择绿色能源还是持续使用化石燃料，将会深刻影响未来生态环境。whether...or... 固定结构，表 “无论…… 还是……”，引导主语从句置于句首大写。 20．【最新热点】 ____________filled me with excitement was that I could accurately tell two similar strains of bacteria apart. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让我无比激动的是，我可以精准区分两种相近的细菌菌株。主语从句缺少主语，指代整件事用 what，句首大写。 三、完成句子。 1．【改编题】As group leader of the science club, I was appointed to be ________________________ (负责) organizing all lab activities this week. 【答案】in charge of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：作为科学社团组长，我被指派负责组织本周所有实验室活动。be in charge of 固定搭配，意为主管、负责。 2．【新情境】One more round of lab tests and we will finish this research project ________ ________ ________ ________ (彻底地). 【答案】once and for all 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：再完成一轮实验检测，我们就能彻底完成这项研究项目。once and for all 固定短语，意为一劳永逸、彻底地。 3．【原创题】To keep up with cutting-edge biology news, I ________ ________ (订阅) four academic journals last year. 【答案】subscribed to 【详解】考查动词短语与时态。句意：为跟进前沿生物领域资讯，我去年订阅了四本学术期刊。subscribe to 订阅；时间状语 last year 为过去时，动词变为 subscribed。 4． To stay informed about global affairs, I ________ ________ (订阅) two digital magazines and a weekly newsletter two years ago. 【答案】subscribed to 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：为了了解全球时事，两年前我订阅了两本电子杂志和一份每周时事通讯。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语 subscribe to “订阅”，满足句意要求，结合题干中 “two years ago”（两年前）是一般过去时的明确标志，故 “subscribe” 需用过去式 “subscribed”，完整短语为 “subscribed to”。 5．【改编题】She failed the biology experiment test again and ________ (那是因为她忽视了标准实验操作规范). 【答案】it was because she ignored experimental rules 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：她生物实验测试再次失利，那是因为她忽视了标准实验操作规范。it was because 引导表语从句，描述过去动作用一般过去时。 6．【新情境】 ________________ (随着这项科研难题被攻克), researchers can carry out follow-up experiments smoothly. (with 复合结构) 【答案】With the problem solved 【详解】考查 with 复合结构。句意：随着这项科研难题被攻克，研究人员可以顺利开展后续实验。with + 宾语 + 过去分词，problem 和 solve 为被动关系，用 solved。 7．【原创题】 The visiting scholar from Japan found it hard to ______ ______ ______ ______ (适应气候) in the tropical area during the first two months. 【答案】get used to the climate / adapt to the climate 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：来自日本的访问学者头两个月发现很难适应热带地区的气候。get used to 表示“习惯于”，adapt to 表示“适应”；climate 为“气候”。found it hard to 后接动词原形。 8． Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei ______ (感到更自如) in the UK. (根据汉语提示提示完成句子) 【答案】feels more at home 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：现在，她的交流年已经过去了一半，谢蕾在英国感觉更自在了。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词短语 feel more at home，本句描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语为 Xie Lei，谓语用第三人称单数形式。 9．【最新热点】This research experience tells us that once we step out of our ________ ________(舒适圈), we can make major breakthroughs in experiments. 【答案】comfort zone 【详解】考查名词短语。句意：这段科研经历告诉我们，只要走出舒适圈，我们就能在实验中取得重大突破。comfort zone 固定名词短语，舒适区。 10．【改编题】 After six months of intense lab training, the young researcher finally __________ __________ (适应了) the fast-paced scientific environment. 【答案】adapted to / got used to 【详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：经过六个月高强度的实验室培训，这位年轻研究员终于适应了快节奏的科研环境。adapt to 表示“适应（新环境）”，get used to 也表示“习惯于”，均符合语境；根据前文“六个月高强度培训”及语境可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。 11．【新情境】________(强烈建议) that all experimental equipment be cleaned thoroughly after daily research. 【答案】It is strongly recommended 【详解】考查形式主语主语从句。句意：强烈建议每日科研结束后，所有实验设备都彻底清洗。it 作形式主语，that 引导真正主语从句，recommend 表建议，被动语态。 12．【原创题】 The senior researcher ______ ______ ______ (致力于) the gene-editing experiment spent almost every weekend in the lab. 【答案】 devoted to / committed to 【详解】考查非谓语动词短语。句意：致力于基因编辑实验的那位高级研究员几乎每个周末都在实验室度过。devoted to 或 committed to 作后置定语修饰 the senior researcher，表示“致力于……的”；to 为介词，后接名词/动名词。 13．【最新热点】The scientist ________ (负责) the microbial lab reminded us to wear protective masks and gloves. 【答案】in charge of 【详解】考查后置定语短语。句意：微生物实验室负责人提醒我们佩戴防护口罩和手套。in charge of 作后置定语修饰 the scientist。 14．【改编题】If you __________ __________ (订购) the biology academic journal, it will be delivered to your dorm monthly. 【答案】subscribe to 【详解】考查动词短语、主将从现。句意：如果你订阅这本生物学术期刊，每月都会送到宿舍。if 条件句遵循主将从现，主语 you 后动词用原形 subscribe to。 15．【新情境】Small daily habits can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (对…… 有好的影响) your experimental data accuracy. 【答案】have a good impact on 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：日常微小习惯能对你的实验数据精准度产生积极影响。have a good impact on 对…… 产生良好影响，不定式后动词原形。 16．【原创题】This chemical element cannot ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (以…… 形式存在) liquid under normal atmospheric temperature. 【答案】exist in the form of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：常温常压下，这种化学元素无法以液态形式存在。exist in the form of 固定搭配，情态动词 cannot 后用动词原形 exist。 17．【最新热点】 ________________ (最让我印象深刻的) was the scientists’ persistent spirit rather than their research achievements. (名词性从句) 【答案】What impressed me most 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：给我留下最深印象的不是科研成果，而是科学家们坚持不懈的精神。what 引导主语从句，从句缺主语，后文 was 提示一般过去时，句首大写。 18． After much thought, I decided to develop these skills and get the right __________ (资格) by studying art at university. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】qualification 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过深思熟虑，我决定培养这些技能，并通过在大学学习艺术获得合适的资格。此处需要名词作 get 的表语，被形容词 right 修饰。“资格” 可使用名词 “qualification” 表达 “通过考试或学习课程取得的资格”。 19．【原创题】________ (她是否熟练掌握这项新型实验技术) is still unknown to the whole research team. (主语从句) 【答案】Whether she masters this new experimental technology 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她是否熟练掌握这项新型实验技术，整个研究小组还不清楚。whether 引导主语从句表 “是否”，置于句首大写；主语 she 为三单，一般现在时用 masters。 20．【原创题】 The young scientist was determined to ________________________ (负责) the entire gene-editing project, despite the opposition from some senior researchers. 【答案】take charge of / be in charge of 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这位年轻的科学家决心负责整个基因编辑项目，尽管遭到一些资深研究人员的反对。take charge of 表示“接管、负责”，强调动作；be in charge of 表示“负责”，强调状态。此处不定式 to 后接动词原形，故可填 take charge of；若填 be in charge of 则构成不定式 to be，同样正确。 四、语篇填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1（25-26高一下·湖南邵阳·阶段检测） THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT China is famous for its ancient civilization 1 has lasted long into modern times. Among various reasons, the Chinese writing system stands out 2 a key factor. At first, written Chinese was picture-based. It dates back thousands of years when ancient people carved symbols on animal bones and shells. Quite a few old symbols remain visible in today’s Chinese characters, encouraging people 3 (explore) their historical roots. By the Shang Dynasty, people had 4 good supply of written symbols for daily use. Later, different 5 (form) appeared due to geographic separation, and dialects 6 characters became increasingly diverse. Once 7 (launch) nationwide, the standardized writing system helped unite the nation. It not only promoted cultural exchange but strengthened national identity, bringing 8 (relieve) to people who once struggled to communicate across regions. Even now, people across China can communicate easily through written Chinese no matter what dialects they use. Moreover, it links today’s world 9 (close) to ancient times. Modern people can read classic works and appreciate the wisdom of ancestors through this timeless writing system. Chinese calligraphy, as an art of characters, 10 (rich) Chinese cultural charm globally. 【答案】 1．that/which 2．as 3．to explore 4．a 5．forms 6．and 7．launched 8．relief 9．closely 10．enriches/has enriched 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国文字系统的起源、发展历程及其在联结古今、凝聚民族、促进文化交流等方面的重要作用。 【详解】1．考查定语从句。句意：中国因其延续至现代的古老文明而闻名。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是ancient civilization（事物），从句缺少主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。 2．考查介词。句意：在众多原因中，中国文字系统作为一个关键因素尤为突出。固定搭配stand out as“作为……脱颖而出、尤为突出”。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：相当多的古老符号在如今的汉字中依然可见，鼓励人们探索它们的历史根源。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”，此处需用动词不定式。 4．考查冠词。句意：到了商朝，人们拥有了充足的日常使用的文字符号储备。固定搭配a good supply of“充足的……供应”，good以辅音音素开头，因此用a。 5．考查名词复数。句意：后来，由于地域隔绝，不同的形式出现，方言和文字变得越来越多样。form“形式”为可数名词，空前有different修饰，需用复数形式。 6．考查并列连词。句意：后来，由于地域隔绝，不同的形式出现，方言和文字变得越来越多样。dialects“方言”与characters“文字”为并列名词，作句子主语，需用and连接。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：标准化的文字系统一经全国推行，就帮助团结了整个国家。once引导状语从句，此处为状语从句的省略，完整的从句为once the standardized writing system was launched，省略和主句一致的主语the standardized writing system和be动词was，保留过去分词launched。 8．考查名词。句意：它不仅促进了文化交流，还增强了民族认同感，为曾经难以跨地域交流的人们带来了慰藉。作动词bring的宾语，提示词的名词形式relief“慰藉”符合，不可数。 9．考查副词。句意：此外，它将当今世界与古代紧密地联系在一起。此处修饰动词links，需用副词形式。close的副词为closely。 10．考查时态及主谓一致。句意：汉字书法作为一种文字艺术，在全球范围内丰富着中国的文化魅力。本句缺少谓语动词，此处可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，也可看作过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。主语Chinese calligraphy为单数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 Passage 2（25-26高二下·吉林松原·期末） China has successfully tested the world’s largest and most powerful flying wind turbine (涡轮机), 1 (mark) a new step in clean energy development. The airship-like machine, named S1500, is about the size of a basketball court and as tall as a 13-storey building. Between September 19 and 21, it 2 (official) became the first of its kind to produce one megawatt (兆瓦) of power during a test flight in the desert of Xinjiang. The test included putting the parts together in the desert, checking pressure, launching and landing in strong winds day and night. All goals have been reached, and the success is 3 important step towards real use. Researchers 4 (carry) out more tests in different parts of China, with mass production planned for the future. The first turbines are expected 5 (come) into operation in the same time. 6 traditional wind turbines fixed on tall towers, flying wind turbines float in the sky with the help of helium-filled shells. Strong wire ropes carry the electricity back to the ground, 7 allows them to catch steadier winds at greater heights. According to the company, material use can 8 (reduce) by about 40 percent and power costs by 30 percent. The S1500, relying on high power generation 9 (efficient) and low construction costs, has reduced its LCOE to 0.35 yuan per kWh, which makes clean energy more affordable and 10 (access) to the public. 【答案】 1．marking 2．officially 3．an 4．will carry 5．to come 6．Unlike 7．which 8．be reduced 9．efficiency 10．accessible 【导语】主要介绍中国成功测试全球最大、性能最强的浮空风力涡轮机，介绍其测试情况、技术优势、节能成本优势及推广清洁能源的意义。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国成功测试了世界上最大、性能最强的浮空风力涡轮机，标志着清洁能源发展迈出了新的一步。此处为非谓语动词作状语，mark与前面整件事的逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词marking作状语。 2．考查副词。句意：在9月19日至21日期间，它在新疆沙漠的一次试飞中正式成为同类设备中首个能够产生一兆瓦电力的设备。此处修饰动词became，需要副词作状语，official对应的副词officially，意为“正式地”。 3．考查冠词。句意：所有目标均已达成，此次成功是迈向实际应用的重要一步。step为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“重要的一步”，为泛指，且important是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。 4．考查动词时态。句意：研究人员将在中国不同地区开展更多测试，并计划在未来实现量产。此处为谓语动词，根据后文planned for the future可知，动作发生在将来，要用一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will carry。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：首批涡轮机预计将同期投入使用。此处为固定搭配be expected to do sth.，意为“预计做某事”，所以用动词不定式to come。 6．考查介词。句意：不同于固定在高塔上的传统风力涡轮机，浮空风力涡轮机借助充氦气囊漂浮在空中。结合句意，此处表示“与……不同”，所以用介词unlike，位于句首，首字母大写。 7．考查定语从句。句意：坚固的钢丝绳将电力输送回地面，这使得它们能够在更高的高度捕获更稳定的风力。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词指代前文整件事，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。 8．考查动词语态。句意：据该公司称，材料使用量可减少约百分之四十，电力成本可降低百分之三十。此空位于情态动词之后，主语material use与reduce之间为被动关系，所以此处为含有情态动词的被动语态，所以此处为be reduced。 9．考查名词。句意：S1500依靠高发电效率和低建造成本，将其平准化度电成本降至每千瓦时0.35元，这使得清洁能源更加实惠、更便于大众使用。空前形容词power generation修饰名词，此处需要名词，efficient对应的名词efficiency，意为“效率”。 10．考查形容词。句意同上。此处与形容词affordable并列作宾语补足语，需要形容词，access对应的形容词accessible，意为“可使用的”。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $