专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》

2026-08-19
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【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考) 《英语一轮讲练测》 专题1 冠词和代词 复习讲义 目录 01 考情解码·命题预警 02 体系构建·思维可视 03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 考点1 冠词 即时训练 考点2 代词 即时训练 04 真题溯源·考向感知 一、冠词 重点 分析 总体定位 考频:每年1–3 题,单选必考,送分 + 易混题 难度:基础偏易,最高级 / 特指 / 球类乐器 / 固定搭配是核心 命题趋势:不考偏难用法,只考基础规则 冠词命题预警(2026 必考方向) 必考题组合 the + 形容词最高级 / 序数词球类 / 三餐 / 学科不加 the 乐器前加 the 必考陷阱 最高级必须加 the,不能漏初次提到用a/an, 再次提到用thea/an 看发音不看字母:an hour, a university 冠词 核心考点(每年 1~3 题) 必背规则(90% 考这些) 最高级 / 序数词前必须加 the the warmest, the first, the best 世界上独一无二的事物加 the the sun, the moon, the earth 乐器前加 the,球类 / 棋类 / 三餐不加 play the piano;play football / have breakfast 泛指用 a/an,特指用 the 第一次提到 → a/an;再次提到 → the 固定搭配零冠词 by bus, by bike, on foot, go to school a /an 怎么选(必考陷阱)看发音,不看字母! 元音音素开头 → an an hour, an honest boy, an 11-year-old boy 辅音音素开头 → a a university, a useful book 命题套路(一眼看出答案) 题目出现 best / most / first → 直接填 the 题目出现 play + 球类 → 不填 题目出现 play + 乐器 → 填 the 题目出现 泛指一个 → 填 a/an 二、代词 重点 分析 总体定位 考频:每年2–5 题,单选重灾区,难度中等 核心板块:物主代词、不定代词、it 形式宾语、定语从句关系代词 命题趋势:辨析 + 语境 + 固定结构三合一 答题模板 后面有名词 → 形容词性物主代词 后面没名词 → 名词性物主代词 形容词修饰不定代词 → 后置 形式主语 / 宾语 → it 所属关系 → whose 代词命题预警(2026 必考方向) 1.必考点清单 (1)物主代词(高频)形容词性:my /your/his /her → 后面必须加名词 名词性:mine /yours/his /hers → 后面不加名词 例:This is my book. = This book is mine. (2)不定代词(每年必考 ) 1.something/anything/nothing肯定句 → something 否定 / 疑问 → anything 形容词必须后置:something important 2.few / a few / little / a little 可数 → few(几乎没有)/a few(有几个)不可数 → little(几乎没有)/a little(有一点) 3.both / either / neitherboth 两者都(复数) either 两者任一(单数)neither 两者都不(单数) (3)it 用法(必考)形式主语 It is important to do…形式宾语 I find it easy to learn English. (4)whose 关系代词(必考)定语从句表所属,“…… 的” The girl whose father is a doctor… 考点模块 核心复习内容 例句 / 规则说明 不定冠词 a/an 1.泛指 “一个”a/an 选择: 2.看发音不看字母 3. 常见易错发音词 a university / a useful bookan hour / an honest boyan 11-year-old boy 定冠词 the 1.特指双方都知道的事物 2.世界上独一无二的事物. 3.形容词 / 副词最高级、序数词前 4. 江河、山脉、复数国家前 5. 乐器前 the sun / the moon the best student / the first day the Yellow River / the United States play the piano 一、冠词 1.复习知识点清单 零冠词(/) 1.球类、棋类运动前 2. 三餐、学科、语言前 3. by + 交通工具 4. 固定搭配 / 习惯表达 play basketball / play chess have breakfast / study English by bus / on foot go to school / at home 必考规则对比 乐器 vs 球类 序数词 vs 基数词 特指 vs 泛指 play the violin ✅ / play football ✅t the second floor ✅ / two books ✅I I have a pen. The pen is blue. 高频固定搭配 常考短语中的冠词 have a good time / a lot of in the morning / on the weekend at night / in danger 易错 陷阱 1.漏加 the(最高级 / 序数词) 2. 错用 a/an(看字母不看发音) 3. 多加 the(球类 / 三餐) (×) tallest boy → (√) the tallest boy (×) a hour → (√)an hour (×)play the basketball → (√)play basketball 2.核心突破清单 核心考点 攻坚重点(必背) 命题靶向(怎么考) 易错预警 1. 定冠词 the ① 最高级 / 序数词前必须加:the best, the first ② 乐器前加:play the piano ③ 独一无二事物:the sun, the earth ④ 江河 / 山脉 / 复数国家:the Yellow River 单选:____ tallest student 直接选 the;play ____ piano 选 the 最高级漏加 the;球类和乐器搞混 2. 不定冠词 a/an ① 泛指 “一个”,看发音不看字母 ② 元音音素开头用 an:an hour, an honest boy ③ 辅音音素开头用 a:a university, a useful book 单选:____ hour 选 an;____ useful book 选 a 把 hour 错看成辅音开头,用了 a 2. 不定冠词 a/an ① 泛指 “一个”,看发音不看字母 ② 元音音素开头用 an:an hour, an honest boy ③ 辅音音素开头用 a:a university, a useful book 单选:____ hour 选 an;____ useful book 选 a 把 hour 错看成辅音开头,用了 a 3. 零冠词(/) ① 球类 / 三餐 / 学科前不加:play basketball, have breakfast ② by + 交通工具 不加:by bus, on foot ③ 固定搭配:go to school, at home 单选:play ____ basketball 不填;by ____ bike 不填 球类前多加 the,如 play the football 4. 三大必考对比 ① 乐器 vs 球类: play the piano ✅ / play football ✅ ② 特指 vs 泛指: I have a pen. The pen is blue. ③ 序数词 vs 基数词: the second floor ✅ / two books ✅ 单选同时考两种用法,制造混淆 特指时忘记用 the,泛指时乱用 the 【即时训练】1.This is ______ best film I have ever seen.A. a B. an C. the D. / 2.He wants to buy ______ English-Chinese dictionary.A. a B. an C. the D. / 3.We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00, and then go to ______ school.A. /; / B. the; the C. a; the D. /; the 【答案】C【解析】考查点:定冠词用法。句意:这是我看过最好的电影。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the。 【答案】B 【解析】考查点:不定冠词用法。句意:他想买一本英汉词典,单词以元音音素开头,表泛指“一本”,用an. 【答案】A 【解析】考查点:零冠词用法。句意:我们通常起点吃早饭,然后去上学。三餐以及go to school 为固定搭配,其前均不加冠词。 4.She is playing ______ piano beautifully, while her brother likes playing ______ basketball.A. the; the B. /; / C. the; / D. /; the 5.______ sun rises in the east, and ______ moon goes around the earth.A. A; a B. An; an C. The; the D. /; / 4.【答案】C【解析】考查点:冠词辨析。句意:她钢琴弹得很好,而她弟弟喜欢打篮球。乐器类名词前加 the,球类运动名词前不加冠词。 5.【答案】C【解析】考查点:定冠词用法。句意:太阳在东方升起,月亮绕着地球转动。sun、moon 属于世界上独一无二的事物,前面要用 the。 6.I go to school by ______ bike every day, but my sister goes by ______ bus.A. the; the B. /; / C. a; a D. /; the 7.He is ______ honest boy, and he is ______ helpful student in our class.A. a; a B. an; a C. the; the D. /; / 6.【答案】B【解析】考查点:零冠词用法。句意:我每天骑自行车上学,我妹妹坐公交车上学。by + 交通工具为固定结构,交通工具名词前不加冠词。 7.【答案】B【解析】考查点:不定冠词用法。句意:他是一个诚实的男孩,也是我们班里一名乐于助人的学生。honest 以元音音素开头用 an,helpful 以辅音音素开头用 a,两处均表泛指。 8.______ Yellow River is the second longest river in China, and it is ______ important river for Chinese people.A. The; an B. /; an C. The; a D. /; the 9.After ______ supper, I often take a walk in ______ park near my home.A. the; the B. /; the C. /; / D. the; / 10.Tom is ______ 11-year-old boy, and he wants to be ______ doctor in the future.A. a; a B. an; a C. the; the D. /; / 8.【答案】A【解析】考查点:冠词辨析。句意:黄河是中国第二长河,对中国人来说它是一条重要的河流。江河名称前加 the;important 以元音音素开头,表泛指用 an。 9.【答案】B 【解析】考查点:冠词辨析。句意:晚饭后,我经常在家附近的公园里散步。三餐前不加冠词;特指家附近的公园,名词前加 the。 10.【答案】B【解析】考查点:不定冠词用法。句意:汤姆是一个 11 岁的男孩,他将来想成为一名医生。11-year-old 以元音音素开头用 an,表职业的名词前表泛指用 a。 二、代词 1.复习知识点清单 考点模块 核心复习内容 例句 / 规则说明 物主代词 1.形容词性物主代词(后接名词)2. 名词性物主代词(单独使用) 3. 人称代词主格 / 宾格 my book / her penThe book is mine. / This is hers.I love her. / She likes it. 不定代词 1.some/any/anything/nothing 2.few/a few / little/a little 3. both/either/neither 4. 形容词修饰不定代词后置 Would you like some tea? something interesting / nothing important few friends(几乎没有)/a few books(有几本) neither of the answers is right(都不对) 关系代词(定语从句) 1.who/whom(指人)2. which(指物)3. that(人 / 物)4. whose(表所属) The girl who is talking is my friend. This is the book which I bought. the student that won the prize The boy whose father is a doctor… it 的特殊用法 1.形式主语:It is + adj. + to do 2.形式宾语:find it + adj. + to do 2.指代前文事物 4. 强调句:It is/was…that… It is easy to learn English. I find it hard to finish the work. I bought a pen. It is red. It is you that helped me. 易错陷阱 1.形容词性 / 名词性物主代词混用 2. 不定代词形容词前置错误 3. neither/either 谓语动词单数 4. some/any 在请求句中的用法 (×) The book is my. → (√) The book is mine. (×) interesting something → (√) something interesting Neither of them likes coffee. Could you give me some water? 高频句型 / 搭配 1.It takes sb. time to do… 2.help oneself to… 3. each other / one another It takes me 20 minutes to go to school. Help yourself to some fish. They help each other. 2.代词 核心突破清单 核心考点 攻坚重点(必背) 命题靶向(怎么考) 易错预警 1. 物主代词辨析 ① 形容词性(后必须加名词):my book, her pen ② 名词性(单独用,= 形物 + 名词):The book is mine. 单选:This is ____ book. 选 my; The book is ____. 选 mine 把名词性物主代词后面加名词,或形物单独用 2. 不定代词高频组 ① something/anything/nothing: 肯定句用 something, 否定 / 疑问用 anything ② few/a few / little/a little: few/little 表否定,a few/a little 表肯定 ③ both/either/neither:neither/either 后谓语用单数 单选:I have ____ friends. I feel lonely. 选 few;Would you like ____ tea? 选 some 形容词修饰不定代词时前置,如 interesting something(错),应为 something interesting 3. 关系代词 whose 定语从句表 “所属”,修饰名词:The girl whose mother is a teacher... 单选:考 who/which/whose 辨析,看到 “谁的” 就选 whose 混淆 who 和 whose,不知道 whose 表所属 4. it 的三大必考用法 ① 形式主语:It is + adj. + to do sth. ② 形式宾语:find it + adj. + to do sth. ③ 强调句:It is/was...that... 单选:I find ____ hard to learn English. 选 it; ____ is easy to learn English. 选 It 把形式宾语 it 换成 that,或形式主语漏掉 It 即时训练1.This book isn’t mine. It’s ______.A. her B. hers C. she D. she's 2.There is ______ wrong with my computer.A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 1.【答案】B【解析】考查点:名词性物主代词。空后无名词,需用名词性物主代词hers(她的)。her 是形容词性物主代词,后必须接名词。 2.【答案】A【解析】考查点:不定代词。肯定句固定搭配 There is something wrong with… 表示 “…… 出故障了”。 3.______ is difficult if you put your heart into it. ______ can stop you.A. Anything; Nothing B. Nothing; NothingC. Everything; Something D. Something; Everything 4.The girl ______ mother is a teacher is my best friend.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 3.【答案】B【解析】考查点:不定代词。句意:世上无难事,只怕有心人。两空均用nothing(没有什么)。 4.【答案】C考查点:关系代词。whose 表所属 “…… 的”,修饰名词 mother,其余代词无此用法。 5.I found ______ easy to learn English well.A. this B. that C. it D. one 6.He has ______ friends, so he feels lonely. He has ______ time to play with others.A. few; little B. a few; a little C. few; a little D. a few; little 7.—Would you like ______ coffee?—Yes, please.A. any B. some C. many D. few 5.【答案】C考查点:it 作形式宾语。固定结构 find it + 形容词 + to do sth.,it 为形式宾语。 6.【答案】A【解析】考查点:few/little 用法。few 修饰可数名词,表否定 “几乎没有”;little 修饰不可数名词,表否定 “几乎没有”。由 lonely(孤独的)可知两空均表否定。 7.【答案】B【解析】考查点:some/any 辨析。表示委婉请求、建议的疑问句中,用some不用 any。 8.______ of the two answers is right. So ______ of us knows the correct answer.A. Neither; none B. Either; all C. Neither; all D. Either; none 9.The book is ______. I wrote my name on ______ cover.A. my; its B. mine; its C. mine; it D. my; it's 10.I don’t like this shirt. Can you show me ______ one? And I also want ______ new socks.A. another; some B. other; any C. another; any D. other; some 8.【答案】A【解析】考查点:不定代词。neither 两者都不;none 三者及以上都不。句意:两个答案都不对,所以我们没人知道正确答案。 9.【答案】B【解析】考查点:物主代词。第一空后无名词,用名词性物主代词mine;第二空修饰名词 cover,用形容词性物主代词its(它的)。 10.【答案】A【解析】考查点:不定代词。another 泛指三者及以上中的 “另一个”;肯定句中表示 “一些” 用 some。 一、冠词1.(2025年黑龙江省中等职业学校春季高考专业对口升学考试招生第19题)______ more words and idioms you know, ______ easier English becomes.A.The; the B. The; an C. /; the D. /; an2.(黑龙江省2024年职业教育春季高考第1题)Today is ______ warmest day of ______ month.A. the; the B. the;/ C. a;/ D. a; a3.(2023年黑龙江省中等职业学校毕业生专业对口升学考试招生第3题)We usually play ______ piano for half an hour before having ______ breakfast.A. the; the B. the;/ C. /;/ D. /; the 1.【答案】A【解析】考查点:固定句型。句意:你知道的单词和习语越多,英语就变得越简单。The + 比较级,the + 比较级 表示 “越……,越……”,两空都必须填 the。 2.【答案】A【解析】考查点:定冠词用法。句意:今天是这个月最热的一天。形容词最高级前加the;特指 “这个月” 用the。 3【答案】B【解析】考查点:冠词辨析。句意:我们早饭前弹半小时钢琴。乐器前加the;三餐前用零冠词。 二、代词1.(2025年黑龙江省中等职业学校春季高考专业对口升学考试招生第1题)I still have ______ bottles of water in my room.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few2.(2025年黑龙江省中等职业学校春季高考专业对口升学考试招生第27题)He found ______ no good telling her the truth.A. that B. this C. those D. it3.(黑龙江省2024年职业教育春季高考第2题)It is not your computer but ______.A. her B. him C. ours D. us 1.【答案】D【解析】考查点:不定代词。句意:我房间里还有几瓶水。bottles 可数复数;a few表肯定 “有一些”。 2.【答案】D【解析】考查点:it 作形式宾语。句意:他发现告诉她真相没有好处。固定结构:find it + 形容词 + doing。 3.【答案】C【解析】考查点:名词性物主代词。句意:这不是你的电脑,而是我们的。ours=our computer。 4.(黑龙江省2024年职业教育春季高考第11题)There is ______ in his new book.A. interesting something B. something interestingC. interesting anything D. anything interesting 5.(黑龙江省2024年职业教育春季高考第16题)I prefer the food in your college to ______ in our college.A. that B. those C. one D. it 4.【答案】B【解析】考查点:不定代词。句意:他的新书里有有趣的内容。形容词修饰不定代词后置。 5.【答案】A【解析】考查点:代词指代。句意:我更喜欢你们学院的食物。that指代不可数名词the food。 6.(黑龙江省2024年职业教育春季高考第38题)Teachers consider ______ necessary for students to learn how to solve problems.A. it B. this C. that D. what 7.(2023年黑龙江省中等职业学校毕业生专业对口升学考试招生第1题)This is not my book but ______.A. his B. her C. your D. our 6.【答案】A【解析】考查点:it 作形式宾语。固定结构:consider it + adj. + to do。 7【答案】A【解析】考查点:名词性物主代词。句意:这不是我的书,而是他的。his=his book。 8.(2023年黑龙江省中等职业学校毕业生专业对口升学考试招生第28题)There is ______ in his report.A. important something B. something importantC. important anything D. anything interesting 9.(2023年黑龙江省中等职业学校毕业生专业对口升学考试招生第30题)The parks in our city look bigger than ______ in your city.A. that B. those C. this D. they 8.【答案】B【解析】考查点:不定代词。形容词后置,肯定句用something。 9.【答案】B【解析】考查点:代词指代。those指代复数名词the parks。 三、考向总感知冠词:必考the + 最高级 / 乐器、零冠词 + 三餐 / 球类、a/an 看发音三大考点。 代词:必考物主代词(名物代 / 形物代)、不定代词后置、it 作形式宾语 / 主语、that/those 指代。 The End $

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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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专题1 冠词、代词(课件)-【2027版】黑龙江省(春季高考)《英语一轮讲练测》
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