3.4 Sports Are Good For You（Grammar）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 该练习针对中职英语语法（动名词、定语从句），采用“课前预习-课堂检测”分层设计，通过概念填空、单选及翻译构建从基础记忆到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，适配课前预习与课中检测需求，助力语言能力与学习能力培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课前预习|动名词（构成、功能等6考点）、定语从句（概念、关系词等7考点）|以填空题型强化基础概念记忆，聚焦语法规则梳理| |课堂检测|定语从句关系代词/副词辨析、语法结构语篇应用|单选考查语法规则应用，翻译实现单句到语篇的综合能力提升，难度梯度从单一规则到语境运用递进|

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共35练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You（Grammar）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You 一课一练（15） Grammar 【课前预习】 一、动名词 1. 基本概念 动名词由 “________” 构成，兼具________和________的词性特征。 2. 句法功能 可在句中充当________、、、________、表语。 3. 常用搭配 （1）部分动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式。 （2）介词后面若接动词，动词要变为________形式。 4. 动名词的否定 否定形式：________ + doing。 5. 动名词的复合结构 逻辑主语用________（形容词性物主代词 / 名词所有格）+ doing。 6. 易混辨析 remember/forget/regret：接 doing 表示________；接 to do 表示________。 stop：stop doing 表示________；stop to do 表示________。 二、定语从句 1. 基本概念 定语从句用来修饰________，被修饰的名词 / 代词叫________；引导定语从句的词叫________，分为________和________两类。 2. 关系代词 who：先行词为________，在从句中作________； whom：先行词为人，在从句中作________； which：先行词为________，在从句中作主语或宾语； that：先行词是人或物，可作主语、宾语，________介词后； whose：表________关系，先行词可为人或物。 3. 关系副词 when：先行词表________，从句缺时间状语； where：先行词表________，从句缺地点状语； why：先行词表________，从句缺原因状语。 4. 限制性 & 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句________逗号，去掉后主句含义不完整； 非限制性定语从句________逗号，不能用________引导。 5. 只用 that 不用 which 的情况 ①先行词为不定代词；②先行词被最高级、序数词修饰；③先行词被 all、every 等限定词修饰；④先行词既包含人又包含________。 6. 只用 which 不用 that 的情况 ①________定语从句；②介词后作关系代词。 7.“介词 + 关系代词” 结构 介词的选择看两点：①先行词的________；②从句内部动词、形容词的固定搭配；介词后指物用________，指人用________。 【课堂检测】 一、单项选择 1．The farmer ________ sheep are grazing on the grassland is our vocational school’s training instructor. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 2．Don’t forget the day ________ you were admitted to Beijing University. A．when B．that C．at which D．where 3．You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges. A．who B．when C．which D．where 4．The man ________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist. A．whose B．whom C．which D．who 5．I love pop music ________ I can dance to. A．whose B．who C．that D．why 6．— Do you know the boy over there? — The one ________ is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil. A．what B．which C．who D．不填 7．There are many reasons ________ people like traveling. A．for that B．why C．which D．in which 8．— What kind of music do you like? — I like music ________ I can sing along with. A．who B．where C．that D．when 9．Tom survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and broke down. A．where B．that C．as D．why 10．At the beginning, I couldn't understand everything ________ the characters said. A．that B．which C．what D．why 二、英汉互译 11．Students who want to succeed in their future careers must master the practical skills that are highly valued by employers. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 12．The new library which was built last year provides students with a quiet place where they can read and study after class. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 13．Actually, nearly half of high school students have taken at least one class that counts as college credit. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________________________________ 14．When the rest of the kids were playing in the yard, she would take my hand and lead me down to the stream, where I could lie on the bank. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 15．Come up with the contract together — it could cover everything from specific times when digital devices are off-limits to all family members, to agreeing on a selection of games that can be played without supervision (监督). (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 16．It’s something that can take place at anytime, anywhere. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 17． While social media offers a great opportunity for adults to stay in touch with family and friends, for children who are growing up surrounded by it, social media can be a source of stress. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 18．The best game designers are people who have a wide range of interests, because you want to bring those into games. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 19．We should learn from scientists who never give up easily. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 20．Artificial intelligence is changing the way we work and live. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共35练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You（Grammar）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 3 Sports Are Good For You 一课一练（15） Grammar 【课前预习】 一、动名词 1. 基本概念 动名词由 “________” 构成，兼具________和________的词性特征。 2. 句法功能 可在句中充当________、、、________、表语。 3. 常用搭配 （1）部分动词后只能接动名词作宾语，不能接不定式。 （2）介词后面若接动词，动词要变为________形式。 4. 动名词的否定 否定形式：________ + doing。 5. 动名词的复合结构 逻辑主语用________（形容词性物主代词 / 名词所有格）+ doing。 6. 易混辨析 remember/forget/regret：接 doing 表示________；接 to do 表示________。 stop：stop doing 表示________；stop to do 表示________。 二、定语从句 1. 基本概念 定语从句用来修饰________，被修饰的名词 / 代词叫________；引导定语从句的词叫________，分为________和________两类。 2. 关系代词 who：先行词为________，在从句中作________； whom：先行词为人，在从句中作________； which：先行词为________，在从句中作主语或宾语； that：先行词是人或物，可作主语、宾语，________介词后； whose：表________关系，先行词可为人或物。 3. 关系副词 when：先行词表________，从句缺时间状语； where：先行词表________，从句缺地点状语； why：先行词表________，从句缺原因状语。 4. 限制性 & 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句________逗号，去掉后主句含义不完整； 非限制性定语从句________逗号，不能用________引导。 5. 只用 that 不用 which 的情况 ①先行词为不定代词；②先行词被最高级、序数词修饰；③先行词被 all、every 等限定词修饰；④先行词既包含人又包含________。 6. 只用 which 不用 that 的情况 ①________定语从句；②介词后作关系代词。 7.“介词 + 关系代词” 结构 介词的选择看两点：①先行词的________；②从句内部动词、形容词的固定搭配；介词后指物用________，指人用________。 【答案】 一、动名词 动词‑ing；名词；动词 主语；宾语；定语；同位语 动名词 (doing) not 物主代词 / 名词所有格 已经做过的事；要去做的事；停止正在做的事；停下来去做另一件事 二、定语从句 名词或代词；先行词；关系词；关系代词；关系副词 人；主语；宾语；事物；不能置于 所属；时间；地点；原因 无；有；that 物 非限制性 含义搭配；which；whom 【课堂检测】 一、单项选择 1．The farmer ________ sheep are grazing on the grassland is our vocational school’s training instructor. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那位正在草原上放牧绵羊的农夫是我们职业学校的实训指导老师。 空格后“... sheep are grazing on the grassland”是定语从句，修饰先行词The farmer，从句中sheep与farmer存在所属关系（农夫的绵羊），需用关系代词whose引导从句。 2．Don’t forget the day ________ you were admitted to Beijing University. A．when B．that C．at which D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：别忘了你被北京大学录取的那一天。 空处引导定语从句“you were admitted to Beijing University”，先行词是the day，表时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用when，相当与on which。 3．You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges. A．who B．when C．which D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《你鼓舞了我》是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。 “... brings me much courage in the face of challenges”是定语从句，先行词a song 是物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用which。 4．The man ________ gave us a talk on science yesterday is a famous scientist. A．whose B．whom C．which D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天给我们作科学报告的那个人是一位著名的科学家。 “... gave us a talk on science yesterday”此句是一个定语从句，先行词man是指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句。 5．I love pop music ________ I can dance to. A．whose B．who C．that D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜欢能跟着跳舞的流行音乐。 “I can dance to”为定语从句，先行词“pop music”指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用that。 6．— Do you know the boy over there? — The one ________ is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil. A．what B．which C．who D．不填 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认识那边的那个男孩吗？——拿着球的那个吗？哦，那是我的邻居菲尔。 分析句子“The one ... is holding a ball?”结构可知，定语从句中缺少的是主语，本题的The one是指上文的“the boy over there”，指人的先行词，因此应该用who来引导。 7．There are many reasons ________ people like traveling. A．for that B．why C．which D．in which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们喜欢旅行有很多原因。 空处引导定语从句“people like traveling”，修饰先行词reasons，关系词在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导。 8．— What kind of music do you like? — I like music ________ I can sing along with. A．who B．where C．that D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢哪种音乐？——我喜欢可以跟着哼唱的音乐。 空处引导定语从句“I can sing along with”，修饰先行词music，关系词在从句中作介词with的宾语，指物，用关系代词that引导。 9．Tom survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and broke down. A．where B．that C．as D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆所乘坐的那辆车冲出公路并发生故障时，他幸免于难。 空处引导定语从句“he was a passenger in”，修饰先行词the car，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，指物，用关系代词that引导。 10．At the beginning, I couldn't understand everything ________ the characters said. A．that B．which C．what D．why 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一开始，我听不懂角色们所说的所有内容。 空处引导定语从句“the characters said”，修饰先行词everything，关系词在从句中作宾语；先行词为不定代词，只用关系代词that引导。 二、英汉互译 11．Students who want to succeed in their future careers must master the practical skills that are highly valued by employers. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】想要在未来职业生涯中取得成功的学生，必须掌握受雇主高度重视的实用技能。 【详解】Students：学生；who：引导定语从句；want to succeed：想要取得成功；in their future careers：在未来职业生涯中；must master：必须掌握；the practical skills：实用技能；that are highly valued by employers：受雇主高度重视的。 12．The new library which was built last year provides students with a quiet place where they can read and study after class. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】去年建成的新图书馆为学生们提供了一个课后可以阅读和学习的安静场所。 【详解】The new library：这座新图书馆；which was built last year：去年建成的；provides students with：为学生提供；a quiet place：一处安静的地方；where they can read and study after class：课后他们能够阅读和学习的。 13．Actually, nearly half of high school students have taken at least one class that counts as college credit. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】实际上，近一半的高中生至少修过一门可算作大学学分的课程。 【详解】Actually：实际上；nearly：将近；half of high school students：一半的高中生；have taken：已经修过；at least：至少；one class：一门课程；that counts as college credit：可算作大学学分的。 14．When the rest of the kids were playing in the yard, she would take my hand and lead me down to the stream, where I could lie on the bank. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】当其他孩子在院子里玩耍时，她会拉着我的手带我来到小溪边，在那里我可以躺在溪岸之上。 【详解】When：当……时候；the rest of the kids：其他孩子；were playing：正在玩耍；in the yard：在院子里；she：她；would take my hand：会拉着我的手；and lead me down to the stream：带我来到小溪边；where：在那里；I：我；could lie：可以躺；on the bank：在溪岸之上。 15．Come up with the contract together — it could cover everything from specific times when digital devices are off-limits to all family members, to agreeing on a selection of games that can be played without supervision (监督). (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】一起制定这份约定——内容可以涵盖方方面面，从所有家庭成员禁用电子设备的特定时间，到商定可在无人监督下玩的游戏清单。 【详解】Come up with the contract together：一起制定这份约定；it could cover everything：内容可以涵盖方方面面；from specific times：从特定时间；when digital devices are off-limits to all family members：所有家庭成员禁用电子设备的；to agreeing on a selection of games：到商定游戏清单；that can be played without supervision：可在无人监督下游玩的。 16．It’s something that can take place at anytime, anywhere. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】这是一件可以随时随地发生的事情。 【详解】It’s：这是；something：一件事；that can take place：能够发生；at anytime：随时；anywhere：任何地方。 17． While social media offers a great opportunity for adults to stay in touch with family and friends, for children who are growing up surrounded by it, social media can be a source of stress. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】虽然社交媒体为成年人与家人朋友保持联系提供了很好的机会，但对于在其环绕下成长的孩子而言，社交媒体可能成为压力的来源。 【详解】While：虽然；social media：社交媒体；offers：提供；a great opportunity：很好的机会；for adults：为成年人；to stay in touch with family and friends：与家人朋友保持联系；for children：对于孩子们而言；who are growing up surrounded by it：在其环绕下成长的；social media：社交媒体；can be a source of stress：可能成为压力的来源。 18．The best game designers are people who have a wide range of interests, because you want to bring those into games. (句子英译汉) __________________________________________________ 【答案】最优秀的游戏设计师是那些兴趣广泛的人，因为你想要把这些兴趣融入到游戏中。 【详解】The best game designers：最优秀的游戏设计师；are：是；people：人；who have a wide range of interests：兴趣广泛的；because：因为；you：你；want：想要；to bring those into games：这些兴趣融入到游戏中。 19．We should learn from scientists who never give up easily. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】我们应该向从不轻易放弃的科学家学习。 【详解】We：我们；should learn from：向……学习；scientists：科学家；who never give up easily：从不轻易放弃的。 20．Artificial intelligence is changing the way we work and live. (句子英译汉) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】人工智能正在改变我们的工作和生活的方式。 【详解】Artificial intelligence：人工智能；is changing：正在改变；the way：方式；we work and live：我们的工作和生活的。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $