Unit 4备课笔记 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级下册

该初中英语七下Unit 4知识清单系统整合了饮食主题相关的词汇、语法及语用知识，涵盖情态动词用法、比较级、动名词作主语等语法点，名词分类、短语汇总等核心范畴，搭建了从基础词汇辨析到复杂句式应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“分级标注”“复习关联”“系统梳理”构建知识体系，如“later/late”等词汇按“强基班必背”分级，“both/either”等代词结合旧知复习，“名词分类”从可数到不可数系统整合，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计“重难点标注”“应用提示”，如“taste感官系动词+adj”标注，助力不同学生高效掌握，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

新人教英语七下备课笔记 Unit 4 Unit 4 (A) 1. Which dish would you like to eat (the most)? (P25) many/much → more → most 最喜欢 would like to do = want to do = feel like doing 2. What do you usually have for breakfast/lunch/dinner? (P26) I usually have porridge for... have... for breakfast/lunch/dinner 早饭/午饭/晚饭吃…… 【拓】have的用法： ① 表拥有 ② 表吃、喝 ③ 使役动词"让" have sb. do 让某人做 ④ 患病 have a cold/fever/headache ⑤ 表示"经历/做某事" have a party/walk/meeting ⑥ 构成现在完成时（have + 过分） ⑦ 其他：have to do 不得不；had better do 最好做 3. Welcome to our restaurant! (P28) / Welcome to my home. (P27) welcome to + 地点 欢迎来到…… 4. Would you like to eat Chinese food or Western food? / Do you want to play football or basketball in the garden? (P27) or [见U3(A)①] 表示"或者"：用于肯定句、疑问句（否定句中表"和"见 38） want to do 想要做 = would like to do（would情态动词，变疑问提前） want sb. to do 想让某人做；want/would like sth. 想要某物 west 西 → western 西方的；south 南 → southern 南方的；east 东 → eastern 东方的；north 北 → northern 北方的 【强基班必背，基础班仅了解】later/late/lately/latest/latter辨析 later 后来，是late的比较级 late 晚、迟 adj./adv. lately 最近 adv.，常与完成时连用 latest 最新的，是late的最高级 latter 后者的、后面的，与前者former相对 5. What about playing a game or watching a film? — Both. What about/How about + doing 表示……怎么样？ 其他表建议的句子 [动原]： Why not = Why don't you + 动原 表示"为什么不……呢？" Would you like to do...? Shall we do sth.? You'd better (not) do sth. 表示"你最好（不要）做……" Let's do sth. 【复习】both/either/neither/all/none： both 两者都 both...and... / both of us either 两者之一 either...or... 要么……要么……（就近原则）/ either of us neither 两者都不 neither...nor... 既不也不（就近原则）/ neither of us all 三者及以上都 all of us none 三者及以上都不 none of us 指人/物 nothing 指物，不接of；no one 指人，不接of 6. Wow, you're full of energy. be full of = be filled with 充满 energy n. → energetic adj. 精力充沛的 7. We often have it in America, but it may taste different here. I'd like to try it. (P27) may 情态动词 + 动词原形 "可能" taste 感官系动词，后+adj. 尝起来…… That sounds good. [其他见U3(A)5.] taste v./n. → tasty adj. 美味的 different adj. → difference n. 差异；be different from 与……不同 I'd like to → I would like to try：努力 try to do / try one's best to do 尽某人最大努力做……；尝试 try doing 8. Do you have anything with tofu? (P27) 你们有用豆腐做的菜吗？ with的其他意思： ① remember places (with food and water) 带有 ② live in Canada with my parents 和……一起 anything 复合不定代词 [见U3(B)39]： 肯：任何事物 You can ask me anything. 否：任何事物 I don't want anything. 疑：某事 Do you want anything from the shop? ★ 表请求、征求意见、希望得到对方肯定回答时用something：Would you like something to eat? 9. Would you like a hot tofu dish or a cold one? dish 一道菜、盘子；do the dishes 洗盘子 one 代词，同类不同物指代，指热豆腐菜还是凉豆腐菜 10. We should also order some vegetables. should "应该" 情态动词 + 动原 also be/助/情之后，实义动词前 order 点菜 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. [详见U2(A)1]；take one's order 点餐 11. Which soup do you like, chicken or fish? fish 鱼，可数，单复数同形（鹿羊鱼 deer, sheep, fish） 鱼肉，不可数 鱼类，可数，有复数fishes go fishing 去钓鱼 12. Here is a menu for you. here开头的倒装句 地点副词here/there位于句首时用完全倒装，即谓语提到主语前 Here/There + 谓 + 主 Here comes the bus.（单） 13. Do you serve fish?（鱼肉） Sir, we serve everyone. serve sth. to sb. = serve sb. (with) sth. 用某物招待某人 serve v. 服务 → service n. 服务 → servant n. 仆人 Sir 先生，与madam女士相对；Mr先生，但Mr后需加姓氏，如Mr. Jones everyone 复合不定代词 [见U3(B)39] 14. Would you like the bill now? You can bring it over, but I'm sure I won't like it. Would like sth. = want sth. 想要某物 bring it over 把它拿过来 bring 带来（←）；take 带走（→）；fetch 去取来（⇄） 主 + be + sure + 句子（了解）sure 肯定的、确信的 adj. 某人确定 +（宾语从句）；be sure to do 一定做某事；be sure of/about 确信…… 15. Would you like chips, noodles or rice to go with your chicken? go with 与……一起、和……搭配 I don't know. Where is my chicken going? 故意曲解go with为"和……一起去" 【复习】be going 表将来（了解）：come, go, leave, arrive表示位置移动的词用现在进行时表将来 16. I try to eat healthy food every day. try to do 努力做 [见7]；try doing 尝试做 healthy adj. → health n. → unhealthy adj. 不健康的 every day 分开写作状语"每天" [见U2(B)24]；everyday 合着写作定语，相当于daily"每日的" 17. Instead, I have a pear, a banana or some strawberries. 辨析：（舍去instead前面部分，选取的是后面部分） instead 相反，副词，可单独使用，后加句子 instead of 而不是，介词短语，后加名、代或doing They chose her instead of me. 他们选择了她，而不是我（舍去后面部分，选择前面部分） 18. I love juice, but my mum says that it's not good to drink too much of it. It is + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. 形式主语 / 真正主语 too much 太多 + 不可数n. too many 太多 + 可数n.复数 [见七上] much too 太…… + adj. 19. It usually has a lot of sugar. a lot of = lots of 许多 + 可数n.复/不可数n. a lot 很、非常 [详见U3(B)33] 20. Now I try to drink more water and milk. more 更多（many/much的比较级） 如果是更多水和更少牛奶呢？more water and less milk less 更少（little比较级） 【附】名词分类 （1）专有名词和普通名词： a. 专有名词表示特定的或者独一无二的人或物，如人名、地名、机构名称等。 b. 普通名词表示一类人、物或事，可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 （2）可数名词： a. 规则可数名词复数形式：1) 大部分通常加-s；2) 以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾加-es；3) 以-o结尾：有生命的加-es（如 tomato, potato, hero），无生命的加-s（如 photo, piano, radio, zoo）；4) 以辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i再加-es；5) 以元音字母加-y结尾，只加-s；6) 以-f或-fe结尾，变f/fe为v再加-es（补充：chief=chiefs；scarf—scarfs/scarves） b. 不规则可数名词：1) 单复数同形 sheep-sheep, deer鹿, fish鱼；2) 内部元音字母变换 man-men；3) 加-en child-children, ox-oxen c. 有些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes, trousers, people d. 可数名词可以用一些量词修饰，如few mistakes, hundreds of flags （3）不可数名词： a. 没有单、复数区别，一般以单数对待；物质名词和抽象名词多数为不可数名词 b. 如果要计数，要用"单位词"，如a bottle of water c. 可以用一些量词修饰，如an amount of snow Unit 4 (B) 21. How do you make healthy eating choices? 做出健康的饮食选择 (poor) eating habits 饮食习惯/不健康的 make 使役动词 make sb. do sth. 让某人做；make sb./sth. adj. 使某人/某物处于某种状态 实义动词 做、制作 【短语复习】make progress 取得进步；make the bed 铺床；make a face 做鬼脸；make money 挣钱；make a mistake 犯错；make a list 列清单；make a choice 做选择；make a living 谋生 choice n. → choose v. (choose to do sth.) → chose（过去式） 22. Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind. 动名词（了解） 对……而言 非谓语动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成，在句中作用相当于名词，同时保留动词的某些特征（如可以接宾语、状语，有时态、语态的变化） mind n. 头脑、心智；mind map 思维导图 mind v. 介意 mind doing 介意做；mind one's doing 介意某人做 23. Both (what we eat) and (how we eat) are important. 我们吃什么 / 我们怎样吃 both...and... ……和……都 [超级拔高（不考）] both of us 我们两个都 [详见本单元5.] 【超级拔高（不考）尖子生要会】属于两个并列的主语从句，即用一个句子充当主语，主语从句也用"陈述语序"：引导词+主语+谓语+其他（★没有助动词！）what do we eat ✗ 24. For example, some people have fast food every week. 例如 / 吃快餐 【复习】for example 常用逗号隔开，后接句子；such as 接名词或动名词，常多个同类例子并列：I love fruits such as apples, bananas, and grapes. 25. But it often has lots of salt, fat, and sugar. lots of / a lot of / a lot [U3(B)33] fat adj. 肥胖的，与thin相对（贬义词）；n. 脂肪 26. That makes us put on weight. [见本单元21] put on ① 增加体重 ② 穿上，与take off（脱下）相对 ③ 上演、举办 辨析：put on 强调"穿上"动作；wear 强调"穿着"状态；dress 后面接人 dress oneself / get dressed 穿上衣服 The children put on a play on Children's Day every year. 【put相关短语拓展】（复习） put up 张贴、搭建、举手 put down 记下、放下 put on 穿上、戴上 put off 推迟 put out 熄灭 put into 把……放入 put away 把……放好、收好 put forward 提出 put up with 忍受 weight n. 体重 → weigh v. 重、权衡 put on weight 增加体重；lose weight 减肥；the weight of... ……的重量 27. Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later. 介词像 / 太频繁 / 情态动词+动原 动名词作主语（注意区分以动词原形开头的祈使句）[详见U1] cause v. 造成、引起 cause sb. to do 导致某人做某事；n. 原因 the cause of... ……的原因 heart 心脏 heart problem 心脏病；内心 lose heart 失去信心；put one's heart into 专注于（写作中亮点短语，表示全身心去做一件事）；中心 in the heart of the city 在市中心 28. If you cook your own meals instead, you can make healthy balanced meals. 从句 / 主句 【复习】if条件句的主情从现 [详见U2(A)8]，即主句含情态动词，从句为一般现在时 cook 厨师n. / 烹饪v. cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人做饭；cooker 厨具n. balanced 均衡的 adj. → balance n. 平衡 → imbalance n. 失衡；keep... in balance 使……保持平衡 instead / instead of [见17] 29. Eating three meals a day is important. ★ 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数 换为it作形式主语的句型：It is important to eat three meals a day. 30. Maybe they don't feel hungry in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything. 或者 [详见U6(A)1] may be / maybe [复习] feel是感官系动词，同类的还有taste, smell, sound, look，这类词后跟形容词 anything是复合不定代词，这类词作主语时，谓语用单数；若这类词被形容词修饰时，形容词后置 【附】too...to / so...that / ...enough to... 三个句子之间可进行转换，注意"..."的位置 例：他太年轻了而不能去上学 He is too young to go to school. He is so young that he can't go to school. He is not old enough to go to school. 注：to后加短语或单词；that后加含主谓的完整句子 31. It's easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don't eat breakfast. 这个句子简直了，既含形式主语，又含形式宾语，还有if条件句，同时"hard"、"focus on"、"or"、"sleepy"等都是常考点。一句话，夯爆了！所有同学必背。 这个句子主语为to feel...（真正），形式上的主语为It 主句为It's easy...，从句为if we don't eat breakfast find it hard to do ← (find 做事 hard) 避免头重脚轻，将做事后置，在原宾语的位置上补了个it作形式上宾语 sleepy 困倦的；asleep 睡着的；sleep 睡觉、睡眠 32. After all, an apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一日一苹果，医生远离我。注意三单！！！ after all 毕竟 keep... away 让……离开 keep短语（复习）[见U1(A)5]： keep sb. doing 让某人一直做 keep on doing 继续做 keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做 keep up with 跟上 keep away from 远离 keep in touch with 与……保持联系 keep one's word 遵守诺言 keep an eye on 照看 keep to oneself 保守秘密 33. You are what you eat. 人如其食 主 系 表语从句 34. Healthy eating means eating healthy food and having good eating habits. mean v. 意味着 mean to do 意欲做、想要做、打算做；mean doing 意味着做 meaning n. 意思 meaningful 有意义的 adj. / meaningless 无意义的 adj. meaningfully 有意义地 adv. / meaninglessly 无意义地 adv. 35. Do you think poor eating habits in the article are common among young people? poor/bad eating habits 不好的饮食习惯 poor 贫穷的 the poor 穷人（the+adj表一类人）；the young 年轻人；the rich 富人 common 常见的、共同的；have... in common 在……方面有共同之处 among 在……之间（三者及以上）；between 在……之间（两者） 36. I eat three meals a day, and I have them on time. 一日三餐准时吃 on time 准时；in time 及时 37. Some of my friends don't like carrots or other vegetables, and they don't eat them, but I eat all kinds of vegetables. or此处用于否定句，表既不也不、"和"；肯定句中表或者 祈使句 + or + 陈述句（U2拓展）否则：Hurry up, or you'll be late for class. all kinds of 各种各样的；a kind of 一种；different kinds of 各种各样的；kind of + adj. 有点儿…… kind ① 种类 ② 和蔼的 be kind to sb. / It's kind of sb. to do 38. First, I drink too many soft drinks. drink 可数：一份饮料、一种饮料（如 a soft drink / soft drinks）；不可数：饮料（总称） soft 反义词hard；soft music 温柔的音乐；soft toy 软玩具 39. Second, I don't drink enough water. enough adj. 足够的 enough time 足够的时间；have enough time to do sth. enough adv. 足够地（enough修饰adj.时，enough后置） ...enough to... 足够……以致于…… [见30] 40. I drink water when I'm thirsty, but it's better to drink before I get thirsty. 当……时（时间状语从句）/ 形主 / 真主 / 在……之前（时间状语从句） thirsty adj. → thirst n. 渴望；be thirsty for sth. 渴望某物 get thirsty 系 + adj. 此处get为变化系动词，即变口渴 41. In future, I should drink more water. in future 今后；in the future 在将来 should 情态动词 + 动原，表"应该" Unit 4 短语表 food preference 饮食偏好 prefer to do/doing 更喜欢做 countable/uncountable noun 可数/不可数名词 affect our health 影响我们的健康 have... for breakfast 早餐吃…… welcome to... 欢迎来到…… want to do = would like to do = feel like doing in the garden 在花园 Western food 西餐 after dinner 晚饭后 watch a film 看电影 full of energy 精力充沛 What about... ……怎么样 have anything with tofu （疑问句中）与豆腐搭配 a hot tofu dish 一盘热豆腐菜 order sth. 点菜 that sounds good 那听起来不错 a cup of tea 一杯茶 serve everyone 服务所有人 bring it over 将它拿过来 go with 与……一起、和……搭配 too much + 不可数n. 太多 try to do 尽力做 try sth. 尝试某物 make healthy eating choices 作出健康的饮食选择 clinic's newsletter 诊所简报 fast food 快餐 lots of 大量的 make sb. do put on weight 增重 too often 太频繁 cause heart problems 导致心脏病 cook one's own meal 自己做饭 healthy balanced meals 健康均衡的饭（营养） too busy to eat anything 太忙而不能吃饭 give us energy 给我们能量 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. feel sleepy 感到困的 find it hard to do 发现做……困难 focus on 集中注意 too many + 可数n.复 sweet things 甜食 cause tooth problems 导致牙齿问题 after all 毕竟 keep... away 让……远离 have good/bad/poor eating habits 有好（坏）的饮食习惯 reason for the result 产生结果的原因；the result of... ……的结果；as a result 结果；as a result of... 由于…… among young people 在年轻人之间 eat three meals a day 一日三餐 on time 准时 don't like... or... 既不喜欢……也不喜欢 = like neither... nor... all kinds of 各种各样的 soft drinks 软饮料 taste good/different 尝起来很好/不同 have a lot of sugar 含大量糖 be bad for 对……有害；be good for 对……有好处 drink enough water 喝足够水 It's better to do 最好做…… = had better (do) sth. get thirsty 口渴 many kinds of 多种多样 special dishes 特色菜 develop healthy eating habits 养成健康饮食习惯 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $