内容正文:
Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures
附加疑问句
附加疑问部分附加在陈述句之后,对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问。附加疑问句实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句。
一、附加疑问句的主语
(1)(教材P37)This isn't your first time here, is it?
这不是你第一次来这里,对吗?
(2)Everybody is here, aren't they/isn't he?
每个人都在这里,不是吗?
(3)Everything is OK, isn't it?
一切都很好,不是吗?
(4)Swimming is great fun, isn't it?
游泳很有趣,不是吗?
(5)There is a book on the desk, isn't there?
桌子上有一本书,不是吗?
1.主语是指示代词时,附加疑问句的主语用it或they等代词。
2.主语是不定代词时,指人,附加疑问句的主语用he或they;指物,附加疑问句的主语用it。
3.主语是动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句时,附加疑问句的主语用it。
4.there be句型的附加疑问句的主语用there。
二、附加疑问句的谓语动词
(1)(教材P37)You've lost some weight, haven't you?
你体重降了一些,不是吗?
(2)He can dress himself now, can't he?
他现在能自己穿衣服了,不是吗?
(3)She isn't satisfied with the food supplied, is she?
她对供应的食物不满意,是吗?
(4)They had a meeting just now, didn't they?
他们刚才开会了,不是吗?
(5)She had two good friends in England, hadn't/didn't she?
她在英国有两个好朋友,不是吗?
(6)You must leave at once, mustn't/needn't you?
你必须马上离开,不是吗?
(7)Tom used to live here, usedn't/didn't he?
汤姆过去曾经住在这里,不是吗?
(8)We ought to read this book, shouldn't/oughtn't we?
我们应该读这本书,不是吗?
(9)You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
你最好自己读,好吗?
1.当陈述部分的谓语含有be动词、情态动词、助动词时,附加疑问部分用相应的be动词、情态动词、助动词;当陈述部分的动词为实义动词时,附加疑问部分用相应的助动词do/does/did。
2.当陈述部分的谓语含有实义动词have且表示“有”时,附加疑问部分可用have,也可用相应的助动词do/does/did;作其他意义时,一律用相应的助动词do/does/did。
3.当陈述部分的谓语含有must且表示“必须、有必要”时,附加疑问部分否定用mustn't/needn't;肯定用must。
4.当陈述部分的谓语含有used to时,附加疑问部分用usedn't/didn't。
5.当陈述部分的谓语含有ought to且表示肯定时,附加疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't。
6.当陈述部分的谓语含有had better时,附加疑问部分用hadn't。
三、某些特殊句型的附加疑问句
(1)We will go out for a picnic. Come along with us, will/won't you?
我们将出去野餐。和我们一起去,好吗?
(2)Don't lose heart even when in trouble, will you?
即使遇到困难也不要灰心,好吗?
(3)Let's set an example to the junior students, shall we? 让我们为初中生树立榜样,好吗?
(4)Let us go to gym to play badminton, will you?
让我们去体育馆打羽毛球,好吗?
(5)What a talented and hard-working athlete he is, isn't he?
他是一个多么有天赋和勤奋的运动员啊,不是吗?
(6)The young man admitted that he had taken control of the company, didn't he?
那个年轻人承认他已经掌控了公司,不是吗?
(7)We don't believe that the news is true, is it?
我们认为消息不实,是吗?
(8)He is a teacher and teaches math, doesn't he?
他是一个老师并且教数学,不是吗?
1.若陈述部分是表示肯定意义的祈使句,附加疑问部分为will/won't you;若陈述部分是表示否定意义的祈使句,附加疑问部分为will you。
2.若陈述部分是Let's引导的祈使句,附加疑问部分为shall we;若陈述部分是Let me/Let us引导的祈使句,附加疑问部分为will you。
3.若陈述部分是感叹句,附加疑问部分一律用否定形式。
4.若陈述部分是复合句,附加疑问部分的主语和谓语动词常与主句保持一致;若陈述部分的主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的think、believe、suppose、guess、expect、imagine等,且主句主语为第一人称时,附加疑问部分的主语和谓语动词与宾语从句保持一致,注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
5.当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问部分需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。
四、含有否定词的附加疑问句
(1)With great determination, he never loses heart, does he? 他有着极大的决心,从不灰心,是吗?
(2)He said nothing, did he? 他什么也没说,是吗?
(3)It is impossible to finish the work, isn't it?
完成这项工作是不可能的,不是吗?
1.若陈述部分中有否定词/短语,如hardly、never、seldom、little、few、nowhere、nothing、at no time、by no means、on no account、in no case等时,附加疑问部分用肯定形式提问。
2.若陈述部分含有由un-、im-、in-、dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词时,应把陈述部分视为肯定含义,附加疑问部分用否定形式。
五、附加疑问句的答语
(1)—He likes swimming, doesn't he?
——他喜欢游泳,不是吗?
—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
——是的,他喜欢。/不,他不喜欢。
(2)—It isn't fun at all, is it?
——它一点也不有趣,是吗?
—Yes, it is./No, it isn't.
——不,它有趣。/是的,它没趣。
1.对附加疑问句的回答,无论问题的提问方式如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes;事实是否定的,就用no。
2.当陈述部分是否定结构,附加疑问部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反。这种回答的yes应译成“不”,no应译成“是”。
Ⅰ.选词填空
1.She is unfit for the position, isn't she?(is/isn't)
2.Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn't it?(doesn't/does)
3.Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?(will/won't)
4.I don't think that the necklace is made of diamond, is it?(is/isn't)
5.I don't think you have heard of him before, have you?(have/haven't)
6.Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn't she?(doesn't/won't)
7.They must have stayed at home last night, didn't they?(haven't/didn't)
8.Few of them were injured in the accident last night, were they?(were/weren't)
9.You had some trouble finding where I live, hadn't/didn't you?(hadn't/didn't)
10.You'd better have a day off so that you can look after your sick mother, hadn't you?(won't/hadn't)
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1.——他想去,不是吗?
—He wants to go, doesn't he?
——不,他不想去。
—No,he doesn't.
2.——你没有睡着,对吗?
—You aren't asleep, are you?
——是的,我没睡着。
—No,I'm not.
3.——它是一朵漂亮的花,不是吗?
—It is a beautiful flower, isn't it?
——是的,它是。
—Yes, it is.
4.——他不是给我们演讲的人,是吗?
—He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
——不,他是给我们演讲的人。
—Yes, he is.
5.她告诉我们她完成了任务,是吗?
She told us that she had finished the task, didn't she?
6.郎平是一个意志非常坚定的人,不是吗?
Lang Ping is a person with great determination, isn't she?
7.停止玩手机,给你儿子树立个好榜样,不行吗?
Stop playing on your cellphone and set a good example for your son, will/won't you?
8.这个交换生过去常常去汉语角,不是吗?
This exchange student used to go to the Chinese Corner, didn't/usedn't he?
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