Unit 4 Our Memory 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句（核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，构建“概念-规则-应用”三阶训练体系，通过分层题型强化语序、时态等核心方法，提升语言应用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|3类疑问词引导从句+时态规则|陈述句语序（主语+谓语）、时态呼应（主现从任/主过从过/客观真理现）、特殊用法（反意疑问句/疑问词+不定式）|从基本概念（疑问词引导）到核心规则（语序/时态），再到特殊转化，形成完整逻辑链| |考点夯基|4题型（填空/单选/完成句子/句型转换）|疑问词选择（what/who/when等）、语序调整（去除助动词do/does/did）、时态判断（根据主句选从句时态）|针对基础考点，题型对应不同应用场景，强化规则直接应用| |综合提升|2题型（语法选择/短文填空）|语篇中从句识别、上下文时态呼应、疑问词在语境中的灵活运用|从单句到语篇，实现方法迁移，培养语境中解决问题的思维品质|

Unit 4 Our Memory 核心语法精练 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 8 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 （1）Do you know how old Li Ming is? 你知道兹几岁吗? （2）I know how old Li Ming is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 （3）I don’t know how old Li Ming is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Li Ming is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： 宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。 例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。 例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month. 我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。 例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们，我们不在期间他出了什么事。 2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。 例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。 例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in. 我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。 3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it. 孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。 宾语从句的特殊用法 1. 宾语从句变反意疑问句 在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。 I thought it was late, wasn’t it? I don't think he will come, will he？ 2. 宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 3. “疑问词+不定式结构” 当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。 I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （1）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park? 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．After learning the passage, I could ________ (retell) the main idea in simple words. 2．Peter wrote the English words over and over again, and then ________ (tick) the ones he had memorized. 3．I don’t know why he ________ (be) late for the meeting yesterday. 4．She can’t remember where she ________ (put) her keys just now. 5．I wonder how I ________ (improve) my memory soon. 6．She didn’t tell me when she ________ (come) back. 7．Nobody can explain what ________ (happen) to our memory when we grow old. 8．He asked me if I ________ (master) the memory skills. 9．I can’t recall what I ________ (learn) in yesterday’s class. 10．I ________ (hear) a strange noise outside just now. 二、单项选择。 1．Could you tell me ________ makes him a hero in your eyes? A．what B．who C．which D．when 2．Do you know ________ for the coming exam? A．when should we prepare B．what we should prepare C．where should we prepare D．how should we prepare 3．I don’t know ________ this phrase means. Can you explain it to me? A．that B．what C．how D．which 4．—Linda, could you tell me ________? —Sure. I got it from my elder sister yesterday. A．what is the new book mainly about B．where did the new book come from C．who gave you the new book D．why you like the new book 5．—Could you tell me ________ we can turn to for advice when we fail to get on well with parents? —Our school counselors and trusted teachers. A．who B．when C．where D．how 6．—Can you tell me ________ I should go to for help? —You can ask Mr Friend, a famous youth worker. A．why B．when C．who D．where 7．Do you know ________ book is the most useful for English learning? A．which B．that C．what D．how 8．I haven’t decided ________ college I will go to yet. A．which B．what C．that D．where 9．— What good handwriting! Could you please tell me ________ notes they are? — Of course. They are Jack’s. He always writes carefully and beautifully. A．whom B．whose C．whoever 10．Do you know ________ book this is on my bed? It’s about friendship. A．who B．whose C．which D．how 11．The teacher always encourages us to do ________ we believe is right, even if others doubt our choice. A．all the things B．whatever C．everything D．anything 12．You can invite ________ you trust to join your team, because teamwork requires mutual understanding. A．whoever B．whatever C．however D．whenever 13．—I wonder ________ the rescue team will reach the flooded village. —They said they would be there within two hours. A．how B．if C．why D．when 14．She is worried and doesn’t know ________ she should ask for help before it’s too late. A．what B．how C．when D．that 15．Could you tell me ________ the nearest bookstore is? A．that B．what C．where D．how 16．—I don’t know ________ I should spend my lucky money. —You can save it or buy some useful books. A．what B．how C．where D．when 17．I don’t know ________ he was late for school yesterday. A．why B．that C．what D．how 18．— How do you improve your reading skills? — I read English articles (文章) ________ I have free time. A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever 19．________ you eat, you should make sure that it is clean. A．No matter what B．No matter C．However D．Whenever 20．I don't think it's good for parents to give their children ____ they want. A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whoever 3、 完成句子。 1．我们可以通过再次观看已录制的课程来复习所学内容。 We can review ________ ________ ________ ________ by watching recorded lessons again. 2．听从医生所说的。 Follow ________ the doctor ________. 3．每个人都想知道未来会发生什么。 Everyone wants to know ________ ________ happen in the future. 4．你能告诉我演讲什么时候开始吗？ Could you tell me ________ the speech ________ begin? 5．你能告诉我这台机器是用来做什么的吗? Can you tell me ________ this machine ________ used for? 6．现在小明可以随时给他的爷爷打电话。 Now Xiao Ming can call his grandpa ________ he ________. 7．你能告诉我你是如何记住那么多单词的吗？ Can you tell me ________ you ________ so many words? 8．你能告诉我你什么时候搬到南京的吗？ Can you tell me ________ you ________ to Nanjing? 9．你知道他住在哪里吗？ Do you know ________ he ________? 10．你能告诉我为什么我们每天有两次20分钟的阅读时间吗？   Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ two 20-minute reading periods every day? 4、 句型转换。 1．He knew who could help him with the difficult task. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ who ________ help him with the difficult task. 2．Why do people forget things easily? (改为宾语从句) I want to know ________ people ________ things easily. 3．Which book is the best?（改为宾语从句） I can’t decide ________ book ________ the best. 4．When will the class begin?（改为宾语从句） No one knows ________ the class ________ begin. 5．What did you learn yesterday?（改为宾语从句） Please tell me ________ you ________ yesterday. 6．How does this skill work? (改为宾语从句) He wonders ________ this skill ________. 7．Where can I find memory training books?（改为宾语从句） Could you tell me ________ ________ __________ find memory training books? 8．John is wondering how he can keep the balance between work and play. （改为同义句） John is wondering ________ ________ ________ the balance between work and play. 9．The shop opens at 7: 00 a. m. (对画线部分提问) Could you please tell me ________ the shop ________? 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 When I was in middle school, I often wondered 1 graduation would ever come. It seemed so far away. But now, as I stand here at the farewell ceremony, I can’t believe 2 quickly the time has passed. I still 3 the nervous feeling on my first school day. Looking back, I realize it is love and care 4 brightened my whole junior life. I have learned 5 to get along with others and face troubles bravely. I never gave up, 6 things were quite hard at that time. I haven’t decided 7 senior high school I will attend. But I know I will keep working hard 8 achieve my dreams. I will value the classmates 9 stayed with me all these years. All the sweet moments 10 we shared will stay in my mind forever. 1．A．when B．that C．whether D．what 2．A．that B．what C．how D．whether 3．A．remind B．remember C．forget D．imagine 4．A．who B．that C．where D．when 5．A．how B．that C．what D．whose 6．A．because B．though C．unless D．since 7．A．when B．which C．that D．where 8．A．in order to B．so that C．such that D．because of 9．A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 10．A．that B．what C．whether D．how 二、语法填空 （一） 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词 Happy memories are precious treasures in our lives.When 1 (recall) them, we feel a sense of warmth and happiness. At family gatherings, we often share the happy 2 (moment) we remember.We talk 3 the good times we had together, such as holidays, birthdays, and celebrations.These memories connect us 4 our family members and make us feel much closer to them. We also create new memories during these gatherings.We play games, sing songs, and have fun together. These new memories add to our 5 (collect) of happy memories. Our 6 (person)experiences also contribute to our happy memories. For example, when we achieve a goal, make a new friend, or have some adventure, these experiences become part of our happy memories. We should cherish our happy memories and keep them alive.We can do this by 7 (share) them with others, writing them down, or looking at old photos. Sometimes when I feel lonely or discouraged, I open my memory box 8 (slow). I keep concert tickets and dried flowers from special occasions. Each item tells a story—the first time I rode a bicycle without 9 (train) wheels, or the moment our basketball team won the championship.These memories remind me 10 life is full of beautiful moments worth remembering. （二） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，或填入所给单词的正确形式。 Do you want to improve your memory? If so, it’s necessary 1 (know) how memory works. There are two types: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory 2 (help) you keep things in mind only for a short time. Long-term memory lets you remember information like the password 3 your online bank account for days, years or even forever. The key is 4 (move) what you learn into long-term memory, and you can do this with smart memory 5 (skill) and a healthy lifestyle. First, focus carefully and take notes of key points. It’s always 6 (easy) to remember a summary than a long passage. Second, review what you’ve learned often. Study for 40 minutes and then take 7 rest. You can review information by 8 (discuss) or teaching the knowledge to others. Third, use your senses. You can create 9 (image) like mind maps or listening to recorded information can be very effective. Finally, sleeping well, eating healthily and 10 (exercise) often can also boost your memory. Try different methods to find what works for you. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Our Memory 核心语法精练 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 8 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 （1）Do you know how old Li Ming is? 你知道兹几岁吗? （2）I know how old Li Ming is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 （3）I don’t know how old Li Ming is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Li Ming is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： 宾语从句的时态 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。 例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。 例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month. 我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。 例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们，我们不在期间他出了什么事。 2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。 例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。 例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in. 我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。 3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it. 孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。 宾语从句的特殊用法 1. 宾语从句变反意疑问句 在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。 I thought it was late, wasn’t it? I don't think he will come, will he？ 2. 宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 3. “疑问词+不定式结构” 当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。 I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （1）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park? 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．After learning the passage, I could ________ (retell) the main idea in simple words. 【答案】retell 【详解】句意：学完这篇文章后，我能用简单的话复述主旨。括号内提示词retell本身为动词，句中情态动词could后需接动词原形，直接使用retell即可。 2．Peter wrote the English words over and over again, and then ________ (tick) the ones he had memorized. 【答案】ticked 【详解】句意：彼得一遍又一遍地写英语单词，然后在他记住的单词上打钩。句中“wrote”为并列分句的前半句谓语动词，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，tick的过去式直接加-ed，故填ticked。 3．I don’t know why he ________ (be) late for the meeting yesterday. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：我不知道他昨天开会为什么迟到。从句中包含明确的时间状语“yesterday”，表示动作发生在过去，因此从句需用一般过去时。从句的主语是“he”，属于第三人称单数，be动词在一般过去时中，对应第三人称单数的形式是was。 4．She can’t remember where she ________ (put) her keys just now. 【答案】put 【详解】句意：她记不清刚才把钥匙放在哪里了。句末的时间状语“just now”意为“刚才”，表示动作发生在过去，因此宾语从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。动词“put”属于不规则动词，其过去式与原形相同。故空格处应填put。 5．I wonder how I ________ (improve) my memory soon. 【答案】will improve 【详解】句意：我想知道我要怎样很快提升自己的记忆力。副词soon表示不久之后，指代将来的时间，主句为一般现在时，宾语从句要使用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故填will improve。 6．She didn’t tell me when she ________ (come) back. 【答案】would come 【详解】句意：她没有告诉我她什么时候会回来。主句“She didn’t tell me”是一般过去时，宾语从句“when she…back”的动作发生在“告诉”这个过去动作的将来，即“过去将来时”would come。 7．Nobody can explain what ________ (happen) to our memory when we grow old. 【答案】happens 【详解】句意：没人能解释当我们年纪渐长时，我们的记忆会发生什么变化。宾语从句陈述的是关于衰老的客观事实或普遍现象，因此应用一般现在时。引导词what在从句中充当主语，视为第三人称单数。谓语动词happen需变为第三人称单数形式，故填happens。 8．He asked me if I ________ (master) the memory skills. 【答案】had mastered 【详解】句意：他问我是否已经掌握记忆技巧。主句谓语asked为一般过去时，“掌握”这个动作发生在“询问”之前，属于过去的过去，需要使用过去完成时，结构为had+动词过去分词，master的过去分词是mastered，故填had mastered。 9．I can’t recall what I ________ (learn) in yesterday’s class. 【答案】learned/learnt 【详解】句意：我想不起来昨天课上学到的内容了。时间状语yesterday’s class（昨天的课）表明动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时。动词learn的过去式是learned或者learnt。 10．I ________ (hear) a strange noise outside just now. 【答案】heard 【详解】句意：我刚才听见外面有奇怪的声响。根据时间标志词just now（刚才）可知动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时；hear“听见”是不规则动词，过去式为heard。 二、单项选择。 1．Could you tell me ________ makes him a hero in your eyes? A．what B．who C．which D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我是什么使他在你眼中成为英雄吗？what什么；who谁；which哪一个；when什么时候。根据“Could you tell me … makes him a hero in your eyes?”可知，从句缺少主语，且询问的是使他成为英雄的事物或原因，应选what。 2．Do you know ________ for the coming exam? A．when should we prepare B．what we should prepare C．where should we prepare D．how should we prepare 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你知道为了即将到来的考试我们应该准备什么吗。when should we prepare我们应该什么时候准备（语序错误）；what we should prepare我们应该准备什么；where should we prepare我们应该在哪里准备（语序错误）；how should we prepare我们应该如何准备（语序错误）。宾语从句需用陈述语序，即连接词后接主语和谓语。选项A、C、D均为疑问语序（should 位于we之前），只有B选项是陈述语序（we should）。 3．I don’t know ________ this phrase means. Can you explain it to me? A．that B．what C．how D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道这个短语是什么意思。你能给我解释一下吗？that那；what什么；how如何；which哪一个。根据“I don’t know...this phrase means”可知，know后接宾语从句，且从句中动词means缺少宾语，表示“什么含义”，应用what引导。 4．—Linda, could you tell me ________? —Sure. I got it from my elder sister yesterday. A．what is the new book mainly about B．where did the new book come from C．who gave you the new book D．why you like the new book 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Linda，你能告诉我谁给了你这本新书吗？——当然。我昨天从我姐姐那里得到的。 what is the new book mainly about这本书主要关于什么（疑问句语序）；where did the new book come from这本书从哪里来（疑问句语序）；who gave you the new book谁给了你这本新书（陈述句语序，询问人）；why you like the new book你为什么喜欢这本书（陈述句语序，询问原因）。根据答句“from my elder sister”可知，询问“谁”给的，应用who引导宾语从句，且从句用陈述句语序，应填who gave you the new book。 5．—Could you tell me ________ we can turn to for advice when we fail to get on well with parents? —Our school counselors and trusted teachers. A．who B．when C．where D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我当我们在与父母相处不好时可以向谁寻求建议吗？——我们的学校辅导员和值得信任的老师。who谁；when什么时候；where在哪里；how怎样。根据答语“Our school counselors and trusted teachers.”可知，回答的是人，所以问句应该是询问可以向“谁”寻求帮助，应用who引导宾语从句。 6．—Can you tell me ________ I should go to for help? —You can ask Mr Friend, a famous youth worker. A．why B．when C．who D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我应该找谁寻求帮助吗？——你可以去找著名的青年工作者Friend先生。 why为什么；when什么时候；who谁；where哪里。根据答句给出具体的人物Mr Friend，问句是在询问求助的对象，因此选用who。 7．Do you know ________ book is the most useful for English learning? A．which B．that C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你知道哪一本书对英语学习最有用吗？which哪一个；that宾语从句陈述句引导词，无实际词义，只起连接作用，不作句子成分；what什么；how如何、怎样。which+可数名词单数，表示在特定范围内选择 “哪一个……”，本句后面紧跟名词book，完全匹配结构 which book（哪一本书）。that引导宾语从句时不充当成分，且本句中单数可数名词book 前缺少限定词，排除；what book意为 “什么样的书”，侧重书籍类别；题目语境是在已有书籍里挑选一本，错误；副词不能修饰名词 book，无法构成how book搭配，语法直接错误。应填which。 8．I haven’t decided ________ college I will go to yet. A．which B．what C．that D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我还没有决定我要去哪一所大学。which哪一个；what什么；that那个；where哪里。根据句意“college I will go to”可知，此处表示在一定范围内选择“哪一所”大学，有选择限定含义，which符合语境。 9．— What good handwriting! Could you please tell me ________ notes they are? — Of course. They are Jack’s. He always writes carefully and beautifully. A．whom B．whose C．whoever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——字迹真好看！你能告诉我这是谁的笔记吗？——当然。它们是杰克的。他总是写得认真又漂亮。whom谁（宾格）；whose谁的；whoever无论是谁。根据答语“They are Jack’s.”可知，问句询问的是笔记的归属，应该使用whose引导宾语从句。 10．Do you know ________ book this is on my bed? It’s about friendship. A．who B．whose C．which D．how 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你知道我床上这本书是谁的书吗？它是关于友谊的。who谁；whose谁的；which哪一个；how怎样。根据“Do you know ________ book this is on my bed?”可知，此处询问书的归属，空后是名词book，需用whose修饰表示“谁的”，符合语境。 11．The teacher always encourages us to do ________ we believe is right, even if others doubt our choice. A．all the things B．whatever C．everything D．anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：老师总是鼓励我们去做任何我们认为是正确的事，哪怕别人质疑我们的选择。all the things所有事情；whatever无论什么，任何事；everything每件事；anything任何事。分析句子结构，空格处引导宾语从句作do的宾语，且在从句中作主语，we believe为插入语。whatever相当于anything that，意为“无论什么”，既引导从句又作主语，符合语法和句意。all the things是复数，与从句谓语is不一致；everything和anything作先行词接定语从句时通常需加关系代词that。 12．You can invite ________ you trust to join your team, because teamwork requires mutual understanding. A．whoever B．whatever C．however D．whenever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以邀请任何你信任的人加入你的团队，因为团队合作需要相互理解。 whoever无论谁；whatever无论什么；however无论如何；whenever无论何时。根据“invite”和“join your team”可知，空格处指代人作宾语。whatever指物，however和 whenever是副词，只有whoever指代人，符合语境。 13．—I wonder ________ the rescue team will reach the flooded village. —They said they would be there within two hours. A．how B．if C．why D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道救援队什么时候到达被洪水淹没的村庄。——他们说他们会在两小时内到达那里。how如何；if是否；why为什么；when什么时候。根据答句“within two hours”可知，询问的是时间，应填when。 14．She is worried and doesn’t know ________ she should ask for help before it’s too late. A．what B．how C．when D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她很担心，不知道在太晚之前何时应该寻求帮助。 what什么；how如何；when什么时候；that引导从句（无实义）。根据“before it’s too late”可知，她不确定的是寻求帮助的“时机”，即“什么时候”去求助，when符合语境。 15．Could you tell me ________ the nearest bookstore is? A．that B．what C．where D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我最近的书店在哪里吗？ that引导从句（无实义）；what什么；where哪里；how如何。根据“the nearest bookstore is”可知，此处是在询问地点，应用疑问副词where引导宾语从句。 16．—I don’t know ________ I should spend my lucky money. —You can save it or buy some useful books. A．what B．how C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道我应该如何花我的压岁钱。——你可以存起来或者买一些有用的书。 what什么；how如何；where哪里；when何时。根据答语“You can save it or buy some useful books.”可知，对方建议的是花钱的方式，因此问句询问的是如何花钱。故选B。 17．I don’t know ________ he was late for school yesterday. A．why B．that C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不知道他昨天为什么上学迟到了。why为什么；that引导宾语从句时无实义；what什么；how如何。从句“he was late for school yesterday”结构完整，结合语境，此处应表示“不知道他为什么迟到”，应用why引导宾语从句。 18．— How do you improve your reading skills? — I read English articles (文章) ________ I have free time. A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你如何提高你的阅读技能？——无论何时我有空闲时间，我就读英语文章。 whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；wherever无论哪里。根据“I have free time”可知，此处表示只要有空闲时间就会阅读，强调时间条件，应填whenever。故选A。 19．________ you eat, you should make sure that it is clean. A．No matter what B．No matter C．However D．Whenever 【答案】A 【详解】句意为：无论你吃什么，你都应该确保它是干净的。  • “No matter what” 意为“无论什么”，在句中可作宾语，符合“eat”后需要宾语的语境。  • “No matter” 后面需要接疑问词才能引导从句，单独使用不完整，排除。  • “However” 意为“无论如何”，修饰形容词或副词，不符合此处语境，排除。  • “Whenever” 意为“无论何时”，强调时间，而句中强调的是“吃的东西”，排除。  故选No matter what。故选A｡ 20．I don't think it's good for parents to give their children ____ they want. A．whatever B．however C．wherever D．whoever 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为父母给孩子想要的一切并不好。 考查连词。A. whatever无论什么，不管什么；B. however无论如何；C. wherever无论哪里；D. whoever 无论是谁。此处连词引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，表示事物，应该用whatever，故选A。 3、 完成句子。 1．我们可以通过再次观看已录制的课程来复习所学内容。 We can review ________ ________ ________ ________ by watching recorded lessons again. 【答案】 what we have learned 【详解】原句中“所学内容”是关键词，表示“我们所学的东西”的宾语从句是what we have learned，在句中作review的宾语。 2．听从医生所说的。 Follow ________ the doctor ________. 【答案】 what says 【详解】原句中“所说的”是关键词，此处为what引导的宾语从句，整个从句作动词Follow的宾语，what在从句中作says的宾语，指代“医生所说的内容”；第二个空填says“说”，主语the doctor是第三人称单数，一般现在时里谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式。 3．每个人都想知道未来会发生什么。 Everyone wants to know ________ ________ happen in the future. 【答案】 what will 【详解】原句中，“会发生什么”是关键词，特殊疑问词what表示“什么”，在从句中作主语，从句要用一般将来时结构will+动词原形。故填what；will。 4．你能告诉我演讲什么时候开始吗？ Could you tell me ________ the speech ________ begin? 【答案】 when will 【详解】原句中“什么时候”是关键词，表示“什么时候”的单词是when，是宾语从句的引导词。演讲还未开始，从句使用一般将来时，助动词用will；同时宾语从句需要使用陈述语序，故填when； will。 5．你能告诉我这台机器是用来做什么的吗? Can you tell me ________ this machine ________ used for? 【答案】 what is 【详解】宾语从句部分原句含义为“这台机器是用来做什么的”，连接词在从句中作介词for的宾语，表“什么”，因此第一空需用引导词what，且宾语从句必须使用陈述语序。“被用来做……”的固定被动表达为be used for，从句主语this machine是单数，句子为一般现在时，对应的be动词用is。故填what；is。 6．现在小明可以随时给他的爷爷打电话。 Now Xiao Ming can call his grandpa ________ he ________. 【答案】 whenever wants 【详解】原句中“随时”是关键词，对应的英文短语是whenever。句中已有主语he，说明后面是一个从句结构。固定搭配whenever he wants表示“他随时想要”，符合“随时”的语境。从句主语是he，因此谓语动词要用三单形式，即wants。 7．你能告诉我你是如何记住那么多单词的吗？ Can you tell me ________ you ________ so many words? 【答案】 how remember 【详解】句中“如何记住”是关键词，连接词选用表示方式的how，“记住”的常用英文表达为remember，结合语境此处用一般现在时即可。故填how；remember。 8．你能告诉我你什么时候搬到南京的吗？ Can you tell me ________ you ________ to Nanjing? 【答案】 when moved 【详解】原句中“什么时候”和“搬”是关键词。“什么时候”对应when，引导宾语从句；“搬”对应动词moved，为过去动作，用一般过去时。故填when；moved。 9．你知道他住在哪里吗？ Do you know ________ he ________? 【答案】 where lives 【详解】原句中“住在哪里”是关键词，对地点提问用引导词where；本句是宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序，主语he是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词live需使用三单形式lives。 10．你能告诉我为什么我们每天有两次20分钟的阅读时间吗？   Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ two 20-minute reading periods every day? 【答案】 why we have 【详解】 原句关键词“为什么”“我们”“有”。why引导宾语从句，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，语序为“主语+谓语”，主语是we，对应的谓语动词用原形have。故填why；we；have。’ 4、 句型转换。 1．He knew who could help him with the difficult task. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ who ________ help him with the difficult task. 【答案】 didn’t know could 【详解】句意：他知道谁能协助他完成这项艰巨的任务。原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词knew是实义动词过去式，变为否定句需要借助助动词didn’t，其后谓语动词还原为know；宾语从句时态保持不变，仍使用could。故填didn’t；know；could。 2．Why do people forget things easily? (改为宾语从句) I want to know ________ people ________ things easily. 【答案】 why forget 【详解】句意：为什么人们很容易忘记事情？原句是特殊疑问句，变为宾语从句时保留原疑问词why，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语），因此要去掉原疑问句中的助动词do，主句I want是一般现在时，从句时态保持不变；主语people为复数，谓语动词forget用原形。 3．Which book is the best?（改为宾语从句） I can’t decide ________ book ________ the best. 【答案】 which is 【详解】句意：哪一本书是最好的？特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，保留原来的特殊疑问词，原句是Which book...，所以引导词是which。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，which book作主语，is作谓语。主句“I can’t decide”是一般现在时，从句描述的是当前的状态，故谓语动词is保持不变。 4．When will the class begin?（改为宾语从句） No one knows ________ the class ________ begin. 【答案】 when will 【详解】句意：什么时候开始上课？原特殊疑问句变宾语从句时，要把特殊疑问词when直接作为宾语从句的引导词，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，主句“No one knows”是一般现在时，从句时态不受限制，保持原句的一般将来时不变。 5．What did you learn yesterday?（改为宾语从句） Please tell me ________ you ________ yesterday. 【答案】 what learned 【详解】句意：你昨天学到了什么？本句考查特殊疑问句改为宾语从句，宾语从句需要使用陈述语序，主句为一般现在时，从句根据时间状语yesterday使用一般过去时，疑问词what引导从句，动词learn变为过去式learned。 6．How does this skill work? (改为宾语从句) He wonders ________ this skill ________. 【答案】 how works 【详解】句意：他想知道这项技能是如何运作的？原句是特殊疑问句，改为宾语从句时，保留特殊疑问词how作为引导词。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语）。原句中的助动词does需去掉，将主语this skill放在谓语之前。主语this skill是第三人称单数，且主句wonders为一般现在时，从句时态不变，故谓语动词work需变为第三人称单数形式works。 7．Where can I find memory training books?（改为宾语从句） Could you tell me ________ ________ __________ find memory training books? 【答案】 where I can 【详解】句意：我在哪里能找到记忆力训练书籍？本题考点为特殊疑问句改为宾语从句；宾语从句需使用陈述语序，原疑问词where保留作引导词，原疑问语序can I调整为陈述语序I can，因此填where；I；can。 8．John is wondering how he can keep the balance between work and play. （改为同义句） John is wondering ________ ________ ________ the balance between work and play. 【答案】 how to keep 【详解】句意：约翰正在想他怎样能在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。原句是 “how” 引导的宾语从句，可转化为 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 结构，即 “how to keep” ，这种结构在句中同样作宾语，表达 “怎样保持” 的意思，与原句语义一致 。故填 how to keep。 9．The shop opens at 7: 00 a. m. (对画线部分提问) Could you please tell me ________ the shop ________? 【答案】 when opens 【详解】句意：这家商店早上7点开门。划线部分为at 7:00 a.m.，表示时间，提问时间用疑问词when。原句改为宾语从句，放在Could you please tell me后面，需用陈述语序，即“when+主语+谓语”。主语是the shop，谓语是opens（一般现在时第三人称单数），故填when；opens。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 When I was in middle school, I often wondered 1 graduation would ever come. It seemed so far away. But now, as I stand here at the farewell ceremony, I can’t believe 2 quickly the time has passed. I still 3 the nervous feeling on my first school day. Looking back, I realize it is love and care 4 brightened my whole junior life. I have learned 5 to get along with others and face troubles bravely. I never gave up, 6 things were quite hard at that time. I haven’t decided 7 senior high school I will attend. But I know I will keep working hard 8 achieve my dreams. I will value the classmates 9 stayed with me all these years. All the sweet moments 10 we shared will stay in my mind forever. 1．A．when B．that C．whether D．what 2．A．that B．what C．how D．whether 3．A．remind B．remember C．forget D．imagine 4．A．who B．that C．where D．when 5．A．how B．that C．what D．whose 6．A．because B．though C．unless D．since 7．A．when B．which C．that D．where 8．A．in order to B．so that C．such that D．because of 9．A．which B．whom C．who D．whose 10．A．that B．what C．whether D．how 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇毕业典礼上的发言稿。作者回顾了初中三年的时光，表达了对师爱的感激、对同学的珍惜以及对未来的决心和憧憬。 【详解】1．句意：上中学时，我常常想知道毕业什么时候会到来。 后文提到“它看起来特别遥远”，说明是好奇毕业的时间，选when（什么时候）符合语境。 2．句意：但现在，当我站在这里的告别仪式上，我简直不敢相信时间过得多么快。 此处为感叹句作宾语从句，修饰副词“quickly”，表示“多么快”要用“how”。结构为“how + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语”。 3．句意：我仍然记得开学第一天紧张的感觉。 前文提到时间过得快，此处是回忆过去，表示“仍然记得”，用“remember”。 4．句意：回顾过去，我意识到正是爱和关心照亮了我的整个初中生活。此处为强调句型“it is…that…”，被强调部分是“love and care”，强调句型结构中连接词应用that，不能用which。 5．句意： 我学会了如何与他人相处并勇敢面对困难。 此处为“疑问词 + to do”作宾语，表示“如何”用“how”。 6．句意：我从未放弃，尽管那时事情相当困难。 前后句为让步关系（“困难”与“不放弃”相反），表示“尽管”用“though”。 7．句意：我还没决定去哪所高中。此处为宾语从句，表示“哪一所”用“which”，修饰“senior high school”。 8．句意：但我知道我会继续努力为了实现我的梦想。此处表示目的，后接动词原形“achieve”，需用“in order to”（为了）。 9．句意：我会珍惜那些一直陪伴我的同学们。此处为定语从句修饰“classmates”（指人），从句缺主语，应用关系代词“who”或“that”，此处用who。 10．句意：我们共同分享的所有甜蜜时刻将永远留在我心中。此处为定语从句修饰“moments”（指物），从句中“shared”缺宾语（分享什么？分享这些时刻），可用关系代词“that”或“which”作宾语，此处选择that。 二、语法填空 （一） 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词 Happy memories are precious treasures in our lives.When 1 (recall) them, we feel a sense of warmth and happiness. At family gatherings, we often share the happy 2 (moment) we remember.We talk 3 the good times we had together, such as holidays, birthdays, and celebrations.These memories connect us 4 our family members and make us feel much closer to them. We also create new memories during these gatherings.We play games, sing songs, and have fun together. These new memories add to our 5 (collect) of happy memories. Our 6 (person)experiences also contribute to our happy memories. For example, when we achieve a goal, make a new friend, or have some adventure, these experiences become part of our happy memories. We should cherish our happy memories and keep them alive.We can do this by 7 (share) them with others, writing them down, or looking at old photos. Sometimes when I feel lonely or discouraged, I open my memory box 8 (slow). I keep concert tickets and dried flowers from special occasions. Each item tells a story—the first time I rode a bicycle without 9 (train) wheels, or the moment our basketball team won the championship.These memories remind me 10 life is full of beautiful moments worth remembering. 【答案】 1．recalling 2．moments 3．about 4．with 5．collection 6．personal 7．sharing 8．slowly 9．training 10．that 【导语】本文阐述了快乐记忆在生活中的珍贵价值，描述了家庭聚会中分享和创造美好回忆的场景，并鼓励人们通过多种方式珍藏这些记忆，以在困难时刻获得温暖与力量。 【详解】1．句意：当我们回忆它们时，会感到温暖和快乐。此处为状语从句的省略结构，主语we与recall为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填recalling。 2．句意：在家庭聚会上，我们常常分享我们记得的快乐时刻。moment为可数名词，前文提到“聚会上分享”，暗示不止一个时刻，应用复数形式。故填moments。 3．句意：我们谈论我们一起度过的美好时光，如节日、生日和庆祝活动。talk about为固定短语，意为“谈论”，此处需填介词about。 4．句意：这些记忆将我们与家人联系在一起，让我们感觉更亲近。“connect...with...”为固定搭配，意为“将……与……联系起来”。故填with。 5．句意：这些新记忆增添了我们的快乐记忆库。collect为动词，此处作介词to的宾语，应用名词形式collection，意为“收藏；积累”。 6．句意：我们的个人经历也促成了我们的快乐记忆。person为名词，此处修饰名词experiences，应用形容词形式personal，意为“个人的”。 7．句意：我们可以通过与别人分享、写下来或看旧照片来做到这一点。介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填share的动名词形式sharing。 8．句意：有时当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我会慢慢地打开我的记忆盒。修饰动词open应用副词，故填slow的副词形式slowly。 9．句意：每一件物品都讲述着一个故事——我第一次骑没有辅助轮的自行车的那一刻，或者我们篮球队赢得冠军的那一瞬间。空格前为介词without，后接名词或动名词，train为动词，其动名词为training，此处作定语修饰wheels，意为“训练用的/辅助的”。故填training。 10．句意：这些记忆提醒我，生活充满了值得铭记的美好时刻。根据空格前的“remind me”，结合结构“remind sb. that...”意为“提醒某人……”可知，此处为that引导的宾语从句，在从句中不作成分但不可省略。故填that。 （二） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，或填入所给单词的正确形式。 Do you want to improve your memory? If so, it’s necessary 1 (know) how memory works. There are two types: short-term memory and long-term memory. Short-term memory 2 (help) you keep things in mind only for a short time. Long-term memory lets you remember information like the password 3 your online bank account for days, years or even forever. The key is 4 (move) what you learn into long-term memory, and you can do this with smart memory 5 (skill) and a healthy lifestyle. First, focus carefully and take notes of key points. It’s always 6 (easy) to remember a summary than a long passage. Second, review what you’ve learned often. Study for 40 minutes and then take 7 rest. You can review information by 8 (discuss) or teaching the knowledge to others. Third, use your senses. You can create 9 (image) like mind maps or listening to recorded information can be very effective. Finally, sleeping well, eating healthily and 10 (exercise) often can also boost your memory. Try different methods to find what works for you. 【答案】 1．to know 2．helps 3．to 4．to move 5．skills 6．easier 7．a 8．discussing 9．images 10．exercising 【导语】本文介绍了改善记忆力的方法，包括了解记忆类型（短期记忆和长期记忆），并通过学习技巧和健康生活方式将信息转化为长期记忆。 【详解】1．句意：如果你想提高记忆力，那么了解记忆如何运作是有必要的。know“知道；了解”，动词，“It’s necessary to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事是必要的”，此处应用动词不定式作真正主语。故填to know。 2．句意：短期记忆帮助你仅在短时间内记住事物。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Short-term memory为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，help可当动词，意为“帮助”，故填helps。 3．句意：长期记忆让你能记住像网上银行账户密码这样的信息，持续数天、数年甚至永远。根据空格前的“password”和空格后的“bank account”，结合短语“the password to”表示“……的密码”，故填介词to。 4．句意：关键是将你所学的内容转化为长期记忆，你可以通过聪明的记忆技巧和健康的生活方式做到这一点。根据系动词is可知，此处应用不定式作表语，表示具体动作或目的。故填to move。 5．句意：关键是将你所学的内容转化为长期记忆，你可以通过聪明的记忆技巧和健康的生活方式做到这一点。skill为可数名词，此处表泛指且无冠词，应用复数形式。故填skills。 6．句意：记住摘要总是比记住长篇文章更容易。根据than可知，此处应用比较级，故填easy的比较级easier，意为“更容易的”。 7．句意：学习40分钟，然后休息一下。结合句意，此处指“休息一下”，take a rest为固定短语，意为“休息一下”。故填a。 8．句意：你可以通过讨论或将知识教给他人来复习信息。介词by后接动名词作宾语，discuss“讨论”，动词，故填其动名词形式discussing。 9．句意：你可以创建像思维导图这样的图像，或者听录制的信息，这可能非常有效。image为可数名词，此处表泛指且无冠词，应用复数形式。故填images。 10．句意：最后，睡得好、吃得健康以及经常锻炼也能增强你的记忆力。此处与sleeping、eating并列，作主语，应用动名词形式。故填exercising。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $